CN100529386C - Multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplifying controlling method - Google Patents
Multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplifying controlling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100529386C CN100529386C CNB2006100214773A CN200610021477A CN100529386C CN 100529386 C CN100529386 C CN 100529386C CN B2006100214773 A CNB2006100214773 A CN B2006100214773A CN 200610021477 A CN200610021477 A CN 200610021477A CN 100529386 C CN100529386 C CN 100529386C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a multi-nozzle impulse turbine needle-shaped restrictive hydraulic follow-up amplification control method. It is characterized by that it includes a control loop formed from speed controller, nozzles, feedback mechanism and shutdown device to implement double regulation of spray needle and flow diverter and normal opening and closing of nozzles.
Description
Affiliated field
The present invention relates to a kind of control of multi-jet turbine, particularly the multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplification control method.
Background technique
Impulse turbine is to belong to the high head unit, comes exerting oneself of regulating and controlling hydraulic generator unit by nozzle, and is long to the diversion pressure steel tube of high head unit, the rated speed height of water turbine.For guaranteeing safe operation, to adopt multiinjector on the one hand, adjusting jet diameter size, the water wheels rotating speed is quickened, unit requires nozzle to close and wants fast when removal of load on the other hand, overrun in order to avoid produce unit, want slow, destroy diversion pressure steel tube to avoid producing water hammer but diversion pressure steel tube requires nozzle to close again.People are for solving this contradiction, adopted the method for control nozzle and flow diverter, the method of control nozzle and flow diverter has the mechanical type lever of employing, cam etc. at present, when removal of load, by flow diverter is very fast jet is departed from runner earlier, to prevent that generating unit speed from raising, the while is shut-off nozzle lentamente, rises so that diversion pressure steel tube does not produce big hydraulic pressure, but because the operation of mechanical lever etc. is complicated, easy break-down.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention promptly is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, provides a kind of cost low, and simple relatively multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplification control method is arranged in management and control.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplification control method, control loop comprises speed regulator, nozzle, feedback mechanism, nozzle mainly comprises nozzle pipe, nozzle needle, flow diverter, operating cavity, feedback tapered sleeve, it is characterized in that:
(1) control loop also comprises a joint and shutoff device, and joint is connected with speed regulator with the input control of shutoff device, and its output is connected with nozzle needle hydraulic pressure operating device;
(2) unit normally moves: when joint and shutoff device speed regulator automatically under control or the manual operation when opening direction rotates, at the nozzle needle tip under hydraulic action, nozzle needle operating cavity oil extraction (or water) pressure release, nozzle needle just moves to opening direction, simultaneously, feedback effect when nozzle needle is opened drives joint and shutoff device to nozzle needle operating cavity injection pressure oil or press water by speed regulator, so nozzle needle moves to closing direction, till the joint plate stops operating, when power consumption equates with generated energy, nozzle needle just rest on corresponding certain equilibrium position of speed regulator aperture on;
(3) nozzle needle is closed: joint and shutoff device are fast towards the speed that closing direction moves, and equate with the flow diverter closing velocity;
(4) in the unit operation during removal of load suddenly, at first flow diverter quick acting, the incision jet makes jet depart from runner,
No longer acting, nozzle needle is slowly closed simultaneously, produces water hammer pressure to prevent penstock.
Simultaneously, unit operation just often, load variations is little or slow, nozzle needle and flow diverter keep the joint relation, the flow diverter cutting edge maintains a certain distance with jet all the time, does not interfere the jet acting, mainly by the adjusting of carrying out flow of moving of nozzle needle.
Described multi-jet turbine joint and shutoff device comprise the joint plate, sliding plug, piston, piston cylinder, the throttling pin, orifice plug, oil return solenoid valve, the pressure oil solenoid valve, sliding plug, piston and piston cylinder fit together, forming two hydraulic pressure cavity is that buffer cavity and nozzle needle emergency episode are closed the chamber, buffer cavity communicates with pressure oil tank, the nozzle needle emergency episode is closed the chamber and is communicated with oil sump tank, but switching by oil return solenoid valve and pressure oil solenoid valve, buffer cavity and nozzle needle emergency episode are closed the chamber and can be connected with oil sump tank and pressure oil tank respectively, the throttling pin is provided with throttle orifice, and orifice plug constitutes nozzle needle position regulation loop by throttle orifice and nozzle needle operating cavity.
