CN221427039U - Low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device - Google Patents
Low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN221427039U CN221427039U CN202420091970.6U CN202420091970U CN221427039U CN 221427039 U CN221427039 U CN 221427039U CN 202420091970 U CN202420091970 U CN 202420091970U CN 221427039 U CN221427039 U CN 221427039U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- module
- data acquisition
- acquisition device
- low
- power supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100083071 Candida albicans (strain SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876) PGA7 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a low-speed double-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device, which comprises a main control unit module, a power supply module, a signal display module, a storage module, an RS485 communication module, a filter circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a temperature sensing module and an interface terminal module, wherein the power supply module, the analog-to-digital conversion module and the interface terminal module are connected with the main control unit module; the analog-digital conversion chip used by the analog-digital conversion module contains two differential double channels, and the two differential double channels respectively correspond to a sensor A channel and a sensor B channel of the load data acquisition device. The low-speed double-channel load measuring support load data acquisition device has perfect functions and reliable performance, and meets the use requirement of a load monitoring system of a load measuring bridge support under field conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an intelligent load monitoring system for a force-measuring bridge support, in particular to a low-speed double-channel load data acquisition device for the force-measuring bridge support.
Background
The intelligent load-measuring bridge support load monitoring system mainly comprises four parts of a load-measuring support, a data acquisition and automatic transmission module, a power supply system and remote visual monitoring software, wherein the load-measuring support is different from a common support, and a load sensor is additionally arranged in the support by changing the support configuration, so that the real-time monitoring of the stress states of the support and the bridge is realized.
The data acquisition device is responsible for converting voltage value changes caused by stress of the embedded load sensor of the support into original value changes, so that changes of overall stress conditions of the support are reflected, and the original data acquisition device cannot meet the use requirements of the current load monitoring system due to reasons of parameter information configuration interaction capability, overall performance, volume and the like.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model aims to provide a low-speed double-channel force-measuring support load data acquisition device which has perfect functions and reliable performance and meets the use requirement of a force-measuring bridge support load monitoring system under field conditions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device, which comprises a main control unit module, and a power supply module, a signal display module, a storage module, an RS485 communication module, a filter circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a temperature sensing module and an interface terminal module which are connected with the main control unit module, wherein the filter circuit module is connected with the power supply module, the analog-to-digital conversion module and the interface terminal module; the analog-digital conversion chip used by the analog-digital conversion module comprises two differential double channels, and the two differential double channels respectively correspond to a sensor A channel and a sensor B channel of the load data acquisition device.
Preferably, the main control unit module comprises a main control chip, a crystal oscillator circuit connected with the main control chip, a program downloading interface, a decoupling circuit, a reset circuit and a starting configuration circuit.
Preferably, the master control chip adopts STM32L071RBT6.
Preferably, the crystal oscillator circuit comprises an 8MHz crystal oscillator and a peripheral oscillation starting capacitor which are used by a main control chip, and the 8MHz crystal oscillator is connected with OSC_IN and OSC_OUT pins of the main control chip.
Preferably, the program downloading interface is a 4Pin Pin row Pin with a standard interval of 2.54mm, and is respectively connected with a 3.3V output power supply, SWDIO and GND.
Preferably, the decoupling circuit is arranged at the power supply end of the main control chip by adopting 6 patch capacitors with the density of 100 nF.
Preferably, the BOOT1 in the BOOT configuration circuit is configured to be low.
Preferably, the power supply module comprises an analog power supply module and a digital power supply module, and zero ohm resistance is adopted between digital ground and analog ground for single-point connection.
Preferably, the memory chip of the memory module adopts AT24C16; the communication chip in the RS485 communication module adopts MAX13487EESA +; the temperature sensing module consists of a DS18B20 chip and a peripheral circuit; the filter circuit module consists of a sensor peripheral circuit; the analog-to-digital conversion module consists of ADS1232 and a peripheral circuit; the interface terminal module is divided into a sensor interface terminal module and a power supply and communication interface terminal module.
