CN2228555Y

CN2228555Y - Jetting nozzle and controller for impulse water turbine

Info

Publication number: CN2228555Y
Application number: CN95242026U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴铁民
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1995-08-14
Filing date: 1995-08-14
Publication date: 1996-06-05
Anticipated expiration: 2005-08-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a jetting nozzle and the control mechanism thereof for an impact water turbine, comprising a uniflow jetting nozzle and the control mechanism. The jet diameter and the excess flow of the jetting nozzle and the output of a water turbine set can be adjusted through automatically controlling the moving position of a jetting needle by the control mechanism. When the utility model is needed to stop, an automatic speed governor controls a flow diverter to rapidly cut incident flow, the jet stream is made to deviate from a rotary wheel, and meanwhile, the control mechanism controls the jetting needle to move slowly to plug up the jetting nozzle to stop the water turbine. The utility model with novel and simple structural design and small size is suitable for forming module type units, and the utility model with high hydraulic efficiency, low noise and convenient operation and maintenance is suitable for various impact water turbines with a single jetting nozzle or multiple jetting nozzles.

Description

The nozzle of impulse turbine and control mechanism thereof

The utility model is nozzle and the control mechanism thereof that belongs to the impulse turbine of hydroelectric generator technical group field.

Impulse turbine is the high head unit that belongs to 200-1760m, and nozzle is its inflow-rate of water turbine controlling mechanism, by exerting oneself of cut-out governing hydraulic generator unit, itself and extraneous power load is balanced each other.As everyone knows, the diversion pressure steel tube of high head unit is long, rated speed is high, and for guaranteeing safe operation, unit requires nozzle to close and wants fast when removal of load, wants slow but diversion pressure steel tube requires nozzle to close again." micro hydraulic turbine vertical ring multiinjector " (882025635) of Chinese patent, be that a plurality of nozzles are set in circulating line, the water wheels rotating speed is quickened, and " impact and inclined-jet turbine have the pilot jet device " (932099629) are at the main nozzle another side pilot jet to be set, and can improve and exert oneself.The utility model adopts the novel nozzle arrangements of nozzle needle and the dual adjustment of flow diverter, can when removal of load, by flow diverter is very fast jet be departed from runner to prevent the generating unit speed rising earlier, close nozzle needle lentamente simultaneously so that do not produce big hydraulic pressure rising in the diversion steel pipe.

The purpose of the utility model design, be to adopt the novel combination structure of flow diverter and nozzle needle and the nozzle and the control mechanism thereof that are designed to impulse turbine, realize that direct current type nozzle introducing pressure flow becomes one free jet to the nozzle outlet, impact runner drive generator rotates and generates electricity; Mobile nozzle needle is blocked nozzle and is blocked current and can stop unit and rotate, or changes exerting oneself of nozzle needle stroke adjustment jet diameter, nozzle inflow-rate of water turbine and unit; The joint cam guarantees that unit makes flow diverter be in all the time by the jet when any position stability operation, only flow diverter is at first cut jet and made it depart from runner when removal of load.

Also in conjunction with the accompanying drawings project organization of the present utility model is described in detail with embodiment below and gives:

Fig. 1 is that the nozzle of impulse turbine and the structure of control mechanism thereof are always schemed;

Fig. 2 nozzle and control mechanism thereof are used for the vertical shaft multi-jet turbine

