CN220979513U - High-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding supporting structure - Google Patents
High-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding supporting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN220979513U CN220979513U CN202322122171.9U CN202322122171U CN220979513U CN 220979513 U CN220979513 U CN 220979513U CN 202322122171 U CN202322122171 U CN 202322122171U CN 220979513 U CN220979513 U CN 220979513U
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a high ground stress soft rock tunnel lets presses supporting construction, including the location stock, reinforce the anchor rope, elastic metal lining, the waterproof layer, concrete enhancement layer and monitoring facilities, elastic metal lining passes through the location stock and is connected with the tunnel wall, the medial surface passes through the waterproof layer and is connected with concrete enhancement layer, the location stock is equallyd divide into a plurality of anchor groups, simultaneously between the location stock of two adjacent anchor groups respectively through the connection of reinforce the anchor rope, establish at least one monitoring facilities between two adjacent anchor groups, the monitoring facilities both ends are connected with the location stock that is located its both ends position through two at least anchor ropes of strengthening respectively. The utility model discloses can effectively satisfy and effectively be the support to weak surrounding rock tunnel wall to carry out accurate monitoring to the deformation condition of tunnel surrounding rock, when satisfying the operation of supporting the tunnel wall simultaneously, have certain synchronous deformation adaptability along with the surrounding rock deformation volume in addition, thereby reduce the destruction of tunnel surrounding rock large deformation to whole supporting construction.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a high-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding support structure, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering.
Background
In tunnel construction, most of the surfaces are in high ground stress conditions, particularly weak surrounding rock tunnels, wherein the phenomenon of large deformation of the surrounding rock conceals a great adverse factor for tunnel construction and operation. The prior conventional tunnel surrounding rock deformation control method adopts a mode of supporting a primary spraying concrete and a steel arch frame, and the method can control the deformation of the surrounding rock to a certain extent, but the deformation of the surrounding rock is often multiplied under high ground stress, and the surrounding rock deformation has certain rheological property in weak surrounding rock areas. The support means suitable for shallow tunnels are no longer suitable under such complex conditions.
Meanwhile, surrounding rock deformation of a soft rock tunnel under deep conditions has a certain time effect, and the deformation cannot enter a stable state immediately after the tunnel is excavated. Therefore, the safety of the whole tunnel supporting system can be well ensured by adopting the yielding supporting system during supporting.
In order to master the deformation condition of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, only one point is monitored in the traditional monitoring means, which cannot accurately reflect the deformation condition of the whole surrounding rock.
For this reason, a supporting system and a monitoring system for large deformation of soft rock are needed in the field of tunnel engineering.
Disclosure of utility model
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides the high-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding support structure which is simple in structure, flexible and convenient to construct and good in universality, can effectively support the wall of a soft surrounding rock tunnel in operation, accurately monitor the deformation condition of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and simultaneously has a certain synchronous deformation adaptability along with the deformation amount of the surrounding rock while meeting the support operation of the wall of the tunnel, so that the damage of the surrounding rock of the tunnel to the whole support structure is reduced, and meanwhile, when the deformation amount of the surrounding rock is overlarge, the support structure can support the surrounding rock step by step, and the sudden failure condition of the whole support system caused by the large deformation deterioration of the surrounding rock is effectively controlled, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the reliability and safety of the surrounding rock support of the tunnel.
The utility model provides a high ground stress soft rock tunnel lets presses supporting construction, including the location stock, strengthen the anchor rope, elastic metal lining, the waterproof layer, concrete enhancement layer and monitoring facilities, elastic metal lining is the column frame structure with the coaxial distribution of tunnel, elastic metal lining passes through a plurality of location stock and is connected with the tunnel wall, and elastic metal lining lateral surface offsets with the tunnel wall, the medial surface passes through the waterproof layer and is connected with concrete enhancement layer, location stock is a plurality of, each location stock equally divide into a plurality of anchor groups, each anchor group distributes along elastic metal lining axis direction, the location stock quantity in the same anchor group is not less than 6 simultaneously, simultaneously between the location stock of two adjacent anchor groups respectively through strengthening the anchor rope connection, each reinforces anchor rope and tunnel axis between parallel distribution, establish at least one monitoring facilities between two adjacent anchor groups simultaneously, the monitoring facilities both ends are connected with the location stock that is located its both ends position respectively through two and each reinforces anchor rope that is connected with the monitoring facilities is "X" structural distribution.