According to the technical scheme, the low-speed double-channel force-measuring support load data acquisition device is perfect in function and reliable in performance, and meets the use requirement of a force-measuring bridge support load monitoring system under field conditions.
Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the utility model and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of the low-speed two-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply module of the low-speed two-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of circuit connection of a master control unit module;
Fig. 4 is a program operation control flow chart of the low-speed two-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the utility model, are not intended to limit the utility model.
In the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, terms such as "upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, and inner and outer" and the like are used merely to denote the orientation of the term in a conventional use state or are commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and should not be construed as limiting the term.
Referring to the low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device shown in fig. 1-3, the low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device comprises a main control unit module, and a power supply module, a signal display module, a storage module, an RS485 communication module, a filter circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a temperature sensing module and an interface terminal module which are connected with the main control unit module, wherein the filter circuit module is connected with the power supply module, the analog-to-digital conversion module and the interface terminal module; the analog-digital conversion chip used by the analog-digital conversion module comprises two differential double channels, wherein the two differential double channels respectively correspond to a sensor A channel and a sensor B channel of the load data acquisition device, namely, one data acquisition device can be used for acquiring the original values of an A path and a B path of a load sensor.
In the low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device, a main control unit module is used as a core control center to be connected with a power supply module, a signal display module, a storage module, an RS485 communication module, a filter circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a temperature sensing module and an interface terminal module, wherein the filter circuit module is connected with the power supply module, the analog-to-digital conversion module and the interface terminal module. The function is perfect, and the dependable performance can satisfy the operation demand of force measurement bridge support load monitoring system under the open-air condition, and built-in temperature sensing module can compensate the original acquisition value change that whole circuit arouses because of temperature variation to the interface of external power source and signal is provided with devices such as electrostatic discharge diode and surge protection, has improved the holistic electromagnetic compatibility stability of system.
In this embodiment, the main control unit module includes a main control chip, and a crystal oscillator circuit, a program downloading interface, a decoupling circuit, a reset circuit and a start configuration circuit connected with the main control chip. The main control chip adopts STM32L071RBT6, the ultra-low power consumption characteristic of the chip can improve the service time of a system using a battery as a power supply mode, and the large-capacity storage space of the chip can meet the current use requirement of the device and has the later system upgrading capability.
IN this embodiment, the crystal oscillator circuit includes an 8MHz crystal oscillator and a peripheral oscillation starting capacitor used by the main control chip, and the 8MHz crystal oscillator is connected to the osc_in and osc_out pins of the main control chip.
In this embodiment, the program download interface is a 4Pin row with a standard pitch of 2.54mm, and is respectively connected to a 3.3V output power supply, SWDIO and GND. Programming the compiled and debugged program into a program memory of the main control chip through a program downloading interface for running.
In the embodiment, the decoupling circuit adopts 6 patch capacitors of 100nF to be distributed at the power supply end of the main control chip. The power supply end provides a relatively stable power supply for the main control chip, and meanwhile, noise of elements coupled to the power supply end can be reduced.
In this embodiment, the BOOT1 in the BOOT configuration circuit is configured to be at a low level, and the BOOT mode of the main control chip STM32L071RBT6 is set to be that the BOOT area is the main flash memory.
In this embodiment, the power supply module includes an analog power supply module and a digital power supply module, and a zero ohm resistor is used for single point connection between digital ground and analog ground. The digital power supply module part converts 8-15V direct current power supply of the input end into 5V output power supply through the DC-DC power supply chip, and the 5V output power supply is mainly supplied to the power ends of the RS485 communication module and the storage module for use. The 5V output power supply is converted into a 3.3V output power supply through the linear voltage stabilizing device, and the 3.3V output power supply is mainly supplied to a main control chip and a power supply end of the analog-to-digital converter for use. The analog power supply module part converts 8V-15V direct current power supply at the input end into 7V analog output power supply through the linear voltage stabilizing device, the 7V analog output power supply is supplied to ADC analog power supply input, the 7V analog output power supply is converted into 3.3V analog output power supply through the linear voltage stabilizing device, meanwhile, the 7V analog output power supply is also converted into 5V reference power supply through the high-precision linear voltage stabilizing device, and the reference power supply is provided for the A channel and the B channel of the sensor. The front-end input end of the power supply is provided with a series of protection devices such as common-mode inductors, magnetic beads, fuses and the like, so that the protection and anti-interference capacity of the circuit are effectively improved.