Stack mounting figure.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model by nozzle pipe 8, fluid nozzle needle seat 16, nozzle needle 10, balance spring 9, nozzle cover 17, nozzle 11, flow diverter 12, reply arm 7 and stop valve 14 etc. and form the direct current type nozzle, and by joint cam 1, plunger 2, piston 3, orifice plug 4, main control valve body 20, emergency cut-off solenoid valve 6 and manage 19, control mechanism that pull bar 18 etc. is formed nozzle.Described nozzle is to be connected with the diversion pressure tube by nozzle pipe 8 left ends, right-hand member is connected with nozzle cover 17 left ends, the right serrated end of nozzle cover is connected with nozzle 11 screws, fluid nozzle needle seat 16 is supported in the nozzle pipe 8 by the fluid muscle of band through hole, the endoporus of the right column casing of nozzle needle 10 and left needle shaft and fluid nozzle needle seat 16 is slidingly connected and with seal ring 13,15 sealings, balance spring 9 is enclosed within on the needle shaft and makes a left side, right-hand member compresses fluid nozzle needle seat 16 and nozzle needle 10 respectively, the B chamber of nozzle needle seat 16 is by last, following muscle hole is connected with stop valve 14 with pipe 19 respectively, and be communicated with the A chamber of main control valve seat 20 by pipe 19, the needle shaft left end is articulated and connected with the lower end of replying arm 7, and by replying arm upper end and hinged being rotationally connected in orifice plug 4 lower ends, the axle of flow diverter 12 is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft of automatic speed governor, flow diverter is articulated and connected by the rocking arm of pull bar 18 with joint cam 1, thereby forms with nozzle needle and the dual adjustment jet diameter of flow diverter, the direct current type nozzles combine structure of nozzle inflow-rate of water turbine and unit output.Wherein, balance spring 9 is a multi-disc belleville spring or cylindrically coiled spring; The external diameter of nozzle needle 10 is greater than 1.4 times of jet diameters; Reply arm 7 and nozzle needle axle, orifice plug 4 for being articulated and connected, or be the rolling bearing connection.Described nozzle control mechanism is on the left side by two-position four-way emergency shutdown solenoid valve 6; lower port connects pressure oil inlet pipe and oil exit pipe respectively; on the right side; lower port connect respectively main control valve seat 20 epicoeles on; lower interface; and be communicated with the C chamber of piston 3 by lower interface; the upper-end surface of the lower end surface of piston 3 and orifice plug 4 is formed throttling and is paid; orifice plug 4 lower ends are articulated and connected with answer arm 7; pressure oil is by throttle orifice 5 and the A chamber that connects main control valve seat 20; and communicate with the oil extraction lumen of main control valve seat by the endoporus of orifice plug 4; A chamber outlet communicates with the B chamber of nozzle needle seat 16 by managing 19; lumen exports the oil pipe that runs in; the following cam limit of joint cam 1 and the upper end roller of plunger 2 keep in touch; and it is suitable by cam; counterclockwise rotate and drive plunger 2 times; go up and move; flow diverter 12 rotates by pull bar 18 push-and-pull joint cams 1, moves the nozzle control mechanism that rotates with flow diverter thereby form the control nozzle needle.Wherein, the throttling that the upper-end surface of the lower end surface of piston 3 and orifice plug 4 is formed is paid, and can adopt the plane atomizer baffle-type, or circular cone type, spherical formula, aciculiform formula and column type; Emergency shutdown solenoid valve 6 can also be contained in pipe 19 centres (shown in the dotted line of Fig. 1) in the A chamber that connects main control valve seat 20 and the B chamber of nozzle needle seat 16; Nozzle and its control mechanism can become whole assembling, also can become separately assembling as shown in Figure 2.

This nozzle and control mechanism thereof also are fit to carry out stack mounting with the vertical shaft multi-jet turbine, as shown in Figure 2, the 24th, vertical shaft, the 22nd, diversion steel pipe, its 4 control mechanisms 23 (NO1-NO4) be installed separately with 4 nozzles 21.

The working principle of this nozzle and control mechanism thereof is as follows:

When 1, unit starting and increase are loaded: letter flow device 12 and joint cam 1 are rotated to the counter clockwise direction of opening by the unit automatic speed governor, piston 3 moves up with cam 1 under the oil pressure effect, the gap increase that throttling is paid is formed in the upper-end surface of the lower end surface of piston 3 and orifice plug 4, because the damping function of throttle orifice 5, A chamber and B cavity pressure reduce, nozzle needle 10 moves to opening direction under hydraulic action, this moment, the oil in B chamber was discharged through orifice plug 4, the gap that answer arm 7 forces throttling to be paid again reduces, and equals the oil mass that throttling is sent to the compositor out up to the oil mass by throttle orifice 5.The course of action that increases load is same as described above.

2, unit removal of load or when closing:

Speed regulator makes flow diverter 12 cut jet fast and makes jet depart from runner, joint cam 1 forces piston 3 to move down, the gap that throttling is paid reduces, the pressure in A chamber and B chamber raises, oil pressure overcomes the hydraulic pressure of nozzle needle 10 conical surfaces, nozzle needle moves to closing direction, and answer arm 7 makes throttling pay again and returns to till the state of equilibrium.

When 3, set steady moves:

This moment, the unit generation amount equated with extraneous power consumption, speed regulator is in position of rest, automatic maintenance certain clearance is paid in throttling, and the oil mass that flows into the A chamber from throttle orifice 5 equals the oil mass that sends to the compositor out through throttling in the A chamber, and nozzle needle 10 and flow diverter 12 all are in corresponding position of rest and do not interfere the jet work done.

