CN2219999Y

CN2219999Y - Spring constant force device

Info

Publication number: CN2219999Y
Application number: CN 93247528
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金佩峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-12-14
Filing date: 1993-12-14
Publication date: 1996-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2003-12-14

Abstract

The utility model relates to a spring constant force device used as a servo-actuated constant force supporting device for heating pipe line equipment. The utility model can also be used as a balancing device for maintaining constant tension for wide span flexible cables, such as wire ropes, cables, etc. The utility model is characterized in that a spring in an energy storage part is provided with a stable work bearing surface; the spring can correctly deform along the axial direction without radial shift by matching with a spherical washer pair; a motion converting part of the spring constant force device can cause the moment of the energy storage part to be changed into constant force, and cause a spring pull rod, a load pull rod and an outer pulley to do straight-ahead travel. The utility model has the advantages of novel and compact structure, small size and light weight, and belongs to the field of mechanical engineering.

Description

The novel spring constant force device

The utility model belongs to mechanical engineering field.

The utility model relates to a kind of novel constant force device that is used to support facilities such as heat distribution pipeline equipment and the gentle rope of long span.In order to keep the heat distribution pipeline equipment can be under the constant force supporting and free displacement with expanding with heat and contract with cold.Also can be used for hanging the gentle rope of long span with its tension force of balance with temperature change.

The known belleville spring constant force device that is used to support heat distribution pipeline, because when the rotation motion of its motion changes the straight line motion of spring pull bar into, its axially directed fitting surface short with and motion can not guarantee that the motion of spring pull bar is vertical with the belleville spring end face; Main is because the A type dish spring of the standard of employing, rely on line contact with line between reed and the reed and carry out assembling (referring to accompanying drawing 10), easily produce radial slippage and cause unstability and push guiding element when stress deformation, generation rubs, loss of energy reduces energy storage efficiency.The rotation motion of its slewing frame makes supported material also produces substantially horizontal in the lifting displacement skew on the other hand, and this is disadvantageous to supported material in some cases.Has the shortcoming of above-mentioned belleville spring job insecurity equally at known " the permanent tension force disc spring compensator of contact nets in electrified railways " that is used for aspect the gentle rope of long span.This kind compensator has adopted twofold motion mechanism for making supported material obtain straight-line displacement in addition, and obviously its organizational overlapping, friction pair increase, and weight strengthens, and is totally unfavorable in the aerial use of height.(referring to accompanying drawing 9)

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of novel spring constant force device, its spring stable working, and energy stored can make full use of; Its motion can make supported material obtain straight-line displacement and the overall structure simplification, applicable to the supporting of heat distribution pipeline and the suspension of the gentle rope of long distance.

The utility model is taked following technological scheme: adopt a kind of new structure spring, has stable work supporting surface, suitably the guiding fitting surface of lengthening spring pull bar is provided with the stressed even of spherical washer collateral card spring, makes it can not produce radial slippage when axial deformation.Design the needs of two kinds of different displacement converted mechanisms simultaneously with the straight-line displacement that is adapted to heat distribution pipeline and gentle rope.

With drawings and Examples structure of the present utility model is given a detailed account below.

Description of drawings Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model, be one of embodiment Fig. 2 for mark 3 in the movement conversion mechanism of Fig. 1 is the direction of slewing frame 12 suffered each power and the mark of relevant angle are illustrated with 10～17 having turned over the later key plan in φ=θ ° of angle (this

moment

11 and 14 liang of lines of centres and horizontal angle theta=0 °) Fig. 3, dotted line shows that slewing frame turns over the position of respective aperture behind the φ angle.Receive direction spring force P7 to the right at pull bar axis hole place.The principle schematic that Fig. 4 adopts constant force device figure Fig. 6,7,8 of a kind of new structure belleville spring to be in contact with one another for the disc spring film of the constant disc spring compensator of known technology for structural drawing Figure 10 of a kind of constant disc spring compensator of known technology for deformation process analysis chart Fig. 9 of new structure belleville spring for displacement converted mechanism figure Fig. 5 of three of embodiment for embodiment's two

As seen from Figure 1, this novel spring constant force device is by frame 1, energy storage component 2～9, and movement conversion parts 10～18 constitute.In energy storage component, 2 is the garden annular spring, it and

spacer ring

4 and 5, at interval polyphone in groups, by

spherical washer pair

6,7, nut 8, spring pull bar 3 are formed energy storage components; In the movement conversion parts, slewing frame 12 links with the main shaft 11 that is fixed on the frame 1, it can be around main shaft 11 revolutions, displacement conversion frame 15 (being made up of two block plates) links also and can rotate around axle 14 with the load axle 14 that is fixed on the slewing frame 12, on displacement conversion frame 15, be provided with a pair of displacement roller 13 and roller shaft, the transverse arm of T shape load pull bar 17 then places above two rollers 13, and two rollers, 16 restricted T shape load pull bars are done moving of Vertical direction.18 is the degree of tightness nut, and there is tapped hole its lower end, and in order to link with supported material, movement conversion parts and energy storage component are then linked by spring pull bar 3, and spring pull bar 3 links with the pull rod shaft 10 that is fixed on the slewing frame with the elongated slot of its end.Above-mentioned two big parts then are fixed on the inverted U-shaped frame 1 that is made of two risers and transverse slat (referring to its vertical sectional shape) with guide plate 9 and main shaft 11, and its working principle is as follows:

