CN2273430Y

CN2273430Y - Universal clock

Info

Publication number: CN2273430Y
Application number: CN 96250933
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜明刚; 王云; 郭军; 王虹
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Shaanxi Normal University
Priority date: 1996-12-25
Filing date: 1996-12-25
Publication date: 1998-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2006-12-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a universal clock, composed of a terrestrial globe and a clock. Because the driving system of a globe body and the driving system of a dawn-dusk ring are adopted, the globe can relatively run with the dawn-dusk ring according to global rotation and principles of 1 week/24 hours and the speed of 47 DEG/half-year. The clock, the globe and sunshine conditions are organically combined. The time of every zone on the globe and light irradiation conditions can be visually observed. The utility model is particularly suitable for families, offices, travels, teaching, hotels, airports and transport stations. The utility model provides an instrument which integrates practicality, ornament and knowledge into a whole.

Description

Universal clock

The utility model relates to a kind of Universal clock of being made up of clock and terrestrial globe, belongs to the instruments used for education field.

Most existing clocks are outward appearance no matter, and how form changes, and does not always break away from hour hands, minute hand, second hand and forms the per traditional mode that took a round in 12 hours of hour hands.It can only change the single ground reflection time.Existing terrestrial globe also is can be with the distribution simulation of the distribution of countries in the world, ocean, longitude, latitude above terrestrial globe, but does not all embody between one day changing round the clock and the variation of light conditions of any regional location on the earth.

The purpose of the utility model Universal clock be to overcome above-mentioned can not be directly perceived, organically reflect the Changing Pattern and the shortcoming of the Changing Pattern round the clock in the middle of a day at sunshine in the middle of a year, employing combines clock and terrestrial globe, the relation that clearly reflects any change in location rule on the time and the earth reaches the unification in time and space.

Base area revolutions principle, hour hands are fixed on a position of terrestrial globe, not simulate earth rotation with the terrestrial globe ball, took a round in promptly 24 hours, come timing relative to the mode that hour hands rotate, divide the principle of changeing according to the earth simultaneously, utilize that the rule of plane of illumination changes in the middle of circle simulation in the morning and evening earth 1 year, relative position, polar day, polar night, summer of vivo disclosing the earth and the sun in the middle of 1 year directly perceived, why the days are long and the nights short, winter, why long daytime at night was short, and on the earth in the middle of those areas 1 year the sunshine-duration long, those local sunshine-durations are lacked or the like spontaneous phenomenon.Simultaneously intuitively reflect any regional location of the earth one day in the middle of any moment be in which kind of position that changes round the clock, thereby make original stiff terrestrial globe become the simulation earth with earth synchronous operation.When the reflection time changes, also disclose the rule of spatial variations like this, accomplished the organic unity of the time and space.In addition, be marked with on the utility model Universal clock terrestrial globe from " time zone " to the thing No.12 District " totally 24 time zones; with reference to the setting means of back; any in the world city and the country one belongs to thereof can directly obviously be shown; area or local time of any regional location in the world; meanwhile these countries and regions or regional location are in which kind of position that changes round the clock in the middle of a day and also come into plain view, and these all utilize, and people arrange various work in the modern life, activities such as life.

The utility model Universal clock is achieved in that this Universal clock by terrestrial globe, and system is moved in the spheroid district, and circle enclosed drive system and clock morning and evening and formed morning and evening.Hour hands are fixed in the globe bracket upper end, and it is crooked parallel with spherome surface, the time scale ring is embedded on the track of geoid surface and can rotates relative to spheroid during his-and-hers watches, be used for to the time, spheroid displacement system bulk cargo drives spheroid to be same as earth rotation in the globe bracket base, promptly 15 ° hours angle is rotated from West to East, morning and evening, circle and pointer thereof were connected last and the two plane parallel of living in of same axle, enclose the side that drive system is contained in globe bracket morning and evening, drive the circle in morning and evening, and pointer is in 47 ° of angular range, with the speed to-and-fro movement of 47 ° of half a year, to show Winter Solstice=Summer Solstice, sensitive surface and the shady face rule in the middle of a year changes.

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the Universal clock structural representation;

(1) spheroid (2) morning and evening, circle circle in (3) morning and evening axle (4) support (5) enclosed index dial (6) pointer in morning and evening (7) time scale ring (8) hour hands morning and evening

Fig. 2 encloses and the pointer synoptic diagram morning and evening;

Fig. 3 encloses scale and pointer synoptic diagram morning and evening;

Fig. 4 Universal clock ball drive system chart;

Fig. 5 CMOS quartz crystal oscillator circuits figure;

The comparison synoptic diagram of Fig. 6 Universal clock and existing clock stator;

Fig. 7 Universal clock encloses the drive system block diagram morning and evening;

Fig. 8 draws a circle to approve sub-synoptic diagram morning and evening.

