CN220934844U - Self-destruction circuit suitable for power supply loop - Google Patents
Self-destruction circuit suitable for power supply loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN220934844U CN220934844U CN202322590420.7U CN202322590420U CN220934844U CN 220934844 U CN220934844 U CN 220934844U CN 202322590420 U CN202322590420 U CN 202322590420U CN 220934844 U CN220934844 U CN 220934844U
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Abstract
The self-destruction circuit is suitable for a power supply loop, the power supply loop is connected between a power input end Vin and a load, and the power supply loop is provided with an overcurrent breaking element F1; the self-destruction circuit comprises a thyristor Q1 and a thyristor driving circuit; the anode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with a power supply loop, and the cathode of the thyristor Q1 is grounded; the output end of the thyristor driving circuit is connected with the control electrode of the thyristor Q1, and the thyristor driving circuit is used for controlling the thyristor Q1 to be conducted when the power supply loop is short-circuited, so that the overcurrent breaking element F1 is in overcurrent breaking, and the power supply of the power supply loop to the load is cut off. The utility model can endure larger instantaneous current, and has simple circuit structure, high reliability and low implementation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to protection circuit technology.
Background
Diesel engines are difficult to start in winter at low temperatures and require a preheater to preheat the air drawn into the engine. The preheater belongs to a device which is electrified and works in a short time, and the preheating time is relatively short and is generally within 3 minutes. The preheater is operated at a temperature in excess of three thousand degrees and at a current of 100A to 200A.
The traditional preheater is switched on by adopting a relay, and once the relay fails and is short-circuited, preheating wires are continuously in a burning state and can be blown after a period of time. The blown preheating wire is sucked into the cylinder by the engine, and the engine cylinder body and the piston are damaged.
The intelligent preheating controller adopts high-side switch control formed by MOS tubes, and the MOS tubes have short-circuit failure faults. Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a prior art self-destructing circuit suitable for a supply loop. As shown in fig. 1, in the power supply loop, if the high-side switch Q5 is shorted, the load Rload (in a specific application, the heating wire of the preheater of the automobile engine) is continuously supplied with power, and energy is wasted and meanwhile, potential safety hazards are brought. By adding the self-destruction circuit, after the high-side switch Q5 is short-circuited, an overcurrent breaking element arranged in the power supply loop can be fused to break the path. The overcurrent breaking element can be a fuse, a Trace (Trace) of a PCB (printed circuit board) and the like, and compared with the fuse, the Trace of the PCB does not occupy volume, the realization cost is lower, and the fuse-like function can be achieved by only manufacturing a section of narrow Trace on the power Trace of the PCB to manufacture a weak link.
The self-destruction circuit shown in fig. 1 employs a low-side switch Q6 composed of MOS transistors. When the high-side switch Q5 is shorted, the driving signal input terminal Vdrive receives a high-level driving signal input from the outside, so that the low-side switch Q6 is turned on, the low-side switch Q6 is shorted to the ground, a large current is formed, the overcurrent breaking element F1 (the overcurrent breaking element F1 is a fuse in the example of fig. 1) in the power supply loop is blown, and the power supply loop cuts off the power supply to the load Rload.
However, in order to enable the low-side switch Q6 to pass a large current, several MOS transistors are required to be connected in parallel to form the low-side switch Q6, resulting in relatively high manufacturing cost. In addition, in order to maintain conduction of the MOS transistor, a driving voltage needs to be continuously supplied thereto. During the period of high current, the battery voltage of the vehicle may be pulled down, which may further cause the driving voltage to drop, affect the turn-on reliability of the low-side switch Q6, and may even cause self-destruction failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a self-destruction circuit suitable for a power supply loop, which can withstand larger instantaneous current, and has the advantages of simple circuit structure, high reliability and low implementation cost.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a self-destruction circuit suitable for a power supply loop, wherein the power supply loop is connected between a power input end Vin and a load, and the power supply loop is provided with an overcurrent breaking element F1; the self-destruction circuit comprises a thyristor Q1 and a thyristor driving circuit; the anode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with a power supply loop, and the cathode of the thyristor Q1 is grounded; the output end of the thyristor driving circuit is connected with the control electrode of the thyristor Q1, and the thyristor driving circuit is used for controlling the thyristor Q1 to be conducted when the power supply loop is short-circuited, so that the overcurrent breaking element F1 is in overcurrent breaking, and the power supply of the power supply loop to the load is cut off.
The utility model has at least the following technical effects:
The self-destruction circuit of the embodiment of the utility model adopts the thyristor as a switching element, has strong capability of passing instantaneous current, simple driving circuit and obvious cost advantage; in addition, the thyristor is a semi-controlled device, and can be triggered to be turned on only by an initial trigger current, and can be self-sustained by internal self-locking after being triggered to be turned on, and can be kept continuously on without external driving voltage, so that the thyristor is more reliable to be turned on.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a prior art self-destructing circuit suitable for a supply loop.
Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a self-destructing circuit suitable for use in a power supply loop in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a self-destructing circuit suitable for use in a power supply loop in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model. As shown in fig. 2, the power supply circuit is connected between the power input terminal Vin and the load Rload, and is provided with an overcurrent breaking element F1. In the example of fig. 2, the power supply loop includes a high-side switch Q5, a first conducting terminal of the high-side switch Q5 is connected to a first terminal of the overcurrent breaking element F1, and a second conducting terminal of the high-side switch Q5 is connected to the load Rload; the second terminal of the overcurrent breaking element F1 is connected to the power input terminal Vin. In other embodiments, the overcurrent breaking element F1 is connected in series between the second conduction terminal of the high-side switch Q5 and the load Rload.
In some specific applications, the high-side switch Q5 is an NMOS transistor, and the drain and the source of the NMOS transistor respectively form a first conduction terminal and a second conduction terminal of the high-side switch Q5. The overcurrent breaking element F1 is a fuse or Trace of a PCB.
A self-destructing circuit suitable for a power supply loop according to one embodiment of the present utility model includes a thyristor Q1 and a thyristor drive circuit.
The anode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with the second conducting end of the high-side switch Q5 in the power supply loop, and the cathode of the thyristor Q1 is grounded.
The output end of the thyristor driving circuit is connected with the control electrode of the thyristor Q1, and the thyristor driving circuit is used for controlling the thyristor Q1 to be conducted when a power supply loop is short-circuited (for example, the power supply loop is short-circuited due to the short-circuit failure of the high-side switch Q5), so that the overcurrent breaking element F1 is in overcurrent breaking, and the power supply of the power supply loop to the load Rload is cut off.
The thyristor drive circuit includes a transistor Q2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a transistor drive circuit 11.
The first conducting end of the transistor Q2 is connected with the power supply VCC, the second conducting end of the transistor Q2 is connected with the first end of the resistor R1, the second end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with the first end of the resistor R2 and the control electrode of the thyristor Q1, and the second end of the resistor R2 is grounded. The output end of the transistor driving circuit is connected with the controlled end of the transistor Q2, and the transistor driving circuit is used for controlling the transistor Q2 to be conducted when the power supply loop is short-circuited; the transistor Q2 controls the thyristor Q1 to be turned on when turned on.
In the present embodiment, the transistor driving circuit 11 includes a transistor Q3, a transistor Q4, a resistor R3, and a resistor R4.
The first end of the resistor R3 and the first end of the resistor R4 are respectively connected with the power supply VCC, the second end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with the controlled end of the transistor Q2 and the first conducting end of the transistor Q3, and the second conducting end of the transistor Q3 is grounded. The second terminal of the resistor R4 is connected to the controlled terminal of the transistor Q3 and the first conductive terminal of the transistor Q4, respectively, and the second conductive terminal of the transistor Q4 is grounded. The controlled terminal of the transistor Q4 is connected to the driving signal input terminal Vdrive.
Further, the transistor driving circuit further includes a resistor R5 and a resistor R6. The first end of the resistor R5 is connected with the driving signal input end Vdrive, the second end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with the first end of the resistor R6 and the controlled end of the transistor Q4, and the second end of the resistor R6 is grounded.
In this embodiment, the transistor Q2, the transistor Q3, and the transistor Q4 are NPN transistors, and a base, a collector, and an emitter of the NPN transistors respectively form a controlled terminal, a first conductive terminal, and a second conductive terminal of the transistor. The resistor R1 is used as a driving resistor, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 are used as pull-up resistors, the resistor R2 and the resistor R6 have the functions of biasing and discharging, and the resistor R5 has the function of current limiting.
During normal operation, the input signal of the driving signal input end Vdrive is low level, the NPN triode Q4 is disconnected, the NPN triode Q3 is turned on, the NPN triode Q2 is disconnected, the thyristor Q1 is always in a disconnected state, and the self-destruction circuit is not started. When the short-circuit failure of the high-side switch Q5 needs to start self-destruction, the driving signal input end Vdrive receives an externally input high-level driving signal, so that the NPN triode Q4 is turned on, the NPN triode Q3 is turned off, the NPN triode Q2 is turned on, the thyristor driving circuit generates driving pulse current, the thyristor Q1 is triggered to be turned on, and a self-destruction path is generated. After Q1 is switched on, even if the output voltage of the power supply VCC drops, the thyristor Q1 can still be kept on by itself until the fuse F1 is blown, self-destruction is realized, and the power supply of the power supply loop to the load Rload is cut off.
In one specific application, the power input Vin is connected to the power output of the battery and the load Rload is the heating wire of the engine preheater of the automobile.