Further, the elastic metal lining layer comprises an elastic metal net and bearing springs, wherein at least two layers of the elastic metal net are connected through a plurality of bearing springs, each bearing spring is uniformly distributed around the axis of a tunnel, each bearing spring axis is respectively connected with the surfaces of the two adjacent elastic metal nets and forms an included angle of 30-90 degrees, one bearing spring is additionally arranged outside the positioning anchor rod between the two adjacent elastic metal nets, and the bearing springs coated outside the positioning anchor rod are coaxially distributed with the positioning anchor rod and coaxially distributed with the positioning anchor rod.
Further, the elastic metal net is of a plate-shaped structure with a rectangular cross section and any one of an H shape and a U shape, the distance between two adjacent layers of elastic metal nets is not less than 5 mm, a plurality of embedded hooks are uniformly distributed on the surface of the elastic metal net connected with the waterproof layer in the elastic metal net, the embedded hooks are vertically distributed with the surface of the elastic metal net, at least 1/4 of the effective length of the embedded hooks are positioned between the two adjacent layers of elastic metal nets, the rest parts are embedded in the waterproof layer, and the length of the embedded hooks positioned in the waterproof layer is not more than 50% of the thickness of the waterproof layer.
Further, the positioning anchor rod comprises a positioning pressing plate, a positioning pressing cap and an anchor rod, wherein 70% -95% of the effective length of the anchor rod is positioned in a tunnel wall, an elastic metal lining layer, a waterproof layer and a concrete reinforcing layer, the rest part of the effective length of the anchor rod is positioned in the tunnel, the positioning pressing cap is coated outside the front half part of the anchor rod and is connected with the anchor rod through threads, the lower end surface of the positioning pressing cap is abutted against the upper end surface of the positioning pressing plate and is abutted against the outer side surface of the concrete reinforcing layer through the positioning pressing plate, the positioning pressing plate comprises a bearing metal plate, an elastic pad, a bearing spring plate and expansion bolts, the bearing metal plate is of a circular plate structure, the bearing metal plate is provided with a guide hole which is coaxially distributed with the bearing metal plate, the guide hole is in threaded connection with the anchor rod, the outer side surface of the bearing metal plate is connected with at least three bearing spring plates through elastic hinges, the bearing spring plate surrounds the axis of the bearing metal plate uniformly and is in 0-90 DEG, the front half part of the bearing spring plate is provided with positioning holes distributed along the axis direction, the length of the bearing metal plate is not larger than 10% -10% of the length of the bearing spring plate and is abutted against the outer surface of the concrete reinforcing plate through the expansion bolts, and the length of the bearing spring plate is in the 1% -2% length is connected with the expansion bolts through the expansion bolts.
Further, the width of the rear end face of the bearing spring plate is 1/5-1/3 of the width of the front end face, the bearing spring plate is of a Z-shaped platy structure, the lower end face of the bearing spring plate is located below the bearing metal plate by at least 5 mm, a prestress spring column coaxially distributed with the bearing metal plate is arranged on the lower end face of the bearing metal plate, the prestress spring column is of a columnar spring structure coaxially distributed with the bearing metal plate, the prestress spring column is coated outside the anchor rod and coaxially distributed and slidingly connected with the anchor rod, the upper end face of the prestress spring column is propped against the lower end face of the bearing metal plate, and the lower end face of the prestress spring column is propped against the concrete reinforcing layer.
Further, the monitoring mechanism comprises a sealing protection box, tension sensors, pressure sensors, bearing elastic sheets, a monitoring circuit and wiring terminals, wherein the sealing protection box is of a rectangular cavity structure in cross section, the monitoring circuit is located in the sealing protection box and is respectively connected with the tension sensors and the pressure sensors, the tension sensors are two in total and are respectively located on the front end face and the rear end face of the sealing protection box, the tension sensors and the sealing protection box are coaxially distributed, each tension sensor is connected with two reinforced anchor cables, an included angle of 30-60 degrees is formed between the two reinforced anchor cables connected with the same tension sensor, the pressure sensors are four in total, each pressure sensor is uniformly distributed around the axis of the sealing protection box and is respectively connected with the sealing protection box through the bearing elastic sheets, the tension sensors and the pressure sensors are electrically connected with the monitoring circuit through the wiring terminals, and the wiring terminals are embedded in the side surface of the sealing protection box, and at least one wiring terminal is electrically connected with external circuit equipment through wires.