In this embodiment, the signal display module uses the patch type red LED device as a display signal for normal operation after program initialization, and when the main control chip is powered on to complete all peripheral program initialization, the signal lamps can be alternately displayed at preset program intervals.
The memory chip of the memory module adopts AT24C16, and the memory space of the chip is 2KB. The main control chip uses I 2 C communication protocol to exchange data with the memory chip. The master control chip pin is connected with the WP writing control pin of the chip, if the master control chip pin is set to be high level, the chip writing protection function is started, and the data writing of the chip is forbidden; if set low, the chip write protection is turned off, allowing data to be written to the chip. The address pins of the chip are set to low level, designating the operating address of the memory module. The memory module is mainly used for storing device addresses, software version number information, correction coefficients, fine correction coefficients and temperature compensation coefficients of each order, and can read the device addresses, the software version number information, the correction coefficients, the fine correction coefficients, the temperature compensation coefficients of each order and special register variables through established protocol commands to acquire the program running condition of the device, allow a user to set the addressing addresses and the temperature compensation coefficients, and allow the highest authority to reset data of the memory chip.
The communication chip in the RS485 communication module adopts MAX13487EESA + and MAX13487EESA + to have special automatic direction control, the main control chip exchanges data with the communication chip in an asynchronous communication mode, the communication chip is responsible for bidirectional and rapid conversion of TTL level and RS485 standard level signal frames, the baud rate is set to 9600bps, and the capacity of long-distance data transmission is effectively improved. The parameter protocol mainly comprises setting device address, reading version number, starting and reading single sensor original value, setting A path and B path coefficients, and the like. The communication adopts ModBus serial communication protocol. And a Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) and an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device are arranged between the differential signal lines A and B of the RS485 communication module, so that the anti-interference capability of the circuit is effectively improved.
The temperature sensing module consists of a DS18B20 chip and a peripheral circuit, adopts a single-wire interface mode, and has a temperature measuring range of-55 ℃ to +125 ℃ and meets the use requirements.
The circuit board device often causes a certain drift phenomenon of the acquired original value due to temperature change, the temperature compensation coefficient is calibrated before the data acquisition device is used, the calibration coefficient can be stored in the FLASH inside the chip or in the storage module, and the original value generated in the daily acquisition process is a temperature compensated value.
The filter circuit module consists of a sensor peripheral circuit and is used for eliminating ripples in millivolt voltage difference caused by stress change in the load sensor, so that clean signals are supplied to an ADC device in the analog-to-digital conversion module.
The analog-to-digital conversion module consists of ADS1232 and a peripheral circuit, two differential input channels of the chip are used for collecting input voltage signals of the A-channel sensor and the B-channel sensor after buffer filtering, an SPI communication mode is adopted for data interaction with a main control chip unit, a main control program can also control the SPEED and the gain of the chip so as to meet the equipment use requirements under different application scenes, a SPEED control pin of the ADC chip is set to be low level, namely an ADC collecting mode is set to be low-SPEED collecting mode, when analog-to-digital conversion is carried out, multiple groups of collected data are subjected to bubbling sequencing for each sensor channel, and stable data in the middle part are averaged to obtain the original sensor collecting value.
The interface terminal module is divided into a sensor interface terminal module and a power supply and communication interface terminal module. The sensor interface terminal module is connected with a four-core wire aviation plug of the device shell by using 24 Pin terminals respectively, and is divided into an A path and a B path, each path of terminal is + V, GND, SIGNAL + and a SIGNAL-, and the A path and the B path of the device are connected with the four-core wire led out by the load sensor of the force measuring support body. The power supply and communication interface terminal module is a 12V power supply anode and cathode and a differential signal line A line and B line terminal interface of the RS485 communication control module, the interface terminal module is provided with an electrostatic discharge protection diode, and the power supply interface terminal module is also provided with an anti-surge device.
