CN2218770Y

CN2218770Y - Solar energy air water-making device

Info

Publication number: CN2218770Y
Application number: CN 94209217
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侴乔力; 苏跃红; 葛新石
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-04-13
Filing date: 1994-04-13
Publication date: 1996-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2004-04-13

Abstract

The utility model which is composed of a water taking device and a solar energy light concentrating cover provides a solar energy air water-making device. The water taking device comprises a light transmission cover or a heat absorption wall, an adsorbent bed, an air-cooled condenser or a phase change cool-storage condenser, a water storage device, water taking pipe lines, etc. The heat absorption wall can replace the light transmission cover, and the air-cooled condenser can replace the phase change cool-storage condenser or both the air-cooled condenser and the phase change cool-storage condenser work simultaneously. The utility model realizes the conversion and collection of the water vapor in the air towards the condensed freshwater, which solves the problem of obtaining freshwater in the sea and desert areas. The utility model which only utilizes wind energy and solar energy to work as power avoids various difficulties caused by the transportation of the freshwater.

Description

Solar energy device for fetching water from air

The utility model relates to the technical field of obtaining of fresh water.

The overwhelming majority of earth surface is covered by ocean and desert, and human activity in these two areas is along with the development of society is more and more important.But,, guarantee that water supply is picking out earlier of its all activities for people in ocean and desert area activity.This is so for the resident in those islands and desert not only, and is engaged in the people of frequent day by day oil development, communications and transportation, military activity and scientific exploration for those, and is all the more so.Like this, how to obtain fresh water, just become human common concern in ocean and desert area, and the problem of still needing and solving.

The purpose of this utility model be to provide a kind of can be in the ocean, the area of desert and other lack of water, utilize wind energy and solar energy as power, and from air, obtain the solar energy device for fetching water from air of fresh water.

Tellurian water is with vapour, liquid, solid ternary and deposit, because the effect of terrestrial gravitation and solar radiant heat, the migration and ternary conversion of causing water on the earth; This has just caused atmosphere to become the terminal of water circulation forever.According to the conservation of mass of the water yield, along with the rising of air themperature, when surface water capacity reduced because of evaporation, airborne absolute moisture content was but increasing; Therefore, under the situation that does not have face of land water source of fresh water, air has just become us to obtain the source of fresh water.Airborne water vapour is become the fresh water of condensed state, is exactly basic design of the present utility model, and the utility model comprises water fetching device and Salar light-gathering cover.Water fetching device is placed on the support above the Salar light-gathering cover.Said water fetching device is made of diffuser or the wall that absorbs heat, the adsorbent bed that is placed with adsorbent, air-cooled condenser or phase change cold-storage condenser, water storing vessel and water intaking pipeline etc.Diffuser can be replaced by the heat absorption wall, and the heat absorption wall is the glass-vacuum tube in metal barrel or a kind of solar water heater; For improving solar energy heating efficient, heat absorption wall external surface scribbles spectrum selective paint.The phase change cold-storage condenser can be worked simultaneously by air-cooled condenser replacement or both, and condenser is the container that includes vertical or inclined wall.At night, especially desert area, temperature is lower, and relative humidity is higher; At this moment, the adsorbent bed taking-up is exposed in the surrounding air, utilizes natural wind that adsorbent bed is adsorbed airborne water vapour; To daytime, adsorbent bed is sealed in the water fetching device, utilize the solar energy heating adsorbent bed, make the water vapour desorption; When the water vapour behind desorption contact is lower than the air-cooled condenser of its dewpoint temperature or phase change cold-storage condenser wall, just condense thereon, become water droplet and flow into water storing vessel.

The available convex lens of Salar light-gathering cover replace.According to the form of Salar light-gathering cover, thereby the utility model also can comprise Salar light-gathering tracking system and or the mechanical system of control water fetching device lifting carrying out desorption heat scan.In addition, thermophore absorbs the solar energy that is focused in the middle of can also using, and then removes to add heat-adsorbent.