Furthermore, the monitoring circuit is a circuit system based on any one of a DSP (digital signal processor) chip and an FPGA (field programmable gate array) chip, and an auxiliary power supply based on a storage battery is additionally arranged in the monitoring circuit.
This novel simple structure, construction is nimble convenient, the commonality is good, can effectively satisfy effectively to be the support to weak country rock tunnel wall in the operation, and carry out accurate monitoring to the deformation condition of tunnel country rock, simultaneously when satisfying the operation of supporting the tunnel wall, have certain synchronous deformation adaptability along with the country rock deformation volume in addition, thereby reduce the destruction of tunnel country rock large deformation to whole supporting construction, simultaneously can be when the country rock deflection is too big, supporting construction can support the country rock progressively, the sudden failure condition emergence of whole supporting system is caused in the deterioration of effectual control country rock large deformation, thereby reach the purpose that improves reliability and security to tunnel country rock support.
Drawings
The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a monitoring mechanism and two adjacent anchor groups;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross section local connection relationship among a positioning anchor rod, a reinforced anchor rope, an elastic metal lining, a waterproof layer and a concrete reinforced layer;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the positioning platen.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the construction of the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purposes and the effects of the utility model, the utility model is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a high-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding support structure comprises positioning anchor rods 1, reinforced anchor rods 2, an elastic metal lining layer 3, a waterproof layer 4, a concrete reinforced layer 5 and monitoring mechanisms 6, wherein the elastic metal lining layer 1 is of a columnar frame structure which is coaxially distributed with a tunnel, the elastic metal lining layer 4 is connected with the wall of the tunnel through a plurality of positioning anchor rods 2, the outer side surface of the elastic metal lining layer 4 is propped against the wall of the tunnel, the inner side surface of the elastic metal lining layer 4 is connected with the concrete reinforced layer 3, the plurality of positioning anchor rods 1 are uniformly divided into a plurality of anchor groups, each anchor group is distributed along the axial direction of the elastic metal lining layer 3, meanwhile, the number of the positioning anchor rods 1 in the same anchor group is not less than 6, meanwhile, the positioning anchor rods 1 of two adjacent anchor groups are respectively connected through the reinforced anchor rods 2, each reinforced anchor rod 2 is parallel distributed with the axis of the tunnel, at least one monitoring mechanism 6 is arranged between the two adjacent anchor groups, two ends of the monitoring mechanisms 61 are respectively connected with the positioning anchor rods 1 at the two ends of the reinforced anchor rods 2, and each reinforced anchor rod 2 is in an X structure connected with the monitoring mechanism 6.
In this embodiment, the elastic metal lining layer 3 includes an elastic metal mesh 31 and a carrying spring 32, at least two layers of the elastic metal mesh 31 are connected through a plurality of carrying springs 32 between two adjacent layers of the elastic metal mesh 31, each carrying spring 32 is uniformly distributed around the tunnel axis, the axes of each carrying spring 32 are respectively connected with the surfaces of two adjacent elastic metal meshes 31 and form an included angle of 30-90 degrees, meanwhile, a carrying spring 32 is additionally arranged outside the positioning anchor rod 1 between two adjacent elastic metal meshes 31, and the carrying springs 32 coated outside the positioning anchor rod 1 are coaxially distributed with the positioning anchor rod 1 and coaxially distributed with the positioning anchor rod 1.
The elastic metal net 31 is in a plate-shaped structure with a cross section in any one of a rectangle, an H shape and a U shape, the distance between two adjacent layers of elastic metal nets 31 is not less than 5 mm, a plurality of embedded hooks 33 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the elastic metal net 31 connected with the waterproof layer 4 in the elastic metal net 31, the embedded hooks 33 are vertically distributed with the surface of the elastic metal net 31, at least 1/4 of the effective length of the embedded hooks 33 are positioned between the two adjacent layers of elastic metal nets 31, the rest parts are embedded in the waterproof layer 4, and the length of the embedded hooks 34 positioned in the waterproof layer 4 is not more than 50% of the thickness of the waterproof layer 4.
Through the bearing spring structure that sets up between multilayer elastic metal lining and the adjacent two-layer elastic metal lining that sets up, when effectively satisfying the location to the tunnel country rock wall bearing, utilize the elastic deformation ability that bears spring and multilayer elastic metal lining in addition, carry out elastic deformation to the deformation that the tunnel country rock took place in a certain limit to reach the mesh of this novel supporting construction along with the synchronous adaptation adjustment of country rock deformation.