Orifice plug connects transmission arm, and transmission arm is regulated the displacement of orifice plug under the control of speed regulator.
The joint plate connects pivoted arm, and pivoted arm is under the control of speed regulator, clockwise or rotate counterclockwise the joint plate.
Working procedure of the present invention is:
Joint plate in described joint and the shutoff device, guarantee that by speed regulator the action between flow diverter and the nozzle needle keeps following joint relation: flow diverter is followed nozzle needle and is moved according to certain rules, when guaranteeing that unit normally moves, flow diverter is positioned at the jet top edges all the time, but do not contact jet, do not hinder the jet work done.
The joint plate changes the hydraulic pressure that gap between throttling pin and the orifice plug changes the nozzle needle operating cavity by piston action, the opening and closing of control nozzle needle, sliding plug, piston, cylinder and gland fit together, and forming two hydraulic pressure cavity is that buffer cavity and nozzle needle emergency episode are closed the chamber.
During normal the operation, the nozzle needle emergency episode is closed the chamber and is connected oil sump tank through oil return solenoid valve, and buffer cavity is through solenoid valve cut-in pressure fuel tank, and the pressure oil (or water) in another source is also connected the nozzle needle operating cavity through throttle orifice simultaneously.When the joint plate when (clockwise) opening direction rotates, oil pressure in the buffer cavity overcomes construction weight and surface friction drag to be made piston follow the rotation of joint plate closely and moves up, increased the gap between throttling pin and the orifice plug, so, at the nozzle needle tip under hydraulic action, nozzle needle operating cavity oil extraction (or water) pressure release, nozzle needle just moves to opening direction, simultaneously, feedback effect when nozzle needle is opened moves up orifice plug by the transmission arm of control mechanism, so throttling pin and orifice plug gap reduce, pressure oil (or water) flows into the nozzle needle operating cavity through throttle orifice, so nozzle needle moves to closing direction, till the joint plate stops operating.Equally, because the feedback effect that nozzle needle is closed, when oil extraction (or water) amount in gap between orifice plug and the throttling pin when pressure oil (or water) amount by throttle orifice equates, nozzle needle just rest on corresponding certain equilibrium position of speed regulator aperture on (power consumption equates with generated energy at this moment).Because the speed fast (equating) that the joint plate moves towards closing direction with the flow diverter closing velocity, and piston moves down speed slow (equating with the nozzle needle closing velocity), so when closing, at first be that sliding plug moves down (doing relative movement with piston) fast, with the oil pressure back pressure power fuel tank of buffer cavity, then, under the effect of oil pressure, piston continues slowly to move downwards, and therefore, the buffer cavity pressure oil of joint and shutoff device has played the oleo cushion effect.
Under accident conditions, oil circuit is switched in the solenoid valve action, and pressure oil enters the nozzle needle emergency episode and closes the chamber, and the logical oil sump tank of buffer cavity so piston breaks away from the joint plate and moves down under the oil pressure effect, is realized closing of nozzle needle.The shut-off nozzle solenoid valve can be controlled by automatic system, but the also other or remote manual control operation of machine.Under the non-accident conditions, the switch of nozzle needle is by the control of joint plate, and solenoid valve is failure to actuate.The multiinjector unit for obtaining optimal operating condition, according to above-mentioned principle, can utilize the closed electromagnetic valve portion nozzle by devices such as power relays when underrun.This shows that joint and shutoff device not only can guarantee the joint action of nozzle needle and flow diverter and the normal switch of nozzle, and, when speed regulator or ball valve are malfunctioning, can also be as emergency distributing valve use very reliably.
