CN2247624Y - Small four-wheeled tractor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a small four-wheeled tractor, which is used for the farm machinery field. The small four-wheeled tractor is composed of a diesel engine (1), a machine frame, a wheel direction device, a gear box (12), a clutch (13), a brake, and a traction lifting mechanism. The utility model is characterized in that the small four-wheeled tractor adopts the 6 kw to 7 kw diesel engine (1); the gear box (12) is provided with symmetrical disk frame-shaped and open type double-planet two-stage gear differential mechanisms (20) in the gear box of the walking tractor, and a structure which can be passed to a half shaft (21) is provided with a hand braking mechanism and a foot braking mechanism. An oil pump (18) is arranged on the external part of the casing of the gear box and on a power output shaft (17), and an oil cylinder (9) is arranged on the rear upper part of the gear box. The small four-wheeled tractor has the advantages of compact structure, small size, convenient turning, low price, and the small four-wheeled tractor can be stopped on mountain slopes and can till to the field border head.

Description

A kind of miniature four-wheeled tractor

The utility model relates to hand steered dilatory improvement, belongs to the agricultural machinery field.

Along with development and national economy, the foundation of rural households' production contract and responsibility system relations of production, more and more higher to the requirement of mechanization.The peasant not only requires large-area cultivating, and opens sincerely, but also requires the small size ploughing and weeding, as planting, plough, rake the soil level, intertill, apply fertilizer, spray withdrawal thing and transportation etc. between mountain region, broken country, fruit tree and vegetables.This obviously is to be not all right by animal power.It is unfavorable more can to bring to agricultural under the few situation of particularly current farm animal quantity, in order to increase productivity, reduces labour intensity, must be by agricultural mechanization production.For large-area flat-bottomed land and high-land, the present many-sided function of large, medium and small type trac. can satisfy people's requirement preferably, but for the broken country of mountain region and small size and between productions such as kind, interplanting, it is somewhat unable to do what one wishes that this trac. just seems, show its weak point: 1. because volume is big, dumb, can not cultivate the edge of a field to patch, 2. to small sections of a vegetable plot, fruit-bearing forest, can not enter, 3. patch adopts big trac., on the energy, all can cause waste on the time.Existing walker tractor is a kind of small farm power, finish large tractor the task of can not finishing, show its preceence, once be subjected to people's welcome.But in use, it also shows the some shortcomings part: when 1. ploughing, the operator can not be sitting in and carry out the work operation of can only walking on the ground above the trac., labour intensity is big, difficult operation, 2. body only two drive wheels land, dangerous, roll-over accident often appears, when 3. hanging up farm implements such as ploughshare, but though three points of contact, but move on to after the center of gravity on the fulcrum of plough, it is big to expend power, the difficult direction of grasping in the field, use inconvenience, 4. be not easy to turn.

Therefore, the peasant wishes to have a kind of mini tractor of multiple functional flexible operation to replace walker tractor.

The purpose of this utility model be to design a kind of 1. compact conformation, volume is little, function is many, flexible operation, easy to store, 2. little, the safety of operation of labour intensity, 3. 4. saving in power, cost-cutting can satisfy the miniature four-wheeled tractor of mountain region, broken country, terraced fields, orchard, vegetables embanked field job requirements.

Basic design of the present utility model is to take the multifunction structure characteristics of large, medium and small type trac., the advantage of the little grade of maintenance walker tractor volume.Integral structure and change speed gear box to walker tractor are transformed, and make it become a kind of four-wheel miniature trac..The diesel engine [1] of 6KW～7KW is fixed on the top of propons, before propons and change speed gear box [12] are connected to form, the frame of back axle [15] integral body, wheel steering device [4] mechanism assembly is housed on the frame [15] at diesel engine [1] rear portion, be in two track adjusting wheels [16] of frame [16] front end bottom with control, change speed gear box [12] is in the rear portion of diesel engine [1], front end left side at change speed gear box [12] is equipped with power-transfer clutch [13], stretch out an exterior left side in the both sides, back, on the right two-semiaxle [21], be equipped with rear drive sprocket [11], rear end at change speed gear box [12] is equipped with the “ Xi " shape draw gear [10]; the top of change speed gear box [12] is equipped with hydraulic ram [9] bont; the top of hydraulic ram [9] device is equipped with operator's saddle [7] assembly; hand brake [5] handle and foot-operated brake [14] pedal also are installed; the outputting power of diesel engine [1] in the top of change speed gear box [12] front end; be to pass on the power-transfer clutch [13] by cone belt [22], pass to change speed gear box [12] by power-transfer clutch [13] axle, pass on the two-semiaxle [21] by change speed gear box main gear big gear wheel [19], two rear drive sprockets are rotated.

