CN220892225U - Circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN220892225U CN220892225U CN202322539127.8U CN202322539127U CN220892225U CN 220892225 U CN220892225 U CN 220892225U CN 202322539127 U CN202322539127 U CN 202322539127U CN 220892225 U CN220892225 U CN 220892225U
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- Prior art keywords
- coal
- air
- hearth
- sowing
- port
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The present application provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising: the hearth and the flue communicated with the hearth are provided with a plurality of hoods on the bed layer at the bottom of the hearth, and the hoods are connected with the primary air pipeline; a plurality of secondary air ports are formed at the position of 0.3-0.4 of the height of the hearth, and the secondary air ports are communicated with a secondary air pipeline through pipelines; the fluidized bed boiler provided by the application has the advantages that the tertiary air ports are formed above the secondary air ports in the hearth, part of secondary air supplied by the secondary air ports is fed into the hearth through the tertiary air ports, oxygen is supplied to fuel in the hearth, so that the fuel in the hearth is fully combusted, the combustion efficiency of the fuel in the boiler is improved, and the defect that the fuel in the hearth is insufficiently combusted due to insufficient air supply of the traditional fluidized bed boiler, so that the combustion efficiency of the boiler is lower is overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of boiler combustion, in particular to a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Background
The circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts clean coal combustion technology with high industrialization degree, the circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts fluidized combustion, the biggest difference between the circulating fluidized bed boiler and bubbling fluidized bed combustion technology is that the operation wind speed is high, heterogeneous reaction processes such as combustion and desulfurization are enhanced, the boiler capacity can be expanded to a large capacity acceptable in the electric industry, the basic problems such as thermal, mechanical and material science and engineering problems such as expansion, abrasion and overtemperature are well solved by the circulating fluidized bed boiler, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler is an advanced technology for utilizing the energy of the difficult-to-burn solid fuel.
The conventional circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts a mode of twice air supply, namely, primary air input from the bottom of a hearth and secondary air supplied in a combustion zone, but the oxygen consumption of the fuel in the combustion zone of the boiler is high and quick, and the primary air and the secondary air supplied in the combustion zone often cause insufficient combustion of the fuel, so that the combustion efficiency is relatively low.
Disclosure of utility model
The application provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which is used for solving the defect of lower combustion efficiency of the boiler caused by insufficient combustion of fuel in a hearth due to insufficient air supply of the conventional circulating fluidized bed boiler.
The present application provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising: the hearth and the flue communicated with the hearth are provided with a plurality of hoods on the bed layer at the bottom of the hearth, and the hoods are connected with the primary air pipeline;
a first coal-sowing port and a second coal-sowing port are sequentially arranged on one side wall of the hearth and close to the bed layer from bottom to top; the first coal sowing port is connected with the first coal sowing pipe, and the second coal sowing port is connected with the second coal sowing pipe; the first coal sowing pipe is communicated with the primary air pipe through a first coal sowing air pipe; the second coal sowing pipe is communicated with the primary air pipe through a second coal sowing air pipe;
a plurality of secondary air ports are formed at the position of 0.3-0.4 of the height of the hearth, and the secondary air ports are communicated with a secondary air pipeline through pipelines;
A plurality of tertiary air ports are formed between the secondary air ports and the flame folding corners, and the tertiary air ports are communicated with the secondary air pipeline through pipelines;
The flue is sequentially provided with an upper economizer, a catalytic bed layer, a lower economizer and an air preheater from top to bottom;
One side wall of the flue close to the hearth is sequentially communicated with an exhaust port and an air inlet of the cyclone separator from top to bottom; the exhaust and air inlet are positioned between the upper economizer and the catalytic bed;
The material output end of the cyclone separator is communicated with the hearth through a pipeline; the air preheater is connected with the primary air pipeline.
Optionally, a plurality of deflectors are also arranged between the upper economizer and the catalytic bed.