The basic circuit principle of each module of the low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device is introduced.
Referring to a program running control flow chart shown in fig. 4, the low-speed dual-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device completes initialization tasks of various peripheral devices after being electrified, and mainly comprises initialization of related control pins of an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) chip in a storage module, initialization of related control pins of a storage chip in a temperature sensing module, initialization of related control pins of a temperature sensor chip in a temperature sensing module and initialization of control pins in a main control chip, wherein the initialization of the control pins of the main control chip mainly comprises control of sleep pins of various power chips and initialization of control pins of communication ports.
After the low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device finishes the initialization of various peripheral devices, each variable preset in a program needs to be assigned, and the variables mainly comprise a device address number, a temperature compensation coefficient, a correction coefficient, a CRC-16/MODBUS check code and some related flag bits, and the variables are stored in a main control RAM, so that each logic control part in a program control flow can conveniently read and use the variables. Because the design principle of the low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device is low-power-consumption operation, the main control unit controls the linear power chips of all power sub-modules to enter a sleep low-power-consumption mode after the operation is finished, and the wake-up of a given instruction is waited.
The upper computer sends instruction codes to the data acquisition device, the control program firstly judges whether the instruction is an instruction for modifying internal constant coefficients, if yes, the designated coefficients are modified according to the functional code types, the coefficients mainly comprise address variables of a front end processor, A-path correction coefficients, B-path correction coefficients, temperature compensation coefficients and the like, and the values of the storage variables of corresponding addresses in the storage module are modified according to the check code rules. If the judgment is no, the next step is carried out. And the program judges whether the command is a normal acquisition command, if so, the module acquisition program is executed, temperature compensation and coefficient compensation are carried out, the RTU waits for transmitting a subsequent instruction to return the original values of the A path and the B path, and the device responds to the information return command of the RTU through a preset address. The program judges whether to send the information string to the RTU, if yes, the information string containing the sensor A path and the sensor B path acquisition original values of 9 bytes is sent. If the judgment is no, the next step is carried out. And judging whether the time of feeding dogs exceeds the time of feeding dogs or not by the program, restarting the control equipment if the time is judged to be yes, improving the long-term operation stability of the device in the field unmanned environment, jumping to the initial position of the loop if the time is judged to be no, and repeatedly executing the judgment statement to form a control logic loop.
When the control program does not perform the task of specifically collecting the original values of the A path and the B path of the sensor, each power chip with the low-power-consumption operation mode is switched into the low-power-consumption mode, and after the device receives the command of collecting the original values of the sensor, the power chip is restored to the normal operation state from the low-power-consumption mode, the collection task is completed to wait for the feedback information string command of the subsequent RTU, and the program is executed in a circulating way.
The acquisition frequency of the low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device is 1Hz, and the use requirement of the current bridge load monitoring system is met. The low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device mainly uses a V-shaped sensor as a matched data acquisition module of a vertical force measuring support of a force bearing component, can also connect four sets of force measuring supports in series to form a bidirectional force measuring support of the company, which uses a columnar sensor as the force bearing component, as the matched data acquisition module, but has fewer service conditions.
The preferred embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present utility model within the scope of the technical concept of the present utility model, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the utility model can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The low-speed double-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device is characterized by comprising a main control unit module, a power supply module, a signal display module, a storage module, an RS485 communication module, a filter circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a temperature sensing module and an interface terminal module, wherein the power supply module, the analog-to-digital conversion module and the interface terminal module are connected with the main control unit module; the analog-digital conversion chip used by the analog-digital conversion module comprises two differential double channels, and the two differential double channels respectively correspond to a sensor A channel and a sensor B channel of the load data acquisition device.
2. The low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit module comprises a main control chip, and a crystal oscillator circuit, a program downloading interface, a decoupling circuit, a reset circuit and a starting configuration circuit which are connected with the main control chip.
