CN100400755C - Apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration - Google Patents
Apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration Download PDFInfo
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- CN100400755C CN100400755C CNB2006100130852A CN200610013085A CN100400755C CN 100400755 C CN100400755 C CN 100400755C CN B2006100130852 A CNB2006100130852 A CN B2006100130852A CN 200610013085 A CN200610013085 A CN 200610013085A CN 100400755 C CN100400755 C CN 100400755C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an intermittent solar energy adsorption refrigeration air water intake apparatus. The present invention aims to provide the air water intake apparatus which has the advantages of simple structure, stable system operation, low product cost and no need of electric power and manpower operation. An absorption bed and a surface heat exchanger in the apparatus are connected by pipelines. A pressure adjuster is arranged between the absorption bed and the surface heat exchanger. The lower end of the surface heat exchanger is provided with a water collector. The air water intake apparatus of the present invention uses the surface heat exchanger with fins instead a condenser and an evaporator. The surface heat exchanger performs the function of the condenser at the time of absorption in daylight and performs the function of the evaporator at the time of absorption at night. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, low product cost and stable product operation. Absorption materials are not directly contacted with air to avoid the blocking problem of the absorption materials because particles enter the absorption materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of from air, fetching water, in particular, relate to a kind of device of from air, fetching water that utilizes solar energy to adopt adsorptive refrigeration technology to realize.
Background technology
The scarcity of water resources in china has become the bottleneck of economic development, and for some areas, the acquisition of water has become very thing, particularly hinterland or the island of difficulty, and fresh water is precious more.And the atmosphere water content is very abundant, even also quite abundant at the content of western China or desert area water in air steam.So adopt to make the environment that is lower than the air dew point temperature, allow airborne hydrogenesis and produce fresh water and become the main research contents that current fresh water is produced.
Number of patent application is 01102862.9, and denomination of invention by the evaporator condensation in the kind of refrigeration cycle, makes airborne moisture for the patent documentation of " machine of fetching water from air " proposes to utilize the electric-driven refrigerating machine when reaching dew point, condenses into water.Collect moisture wherein, filter and store.Problems such as this patent of invention has solved the problem of fetching water in the air, but because this method needs kind of refrigeration cycle that refrigeration is provided, and causes the running cost height, and efficiency of producing drinking water is low.For the outlying district, the supply of electric energy also is very difficult in addition.
Number of patent application is 01113489.5, and denomination of invention proposes to utilize moisture in the absorption working pair absorbed air in the adsorbent bed for the patent documentation of " solar energy adsorption type air moisture drawing mechanism ", utilizes daytime the radiation effects of the sun to carry out the desorption of absorption working pair.The moisture that desorption comes out enters in the condenser, is condensed into aqueous water discharge the latent heat of vaporization in condenser after, enters in the water receiver after purifying.This patent of invention has solved the problem of utilizing the moisture in the sorbing material absorbed air.But because the sorbing material in this method contacts with air, the impurity in the middle of the air can stop up the screen pack of adsorbent bed inlet.The continuous running of the system of giving brings inconvenience.
The patent No. is 01102877.7, and denomination of invention has been described a kind of device that utilizes the absorption type refrigerating principle to fetch water that has the Salar light-gathering cover for the patent documentation of " adsorption-type solar water generator with air as raw material " from air.Mainly solve and lack even air flue in the adsorbent bed and cause hot-spot, thereby reduce the problem of collecting efficiency.But the systemic circulation mode is mainly still utilized the moisture in the absorbed air, realizes the purpose of catchmenting.The mode of this patent and application for a patent for invention number 01113489.5 is the same, and sorbing material is exposed in the air.And can accumulate in by the fine particle of screen pack in the hole of sorbing material, finally can cause the obstruction of sorbing material.In addition, this patent has been described this kind device for fetching water from air also needs daytime that diffuser is closed, and diffuser need be opened during evening system water.The manually-operated system of this kind needs makes and installs, moves all complicated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome weak point of the prior art, to provide a kind of simple in structure, and system is stable, and the product cost is low, without any need for electric power and manually-operated apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration is characterized in that, comprises adsorbent bed, surface exchanger, pressure regulator and water collector; Described adsorbent bed is connected with pipeline with surface exchanger, and between described adsorbent bed and surface exchanger pressure regulator is set, and the lower end of described surface exchanger is provided with water collector.
Described adsorbent bed is by the adsorbent bed body and meet that desorption goes out absorption working pair when hot, meet and adsorb into the sorbing material of absorption working pair when cold and form, described adsorbent bed body is the casing of a sealing, its one side that receives solar radiation is a light transmissive material, in the adsorbent bed body, be provided with uniform gas-permeable channels, be provided with absorption working pair at the back side of adsorbent bed body and import and export; Be provided with in the described surface exchanger can phase transformation absorption working pair, it is right that described absorption working pair and sorbing material constitute absorption, the top of described surface exchanger is provided with absorption working pair and imports and exports; The absorption working pair import and export of described adsorbent bed body and the absorption working pair of surface exchanger are provided with pressure regulator between importing and exporting; Described pressure regulator is made up of to the thermal regulating valve that adsorbent bed flows surface exchanger to one way valve and control absorption working pair that surface exchanger flows adsorbent bed the control absorption working pair that is connected in parallel, and the temperature pick up of described thermal regulating valve (being the temperature-sensitive point) is arranged on the external surface of surface exchanger.
The surface of described surface exchanger is the hydrophobic processing layer.
Described sorbing material and absorption working pair are respectively active carbon-methyl alcohol, zeolite-water, silica gel-water, metal hydride-hydrogen, calcium chloride-ammonia, aluminium chloride-ammonia, active carbon-ethanol, NACF-methyl alcohol.
The present invention has following technique effect:
1. apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration of the present invention is in traditional absorption type refrigerating circulation, replace condenser and evaporimeter with finned surface exchanger, daytime, surface exchanger played the condenser effect during desorption, and surface exchanger played the evaporimeter effect when adsorbed evening.Simple in structure, the product cost is low.
2. sorbing material does not directly contact with air, the problem of having avoided sorbing material to result in blockage because of entering of molecule, and product is stable.
3. between the pipeline that connects adsorbent bed and surface exchanger, pressure regulator is housed, can be according to working as the evaporating temperature that ground temperature and air humidity play absorption working pair in the control surface heat exchanger, allow the central steam of air reach dewpoint temperature and to condense in the surface exchanger external surface, do not need electric power and manually-operated, help the outlying district and use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration.
Among the figure: 1-adsorbent bed, 2-pressure regulator, 3-surface exchanger, 4-water collector.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments to the detailed description of the invention.
The structural representation of apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration of the present invention comprises adsorbent bed 1, surface exchanger 3, pressure regulator 2 and water collector 4 referring to Fig. 1.Adsorbent bed 1 is connected with surface exchanger 3 usefulness pipelines, and in the middle of adsorbent bed 1 and surface exchanger 3 pressure regulator 2 is set, and the lower end of surface exchanger is provided with water collector 4, and the moisture that system freeze-outs from air is collected in the water collector 4.
Adsorbent bed 1 of the present invention is made up of adsorbent bed body and sorbing material.Described adsorbent bed body is the casing of a sealing, is generally made by printing opacity or non-light transmissive material, and having only the one side that receives solar radiation is light transmissive material, as glass etc., purpose is to form a solar receiver, and solar radiant heat is adsorbed material and absorbs, and makes sorbing material desorption wherein.In the adsorbent bed body, be provided with uniform gas-permeable channels, be provided with absorption working pair at the back side of adsorbent bed body and import and export.Sorbing material is wherein formed by porous mass solid or liquid manufacturing, is characterized in meeting that desorption goes out absorption working pair when hot, meets to adsorb into absorption working pair when cold.Absorption type refrigerating has dual mode, and a kind of is physical absorption, as molecular sieve adsorption water, and molecular sieve adsorption methyl alcohol etc.Another kind is a chemisorbed, as the calcium chloride adsorb ammonia.The sorbing material that absorption type refrigerating is commonly used has zeolite, active carbon, silica gel, alumina etc.
Be provided with in the described surface exchanger 3 can phase transformation absorption working pair, it is right that described absorption working pair and sorbing material constitute absorption.The top of surface exchanger is provided with absorption working pair and imports and exports.The shape of surface exchanger mainly is to utilize big characteristics of surface area and air to carry out heat exchange as the outdoor condenser of domestic air conditioning.The characteristics of surface exchanger 3 are: when internal working medium produces evaporative phase-change, utilize its surface that the heat in the outside air is delivered in the inner working medium; When internal working medium produces the condensation phase transformation, utilize its surface that the heat in the internal working medium is delivered in the outside air.The making of surface exchanger 3 can be the form of copper pipe road band aluminium fin form or other pipeline and other increase heat exchange area.For strengthening the water intaking effect, the surface of surface exchanger 3 can be done hydrophobic and be handled, and the surface of surface exchanger is the hydrophobic processing layer, so that make the moisture that freeze-outs fall into water collector 4 as early as possible.
Between importing and exporting absorption working pair import and export with surface exchanger, the absorption working pair of adsorbent bed body is provided with pressure regulator 2.Pressure regulator is made up of to the thermal regulating valve that adsorbent bed flows surface exchanger to one way valve and control absorption working pair that surface exchanger flows adsorbent bed the control absorption working pair that is connected in parallel, thermal regulating valve is a heating power expansion valve commonly used in the refrigeration system, is prior art.The temperature pick up of thermal regulating valve (being the temperature-sensitive point) is arranged on the external surface of surface exchanger, and the temperature on surface is controlled the open degree of thermal regulating valve thus, to adjust the evaporating temperature of absorption working pair in the surface exchanger 3.When sorbing material desorption absorption working pair, reduce the flow resistance of absorption working pair as far as possible, and allow sorbing material fully adsorb absorption working pair.One way valve is the flow direction of control absorption working pair steam, and thermal regulating valve is the flow of control absorption working pair steam, i.e. the evaporating temperature of control surface heat exchanger 3, and the control range that makes evaporating temperature is under the air dew point temperature, on the freezing point temperature of water.
Water collector 4 of the present invention is common water container, should adopt the container that is unfavorable for the internal moisture evaporation.
The new design feature of apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration of the present invention is:
1. on the basis of traditional adsorption refrigeration device, be one, be called surface exchanger 3 condenser and evaporator designs.When sorbing material is heated, the absorption working pair desorption in the sorbing material is come out, condensing in surface exchanger 3 becomes liquid, finishes the function of condenser.Sorbing material is met when cold, and the absorption working pair in the surface exchanger 3 is adsorbed onto in the sorbing material, and the absorption working pair in the surface exchanger 3 constantly evaporates, and finishes the function of evaporimeter, produces the refrigeration phenomenon when absorption working pair constantly evaporates.
2. between adsorbent bed 1 and surface exchanger 3, pressure regulator 2 is set, the effect of pressure regulator 2 is according to environment temperature and humidity control system adsorbance when adsorbing night, the evaporating temperature of control absorption working pair is so that allow the central steam of air reach dewpoint temperature and to condense in surface exchanger 3 surfaces.
3. do not contain any moving component in the device of the present invention.
The course of work of the present invention water intaking is as follows: the sorbing material in the daytime adsorbent bed 1 absorbs the radiant heat of the sun, and the absorption working pair desorption in the sorbing material is come out.The absorption working pair steam that desorption comes out enters surface exchanger 3 through pressure regulator 2, and the condensation heat release is condensed into liquid in surface exchanger 3, and this moment, the pressure of system was higher.There is not evening the solar time environment temperature lower, the corresponding reduction of system pressure.The influence that sorbing material is reduced by environment temperature begins to produce adsorption phenomena, and absorption working pair can evaporate under adsorption phenomena becomes gas to satisfy the requirement of absorption.By the adjusting of pressure regulator 2, the evaporating temperature of absorption working pair in the control surface heat exchanger 3, when the surface temperature of surface exchanger 3 be lower than the air dew point temperature, when being higher than the freezing point temperature of water, the moisture in the middle of the air can condense in the surface of surface exchanger 3.Because the effect of gravity, the moisture that freeze-outs can splash in the water collector 4, finishes the water intaking function.
