CN2289257Y - Photoelectric electron-multiplier tube changeable delay high voltage door controlled switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a changeable delay high voltage gate controlled switch of a photomultiplier tube, which is composed of a coupler OPT, a transistor, a diode and a resistor. The utility model is characterized in that the coupler is connected with a delayer DLY; one end of an emitting electrode of a photoelectric triode is connected with a base electrode of the transistor through the diode of the gate controlled switch and the resistor of the gate controlled switch; the other end of the emitting electrode of a photoelectric triode is connected with a photocathode of a photomultiplier tube; the output end Q < 1 > of the delayer is connected with the input end B < 2 > of a delayer U < 2 >; a Q < 2 > on the delayer U < 2 > is connected with an anode of the luminous diode of the coupler. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, variable delay gate control, free movement of gate pulses, wide delaying ranges, continuous adjustment, short time for opening a door and convenient operation; the utility model is suitable for high-altitude signal acquisition of laser radars.

Description

Photomultiplier variable delay high pressure gate controlled switch

The utility model relates to a kind of photomultiplier variable delay high pressure gate controlled switch, is particularly useful for spacing wave and surveys and the laser radar acquisition of signal.

In Physical Experiment, obtain optimal experimental result, people wish to have the photodetector of a high-performance received signal---photomultiplier.Especially at the space exploration signal, as laser radar, it is limited only depending on performance, the characteristic of photomultiplier itself, because high spacing wave is very weak, and low spacing wave is stronger, and stronger low spacing wave can be damaged photoelectricity and increase pipe, this is totally unfavorable to surveying high spacing wave, can not detect real signal.At present domestic several families are arranged all is the mechanical chopping way of employing for addressing this problem major part, and the signal that detects is not accurate enough.At 3303 pages of [APPL.opt.29 (1990) of nineteen ninety U.S.'s applied optics periodical the 29th volume, 3303] in, introduced them and adopted gate to control photoelectricity times plumber's work, but the gate time is decided by the outside at the instrumentation radar signal, do not postpone, control gate can not move.Japan has company to produce photomultiplier, and design have can be for the circuit of photomultiplier work, in circuit, added gate, model is C1392, delay is also arranged, and be to adopt cable to postpone time delay, has only 0.5US time delay, and the gate time be still by external circuit and decide, fix time delay.More than the photomultiplier of band gate all can not be used for the high-altitude acquisition of signal of laser radar.

The purpose of this utility model has provided a kind of photomultiplier variable delay high pressure gate controlled switch, join by coupling mechanism and delayer, gating pulse is moved in the scope of broad, and the Laser Measurement radar is penetrated signal and high-altitude and is received fluorescence signal surveying the low latitude Rayleigh exactly.

For reaching above-mentioned task, the utility model by the following technical solutions: photomultiplier variable delay high pressure gate controlled switch, gate circuit of being made up of delayer DLY, coupling mechanism OPT, transistor, diode and resistance etc. is formed.It is characterized in that coupling device OPT links to each other with delayer DLY, delayer is by U ₁, R ₁, C ₁And U ₂, R ₂, C ₂Form delayer U ₁Output Q ₁Connect U ₂Input end B ₂, delayer U ₂The output drive, delayer U ₂On Q ₂The anode that connects the coupling mechanism light emitting diode, emitter one end of phototriode is through the diode D of gate controlled switch ₁, D ₂, R ₃Be connected to N ₁Base stage, the other end is connected to the photocathode of photomultiplier.Delayer mainly is to produce one to postpone variable delayed pulse, removes to open and close door switch through the signal of the coupling output of coupling mechanism, and the open and close of door switch can make photomultiplier work or quit work.To be used for laser radar is example, and the time of the delay of variable delay device can decide according to requirement of experiment, and purpose is to bar up the strong signal of low latitude below 20 kilometers or 15 kilometers, also will can watch the Rayleigh scattering signal in low latitude at any time.This circuit can bar up the strong signal below 30 kilometers.If it is higher that experiment need bar up, the signal more than 30 kilometers, this circuit can be decided as requested, the time continuous variable.When delay controller output signal trigger gate was opened, photomultiplier was in running order, may detect signal, and when door was closed, photomultiplier quit work.Avoided strong illumination.Because the repetition frequency of YAG laser instrument is 20Hz, trigger to open the door from trigger pip and detect radar signal, finish to close the door the repetition frequency of relative laser instrument to acquisition of signal, the needed time is very short, the most of the time photomultiplier is idle, so neither damages photomultiplier, has also improved signal noise ratio greatly, most critical be can be in certain scope to move arbitrarily by this circuit, bar up strong signal, weak signal is amplified, thereby improve detectable signal sensitivity.

Opening the door the time of gate electric switch also is an important indicator of this practicality new construction performance, regulates the time of opening the door by the operating bias of adjustment doors on-off circuit.The speed of time of opening the door directly influences the detection of radar signal.Find out that from experimental result because time of opening the door of this circuit is very fast, and photomultiplier output do not shake, and is very stable, so each details of radar signal can both be detected.