By top narration as can be seen, the present invention has the following advantages: select the plain edition hydrogovernor for use, cost is low, management and control is arranged simple, the intrinsic switching on and shutting down characteristic of impulse turbine realizes by joint and shutoff device fully, and this invention is applicable to that horizontal machine that capacity is less and runner diameter are less than 1.3 meters vertical machine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 control loop of the present invention
Fig. 2 joint and shutoff device structural representation
Among the figure: 1-joint plate, 2-sliding plug, 3-piston, 4-piston cylinder, 5-throttling pin, the 6-orifice plug, the 7-oil return solenoid valve, 8-pressure oil solenoid valve, the 9-buffer cavity, 10-nozzle needle emergency episode is closed the chamber, the 11-throttle orifice, 12-nozzle needle operating cavity, 13-transmission arm, 14-pivoted arm, 15-pressure oil (water) valve.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below by embodiment: as Fig. 1, the multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplification control method, control loop comprises speed regulator, nozzle, feedback mechanism, nozzle mainly comprises nozzle pipe, nozzle needle, flow diverter, operating cavity, feedback tapered sleeve, and joint and shutoff device, joint is connected with speed regulator with the input control of shutoff device, and its output is connected with nozzle needle hydraulic pressure operating device.
As Fig. 2, described multi-jet turbine joint and shutoff device comprise joint plate 1, sliding plug 2, piston 3, piston cylinder 4, throttling pin 5, orifice plug 6, oil return solenoid valve 7, pressure oil solenoid valve 8, sliding plug 2, piston 3 and piston cylinder 4 fit together, forming two hydraulic pressure cavity is that buffer cavity 9 and nozzle needle emergency episode are closed chamber 10, buffer cavity 9 communicates with pressure oil tank, the nozzle needle emergency episode is closed chamber 10 and is communicated with oil sump tank, but switching by oil return solenoid valve 7 and pressure oil solenoid valve 8, buffer cavity 9 and nozzle needle emergency episode are closed chamber 10 and can be connected with oil sump tank and pressure oil tank respectively, throttling pin 5 is provided with throttle orifice 11, orifice plug 6 constitutes nozzle needle position regulation loop by throttle orifice 11 and nozzle needle operating cavity 12, and used pressure oil is provided by pressure oil (water) valve 15.
Orifice plug 6 connects transmission arm 13, and transmission arm 13 is regulated the displacement of orifice plug 6 under the control of speed regulator.
The multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplification control method:
(1) unit operation is normal, and load variations is little or slow, and at this moment nozzle needle and flow diverter keep the joint relation, and the flow diverter cutting edge maintains a certain distance with jet all the time, does not interfere the jet work done, the main adjusting of carrying out flow of moving by nozzle needle.
(2) in the unit operation during removal of load suddenly, at first flow diverter quick acting, the incision jet, make jet depart from runner, no longer work done (the transient state speed rising value that guarantees generating unit speed is in allowed band), simultaneously nozzle needle is slowly closed, and produces water hammer pressure (same, the transient state pressure rising value that also guarantees penstock in allowed limits) to prevent penstock.The realization of this function is that the buffer function by joint and shutoff device guarantees.In addition, also be equiped with belleville spring behind the nozzle needle, in order to the water pressure of balance nozzle tip, the force characteristic that nozzle needle is opened and closed is relatively more even in the total travel scope, guarantees that the jam phenomenon does not take place nozzle needle.The design of spring force should be made careful waterpower and calculate, maximum water pressure according to nozzle tip is selected the dish spring, calculates the maximum impacting force of dish spring again, makes this power be slightly less than the maximum water pressure at nozzle needle tip, otherwise capacity causes nozzle needle not open fully, or impact force is bigger during standard-sized sheet.
When with the oil operation, the pressure oil of operation nozzle needle is from the oil gear of speed regulator, if the water operation then from the water intaking of penstock forebay, is introduced after the dual-filtering water device filters.Be to improve the reliability of hydraulic pressure place sealing, nozzle needle moves that the position is standing novel, the quality seal in three roads, and sealing has automatic compensation function, one concora crush chamber is set in the middle of the sealing, this chamber communicates with atmosphere, and pressure that can the balance two ends can be implemented effectively monitoring to the seepage situation of sealing again.
For guaranteeing that nozzle is durable in use, nozzle needle, nozzle all adopt stainless steel material to make, and handle through surface hardening, and the working surface of flow diverter answers the built-up welding stainless steel to improve the ability of its antiscour.In addition, also should consider during design under the situation of not tearing nozzle pipe and nozzle cover open, in casing, can split out whole parts such as nozzle needle, so that maintenance and replacing.