A kind of miniature four-wheeled tractor that the utility model is designed, mainly be made up of diesel engine [1], frame [15] deflector [4] assembly, change speed gear box [12], power-transfer clutch [13], braking draw gear [10] and lift system, it is characterized in that: driving engine is the diesel engine [1] that adopts 6KW～7KW; Change speed gear box [12] is to adopt in the change speed gear box of walker tractor, and symmetrical plate rail shape open type duplicate rows star secondary gear diff [20] is housed, and the structure that power is sent on the semiaxis [12] constitutes; Brake equipment is a kind of stop mechanism with hand brake [5] and [14] two kinds of devices of foot-operated brake.

Of the present utility model being further characterized in that in the outside of change speed gear box [12] housing, is equipped with hydraulic oil pump [18] on power take-off shaft [17], oil cylinder [9] then is placed in the top of change speed gear box [12] rear end, has formed hydraulic lifting apparatus.On the four-bar linkage of lift arm [24], semicircle tooth plate is housed, connect by half garden shape tooth plate and ploughshare, can make ploughshare from the left and right swing of tween drive shaft alignment, the swing luffing can reach the outer of rear drive sprocket [11], is generally 850mm.

So it is propulsive effort that the utility model will adopt 6KW～7KW diesel engine, be to consider, when cultivating, particularly in the area, mountain area, high-land, between plant and during interplanting, do not need big power, 6KW is enough to 7KW, big again, just waste energy, littler strength is just not enough, can't finish the task of farmland and general purpose hauling.Therefore, 6KW～7KW just as the size of the utility model trac. power, generally can select R180 type and R185 diesel engine for use, and this is two kinds of diesel engine models that existing trac. was not adopted.Usually adopt the R180 diesel engine, this is a kind of traction, the miniature four-wheeled tractor of driving dual-purpose type.Hydraulic oil pump [18] is placed on the external impetus output shaft [17] of housing of change speed gear box [12], mainly is for the size that reduces change speed gear box [12] and the size of whole type.Symmetrical plate rail shape open type duplicate rows star secondary gear diff [20] is housed in the walker tractor change speed gear box, mainly is to guarantee functions such as the designed a kind of miniature four-wheeled tractor of the utility model has existing large, medium and small type trac. and turns, and is easy to operate.In stop mechanism, except foot brake mechanism is arranged, also be added with hand braking mechanism, this mainly is in order to guarantee, when trac. stops at the ground with gradient, can stablize motionless.

Major advantage of the present utility model is: 1. simple and compact for structure, volume is little, 2. operating light and flexible easily grasps, and safety, 3. can brake in the gradient is that labour intensity is little when 4. working on the hillside at 20 ° of angles, is convenient to deposit, 5. low price, the price of full price and a head of cattle is suitable, and from cultivating the 0.07 hectare price, four-wheeled tractor is wanted 16 yuan, small-sized machine drawing is wanted 15 yuan, farm cattle are wanted 13 yuan, the utility model if 10 yuan every day 8～10 mu in arable land, and Niu Yitian can only plant 2 mu of ground, therefore, miniature four-wheel is dilatory ploughs fast 5 times than ox.When 6. ploughing, because volume is little, it is convenient to turn, and therefore, can cultivate the edge of a field, when drawing the ploughing kind than farm cattle, stay can not to cultivate ground also little.The utility model is widely used in Plain, mountain area and high-land, mix that corresponding agricultural machinery and implement can be ploughed plough, various operations such as sow, gather in, thresh grain, draw water, but breakdown trailer carries out short-distance transport.A kind of miniature four-wheeled tractor of the present utility model, overall dimensions (millimeter) they are 1780 * 850 * 1050 (lengths), work speed, (kilometer/hour), three-wheel is 20.01 the soonest when advancing, the jogging speed of third gear is 4.94.

Be the description of the drawings below.

Fig. 1 is the appearance structure scheme drawing that the designed a kind of miniature four-wheeled tractor of the utility model shows each component part syntagmatic.This figure is in order to show hydraulic efficiency gear [6] assembly, and hydraulic ram [9] promotes assembly and deflector [4] assembly, (revolver) guard shield [8] assembly is taken off, and to left track adjusting wheel [16] and left driving wheel, carry out part and show.

Small-sized (the diesel engine [1] of 6KW～7KW) is housed in the front portion of frame [15] assembly (being propons) top, and add hood assembling [2] assembly, and in the back of hood [2], locate near deflector [4], be provided with electrical equipment [3] assembly, below the frame at the rear portion of driving engine, be provided with change speed gear box [12] assembly, be provided with hydraulic efficiency gear [6] assembly on its top, and hydraulic ram [9] bont assembly, design is in its upper back, and hydraulic oil pump then is located at its preceding right side (not showing at this figure), the top in hydraulic efficiency gear [6], be installed on operator's saddle [7] assembly, rear portion in change speed gear box [12] is equipped with draw gear [10] assembly, between track adjusting wheel [16] and drive wheel [11] assembly, design has hand brake [5] assembly, foot-operated brake [14] assembly, power-transfer clutch [13] assembly and gear shift spanner are from becoming, so that driver operation.

Fig. 2 is new designed change speed gear box [12] and the drive system structure scheme drawing of this practicality.