The used adsorbent of the utility model can select that silica gel, zeolite etc. are various to have than high absorption property and nontoxic material for use.Adsorbent bed is the container made from wire gauze., also absorbent particles can be divided in a plurality of wire netting balls when thicker when adsorbent bed, be assembled into a big adsorbent bed again, to reduce the circulating resistance of steam.Phase-change material in the phase change cold-storage condenser is selected the bigger material of latent heat of phase change for use, and its freezing point is near locality average temperature round the clock.For satisfying different regions and requirements of different seasons, every solar energy device for fetching water from air can prepare the phase change cold-storage condenser that two to three kinds of is filled and presented by different phase-change materials.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further described.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the solar energy device for fetching water from air schematic diagram in conjunction with the plate-like parabolic lens.

Fig. 2 is a water fetching device schematic diagram among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the moisture equilibrium at dry side figure of various adsorbents.

Isobaric adsorption curve figure when Fig. 4 is silica gel absorption water.

Fig. 5 is the solar energy device for fetching water from air schematic diagram in conjunction with the column parabolic lens.1-water fetching device among the figure, 2-Salar light-gathering cover, 3-water fetching device support, 4-Salar light-gathering cover stent, 5-diffuser or heat absorption wall, 6-adsorbent, 7-adsorbent bed, 8-adsorbent bed support, 9-water storing vessel, 10-intake pipe, 11-gate, 12-condensate water, 13-sealing ring, 14-pressure ring, 15-snap close, 16-condenser, 17-seal cover, 18-wire netting ball.

Embodiment 1 as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Adopt the plate-like parabolic lens 2 of long 2m, wide 1.5m, the focal plane is the circle of diameter 0.2m, the profile of water fetching device 1 is the cylinder of diameter 0.24m, high 0.5m, is positioned on the focal plane of plate-like parabolic lens 2, and adsorbent bed 7 is the ring cylinder of external diameter 0.2m, internal diameter 0.03m, high 0.4m.In order to make adsorbent bed 7 obtain solar energy as much as possible, can adopt the quartz glass making diffuser 5 higher and lower to low temperature long-wave radiation transmitance to solar transmittance.Adsorbent bed 7 is central column containers of being made by stainless steel cloth, in put particle silica gel adsorbent 6.Water storing vessel 9 is the canister of outer plating polished aluminum film.8 rivetings of adsorbent bed support on the inwall of water storing vessel 9, on prop up adsorbent bed 7.In order to guarantee that silica gel absorber reaches the required temperature of water desorption, adopt the Salar light-gathering cover 2 of plate-like parabolic minute surface, and make the optically focused focal plane be positioned at adsorbent bed 7.During water intaking gate 11 is opened, the condensate water 12 in the water storing vessel 9 just flows out through intake pipe 10.During high temperature Fast Heating desorption, leak outside, can adopt sealing ring 13, pressure ring 14 and snap close 15 etc. that water fetching device is sealed for preventing pressure rising back water vapour.Also double as air-cooled condenser 16 of diffuser 5 in the present embodiment, because its absorptivity to visible light is lower, so air just can be taken away the water recovery heat of cover internal face when outside the cover flowing through.

Because natural wind action, adsorbent bed constantly carries out the wet exchange of heat with a large amount of air at All Through The Night; Therefore, though the water capacity in every cubic metres of air is not very high,, be enough to make adsorbent to reach or near saturation state through the absorption at a night.Still be the area, ocean in the desert no matter, the temperature of night air is lower, thereby relative humidity is higher, concerning based on the adsorption process of the solar energy device for fetching water from air of temperature difference absorption principle, is very favorable like this.7.2Kg silica gel is housed in the present embodiment adsorbent bed, and the relative humidity of supposing night air is 60%, and can find its water absorption rate from accompanying drawing 3 is 30%; So when saturated, the water absorption of this adsorbent bed is 2.2Kg.

For silica gel absorber, water desorption is temperature required to be about 100 ℃, and solar constant is 1KW/m ²So the solar energy that was absorbed in 2 hours is enough to satisfy the requirement of desorption institute calorific requirement.Because during regeneration, water fetching device seals, the continuous desorption of moisture content has caused the confined space absolute moisture content to rise suddenly, and its corresponding dewpoint temperature is greatly improved; Therefore as long as the surface temperature of air-cooled condenser (being diffuser in the present embodiment) is lower than the dewpoint temperature of air in the confined space, then this airborne moisture content will constantly condense at the condenser inner surface, and flows under the influence of gravity into water storing vessel.When desorption temperature was 150 ℃, by accompanying drawing 4 as seen, the saturated moisture content adsorbance of silica gel was about 5%, and this moment, the water content of this adsorbent bed was 0.36Kg, so a water withdrawal of solar energy device for fetching water from air is 1.84Kg.The Salar light-gathering cover 2 of present embodiment can guarantee to make successively every day 5 adsorbent bed 7 desorptions of filling 7.5Kg silica gel to fetch water, so can produce fresh water 9.2Kg its every day.Need to prove: if night, wind speed was lower, perhaps because adsorbent is impure, make that adsorbance does not reach capacity after the All Through The Night, then water withdrawal will decrease.If silica gel is in the adsorbance of All Through The Night 50% of the adsorbance that only reaches capacity, water withdrawal round the clock of then above-mentioned solar energy device for fetching water from air will be 4.0Kg, rather than 9.2Kg.