Claims (4)
1, multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplification control method, control loop comprises speed regulator, nozzle, feedback mechanism, nozzle mainly comprises nozzle pipe, nozzle needle, flow diverter, operating cavity, feedback tapered sleeve, it is characterized in that:
(1) described control loop also comprises a joint and shutoff device, described joint and shutoff device comprise joint plate (1), sliding plug (2), piston (3), piston cylinder (4), throttling pin (5), orifice plug (6), oil return solenoid valve (7), pressure oil solenoid valve (8), sliding plug (2), piston (3) and piston cylinder (4) fit together, forming two hydraulic pressure cavity is that buffer cavity (9) and nozzle needle emergency episode are closed chamber (10), buffer cavity (9) communicates with pressure oil tank, the nozzle needle emergency episode is closed chamber (10) and is communicated with oil sump tank, but switching by oil return solenoid valve (7) and pressure oil solenoid valve (8), buffer cavity (9) and nozzle needle emergency episode are closed chamber (10) and can be connected with oil sump tank and pressure oil tank respectively, throttling pin (5) is provided with throttle orifice (11), orifice plug (6) constitutes nozzle needle position regulation loop by throttle orifice (11) and nozzle needle operating cavity (12), joint is connected with speed regulator with the input control of shutoff device, and its output is connected with nozzle needle hydraulic pressure operating device;
(2) unit normally moves: when joint and shutoff device when opening direction rotates, at the nozzle needle tip under hydraulic action, nozzle needle operating cavity oil extraction (or water) pressure release, nozzle needle just moves to opening direction, simultaneously, feedback effect when nozzle needle is opened drives joint and shutoff device to nozzle needle operating cavity injection pressure oil or press water by speed regulator, so nozzle needle moves to closing direction, till the joint plate stops operating, when power consumption equates with generated energy, nozzle needle just rest on corresponding certain equilibrium position of speed regulator aperture on;
(3) nozzle needle is closed: joint and shutoff device are fast towards the speed that closing direction moves, and equate with the flow diverter closing velocity;
(4) in the unit operation during removal of load suddenly, at first flow diverter quick acting, the incision jet makes jet depart from runner, no longer acting, nozzle needle is slowly closed simultaneously, produces water hammer pressure to prevent penstock.
2, multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplification control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: unit operation just often, load variations is little or slow, nozzle needle and flow diverter keep the joint relation, the flow diverter cutting edge maintains a certain distance with jet all the time, do not interfere the jet acting, the main adjusting of carrying out flow of moving by nozzle needle.
3, multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplification control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: orifice plug (6) connects transmission arm (13), and transmission arm (13) is regulated the displacement of orifice plug (6) under the control of speed regulator.
4, multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplification control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: joint plate (1) connects pivoted arm (14), pivoted arm (14) is under the control of speed regulator, clockwise or rotate counterclockwise joint plate (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100214773A CN100529386C (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2006-07-28 | Multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplifying controlling method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100214773A CN100529386C (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2006-07-28 | Multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplifying controlling method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1888419A CN1888419A (en) | 2007-01-03 |
| CN100529386C true CN100529386C (en) | 2009-08-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100214773A Expired - Fee Related CN100529386C (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2006-07-28 | Multi-nozzle impact type turbine needle shape throttling hydraulic follow-up amplifying controlling method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100529386C (en) |
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| CN1888419A (en) | 2007-01-03 |
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Owner name: DEC DONGFENG ELECTRIC MACHINERY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME: DONGFENG MOTOR FACTORY CO., LTD., SICHUAN |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 614802 Sichuan city of Leshan Province East Electric Group Dongfeng Motor Co., Wutongqiao District Patentee after: DEC Dongfeng Electric Machinery Co., Ltd. Address before: Leshan City, Sichuan province Wutongqiao District 614802 Sichuan Dongfeng Motor Factory Co Ltd Patentee before: Dongfeng Motor Factory Co., Ltd., Sichuan |
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| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090819 Termination date: 20130728 |