Optionally, the guide plate comprises a V-shaped frame formed by an upper frame plate and a lower frame plate, and a flat plate is welded in a plane formed by the V-shaped frame;
one end of the upper frame plate is connected with one end of the lower frame plate, the other end of the upper frame plate is free, and the free end of the upper frame plate is connected to the side wall, close to the hearth, between the exhaust port and the upper economizer; one free end of the lower frame plate is connected to the side wall, close to the hearth, between the air inlet and the catalytic bed layer;
The connecting ends of the upper frame plate and the lower frame plate are in contact with the side wall of the flue far away from the hearth.
Optionally, a first lifting air port is arranged below the first coal sowing port and close to the first coal sowing port; a second lifting air port is arranged below the second coal sowing port and close to the second coal sowing port;
the first lifting air port and the second lifting air port are respectively communicated with the primary air pipeline through pipelines.
Optionally, the air blowing angle of the secondary air port is inclined downward, and the included angle between the secondary air port and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees.
Optionally, the air blowing angle of the tertiary air port is inclined downward, and the included angle between the tertiary air port and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees.
Optionally, the first coal-sowing air pipe is communicated with the elbow of the first coal-sowing pipe, and the included angle between the first coal-sowing air pipe and the axis of the first coal-sowing pipe is 0-15 degrees;
the second coal-sowing air pipe is communicated with the elbow of the second coal-sowing pipe, and the included angle between the second coal-sowing air pipe and the axis of the second coal-sowing pipe is 0-15 degrees.
According to the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the tertiary air port is formed above the secondary air port in the hearth, part of secondary air supplied by the secondary air pipeline is fed into the hearth through the tertiary air port, oxygen is supplied to fuel in the hearth, so that the fuel in the hearth is fully combusted, the combustion efficiency of the fuel in the boiler is improved, and the defect of low combustion efficiency of the boiler caused by insufficient combustion of the fuel in the hearth due to insufficient air supply of the traditional fluidized bed boiler is overcome.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a baffle according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to another embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. A furnace; 2. a flue; 3. a cyclone separator; 10. folding the flame angle; 11. a hood; 12. a primary air duct; 13. a first coal pipe; 14. a second coal pipe; 15. a secondary air duct; 21. a coal economizer is arranged; 22. a catalytic bed layer; 23. a lower economizer; 24. an air preheater; 25. a deflector; 101. a first coal-sowing port; 102. a second coal sowing port; 103. a secondary air port; 104. a tertiary air port; 105. a first lift tuyere; 106. a second lift tuyere; 131. a first coal-sowing air pipe; 141. a second coal-sowing air pipe; 201. an exhaust port; 202. an air inlet; 251. an upper frame plate; 252. a lower frame plate; 253. and (3) a flat plate.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are also within the scope of the application.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the application provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises a hearth 1 and a flue 2 communicated with the hearth 1, wherein a bed layer at the bottom of the hearth 1 is provided with a plurality of hoods 11, and the hoods 11 are connected with a primary air pipeline 12;
A first coal-sowing port 101 and a second coal-sowing port 102 are sequentially arranged on one side wall of the hearth 1, which is close to the bed layer, from bottom to top; the first coal-sowing port 101 is connected with the first coal-sowing pipe 13, and the second coal-sowing port 102 is connected with the second coal-sowing pipe 14; the first coal-sowing pipe 13 is communicated with the primary air pipeline 12 through a first coal-sowing air pipe 131; the second coal-sowing pipe 14 is communicated with the primary air pipeline 12 through a second coal-sowing air pipe 141;
A plurality of secondary air ports 103 are formed at the position of 0.3-0.4 of the height of the hearth 1, and the secondary air ports 103 are communicated with a secondary air pipeline 15 through pipelines;
A plurality of tertiary air ports 104 are formed between the secondary air ports 103 and the flame folding corners 10, and the tertiary air ports 104 are communicated with the secondary air pipeline 15 through pipelines;
The flue 2 is provided with an upper economizer 21, a catalytic bed 22, a lower economizer 23 and an air preheater 24 in sequence from top to bottom;
A side wall of the flue 2, which is close to the hearth 1, is sequentially communicated with an exhaust port 201 and an air inlet 202 of the cyclone separator 3 from top to bottom, and the exhaust port 201 and the air inlet 202 are positioned between the upper economizer 21 and the catalytic bed 22;
The material output end of the cyclone separator 3 is communicated with the hearth 1 through a pipeline; an air preheater 24 is connected to the primary air duct 12.
In the embodiment of the application, two coal-sowing ports are taken as an example for illustration, and a plurality of coal-sowing ports can be arranged adaptively in practice so as to ensure sufficient supply of fuel in a hearth.
In one realisable form of the application, the secondary air ports 103 may be symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the opposed hearth 1; similarly, the tertiary air port 104 may also be provided in this manner.
When the boiler is used, primary air is supplied from the bottom of a hearth 1 through the primary air pipeline 12, the primary air is blown out from the plurality of hoods 11 at the bottom of the hearth 1 to blow the bed, so that coal dust and filler of the bed are in a fluidized state to enable the coal dust to burn more fully, meanwhile, externally supplied coal dust respectively falls into the first coal-sowing pipe 13 and the second coal-sowing pipe 14, when the coal dust falls to the elbow of the coal-sowing pipe, the first coal-sowing air pipe 131 communicated with the elbow of the first coal-sowing pipe 13 and the second coal-sowing air pipe 141 communicated with the elbow of the second coal-sowing pipe 14 are respectively blown into the hearth 1 from the primary air pipeline 12, and the coal dust is respectively blown into the first coal-sowing air pipe 131 and the second coal-sowing air pipe 141 from the first coal-sowing port 101 and the second coal-sowing port 102.
In the combustion process of the pulverized coal in the furnace 1, the secondary air pipeline 15 blows secondary air into the furnace 1 through the secondary air port 103, and the combustion zone at the middle and lower part of the furnace 1 is disturbed to fully mix the combustion matters in the furnace 1 with air while oxygen is provided for the pulverized coal combusted in the furnace 1. Meanwhile, part of secondary air of the secondary air pipeline 15 enters the tertiary air port 104 above the secondary air port 103 through the pipeline, and the blown tertiary air supplies oxygen into the hearth 1 again, so that combustible matters (carbon monoxide, tiny carbon powder or coal dust and the like) ascending along with flue gas in the hearth 1 are promoted to be fully combusted, and the combustion efficiency is improved.
Flue gas (which contains small coal dust or carbon dust or other combustible solid substances formed by the coal dust at high temperature, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide and the like generated by the coal dust after combustion) generated by the coal dust combusted in the hearth 1 ascends along with the air flow and enters the flue 2. The hot high-temperature air flows firstly enter the cyclone separator 3 from the air inlet 202 after heat exchange and temperature reduction of the upper economizer 21, solid particles and gas in the flue gas are separated, the separated solids are output from the material output end at the bottom of the cyclone separator 3 to the hearth for continuous combustion, the gas separated by the cyclone separator 3 is discharged from the air outlet 201 to the flue 2 and then enters the catalytic bed 22, and the gas reacts with ammonia water or urea solution on the catalytic bed 22 to reduce nitrogen oxides in the flue gas into nitrogen for denitration.
The flue gas after denitration of the catalytic bed layer 22 continues to flow downwards from the flue 2, sequentially passes through the lower economizer 23 and the air preheater 24, and is discharged into a corresponding treatment device for dedusting and then is discharged. The flue gas exchanges heat with the primary air in the air preheater 24, and the primary air after heat exchange is input into the primary air pipeline 12 for blowing the primary air into the hearth 1.
According to the fluidized bed boiler, the tertiary air port 104 is formed above the secondary air port 103 in the hearth 1, part of secondary air supplied by the secondary air pipeline 15 is sent into the hearth 1 through the tertiary air port 104, and oxygen is supplied to fuel in the hearth 1, so that the fuel in the hearth 1 is fully combusted, the combustion efficiency of the fuel in the boiler is improved, and the defect of low combustion efficiency of the boiler caused by insufficient combustion of the fuel in the hearth due to insufficient air supply of the traditional fluidized bed boiler is overcome.
As shown in fig. 1, a plurality of deflectors 25 are optionally further provided between the upper economizer 21 and the catalytic bed 22.
In the application, the guide plate 25 is arranged to guide and flow the flue gas travelling from the top to bottom of the flue 2, so that the flue gas uniformly passes through the catalytic bed layer 22 after passing through the effect of the guide plate 25, and the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas can be fully reduced in the catalytic bed layer 22.
As shown in fig. 3, the baffle 25 may alternatively comprise a V-shaped frame formed by an upper frame plate 251 and a lower frame plate 252, and a flat plate 253 is welded in a plane formed by the V-shaped frame;
One end of the upper frame plate 251 is connected with one end of the lower frame plate 252, the other end is free, and the free end of the upper frame plate 251 is connected on the side wall, close to the hearth 1, between the exhaust port 201 and the upper economizer 21; the free end of the lower frame plate 252 is connected to the side wall between the air inlet 202 and the catalytic bed 22, which is close to the hearth 1;
the connecting ends of the upper frame plate 251 and the lower frame plate 252 are arranged on the side wall of the flue 2 far away from the hearth 1 in a collision manner.
In the present application, the upper and lower frame plates 251 and 252 of the baffle 25 are welded into a V-shaped frame in which flat plates are welded, whereby the entire baffle 25 has a triangular shape. When in distribution, a certain gap is reserved among the plurality of guide plates 25 for the flue gas from top to bottom in the flue 2 to pass through.
Meanwhile, since the V-shaped opening end of the V-shaped frame in the baffle 25 covers the exhaust port 201 and the air inlet 202, there is a smoke travelling from top to bottom in the area where the baffle 25 is located and separated gas exhausted from the exhaust port 201, so that a smoke mixing area is formed in the area where the baffle 25 is located, and the flue gas meeting at the area can flow uniformly and then move downwards to reach the catalytic bed layer 22 just due to the existence of the baffle 25. When in setting, the upper frame plate 251 is obliquely arranged, the included angle between the upper frame plate 251 and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees, and the lower frame plate 252 is also obliquely arranged, and the included angle between the lower frame plate and the horizontal plane is 15-30 degrees.
As shown in fig. 4, optionally, a first lifting tuyere 105 is provided below the first coal hole 101 and close to the first coal hole 101; a second lifting air port 106 is arranged below the second coal sowing port 102 and close to the second coal sowing port 102;
the first lift tuyere 105 and the second lift tuyere 106 are respectively communicated with the primary air duct 12 through ducts.
In the application, the first lifting air port 105 and the second lifting air port 106 are both arranged in an upward inclined way towards the outlet in the hearth 1, and form an included angle of 15-30 degrees with the horizontal plane, so that blown lifting air can blow upwards.
Optionally, the air blowing angle of the secondary air port 103 is inclined downward, and the included angle between the secondary air port 103 and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees.
In the application, because the lower section of the hearth is the main combustion zone, the oxygen consumption in the zone is high and fast, so that the blowing angle of the secondary air port 103 is set to be inclined downwards, fresh oxygen can be quickly supplemented to the main combustion zone, and the pulverized coal can be fully combusted.
Optionally, the air blowing angle of the tertiary air port 104 is inclined downward, and the included angle between the tertiary air port 104 and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees.
In the present application, the air blowing angle of the tertiary air port 104 is inclined downward. The pulverized coal burnt in the main combustion zone inevitably generates carbon powder or carbon monoxide due to high temperature, insufficient oxygen and the like in the combustion process, and the substances are generated by insufficient combustion of the pulverized coal and can ascend along with hot air flow so as to enable the substances to be fully combusted, therefore, the tertiary air port 104 is arranged, the blowing direction of the tertiary air port 104 is inclined downwards, and oxygen is timely supplemented into the tertiary air port 104, so that the substances are fully combusted, and the combustion efficiency of the tertiary air port is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, optionally, the first coal-sowing air pipe 131 is communicated with the elbow of the first coal-sowing pipe 13, and the included angle between the first coal-sowing air pipe 131 and the axis of the first coal-sowing pipe 13 is 0-15 degrees;
The second coal-sowing air pipe 141 is communicated with the elbow of the second coal-sowing pipe 14, and the included angle between the second coal-sowing air pipe 141 and the axis 14 of the second coal-sowing pipe is 0-15 degrees.
In the application, the coal-sowing air pipe is communicated with the elbow of the coal-sowing pipe, the included angle is 0-15 degrees, and the nearly vertical air supply mode ensures that the elbow of the coal-sowing air pipe and the elbow of the coal-sowing pipe can be tangent, so that the blockage of the coal-sowing pipe can be reduced.
A circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises the following working processes:
When the boiler is used, primary air is supplied from the bottom of a hearth 1 through the primary air pipeline 12, the primary air is blown out from a plurality of air caps at the bottom of the hearth 1 to blow the bed, so that coal dust and filler of the bed are in a fluidized state to enable the coal dust to burn more fully, meanwhile, externally supplied coal dust respectively falls into the first coal-sowing pipe 13 and the second coal-sowing pipe 14, when the coal dust falls to the elbow of the coal-sowing pipe, the first coal-sowing air pipe 131 communicated with the elbow of the first coal-sowing pipe 13 and the second coal-sowing air pipe 141 communicated with the elbow of the second coal-sowing pipe 14 are blown out from the primary air pipeline 12 to the first coal-sowing air pipe 131 and the second coal-sowing air pipe 141 respectively, and coal dust is blown into the hearth 1 from the first coal-sowing port 101 and the second coal-sowing port 102 respectively, and simultaneously, the first lifting air port 105 and the second lifting air port 106 below the first coal-sowing port 101 are blown out from the air pair of the primary air pipeline 12 to enable the upward spreading range to be more fully blown, so that the coal dust can burn more fully.
In the combustion process of the pulverized coal in the furnace 1, the secondary air pipeline 15 blows secondary air into the furnace 1 through the secondary air port 103, and the combustion zone at the middle and lower part of the furnace 1 is disturbed to fully mix the combustion matters in the furnace 1 with air while oxygen is provided for the pulverized coal combusted in the furnace 1. Meanwhile, part of secondary air of the secondary air pipeline 15 enters the tertiary air port 104 above the secondary air port 103 through the pipeline, and the blown tertiary air supplies oxygen into the hearth 1 again, so that combustibles (carbon monoxide, fine carbon powder or pulverized coal and the like) ascending along with flue gas in the hearth 1 are promoted to be fully combusted, and the combustion efficiency is improved.
Flue gas (which contains small coal dust or carbon dust or other combustible solid substances formed by the coal dust at high temperature, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide and the like generated by the coal dust after combustion) generated by the coal dust combusted in the hearth 1 ascends along with the air flow and enters the flue 2. The hot high-temperature air flows firstly pass through the upper economizer 21 to exchange heat and cool, then pass through a mixing area formed by the guide plates 25, in the area, the flue gas cooled by the upper economizer 21 enters the cyclone separator 3 from the air inlet 202 to separate solid particles and gas in the flue gas, the separated solid is output from the material output end at the bottom of the cyclone separator 3 to the hearth to continue burning, the gas separated by the cyclone separator 3 is discharged from the air outlet 201 to the flue 2, enters the mixing area surrounded by the guide plates 25, the flue gas enters the catalytic bed 22 after being guided by the guide plates 25, reacts with ammonia water or urea solution on the catalytic bed 22, and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas are reduced into nitrogen for denitration.