Embodiment 2 as shown in Figure 5.Adopt the column parabolic lens 2 of long 2m, wide 1m, its focal length is 0.5m, focuses on than being 10 the long 2m in focal plane, wide 0.1m.The cylindric adsorbent bed 7 of diameter 0.1m, long 2m is placed in the diffuser 5 of diameter 0.12m, long 2m, and is positioned on the focal plane of column parabolic lens 2.8.8Kg adsorb saturated zeolite adsorbents 6 by solar energy heating and after beginning desorption, water vapour condenses at the inwall of diffuser 5, condensate water flows under the influence of gravity into bottom water storing vessel 9.Synthetic zeolite can reach 25-30% to the saturated extent of adsorption of water vapour, when the heating-up temperature of adsorbent bed 7 is 200 ℃, when cooling air temperature is 40 ℃, desorption rate reaches 15%, the Salar light-gathering cover 2 of present embodiment can guarantee to make successively every day 4 adsorbent bed 7 desorptions of filling the 8.8Kg zeolite to fetch water, and therefore above-mentioned solar energy device for fetching water from air diel can be produced the fresh water of 5.2Kg.

Embodiment 3 as shown in Figure 6.Compare with embodiment 2, diffuser 5 is replaced by metal barrel heat absorption wall 5, air-cooled condenser 16 also is the metal barrel, between adsorbent bed 7 and water storing vessel 9, the water vapour that desorption comes out condenses on the inwall of air-cooled condenser 16, and flow under the influence of gravity in the water storing vessel 9, all the other structures, size and embodiment 2 are similar.The present embodiment diel can be produced 5.1kg fresh water.

Embodiment 4 as shown in Figure 7.Compare with embodiment 2, diffuser 5 is replaced by the heat absorption of the glass-vacuum tube in solar water heater wall 5, air-cooled condenser 16 is replaced by phase change cold-storage condenser 16, fill phase-change material for cold storage in the interlayer of phase change cold-storage condenser, be connected by sealing ring 13 between glass-vacuum tube 5 and the phase change cold-storage condenser 16, all the other structures and embodiment 2 are similar.

The utility model has been realized the conversion of airborne water vapour to condensed state fresh water, has solved the problem of obtaining fresh water in ocean and desert area.The utility model utilizes wind energy to adsorb and condensation, utilizes solar energy to carry out desorption, just can avoid because the great difficulty that transport fresh water is brought by obtaining fresh water for the cycle from air round the clock.

Claims

1. solar energy device for fetching water from air, comprise water fetching device [1], Salar light-gathering cover [2], water fetching device [1] is placed on the top water fetching device support [3] of Salar light-gathering cover [2], said water fetching device [1] is made of diffuser [5], adsorbent bed [7], adsorbent bed support [8], water storing vessel [9], intake pipe [10], valve [11], phase change cold-storage condenser [16] and other seal member, adsorbent bed support [8] is fixed in the water storing vessel [9], support adsorbent bed [7], diffuser [5] covers on the water storing vessel [9]; It is characterized in that diffuser [5] can be by heat absorption wall [5] replacement, heat absorption wall [5] is the glass-vacuum tube in metal barrel or a kind of solar water heater, and heat absorption wall external surface scribbles spectrum selective paint.

2. device for fetching water from as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that phase change cold-storage condenser [16] can be replaced or both work simultaneously by air-cooled condenser [16], and condenser [16] is for including the container of vertical or inclined wall.

3. device for fetching water from as claimed in claim 1, its feature also can be divided in earlier in the wire netting ball [18] at dried adsorbent [6], more many wire netting balls [18] is put into adsorbent bed [7].