(9) switch

This Universal clock is globe sphere 1 (above be marked with from " time zone " to " thing No.12 District " totally 24 time zones).Hour hands 8, time scale ring 7, enclose 2 morning and evening, globe bracket 4, ball drive system (being contained in the bracket base), enclose drive system (being contained in the support side) morning and evening, morning and evening, aperture needle 6, enclose 47 ° of index dials 5 morning and evening, compositions such as power supply, hour hands 8 are fixed in globe bracket 4 upper ends, and bend to parallel (see figure 1) and hour hands 8 are in peak position, spheroid 1 solar noon sun position (being 12 positions at high noon) with spherome surface, and setting hour hands 8 are in sensitive surface, its back side is shady face, time scale ring 7 is embedded on the globe sphere 1 surperficial track, and can rotate relative to spheroid 1 during his-and-hers watches, be used for to the time, have 1 on the

calibration loop

7,2,3 ... 12,13,14 ... 24 time scale (see figure 1)s of totally 24 hours.Ball drive system drive spheroid 1 be same as earth rotation promptly 15 °/hour angular velocity rotate from West to East, enclose morning and evening 2 and pointer 6 be connected on the same axle 3, and the two plane of living in is parallel to each other, enclose morning and evening drive systems enclose morning and evening 2 and pointer 6 in 47 ° of angular range with the speed to-and-fro movement (see figure 3) of 47 °/half a year to show from Winter Solstice=Summer Solstice, sensitive surface and the shady face rule in the middle of a year changes.

The ball drive system comprises driving circuit and mechanical part, because driving spheroid 1 and time calibration loop 7 counterclockwise rotates with/24 hours speed of 1 circle, therefore if will be with the clock drive system of existing watch and clock movement as this Universal clock, need be with rotating speed, became 1 circle/24 hours in/12 hours by 1 circle, and rotation direction become counterclockwise clockwise by existing clock and watch, the ball drive system chart as shown in Figure 4, among the figure CMOS quartz crystal oscillator circuits as shown in Figure 5, it is to be quartz crystal CMOS phase inverter (being composed in series by PMOS and NMOS) the biasing resistor R of 32768Hz (identical with existing clock and watch) by frequency _fOscillator C _D, trimming capacitor C _GDeng composition.The CMOS two-divider is the CMOSJK trigger is connected into count status and obtains, it can be the signal of 16384Hz with the signal frequency split of 32768Hz, therefore this signal is delivered to by 16 grade of 2 frequency dividing circuit, the existing watch and clock movement that decoding scheme and driving circuit are formed, the frequency of the positive and negative bidirectional clock pulse signal that replaces of the driving step motor that obtains at last just in time is half of existing clock frequency, makes that like this velocity of rotation of this clock is 1 circle/24 hours.As for by changing into counterclockwise problem clockwise, be the stator of existing watch and clock movement will to be taken out, change the eccentric direction of stator, as shown in Figure 6, can make the rotor counter-rotation.

Enclosing drive system morning and evening also is to be made of driving circuit and mechanical part.Drive enclose morning and evening 2 and pointer 6 at the speed back and forth movement of 47 °/half a year.Therefore if will with existing watch and clock movement as this in morning and evening circle drive and need that velocity of rotation is enclosed/12 hours (promptly 720 °/24 hours=720 °/day) by 1 and become 47 °/half a year (promptly 47 °/182.5 days) and make that this system can be by clockwise rotating, again can be by rotating counterclockwise.Enclose the drive system block diagram as shown in Figure 7 this morning and evening, and the formation of CMOS quartz crystal oscillator circuit and Fig. 5 are basic identical among the figure, and just resonant frequency of quartz crystal is for sending out 8007.86Hz, and the COMS frequency dividing circuit is that general-purpose chip CC4040 forms 12 grades of two-dividers,

Hz sends into this signal by 16 grades of frequency-halving circuits again, the existing watch and clock movement that decoding scheme and driving circuit are formed, the positive and negative alternately bidirectional clock pulse signal that then drives step motor just in time can make velocity of rotation become 47 °/182.5 days by 720 °/1 day, this be because

As for realizing the to-and-fro movement in 47 ° of angular range of circle in morning and evening, only need to be divided into now relatively independent and can and increase by a switch at the two parts that necessarily relatively move among a small circle, as shown in Figure 8, moving up and down in position, the left and right sides by switch 9 to change the eccentric direction of stator, realizes the positive and negative rotation of rotor.