3. The low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device according to claim 2, wherein the main control chip adopts STM32L071 RBT6.
4. The low-speed dual-channel load measuring support load data acquisition device according to claim 3, wherein the crystal oscillator circuit comprises an 8MHz crystal oscillator and a peripheral oscillation starting capacitor used by a main control chip, and the 8MHz crystal oscillator is connected with OSC_IN and OSC_OUT pins of the main control chip.
5. The low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device according to claim 3, wherein the program downloading interface is a 4Pin Pin row needle with a standard interval of 2.54mm, and is respectively connected with a 3.3V output power supply, SWDIO and GND.
6. The low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device according to claim 3, wherein the decoupling circuit is arranged at a power supply end of a main control chip by adopting 6 patch capacitors of 100 nF.
7. A low speed dual channel load bearing load data acquisition device according to claim 3, wherein the BOOT1 in the start configuration circuit is configured to be low.
8. The low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device of claim 1, wherein the power supply module comprises an analog power supply module and a digital power supply module, and zero ohm resistance is adopted between digital ground and analog ground for single-point connection.
9. The low-speed dual-channel force measurement support load data acquisition device according to claim 1, wherein a memory chip in the memory module adopts an AT24C16;
The communication chip in the RS485 communication module adopts MAX13487EESA +;
The temperature sensing module consists of a DS18B20 chip and a peripheral circuit;
The filter circuit module consists of a sensor peripheral circuit;
the analog-to-digital conversion module consists of ADS1232 and a peripheral circuit;
The interface terminal module is divided into a sensor interface terminal module and a power supply and communication interface terminal module.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202420091970.6U CN221427039U (en) | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-15 | Low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202420091970.6U CN221427039U (en) | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-15 | Low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN221427039U true CN221427039U (en) | 2024-07-26 |
Family
ID=91980661
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202420091970.6U Active CN221427039U (en) | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-15 | Low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN221427039U (en) |
-
2024
- 2024-01-15 CN CN202420091970.6U patent/CN221427039U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108896107B (en) | Single-bus temperature and humidity integrated sensor chip and communication method thereof | |
| CN221427039U (en) | Low-speed double-channel force measuring support load data acquisition device | |
| CN221427038U (en) | Multichannel force measuring support load data acquisition device based on channel multiplexing technology | |
| CN215153706U (en) | Tire pressure monitoring circuit | |
| CN213239032U (en) | Bus type temperature and humidity detection device | |
| CN210271205U (en) | Remote household security device | |
| CN109062091A (en) | A kind of agricultural monitoring Internet of things system under crop field environment | |
| CN211741407U (en) | General type intelligence multichannel voltage acquisition appearance | |
| CN210724283U (en) | Anti-interference battery management system | |
| CN204389714U (en) | A kind of weather monitoring instrument realizing Temperature and Humidity based on SHT2X chip | |
| CN206479189U (en) | Double remaining circuits and encoder | |
| CN221686943U (en) | Single bus conversion circuit for industrial communication | |
| CN206322167U (en) | A kind of download program circuit | |
| CN112146708B (en) | Bus type temperature and humidity detection device and method | |
| CN213814659U (en) | Adapter for converting RS232 serial port into I2C interface | |
| CN221667983U (en) | Power self-checking device based on domestic MCU | |
| CN217880063U (en) | Domestic singlechip-based agricultural Internet of things data acquisition terminal | |
| CN205317400U (en) | Stable form intelligence pressure sensor | |
| CN219555166U (en) | Bluetooth voice chip integrated circuit and Bluetooth voice chip | |
| CN212621082U (en) | Illuminance sensor device based on power line carrier communication | |
| CN221042892U (en) | Digital bus communication equipment | |
| CN218630552U (en) | Motor drive singlechip and electrical equipment | |
| CN220232286U (en) | Biological state monitoring system based on STM32 | |
| CN106354067A (en) | Micro disc control system based on high speed signal processor | |
| CN218888526U (en) | Distribution lines end intelligent sensing device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |