CN2214164Y - 记录多层心壁内单向动作电位用插入式电极 - Google Patents
记录多层心壁内单向动作电位用插入式电极 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型属于探测用电极。它由长杆体、电极
和调节装置组成。长杆体为管状,一端封闭,一端开
放,两排电极纵行安置在杆体两侧,一排电极固定,一
排电极活动,电极头端面外露。活动式电极由调节装
置调节外突位置,它解决了精确记录多层心肌壁内单
向动作电位信息资料的获得和减轻心肌损伤的问
题。应用于心脏科学研究的测试仪器之中。
Description
本发明涉及一种探测用电极,具体地说是由杆体和针状电极组成的用来记录病人或动物心脏多层心壁内单向动作电位的电极装置。
根据记录单向动作电位的原理,一是需要用双电极记录;二是这双电极的一个电极接触心肌组织的力需重于另一个电极。“记录单向动作电位的方法与理论,”弗兰丝,美国心脏血管疾病进展杂志,33期,1991年5月/6月。此外,重要的一点,三是当电极插入心室壁时,被电极接触到的心肌组织不能有严重损伤。
关于传统使用的电极,如吸引电极、接触电极或导管电极曾报导于下列文章之中:(1)“离体心中记录单向动作电位”,史寇慈等,生物医学,92期,441-452页,1932年;(2)“在哺乳动物的心脏记录单向电图”,约翰英凯等,美国生理学杂志,111期,177-186页,1935年;(3)“在人类心内膜记录长时间单向动作电位”,弗兰丝,美国心脏病学杂志,51期,1692-1634页,1983年。它们都较难满足上述三个要求。
1977年凯思尔和加拉赫采用一种针电极给病人和动物记录其心室电活动。见于“用于研究心脏电活动的多极针电极之结构”美国生理学杂志,23期(第二册)H312-H317页,1977年。该电极仅带一排电极,磨平固定在针壁上,缺少实用意义。
1992年起,本申请人所用的针电极,见文摘“一种记录心壁层内单向动作电位的方法”,王永高、哈里曼等,美国起搏杂志,15期(第二部分),559页,1992年。该针电极由两排细小的银/氯化银电极组成。电极线经16号静脉穿刺针的塑料套管引出。一排电极平齐,另一排电极头呈小球状外置。除电极及引线外均用绝缘材料绝缘。由于两排电极头均外露,应用中存在着两个毛病:一是穿刺产生的心肌损伤严重;二是阻力大,球状电极与引线的连接部容易折断,因此影响到记录资料的正确性。
本发明的目的是提供一种改进的插入式电极,它能够满足电极工作所具备的三个要求,精确记录病人和动物心脏的多层心室壁组织的单向动作电位资料。
改进的用于记录多层心壁内单向动作电位用插入式电极,包括长杆体和电极,长杆体的一端封闭且呈尖锐形状,另一端开放。电极排列设在长杆体的壁上。其特征在于电极中的一排为固定式电极,一排为活动式电极,均设在长杆体壁内,与配对电极连接的传导用导线从长杆体壁内向尾部引出接往记录仪器。长杆体的腔内还设有推顶活动式电极向外移动的调节装置。
上述固定式电极和活动式电极分设于长杆体的两侧,前者固定设置在长杆体壁层外表处,后者活动座设在长杆体壁上的小孔内,在调节装置推力作用下活动式电极可突出壁外或弹回收进壁内。
本发明设计的插入式电极,在向心肌组织插进时,活动式电极收入壁内,因而可减轻对心肌组织的损伤。在工作时,通过调节装置将活动电极突出壁外,从而较重地压向心肌组织,这样,由固定式电极和活动式电极形成的双电极就能够满意地获得不同损伤电位,将信息记录下来。本设计的技术方案能满足单向动作电位测定的理论要求和实践要求。
以下结合实施例及其附图进一步说明:
图1是对比技术的针电极结构示意图。
图2A、2B、2C、2D是本发明实施例结构示意图。其中:
图2A是插入时的结构状态图;
图2B是工作时的结构状态图;
图2C是图2A的局部截面视图;
图2D是图2B的局部截面视图。
图3是图2A111-111轴线的剖视图。
图4A、4B是实施例之二结构的二种状态示意图。
图5A、5B是实施例之结构的二种状态示意图。
参照图1,所示为现有对比技术的结构,乃为本申请人先前所创。外套1与内套5间设有与电极2,电极3连接的传导导线,中间是注射针4。电极3外突,插入阻力大,容易使电极断裂,心肌损伤也比较严重。
图2A、2B所示的实施例表明,长杆体6为针管状,头端封闭呈尖锐形状便于插入,末端开放,管腔内安置调节装置7,固定式电极2排列在长杆体一侧的壁上,通过位于壁中的导线分极集束引出,引入记录仪器14。长杆体的另一侧安置活动式电极3,电极导线9沿壁内集束外引。电极头端呈球状,活动嵌于壁上,内侧与调节装置7的杆状轴接触,外侧端面外露,嵌壁小孔内设有半硬且具有弹性的环形结构10,电极3的球形头端在推顶力作用下可突向壁外,压迫心肌肌层,由环形结构环封避免血液或组织液进入长杆体6的内腔。两排电极的头端外露面直径大小不同,也可以相同。调节装置7由调节螺旋11,杆状轴12,若干个活动小臂13组成,形成曲柄连动装置的结构,各小臂的定位端嵌连在长杆体6的内壁上。
当调节螺旋11向外旋出时,牵动杆状轴12,将活动式电极朝壁外推出,不断压迫局部心肌组织,压紧力可调,它比对侧的固定式电极2具有更重的作用力,因此产生这两排电极之间不同的损伤电位,从而通过导线由仪器14记录到单向动作电位。调节螺旋回旋,活动式电极3在环形结构10的弹性作用下将其收进壁内。电极除外露的头端面外的其他部位,包括导线均为绝缘材料相包裹。
图2C、2D的局部图把活动式电极结构的二个工作状态的细部放大表示了出来。其电极的球形端部与设在长杆壁上的小孔15相配,孔内设有一个与端面相环扣的弹性环状结构10。
图3的截面剖视图表示出了调节装置10的小臂3与长杆体内壁的嵌连方式。
图4A、4B的实施例是将图2A、2B实施例中的固定式电极2移到了与活动式电极3作同一侧位置上进行布置,两种电极交替设置。优点是可以减小长杆体6的直径,缺点是不能真正在一个心壁内的局部水平上记录单向动作电位。但是对于研究心肌局部水平不要求十分精确的情况下,仍不失为一种比较简便的方法。其结构原理与前述实施例完全相同。
此外,补充图5A、5B表示长杆体的调节装置采用所说的充气气囊结构方式来达到调节活动式电极位置的实施例。充气气囊16从外接气源GS17获得动力,通过控制输入的气量而实现调节的目的。
使用时,将插入式电极垂直插入心室壁层,用无损伤性小夹子在心室表面夹固,,使电极不至于随心跳过分晃动和移位,操纵调节装置,进入电极工作位置,从导线传导来的对应于每对电极的脉冲信号,配对引入记录仪器,用双极记录法记录不同心肌部位的单向动作电位。可由多导记录仪中的磁带或计算机记录和示波器显示。此外,用本发明的配对电极也可以测定局部心肌有效不应期。
基于本发明可以衍生多种电极,也将包括在本发明内。
Claims (8)
1、一种记录多层心壁内单向动作电位用插入式电极,包括长杆体(6)和电极(2)和(3),长杆体(6)的一端封闭且呈尖锐形状,另一端开放,电极排列设在长杆体(6)的壁上,其特征在于所说电极的一排为固定式电极(2),一排为活动式电极(3),均设在长杆体壁内,与配对电极连接的传导用导线(8和9)从长杆体壁内向尾部引出接往记录仪器(14),长杆体(6)的腔内还设有推顶活动式电极(3)向外移动的调节装置(7)。
2、按权利要求1所述的插入式电极,其特征在于固定式电极(2)和活动式电极(3)分设于长杆体(6)的两侧,前者固定设置的长杆体壁层外表处,后者活动座设在长杆体壁上的小孔(15)内,在调节装置(7)推力作用下活动式电极可突出壁外或弹回收进壁内。
3、按权利要求1所述的插入式电极,其特征在于所说的固定式电极(2)和活动式电极(3)的头端外露面直径大小相同。
4、按权利要求1所述的插入式电极,其特征在于所说的固定式电极(2)和活动式电极(3)的头端外露面直径大小不相同。
5、按权利要求1所述的插入式电极,其特征在于活动式电极(3)的端部为球形,与设于长杆体(6)壁上的小孔(15)相配,孔内设有一个与端面相环扣扣封的和起回弹作用的弹性环状结构(10)。
6、按权利要求1所述的插入式电极,其特征在于调节活动式电极移动的调节装置是一个包括调节螺旋(11)、杆状轴(12)以及数个活动小臂(13)组成的曲柄连动装置,各小臂(13)的定位端嵌连在长杆体的内壁上。
7、按权利要求1所述的插入式电极,其特征在于调节活动式电极移动的调节装置是一个沿长杆体内腔设置的受控气压式气囊(16),气囊壁和活动式电极内侧相接触,与外设控制用气源GS(17)相通。
8、按权利要求1所述的插入式电极,其特征在于电极的头端外露面外的其他部位,包括传导导线均为绝缘材料相包裹。
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US08/169,670 | 1993-12-17 | ||
US08/169,670 US5425363A (en) | 1993-12-17 | 1993-12-17 | Plunge electrode for recording multiple intramyocardial monophasic action potential |
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1993
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1994
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CN104605847A (zh) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-05-13 | 北京华科恒生医疗科技有限公司 | 一种颅内深部电极 |
CN104783785A (zh) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-22 | 白融 | 双极心肌组织单向动作电位记录电极 |
CN106466181A (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-03-01 | 金岩 | 心内外膜同步定点标测电极 |
CN106466181B (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2023-10-17 | 金岩 | 心内外膜同步定点标测电极 |
CN107271798A (zh) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 首都医科大学 | 一种单相动作电位记录系统 |
CN107271798B (zh) * | 2016-04-08 | 2019-10-22 | 首都医科大学 | 一种单相动作电位记录系统 |
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