In addition, because under the natural situation, the influence of sun apparent radius and atmosphere refractive power effect etc., make the zenith distance of the true sun of sunrise and sunset that 50 ' difference take place, make like this morning and evening circle with the earth was divided into daytime hemisphere and night hemisphere be not real hemisphere, 50 ' difference make daytime hemisphere to around enlarged 50 ', also make night hemisphere dwindle 50 ' from four, thus any time and the daytime in place long being extended, grow night and be shortened, make that isometric round the clock situation always never had on the equator, the isometric round the clock situation of other latitude does not appear at spring and fall equinoxes, but appears at spring and fall equinoxes three or four days later on, the north and south limit, polar day prolongs, and shorten polar night, the north and south limit, polar day has increased by 5, has shortened 5 polar night.Therefore will enclose morning and evening be designed to as shown in Figure 2 structure be morning and evening circle directly be not connected on its left and right sides diaxon, but be connected length is that ab=a ' b '=0.01453 is that 50 ' radian, R enclose radius morning and evening) the camber line structure on, the camber line structure links to each other with left and right sides diaxon, have directly over the morning and evening circle in addition one perpendicular to morning and evening circle and its arc length be bar shaped space such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 that the terrestrial globe upper shaft is passed through of 0.4099R (0.4099 is 23.5 radians, and R encloses radius morning and evening).So just 50 ' difference of generations such as sun apparent radius and atmosphere refractive power effect can be taken into account.

Setting means:

At first, regulate the circle in morning and evening, make it be in of that month appropriate location (reading) by enclosing index dial morning and evening by enclosing the movement adjusting knob morning and evening.Because hour hands are in peak position, solar noon sun position (being 12 positions at high noon) therefore, as long as " 12 scale " on the time scale ring 7 aimed at the central meridian in time zone of living in, Beijing (Dong Ba district) on the terrestrial globe, i.e. " standard meridian " in this time zone (being 120 ° of east longitudes) is again by spheroid movement adjusting knob, rotating sphere (this moment time scale ring relative spheroid motionless) to the time, then " Universal clock " earth is identical with natural earth running status, and the time in hour hands arbitrary moment of 8 indications is Beijing time.Afterwards, if " 12 scale " on the time scale ring is adjusted to " standard meridian " in time zone of living in, arbitrary position on the earth (as certain national capital or area etc.), then the time on the time scale ring 7 of indication is the local time in this position (certain national capital or area) to hour hands 8 at any time.

Claims

1, a kind of by clock, what terrestrial globe was formed can show the Universal clock that the Earth Day shines and the time changes, it is characterized in that hour hands (8) are fixed on globe bracket (4) upper shaft, and it is crooked parallel with spheroid (1) surface, and hour hands (8) are in peak position, solar noon sun position (being 12 positions at high noon), time carves ring (7) and is embedded on the spherome surface track and can rotates relative to spheroid during his-and-hers watches, the free scale in time scale ring (7) surface, can drive spheroid be same as earth rotation promptly 15 °/hour the angular velocity drive system that rotates the globe from West to East be contained in globe bracket (4) base, circle in morning and evening (2) and pointer (6) thereof are connected on the same axle and the two plane of living in is parallel to each other, can drive circle in morning and evening (2) and pointer (6) thereof and in 47 ° of angular range, enclose drive system reciprocating morning and evening, be contained in the side of globe bracket (4) with the speed of 47 °/half a year.

2, Universal clock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the ball drive system is by the CMOS quartz oscillator, the CMOS two-divider, existing watch and clock movement is formed, and wherein the CMOS crystal oscillator is to be quartz crystal CMOS phase inverter (being composed in series by PMOS and NMOS) the biasing resistor R of 32768Hz (identical with existing clock and watch) by frequency _fOscillator C ₀, trimming capacitor C ₆Deng composition, its circuit in addition, takes out the stator in the existing watch and clock movement as shown in Figure 5, changes eccentric direction such as Fig. 6 of stator, makes the rotor counter-rotation.

3, Universal clock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that enclosing morning and evening drive system is by the CMOS quartz oscillator, the CMOS frequency divider, existing watch and clock movement is formed, wherein the CMOS of ball drive system quartz crystal oscillator circuit is basic identical in CMOS quartz crystal oscillator circuit formation and the claim 2, just resonant frequency of quartz crystal is 48007,86Hz, 12 grades of two-dividers that the CMOS frequency dividing circuit is made up of general-purpose chip CC4040, to have in addition stator now is divided into relatively independent and can and increases by a switch at the two parts that necessarily relatively move among a small circle, as shown in Figure 8, can change the eccentric direction of stator by moving up and down of position, the switch left and right sides, realize the positive and negative rotation of rotor.

4, Universal clock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it is that ab=a ' b '=0.014537 is 50 ' radian that circle in morning and evening (2) does not have directly to be connected but to be connected the length that links to each other with its left and right diaxon (3) with its left and right sides diaxon (3), R encloses radius morning and evening) the camber line structure on, have directly over the circle morning and evening in addition one perpendicular to morning and evening circle and its arc length be bar shaped space such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 that the terrestrial globe upper shaft is passed through of 0.4099R (0.4099 is 23.5 ° radian, and R encloses radius morning and evening).