Frame 1 is fixed on the girder steel of working site, supported material links with screw rod and degree of tightness nut 18, load pull bar 17 just is subjected to the stretching action of loading force Pz at this moment, Pz passes on the load axle 14 by displacement converted

mechanism

13,15 grades, thereby can promote the slewing frame rotation, 10 of pull rod shaft are rotated synchronously, drive spring pull bar 3 thus and move vertically, pull rod shaft 10 can move along the elongated slot of spring tie rod end in the rotating while, thereby realized the conversion of motion.Loading force Pz is passed to by pull rod shaft 10, spring pull bar 3, nut 8,

spherical washer pair

6,7, spacer ring 4 and makes spring sheet produce axial deformation on the spring lamination.Made its compressive strain contain energy earlier owing to spring sheet need give by design in when assembling, the spring torque that this energy produced just in time balances each other with the load moment of supported material.Its equilibrium equation is:

Pzlcos(θ－φ)＝P _TR。Angle of revolution φ and spring force P in the cos φ formula _TBe variable.Suitably preferred P _T, l, R., all values of θ can make supported material obtain certain constant force in full displacement process.First feature of this device is that above-mentioned garden annular spring is a slice garden cyclic spring flat board, and it machines later in heat treatment on two planes up and down, thereby obtains accurate supporting plane, and the contact stabilization when guaranteeing its work is reliable.The power P of garden annular spring _TWith the pass of amount of deformation f be: f=P _TR ²/ (KEt ²), K=[0.5514 (C ²-1)/C ²+ 1.614 (1nC) ²/ (C ²-1)] ^-1

C=outer radius R/ inside radius r, t=reed thickness

Second feature of this device is that the pilot hole that is provided with lengthening on guide plate 9 cooperates with spring pull bar 3 and makes it have reliable line when mobile with spherical washer collateral card.The 3rd feature of this device is above-mentioned displacement converted mechanism, it by piece number 15,13 (and roller shaft) cooperate with T shape load pull bar form a kind of novelty change garden Zhou Yundong into straight-line mechanism.It is characterized in that when producing displacement behind the T shape pull bar stand under load, drive slewing frame 12 and rotate around main shaft 11,

piece number

14,15,17 is rotation synchronously all.Because the vertical part of T shape pull bar 17 is subject to piece number 16, only can move along the vertical direction, the transverse arm of T shape pull bar then forms sliding pair with two displacement rollers, allow displacement roller 13 along about the lower surface of the transverse arm of T shape pull bar, to move back and forth, thereby realize garden Zhou Yundong and straight-line conversion, eliminated the skew in the horizontal direction of load thing, the feature of this mechanism is except the conversion of finishing motion, guaranteed the conversion of power simultaneously, the transverse arm of T shape pull bar is given two displacement rollers with load distribution, change along with relative position, two component on the roller are also in continuous variation, yet pass to the equal and opposite in direction (frictional force is disregarded) with load of making a concerted effort then all the time on the load axle 14, thereby keep above-mentioned torque equilibrium equation constant.

Embodiment's two, present embodiment is to change another kind of spring on the basis of precedent structure, and cancellation spacer ring 4,5 (seeing accompanying drawing 5)

The major character of present embodiment is for adopting a kind of new structure belleville spring 2, this new structure belleville spring is when free state, descending both ends of the surface respectively to process width thereon is b, the inclination angle is the plane of inclination of α 1, see accompanying drawing 6, this plane of inclination machines later in heat treatment process, when energy storage component assembles, the high h1 of inner cone of dish spring given be pressed onto h2, this moment, inclination alpha 1 changed α 2 into, and α 2=0, see accompanying drawing 7, belleville spring all was in and treated working state this moment, and all surface of contact all are plane contact, all planes all be subjected to about 2700kgf above give impacting force (this value be used for pipe-supporting minimum constant force device give pressure) make belleville spring be in firm impaction state.When new structure dish spring by giving pressure condition when being transferred to working state, h2 and φ 2 values reduce gradually, the high h2 of its inner cone becomes h3 when working at the end, interior cone angle φ 2 becomes φ 3, inclination alpha 2 then becomes