The power that diesel engine [1] sends, pass to power-transfer clutch [13] by power wheel [23] by cone belt [22], after closing shelves, pass to main gear big gear wheel [19] through the power take-off shaft [17] in the change speed gear box [12], through symmetrical plate rail shape open type duplicate rows star secondary gear diff [20] and end tooth wheel [28] not, be sent on the semiaxis [21], this just makes drive wheel [11] rotate.This figure also demonstrates, and hydraulic oil pump [18] is the architectural feature of design on the power take-off shaft [17] on the preceding right side of change speed gear box [12].

Fig. 3 is the designed a kind of miniature four-wheeled tractor of the utility model, takes off the plan structure scheme drawing behind operator's saddle [7] assembly and each operating handle.The purpose of this figure is to demonstrate hydraulic oil pump [18] and the hydraulic ram [9] of design on power take-off shaft [17], draw gear [10] and promote in the relative structural relation of lifting wall [24] etc.The all same Fig. 1 of other symbols.

Fig. 4 is the existing walker tractor gearbox designs of the utility model utilization, symmetrical plate rail shape open type duplicate rows star secondary gear diff [20] structural representation that is equipped with in its inside.

For clear and be convenient to explanation, with drive wheel [11], semiaxis [21] and not end tooth wheel [28] also display together.In change speed gear box [12] lining, symmetrical plate rail shape open type duplicate rows star secondary gear diff [20] structure is housed, it is by main gear big gear wheel [19], cone gear [25] and the differential dual gear [26] that is contained on the differential shaft [27] constitute.

When the power that is transmitted by power take-off shaft arrived main gear big gear wheel [19], symmetrical plate rail shape open type duplicate rows star secondary gear diff [20] was just taken turns [28] with transmission of power to the not end tooth that is on the semiaxis [21], and the result makes drive wheel [11] produce motion.

The utility model embodiment is as follows:

In the gradient is the ground, corner, a fritter hills at 20 ° of angles, adopts the designed a kind of miniature four-wheeled tractor of the utility model, carries out farming.

The driving engine that miniature four-wheeled tractor adopted is the 6KW diesel engine, and control step is as follows:

1. prepare

Answer as prescribed to check whether lubricating oil, diesel oil, water and tire pressure meet the requirements before the operation.

2. starting

Brake off, cut-off clutch is floored the pedal of power-transfer clutch rapidly, selected starting gear, the control throttle, make movable parts such as diesel engine flywheel reach certain rotating speed after, engaging clutch makes the trac. gentle start lentamente.

3. turn to

To reverse end for end when cultivating the edge of a field, on the way will turn, at this moment, should send signal, reduction of speed, steering wheel rotation gradually turns to front-wheel deflection then, when head during near new direction, bearing circle is in time just being returned again.

4. speed change

Operation or when advancing, often speed change, gear shift.During farm work, should after locomotive comes to a complete stop, carry out, during hauling operation, can under the skilled situation of operative technique, carry out.When upper and lower slope, answer low grade to travel, and should finish changing shelves in advance, never allow in the gear shift midway of upper and lower slope.In order to avoid because of hanging not perform " slipping sloping " accident takes place.During reversing, should adopt low speed as far as possible and will perform the preparation of stopping-down at any time, but when wearing the agricultural machinery and implement operation, generally not allow to fall back to travel.

5. braking

Generally answer brake snub.After treating that the trac. moving velocity drops to a certain degree, cut-off clutch and braking are stopped trac. in the predetermined area again.Should take emergency brake operations in extraordinary circumstances, method is to reduce throttle rapidly, and bipod is stepped on brake pedal and pedal of clutch simultaneously rapidly, the parking of realization shortest distance.If rest on the hillside and also should use hand brake.

6. park

When work finishes need park the time, should reduce throttle before this, reduce the speed of a motor vehicle, reach the timely cut-off clutch in the predetermined area, braking, shifter bar pushes neutral gear, and then, engaging clutch makes driving engine continue idle running 2～3 minutes, and it is flame-out to close throttle again.

Claims (2)

1. a miniature four-wheeled tractor mainly is made up of diesel engine [1], frame [15], deflector [4] assembly, change speed gear box [12], power-transfer clutch [13], brake equipment, draw gear [10] and lift system, it is characterized in that:

A). driving engine is the diesel engine [1] that adopts 6KW～7KW,

B). change speed gear box [12] is to adopt in the change speed gear box of walker tractor, and symmetrical plate rail shape open type duplicate rows star secondary gear diff [20] is housed, and the structure that power is sent on the semiaxis [2] constitutes,

C). brake equipment is a kind of stop mechanism with hand brake [5] and [14] two kinds of devices of foot-operated brake.

2. a kind of miniature four-wheeled tractor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the outside of gear box casing, on power take-off shaft [17], hydraulic oil pump [18] is housed, and hydraulic ram [9] then is placed in the top of change speed gear box [12] rear end, has formed hydraulic lifting apparatus.

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