In a word, the nozzle and the control mechanism that manufacture and design by present embodiment, just can or close in the unit removal of load at first departing from jet by transferring this device that flow diverter is cut fast automatically, the gap of paying by joint cam control throttling reduces simultaneously, the A chamber of main control valve seat and the B cavity pressure of nozzle needle seat raise, force nozzle needle slowly to move, up to replying till arm pays throttling to return to balance to closing direction.On the contrary, unit is when increasing load, control that flow diverter leaves jet and nozzle needle to opening the rear to rotation, perhaps when set steady moves, the control flow diverter leaves jet and nozzle needle is stabilized in a certain position, thus realize this direct current type nozzle and control mechanism thereof with nozzle needle and flow diverter adjustment jet diameter, depart from the multiple function of exerting oneself of jet, nozzle inflow-rate of water turbine and unit.Of the present utility model simple in structure, volume is little, is fit to form Modular units, and has the hydraulic efficiency height, and voice is little, and convenient operating maintenance is suitable for single nozzle or multi-jet impingement type hydraulic generator group and uses.

Claims

1, a kind of nozzle of impulse turbine and control mechanism thereof, it is made up of direct current type nozzle and nozzle control mechanism, it is characterized in that nozzle has one to be connected with the diversion pressure tube by nozzle pipe (8) left end, right-hand member is connected with nozzle cover (17) left end, the right serrated end of nozzle cover (17) is connected with nozzle (11) screw, fluid nozzle needle seat (16) is supported in the nozzle pipe (8) by the fluid muscle of band through hole, the endoporus of the right column casing of nozzle needle (10) and left needle shaft and nozzle needle seat (16) is slidingly connected and with seal ring (13), (15) sealing, balance spring (9) is enclosed within on the needle shaft and makes a left side, right-hand member compresses nozzle needle seat (16) and nozzle needle (10) respectively, the B chamber of nozzle needle seat (16) is by last, following muscle hole is connected with stop valve (14) with pipe (19) respectively, and by the pipe (19) be communicated with the A chamber of main control valve seat (20), needle shaft left end and hinged being rotationally connected in lower end of replying arm (7), and by replying hinged being rotationally connected in orifice plug (4) lower end of arm (7) upper end and control mechanism, the axle of flow diverter (12) is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft of automatic speed governor, flow diverter (12) is articulated and connected by the upper rocker arm of pull bar (18) with the joint cam (1) of control mechanism, thereby forms with nozzle needle and the dual adjustment jet diameter of flow diverter, the direct current type nozzles combine structure of nozzle inflow-rate of water turbine and unit output.

2; the nozzle of impulse turbine as claimed in claim 1 and control mechanism thereof; it is characterized in that the nozzle control mechanism has on the left side of a two-position four-way emergency shutdown solenoid valve (6); lower port connects pressure oil inlet pipe and oil exit pipe respectively; on the right side; lower port connect respectively main control valve seat (20) epicoele on; lower interface; and be communicated with by the C chamber of lower interface with piston (3); the upper end of the lower end of piston (3) and orifice plug (4) is formed throttling and is paid; the lower end of orifice plug (4) is articulated and connected with answer arm (7) upper end; pressure oil or press water connect the A chamber of main control valve seat (20) by throttle orifice (5); and communicate with the oil extraction lumen of main control valve seat by the endoporus of orifice plug (4); the outlet of A chamber communicates with the B chamber of nozzle needle seat (16) by pipe (19); lumen exports the oil pipe that runs in; the upper end roller of the following cam limit of joint cam (1) and plunger (2) keeps in touch; and it is suitable by cam; counter rotation is moving to be driven on the plunger; move down; flow diverter (12) rotates by pull bar (18) push-and-pull joint cam (1), moves the nozzle control structure of rotating with flow diverter thereby form the control nozzle needle.

3, as claim 1,2 described nozzle control mechanisms, it is characterized in that the throttling that the upper-end surface of the lower end surface of piston (3) and orifice plug (4) is formed pays, can adopt plane atomizer baffle-type or circular cone type, spherical formula, aciculiform formula and column type.

4, as claim 1,2 described nozzle control mechanisms, it is characterized in that emergency shutdown solenoid valve (6) can also be contained in the centre of pipe (19), when shutting down, be used to connect oil pipe.

5, the nozzle of impulse turbine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that balance spring (9) is the multi-disc belleville spring or the cylindrically coiled spring of a single effect.