The self-destruction circuit of the embodiment adopts the thyristor as a switching element, the capability of the thyristor for passing instantaneous current is strong, the driving circuit is simple, and the self-destruction circuit has obvious cost advantage; in addition, the thyristor is a semi-controlled device, and can be triggered to be turned on only by an initial trigger current, and can be self-sustained by internal self-locking after being triggered to be turned on, and can be kept continuously on without external driving voltage, so that the thyristor is turned on more reliably, and the problems that in the prior art, an MOS tube is used as a switching element, the transient current capability is weak, the parallel connection setting cost is high, and continuous power supply is needed for keeping on are solved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, it is intended that the present utility model also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The self-destruction circuit suitable for the power supply loop, the said power supply loop connects between power input Vin and load, the power supply loop has overcurrent breaking element F1; the self-destruction circuit is characterized by comprising a thyristor Q1 and a thyristor driving circuit;
The anode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with the power supply loop, and the cathode of the thyristor Q1 is grounded;
The output end of the thyristor driving circuit is connected with the control electrode of the thyristor Q1, and the thyristor driving circuit is used for controlling the thyristor Q1 to be conducted when the power supply loop is short-circuited, so that the overcurrent breaking element F1 is in overcurrent breaking, and the power supply loop is cut off for supplying power to the load.
2. The self-destruction circuit adapted for a power supply loop according to claim 1, wherein the thyristor drive circuit comprises a transistor Q2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a transistor drive circuit;
The first conducting end of the transistor Q2 is connected with the power supply VCC, the second conducting end of the transistor Q2 is connected with the first end of the resistor R1, the second end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with the first end of the resistor R2 and the control electrode of the thyristor Q1, and the second end of the resistor R2 is grounded;
The output end of the transistor driving circuit is connected with the controlled end of the transistor Q2, and the transistor driving circuit is used for controlling the transistor Q2 to be conducted when the power supply loop is short-circuited; the transistor Q2 controls the thyristor Q1 to be turned on when turned on.
3. The self-destruction circuit adapted for a power supply loop according to claim 2, wherein the transistor driving circuit comprises a transistor Q3, a transistor Q4, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4;
The first end of the resistor R3 and the first end of the resistor R4 are respectively connected with a power supply VCC, the second end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with the controlled end of the transistor Q2 and the first conducting end of the transistor Q3, and the second conducting end of the transistor Q3 is grounded; the second end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the controlled end of the transistor Q3 and the first conducting end of the transistor Q4, and the second conducting end of the transistor Q4 is grounded; the controlled terminal of the transistor Q4 is connected to the driving signal input terminal Vdrive.
4. A self-destruction circuit according to claim 3, wherein the transistor Q3 and the transistor Q4 are NPN transistors, and the base, the collector and the emitter of the NPN transistors form a controlled terminal, a first conduction terminal and a second conduction terminal of the transistor, respectively.
5. A self-destruct circuit suitable for use in a power supply loop according to claim 3, in which the transistor drive circuit includes a resistor R5 and a resistor R6;
The first end of the resistor R5 is connected with the driving signal input end Vdrive, the second end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with the first end of the resistor R6 and the controlled end of the transistor Q4, and the second end of the resistor R6 is grounded.
6. The self-destruction circuit according to claim 2, wherein the transistor Q2 is an NPN triode, and the base, collector and emitter of the NPN triode respectively form a controlled terminal, a first conduction terminal and a second conduction terminal of the transistor Q2.
7. The self-destruction circuit according to claim 1, wherein the power supply loop comprises a high-side switch Q5, a first conducting terminal of the high-side switch Q5 is connected with a power input terminal Vin, and a second conducting terminal of the high-side switch Q5 is connected with an anode of a thyristor Q1 and the load, respectively;
The overcurrent breaking element F1 is connected in series between the power input terminal Vin and the first conducting terminal of the high-side switch Q5 or between the second conducting terminal of the high-side switch Q5 and the load.
8. The self-destruction circuit for a power supply loop according to claim 7, wherein the high-side switch Q5 is an NMOS transistor, and a drain and a source of the NMOS transistor respectively form a first conduction terminal and a second conduction terminal of the high-side switch Q5.
9. Self-destructing circuit suitable for a power supply circuit according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the overcurrent breaking element F1 is a fuse or a trace of a PCB circuit board.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322590420.7U CN220934844U (en) | 2023-09-24 | 2023-09-24 | Self-destruction circuit suitable for power supply loop |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322590420.7U CN220934844U (en) | 2023-09-24 | 2023-09-24 | Self-destruction circuit suitable for power supply loop |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220934844U true CN220934844U (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322590420.7U Active CN220934844U (en) | 2023-09-24 | 2023-09-24 | Self-destruction circuit suitable for power supply loop |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220934844U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-24 CN CN202322590420.7U patent/CN220934844U/en active Active
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