The important explanation is that the positioning anchor rod 1 comprises a positioning pressing plate 11, a positioning pressing cap 12 and an anchor rod 13, wherein 70% -95% of the effective length of the anchor rod 13 is positioned in the tunnel wall, the elastic metal lining layer 3, the waterproof layer 4 and the concrete reinforcing layer 5, the rest is positioned in the tunnel, the positioning pressing cap 12 is coated outside the front half part of the anchor rod 13 and is in threaded connection with the anchor rod 13, the lower end surface of the positioning pressing cap 12 is abutted against the upper end surface of the positioning pressing plate 11, and the lower end surface of the positioning pressing cap is abutted against the outer side surface of the concrete reinforcing layer 5 through the positioning pressing plate 11.
The positioning pressing plate 11 comprises a bearing metal plate 111, elastic pads 112, a bearing spring plate 113 and expansion bolts 114, the bearing metal plate 111 is of a circular plate-shaped structure, the bearing metal plate 111 is provided with a guide hole 115 which is coaxially distributed with the bearing metal plate 111, the guide hole 115 is connected with the anchor rod 13 through threads, the upper end face of the guide hole is propped against the lower end face of the positioning pressing cap 12 through 1-2 elastic pads 112, the outer side face of the bearing metal plate 111 is connected with at least three bearing spring plates 113 through elastic hinges, the bearing spring plates 113 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bearing metal plate 111 and form 0-90 degrees with the surface of the bearing metal plate 111, the front half part of the bearing spring plate 111 is provided with positioning holes 117 which are distributed along the axis direction of the bearing spring plate 111, the length of the positioning holes 117 is not more than 10-30% of the length of the bearing spring plate 113, the bearing spring plate 113 is connected with 1-2 expansion bolts 114 through the positioning holes 117, and the bearing spring plate 113 is propped against the outer surface of the concrete reinforcing layer 5 through the expansion bolts 114.
When the positioning anchor rod is assembled and positioned, the anchor rod penetrates through the elastic metal lining layer, the waterproof layer and the concrete reinforcing layer and then is inserted into the surrounding rock wall of the tunnel, and then the anchor rod and the concrete reinforcing layer are subjected to reinforced positioning connection through the positioning pressing plate and the positioning pressing cap
In addition, the width of the rear end face of the bearing spring plate 113 is 1/5-1/3 of the width of the front end face, the bearing spring plate 113 is of a Z-shaped plate structure, the lower end face of the bearing spring plate 113 is located below the bearing metal plate 111 for at least 5mm, meanwhile, a pre-stress spring column 116 which is coaxially distributed with the lower end face of the bearing metal plate 111 is arranged on the lower end face of the bearing metal plate 111, the pre-stress spring column 116 is of a columnar spring structure which is coaxially distributed with the bearing metal plate 111, the pre-stress spring column 116 is coated outside the anchor rod 13, is coaxially distributed with the anchor rod 13 and is in sliding connection with the anchor rod, the upper end face of the pre-stress spring column 116 abuts against the lower end face of the bearing metal plate 111, and the lower end face abuts against the concrete reinforcing layer 5.
When the anchor rod is positioned through the positioning pressure cap, the positioning pressure cap is limited through the screw thread, in the limiting, along with the increase of the fastening acting force, the positioning pressure plate elastically deforms under the pressure action of the positioning pressure cap and the concrete reinforcing layer, and when the positioning stability of the anchor rod is improved, the elastic potential energy of the positioning pressure plate is utilized to prevent the positioning pressure cap from loosening when the positioning pressure cap is used for a long time and vibrated.
Meanwhile, the positioning pressing plate elastically deforms under the stress of the positioning pressing cap when in operation under the acting force of the positioning pressing cap, and the positioning pressing cap is elastically pre-tightened by utilizing the elastic deformation, so that the positioning pressing cap is prevented from loosening, and the positioning stability of the anchor rod is improved; in operation, the bearing spring plate of the positioning pressing plate is connected with the concrete reinforcing layer through the expansion bolts, and meanwhile, the guide adjustment is realized when the bearing spring plate is elastically deformed through the set positioning holes.