Fig. 1 is a photomultiplier variable delay high pressure gate construction of switch synoptic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the retarder arrangement synoptic diagram of Fig. 1.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings the utility model is described in further detail:

Known to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, photomultiplier variable delay high pressure gate controlled switch is made up of delayer DLY, coupling mechanism OPT, transistor, diode, resistance.Delayer DLY is by U ₁, regularly hinder R surely _Ext ₁, R ₁, constant volume C regularly _Ext ₁, C ₁And U ₂, delayer U ₁On timing hinder R surely _Ext ₂, R ₂, constant volume C regularly _Ext ₂C ₂Form.When input (In) signal is added to U ₁Input B ₁End, delayer U ₁The work that is triggered produces a delayed pulse, delayer U ₁Output Q ₁Connection delay device U ₂Input end B ₂, as delayer U ₂Gating pulse of back generation is triggered.R ₁, C ₁The control lag time, open the door and lockup by R ₂, C ₂Regulate.R _Ext ₁, R _Ext ₂Be timing resistor, C _Ext ₂, C _Ext ₁Be timing capacitor, timing resistor R _Ext ₁Be connected capacitor C ₁And resistance R ₁Between.Timing constant volume C _Ext ₁Be connected capacitor C ₁The other end.Delayer U ₂On timing resistor R _Ext ₂Be connected capacitor C ₂And resistance R ₂Between, timing constant volume C _Ext ₂Be connected C ₂The other end.A ₁, A ₂Ground connection all.Delayer U ₂Output OUT ₁Drive is by delayer U ₂On Q ₂Be connected to coupling mechanism OPT light-emitting diodes tube anode, during light emitting diode work, produce light signal.Receive the back by phototriode and produce an electric signal, the collector F by phototriode is input to gate controlled switch N ₁Emitter, promote gate controlled switch.Emitter E one end of phototriode is through the diode D of gate controlled switch ₁, D ₂, R ₂Be connected to N ₁Base stage, the other end is connected to the photocathode of photomultiplier, gate controlled switch is by transistor N ₁, N ₂With diode D ₁, D ₂And resistance R ₁, R ₂, R ₃, R ₄, R ₅Form.R ₂, R ₃And D ₁, D ₂Be to regulate brilliant pipe N ₁Biasing.R ₃, R ₁Be to regulate N ₁Quiescent potential, R ₄Be to regulate transistor N ₂Biasing.N ₂Emitter be connected the photocathode of photomultiplier, N ₂Collector be connected across photoelectricity training and increase the pipe first dynode DY ₁As transistor N ₁Conducting is out-of-date, N ₂End, photomultiplier is started working, and works as N ₁When ending, N ₂During conducting, photomultiplier quits work.The high pressure gain that photoelectricity increases pipe has been controlled in the output of gate controlled switch like this.Regulate opening the door the time of gate controlled switch by regulating biasing.PMT is a photomultiplier transit, and K is the photocathode of expression photomultiplier, and A is the anode of photomultiplier.The resistance R that is connected in series among Fig. 1 is the divider resistance of photomultiplier, R _LIt is pull-up resistor.H.V is a high pressure, Out ₂The photomultiplier output terminal.

This high pressure gate controlled switch just is employed when the laser radar simulating signal is surveyed.In detection simulation signal experiment, when not adding gate, signal and noise more than 30 kilometers are suitable, and photomultiplier is subjected to strong illumination, respond insensitive.At this moment can only detect the signal below 15 kilometers, watch signal to be state of saturation after amplifying from detecting instrument, the strong signal in low latitude is closed extremely after adding gate, the noise in high-altitude is reduced, and can close arbitrarily.At this moment the signal in high-altitude is through amplifying, average after, the signal that is detected is not only totally but also level and smooth.When being used for aerological sounding, the good results are evident.Therefore the variable delay gating technology is that low latitude or high-altitude acquisition of signal all can obtain satisfied result in the laser radar experiment.

The integrally-built great advantage of the utility model is to have the variable delay gate, and gate pulse can move arbitrarily, Postpone wider range, and continuously adjustable, and the gate time is to be decided by circuit itself. Simple in structure, do not need Control with external circuit. Another advantage is that the time of opening the door is fast. Also have and use flexibly, easy to operate. The high-altitude acquisition of signal that is fit to laser radar.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of photomultiplier variable delay high pressure gate controlled switch, it is made up of coupling mechanism OPT, transistor, diode and resistance, it is characterized in that coupling mechanism OPT links to each other with delayer DLY, and emitter one end of phototriode is through the diode D of gate controlled switch ₁, D ₂, resistance R ₂Be connected to transistor N ₁Base stage, the other end is connected to the photocathode of photomultiplier.

2, a kind of photomultiplier variable delay high pressure gate controlled switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that delayer U ₁Output Q ₁Connection delay device U ₂Input end B ₂, delayer U ₂On Q ₂The anode that connects coupling mechanism OPT light emitting diode.

3, a kind of photomultiplier variable delay high pressure gate controlled switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that delayer U ₁On timing hinder R surely _Ext ₁Be connected capacitor C ₁And resistance R ₁Between, timing constant volume C _Ext ₁Be connected capacitor C ₁The other end, delayer U ₂On timing hinder R surely _Ext ₂Be connected capacitor C ₂With resistance R ₂Between, regularly constant volume Cext2 is connected capacitor C ₂The other end.

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