α

3, and 3=2.8 ° of α 3 ≈ φ 2-φ, sees accompanying drawing 8, the derivation of α 3 values is according to following various: new structure dish spring adopts 1≤7 ° of φ, according to giving compressive strain amount f _Min=0.35h1, maximum functional amount of deformation f _Max=0,75h1 calculates, h2=h1-f _Min=0.65h1, h3=h1-f _Max=0.25h1, through derive φ 2 ≈ 0.65 φ 1, φ 3 ≈ 0.25

φ

1,3=2.8 ° of ∴ α 3 ≈ φ 2-φ.Result of calculation shows that each supporting plane begins to rotate to some extent when work, when working at the end, its maximum rotation angle is approximately 2.8 °.When width of supporting surface b=3mm, the slit of dish spring outer rim opening is about Δ≤0.15mm.This moment, belleville spring was in the critical glide state, and belleville spring will produce radial slippage power P _BC, can get by accompanying drawing 8:

Radial slippage power P _BC=Psin α 3=0.05P

Normal pressure P _AC=Pcos α 3=0.999P

Normal pressure is P with the ratio of radial slippage power _AC/ P _BC＞so even 20:1 new structure belleville spring is when work end of a period state, and its supporting surface is still very stable, can not produce radial slippage.Can derive by above-mentioned each relation: the inclination alpha of new structure dish bullet ₁Value be α ₁≈ φ ₁-φ ₂≈ 0.35 φ ₁, and ratio s＜0.5 of inner cone height and thickness t, amount of deformation f ≈ 0.75h1.

Embodiment's three

The major character of present embodiment is that displacement converted mechanism is different with precedent, all the other structures are then identical, see accompanying drawing 4, the displacement converted mechanism of present embodiment mainly is made of interior pulley 19, wire rope 20 (2), outer pulley 21, joint 22 (3), support 23.The working principle of this mechanism is, when the load thing moves down, drives outer pulley 21 and moves along the guide groove of support 23, and power is reached load axle 14 by wire rope 20, interior pulley 19, realizes the conversion of motion and moment by the rotating locus of load axle 14.Present embodiment is characterised in that the collocation by inside and outside two movable pulleys, both can realize the straight-line displacement of load thing, has greatly enlarged displacement stroke again, makes displacement stroke reach original 4 times, and present embodiment is specially adapted to the suspension of the gentle rope of long span.For example the electric railway overhead contact line reaches about 1800M, requires the displacement amount up 1300mm of tensioning, because at aerial suspension, very responsive to deadweight.Its overall deadweight of constant force device of using this routine structural design is about 1/2nd of known technology deadweight.

Claims

1, a kind of novel spring constant force device mainly is made of energy storage component and movement conversion parts two-part, and energy storage component comprises spring sheet (2), spring pull bar (3), spacer ring (4), (5), spherical washer (6), (7), nut 8; The movement conversion parts are made of pull rod shaft (10), main shaft (11), slewing frame (12), load axle (14) and displacement converted mechanism; Wherein displacement converted mechanism is respectively by the displacement conversion frame (15) that is used for pipe-supporting, displacement roller (13), limited roller (16), T shape load pull bar (17), degree of tightness nut (18) and be used for interior pulley (19), wire rope (20), outer pulley (21), joint (22), support (23) that gentle rope hangs and constitute, and this device is characterised in that:

(1) spring sheet has accurate supporting plane, and contact stabilization is reliable when guaranteeing work;

(2) have the guiding fitting surface of lengthening between spring pull bar (3) and the guide plate (9), an end of spring pull bar is provided with and guarantees the vertical spherical washer of load, guarantees the linarity of spring pull bar motion;

(3) novel structure of displacement converted mechanism, compactness, it cooperates with slewing frame, [is Pzlcos (θ-φ)=P when keeping load moment and spring torque balance _TR.Cos φ] can effectively the horizontal offset of rotation motion be eliminated, and obtain sufficient vertical displacement.

2, novel spring constant force device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described spring sheet can adopt a kind of garden annular spring, and it is a slice garden cyclic spring flat board, its major parameter is outer radius R, inside radius r, C=R/r, the pass of its load p T and amount of deformation f is f=P _TR ²/ (KEt ²), K=[0.5514 (C ²-1)/C ²+ 1.614 (1nC) ²/ (C ²-1)] ^-1

3, novel spring constant force device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described spring sheet can adopt a kind of new structure belleville spring, its parameter is the high h1 of inner cone and ratio S＜0.9 of thickness t, amount of deformation f ≈ 0.75h1, supporting surface inclination alpha 1 ≈ Φ 1-Φ 2.

4, novel spring constant force device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the vertical part of the T shape load pull bar in the described displacement converted mechanism is limited between two limited rollers (16) for vertical movement.

5, novel spring constant force device according to claim 1 is characterized in that outer pulley (21) in the described displacement converted mechanism is that inside groove with support (23) is a guiding and for vertical movement.