It should be noted that the monitoring mechanism 6 includes a seal protection box 61, a tension sensor 62, a pressure sensor 63, a bearing elastic sheet 64, a monitoring circuit 65, and a connection terminal 66, where the seal protection box 61 is a rectangular cavity structure with a transversal section, the monitoring circuit 65 is located in the seal protection box 61 and is connected with each tension sensor 62 and the pressure sensor 63, the two tension sensors 62 are located at the front end surface and the rear end surface of the seal protection box 61, the tension sensors 62 are coaxially distributed with the seal protection box 61, each tension sensor 62 is connected with two reinforced anchor cables 2, an included angle of 30 ° to 60 ° is formed between the two reinforced anchor cables 2 connected with the same tension sensor 62, the four pressure sensors 63 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the seal protection box 61 and are connected with the seal protection box 61 through the bearing elastic sheet 64, the tension sensors 62 and the pressure sensors 63 are electrically connected with the monitoring circuit 65 through the connection terminal 66, the connection terminals 66 are embedded in a plurality of side surfaces of the seal protection box 61, and at least one connection terminal 66 is connected with an external circuit device through wires.
Detecting acting force when the surrounding rock of the tunnel is displaced along the axial direction of the tunnel by using the arranged tension sensor; and simultaneously, the radial deformation acting force of the tunnel surrounding rock is detected by utilizing the pressure sensor and the bearing spring plate arranged on the side wall of the sealing protection box.
In this embodiment, the monitoring circuit 6 is a circuit system based on any one of a DSP and an FPGA chip, and an auxiliary power supply based on a battery is additionally provided in the monitoring circuit.
This novel simple structure, construction is nimble convenient, the commonality is good, can effectively satisfy effectively to be the support to weak country rock tunnel wall in the operation, and carry out accurate monitoring to the deformation condition of tunnel country rock, simultaneously when satisfying the operation of supporting the tunnel wall, have certain synchronous deformation adaptability along with the country rock deformation volume in addition, thereby reduce the destruction of tunnel country rock large deformation to whole supporting construction, simultaneously can be when the country rock deflection is too big, supporting construction can support the country rock progressively, the sudden failure condition emergence of whole supporting system is caused in the deterioration of effectual control country rock large deformation, thereby reach the purpose that improves reliability and security to tunnel country rock support.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present utility model and the advantages of the present utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. High ground stress soft rock tunnel lets presses supporting construction, its characterized in that: the high-ground-stress soft rock tunnel lets presses supporting structure includes location stock, reinforces anchor rope, elastic metal lining, waterproof layer, concrete enhancement layer and monitoring mechanism, elastic metal lining be with the coaxial columnar frame structure who distributes in tunnel, elastic metal lining passes through a plurality of location stock and is connected with the tunnel wall, and elastic metal lining lateral surface offsets with the tunnel wall, and the medial surface passes through the waterproof layer and is connected with the concrete enhancement layer, location stock a plurality of, each location stock divide equally into a plurality of anchor groups, each anchor group distributes along elastic metal lining axis direction, and the location stock quantity in the same anchor group is not less than 6 simultaneously, connects through the anchor rope that reinforces between the location stock of two adjacent anchor groups respectively, and parallel distribution is established between each anchor rope and the tunnel axis to each between two adjacent anchor groups simultaneously, the monitoring mechanism both ends are connected with the location stock that is located its both ends position respectively through two anchor ropes that reinforces, and each anchor rope that is connected with the monitoring mechanism is "X" structural distribution.
2. The high ground stress soft rock tunnel yielding support structure according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic metal lining layer comprises an elastic metal net and bearing springs, wherein at least two layers of the elastic metal net are connected through a plurality of bearing springs, each bearing spring is uniformly distributed around the axis of a tunnel, each bearing spring axis is respectively connected with the surfaces of the two adjacent elastic metal nets and forms an included angle of 30-90 degrees, meanwhile, one bearing spring is additionally arranged outside a positioning anchor rod positioned between the two adjacent elastic metal nets, and the bearing springs coated outside the positioning anchor rod are coaxially distributed with the positioning anchor rod and coaxially distributed with the positioning anchor rod.
3. The high ground stress soft rock tunnel yielding support structure according to claim 2, wherein: the elastic metal net is of a platy structure with a rectangular cross section and any one of an H shape and a U shape, the distance between two adjacent layers of elastic metal nets is not less than 5 mm, a plurality of embedded hooks are uniformly distributed on the surface of the elastic metal net connected with the waterproof layer in the elastic metal net, the embedded hooks are vertically distributed with the surface of the elastic metal net, at least 1/4 of the effective length of the embedded hooks are positioned between the two adjacent layers of elastic metal nets, the rest parts are embedded in the waterproof layer, and the length of the embedded hooks positioned in the waterproof layer is not more than 50% of the thickness of the waterproof layer.