Sorbing material and absorption working pair are that one group of formation absorption is right.For example: molecular sieve and water, molecular sieve are sorbing material, and water is absorption working pair.Suction type can be a chemisorbed, also can be physical absorption.
Absorption is to generally having: active carbon-methyl alcohol (physical absorption), zeolite-water (physical absorption), silica gel-water (physical absorption), metal hydride-hydrogen (physical absorption), calcium chloride-ammonia (chemisorbed), aluminium chloride-ammonia (chemisorbed), active carbon-ethanol (physical absorption), NACF-methyl alcohol (physical absorption).
Although relate to a kind of apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration and carried out special description disclosed with reference to embodiment, embodiment described above is illustrative and not restrictive, under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all variations and modification are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration is characterized in that, comprises adsorbent bed, surface exchanger, pressure regulator and water collector; Described adsorbent bed is connected with pipeline with surface exchanger, and is provided with pressure regulator between described adsorbent bed and surface exchanger, and the lower end of described surface exchanger is provided with water collector; Described adsorbent bed is by the adsorbent bed body and meet that desorption goes out absorption working pair when hot, meet and adsorb into the sorbing material of absorption working pair when cold and forms, and described adsorbent bed body is a casing that seals; Be provided with in the described surface exchanger can phase transformation absorption working pair, it is right that described absorption working pair and sorbing material constitute absorption.
2. apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the one side that described adsorbent bed body receives solar radiation is a light transmissive material, is provided with uniform gas-permeable channels in the adsorbent bed body, is provided with absorption working pair at the back side of adsorbent bed body and imports and exports; The top of described surface exchanger is provided with absorption working pair and imports and exports; The absorption working pair import and export of described adsorbent bed body and the absorption working pair of surface exchanger are provided with pressure regulator between importing and exporting; Described pressure regulator is made up of to the thermal regulating valve that adsorbent bed flows surface exchanger to one way valve and control absorption working pair that surface exchanger flows adsorbent bed the control absorption working pair that is connected in parallel, and the temperature pick up of described thermal regulating valve is arranged on the external surface of surface exchanger.
3. apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the surface of described surface exchanger is the hydrophobic processing layer.
4. apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described sorbing material and absorption working pair are respectively active carbon-methyl alcohol, zeolite-water, silica gel-water, metal hydride-hydrogen, calcium chloride-ammonia, aluminium chloride-ammonia, active carbon-ethanol, NACF-methyl alcohol.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100130852A CN100400755C (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2006-01-20 | Apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration |
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| CNB2006100130852A CN100400755C (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2006-01-20 | Apparatus for water production from air by employing solar-powered intermittent absorption refrigeration |
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| CN1804244A CN1804244A (en) | 2006-07-19 |
| CN100400755C true CN100400755C (en) | 2008-07-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102936912B (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-06-18 | 上海交通大学 | Solar air adsorption desert water fetching travel bag |
| CN103225331B (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2014-07-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Microfluidic air water taking device and water taking method employing water taking device |
| CN106076251B (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2019-02-22 | 上海交通大学 | Lithium chloride-active carbon fiber felt solidification compound adsorbent and preparation method thereof |
| CN113338393B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-08-09 | 西安交通大学 | Intelligent solar water collection system based on zeolite adsorption characteristics |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040262A (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1990-03-07 | 徐熙民 | Cooling-storage compensatory type solar energy refrigerating device |
| JP2003184137A (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-07-03 | Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd | Water collector |
| CN1131359C (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-12-17 | 上海交通大学 | Adsorption air water-intaking equipment |
| CN2871665Y (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-02-21 | 天津商学院 | Air-adsorptive refrigerating water takeout unit of intermittent solar |
-
2006
- 2006-01-20 CN CNB2006100130852A patent/CN100400755C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040262A (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1990-03-07 | 徐熙民 | Cooling-storage compensatory type solar energy refrigerating device |
| CN1131359C (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-12-17 | 上海交通大学 | Adsorption air water-intaking equipment |
| JP2003184137A (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-07-03 | Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd | Water collector |
| CN2871665Y (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-02-21 | 天津商学院 | Air-adsorptive refrigerating water takeout unit of intermittent solar |
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Granted publication date: 20080709 Termination date: 20120120 |