The flue gas after denitration of the catalytic bed layer 22 continues to flow downwards from the flue 2, sequentially passes through the lower economizer 23 and the air preheater 24, and is discharged into a corresponding treatment device for dedusting and then is discharged. The flue gas exchanges heat with the primary air in the air preheater 24, and the primary air after heat exchange is input into the primary air pipeline 12 for blowing the primary air into the hearth 1.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present application, and not limiting thereof; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that; the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (7)
1. The circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a hearth (1) and a flue (2) communicated with the hearth (1), and is characterized in that a plurality of hoods (11) are arranged on a bed layer at the bottom of the hearth (1), and the hoods (11) are connected with a primary air pipeline (12);
A first coal-sowing port (101) and a second coal-sowing port (102) are sequentially formed in a position, close to a bed layer, on one side wall of the hearth (1) from bottom to top; the first coal sowing port (101) is connected with the first coal sowing pipe (13), and the second coal sowing port (102) is connected with the second coal sowing pipe (14); the first coal sowing pipe (13) is communicated with the primary air pipeline (12) through a first coal sowing air pipe (131); the second coal sowing pipe (14) is communicated with the primary air pipeline (12) through a second coal sowing air pipe (141);
A plurality of secondary air ports (103) are formed in the position of 0.3-0.4 of the height of the hearth (1), and the secondary air ports (103) are communicated with a secondary air pipeline (15) through pipelines;
A plurality of tertiary air ports (104) are formed between the secondary air ports (103) and the flame folding corners (10), and the tertiary air ports (104) are communicated with a secondary air pipeline (15) through pipelines;
The flue (2) is sequentially provided with an upper economizer (21), a catalytic bed (22), a lower economizer (23) and an air preheater (24) from top to bottom;
A side wall of the flue (2) close to the hearth (1) is sequentially communicated with an air outlet (201) and an air inlet (202) of the cyclone separator (3) from top to bottom; the exhaust port (201) and the air inlet (202) are positioned between the upper economizer (21) and the catalytic bed (22);
the material output end of the cyclone separator (3) is communicated with the hearth (1) through a pipeline; the air preheater (24) is connected with the primary air pipeline (12).
2. Circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of baffles (25) are also arranged between the upper economizer (21) and the catalytic bed (22).
3. Circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that the deflector (25) comprises a V-shaped frame of upper (251) and lower (252) frame plates, the plane of V-shaped frame being welded with a flat plate (253);
One end of the upper frame plate (251) is connected with one end of the lower frame plate (252), the other end of the upper frame plate (251) is free, and the free end of the upper frame plate (251) is connected on the side wall, close to the hearth (1), between the exhaust port (201) and the upper economizer (21); the free end of the lower frame plate (252) is connected to the side wall, close to the hearth (1), between the air inlet (202) and the catalytic bed layer (22);
The connecting ends of the upper frame plate (251) and the lower frame plate (252) are in abutting contact with the side wall of the flue (2) far away from the hearth (1).
4. The circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that a first lifting tuyere (105) is arranged below the first coal-feeding port (101) and close to the first coal-feeding port (101); a second lifting air port (106) is formed below the second coal sowing port (102) and close to the second coal sowing port (102);
The first lifting air port (105) and the second lifting air port (106) are respectively communicated with the primary air pipeline (12) through pipelines.
5. Circulating fluidized bed boiler according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the air blowing angle of the secondary air port (103) is inclined downwards, and the angle between the secondary air port (103) and the horizontal plane is 30-45 °.
6. The circulating fluidized bed boiler of any of claims 1-4, wherein the air blowing angle of the tertiary air port (104) is inclined downward, and the tertiary air port (104) forms an angle of 45-60 ° with the horizontal plane.
7. The circulating fluidized bed boiler according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the first coal-feeding air duct (131) is communicated with the elbow of the first coal-feeding pipe (13), and the included angle between the first coal-feeding air duct (131) and the axis of the first coal-feeding pipe (13) is 0-15 °;
The second coal-sowing air pipe (141) is communicated with the elbow of the second coal-sowing pipe (14), and the included angle between the second coal-sowing air pipe (141) and the axis of the second coal-sowing pipe (14) is 0-15 degrees.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322539127.8U CN220892225U (en) | 2023-09-19 | 2023-09-19 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322539127.8U CN220892225U (en) | 2023-09-19 | 2023-09-19 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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| CN220892225U true CN220892225U (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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| CN202322539127.8U Active CN220892225U (en) | 2023-09-19 | 2023-09-19 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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