4. The high ground stress soft rock tunnel yielding support structure according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning anchor rod comprises a positioning pressing plate, a positioning pressing cap and an anchor rod, wherein 70% -95% of the effective length of the anchor rod is positioned in a tunnel wall, an elastic metal lining layer, a waterproof layer and a concrete reinforcing layer, the rest part of the effective length of the anchor rod is positioned in the tunnel, the positioning pressing cap is coated outside the front half part of the anchor rod and is connected with the anchor rod through threads, the lower end surface of the positioning pressing cap abuts against the upper end surface of the positioning pressing plate and abuts against the outer side surface of the concrete reinforcing layer through the positioning pressing plate, the positioning pressing plate comprises a bearing metal plate, an elastic cushion, a bearing spring plate and expansion bolts, the bearing metal plate is of a circular plate structure, the bearing metal plate is provided with a guide hole which is coaxially distributed with the bearing metal plate, the guide hole is in threaded connection with the anchor rod, the upper end surface of the guide hole abuts against the lower end surface of the positioning pressing cap through 1-2 elastic cushions, the outer side surface of the bearing metal plate is connected with at least three bearing spring plates through elastic hinges, the bearing spring plates encircle the axis of the bearing metal plate uniformly, the bearing spring plates form 0% -90 DEG with the bearing metal plate, the front half part of the bearing spring plate is provided with positioning holes distributed along the axis direction, the length of the bearing metal plate is not larger than the bearing metal plate, the length of the bearing metal plate is 10% -30% of the bearing spring plate and the length is connected with the outer surface of the bearing spring plate through the expansion bolts and the expansion bolts.
5. The high-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding support structure according to claim 4, wherein: the width of the rear end face of the bearing spring plate is 1/5-1/3 of the width of the front end face, the bearing spring plate is of a Z-shaped platy structure, the lower end face of the bearing spring plate is located below the bearing metal plate by at least 5 mm, a prestressed spring column coaxially distributed with the bearing metal plate is arranged on the lower end face of the bearing metal plate, the prestressed spring column is of a columnar spring structure coaxially distributed with the bearing metal plate, the prestressed spring column is coated outside the anchor rod, coaxially distributed and slidingly connected with the anchor rod, the upper end face of the prestressed spring column is propped against the lower end face of the bearing metal plate, and the lower end face of the prestressed spring column is propped against the concrete reinforcing layer.
6. The high ground stress soft rock tunnel yielding support structure according to claim 1, wherein: the monitoring mechanism comprises a sealing protection box, tension sensors, pressure sensors, bearing elastic pieces, a monitoring circuit and wiring terminals, wherein the sealing protection box is of a rectangular cavity structure in cross section, the monitoring circuit is located in the sealing protection box and is respectively connected with the tension sensors and the pressure sensors, the tension sensors are two in total and are respectively located on the front end face and the rear end face of the sealing protection box, the tension sensors and the sealing protection box are coaxially distributed, each tension sensor is connected with two reinforced anchor cables, an included angle of 30-60 degrees is formed between the two reinforced anchor cables connected with the same tension sensor, the pressure sensors are four in total, the pressure sensors are evenly distributed around the axis of the sealing protection box and are respectively connected with the sealing protection box through the bearing elastic pieces, the tension sensors and the pressure sensors are electrically connected with the monitoring circuit through the wiring terminals, the wiring terminals are embedded in the side surfaces of the sealing protection box, and at least one wiring terminal is electrically connected with external circuit equipment through wires.
7. The high-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding support structure according to claim 6, wherein: the monitoring circuit is a circuit system based on any one of a DSP (digital signal processor) chip and an FPGA (field programmable gate array) chip, and an auxiliary power supply based on a storage battery is additionally arranged on the monitoring circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322122171.9U CN220979513U (en) | 2023-08-08 | 2023-08-08 | High-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding supporting structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322122171.9U CN220979513U (en) | 2023-08-08 | 2023-08-08 | High-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding supporting structure |
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| CN220979513U true CN220979513U (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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| CN202322122171.9U Active CN220979513U (en) | 2023-08-08 | 2023-08-08 | High-ground-stress soft rock tunnel yielding supporting structure |
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| CN (1) | CN220979513U (en) |
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