CN220829989U - Cold starting device for fuel cell - Google Patents
Cold starting device for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN220829989U CN220829989U CN202322341194.9U CN202322341194U CN220829989U CN 220829989 U CN220829989 U CN 220829989U CN 202322341194 U CN202322341194 U CN 202322341194U CN 220829989 U CN220829989 U CN 220829989U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- hydrogen
- cold start
- battery
- heater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a fuel cell cold start device, which can eliminate the dependence on the electric quantity of a storage battery during the cold start of a fuel cell and can finish the cold start by using extremely low initial electric energy, and the specific scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a fuel cell cold start device, includes hydrogen heater, hydrogen heater is connected with the battery electricity, hydrogen heater passes through the pipe connection with fuel cell's hydrogen source, the battery is provided with battery heating device outward, battery heating device both sides respectively through first circulation pipeline with hydrogen heater is connected, antifreeze can circulate in first circulation pipeline, hydrogen heater passes through the both ends of second circulation pipeline with fuel cell to be connected, antifreeze can circulate between hydrogen heater and fuel cell through the second circulation pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a cold start device of a fuel cell.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
As shown in fig. 1, a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is one of hydrogen fuel cells that is successfully started below zero degrees celsius (-30 ℃ or even lower) and enters a normal operating state, a process called cold start of the fuel cell. The water, which is a reaction product of hydrogen fuel and oxide, is frozen due to low temperature, and freezing of water occurs in the catalyst layer, the gas diffusion layer, and the flow channels of the fuel cell due to its formation mechanism and transfer path.
Freezing of water occurs at the catalyst layer: freezing water reduces the reaction landing area of hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules, so that the active surface becomes smaller, the current density is reduced, and the battery cannot be started;
Freezing of water occurs in the gas diffusion layer: the gas permeability of the gas diffusion layer is destroyed, and hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules cannot pass through the gas diffusion layer to reach the catalyst layer for reaction;
Freezing of water occurs in the flow channel: the water freezes into ice, which directly blocks the flow of gas, and the gas hardly enters the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer.
In the prior art, purging is usually performed after the fuel cell is stopped, and residual moisture in the cell is discharged by means of blowing air (hydrogen or other inert gases) into the cell or suddenly reducing the air inlet pressure; during cold start, the temperature of the fuel cell is increased by internal heating or external heating to melt residual ice, so that possible influence is eliminated, and then the fuel cell is started to achieve the aim of cold start.
When an internal heating mode is adopted, a certain proportion of oxyhydrogen mixed gas is introduced into a cathode or an anode of the fuel cell, and the purpose of rapidly improving the temperature of the fuel cell is achieved by utilizing the heat released by oxidation of hydrogen on a membrane electrode catalytic layer; or the direct current power supply is connected with the fuel cell in series, a variable resistor is added in the middle to control the current, the anode and the cathode of the membrane electrode are exchanged after the power is applied, and the hydrogen on the cathode side directly reacts with the introduced oxygen to quickly increase the temperature of the cell. This approach requires a more stringent control system and requires the battery to provide power, the control cost is higher and the battery voltage is difficult to guarantee at low temperatures.
When the external heating method is adopted, the fuel cell is heated by an external device. If the electric heater heats the freezing liquid which is introduced into the battery, the temperature of the battery is quickly increased, and the influence of the freezing water is eliminated. In the mode, external equipment such as an electric heater and the like can be additionally arranged, and the storage battery is also required to provide electric energy for a long time. The storage capacity of the storage battery can be reduced rapidly at low temperature, the capacity of the storage battery pack is increased, the extra space and weight of the equipment are increased, the equipment cost is increased, and the safety is reduced. Meanwhile, long-time low-temperature operation causes certain damage to the service life of the storage battery.
Disclosure of utility model
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, a first object of the present utility model is to provide a cold start device for a fuel cell, which can eliminate the dependence on the electric quantity of a storage battery during cold start of the fuel cell, and can complete the cold start with extremely low initial electric energy.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a fuel cell cold start device, includes hydrogen heater, hydrogen heater is connected with the battery electricity, hydrogen heater passes through the pipe connection with fuel cell's hydrogen source, the battery is provided with battery heating device outward, battery heating device both sides respectively through first circulation pipeline with hydrogen heater is connected, antifreeze can circulate in first circulation pipeline, hydrogen heater passes through the both ends of second circulation pipeline with fuel cell to be connected, antifreeze can circulate between hydrogen heater and fuel cell through the second circulation pipeline.
Further, the fuel cell is connected to the first antifreeze storage device through a third circulation line.
Further, a second water pump is arranged on the second circulating pipeline and is electrically connected with the fuel cell and the storage battery respectively.
Further, the battery heating device comprises a water bath heater.
Further, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first circulating pipeline, a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second circulating pipeline, and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are electrically connected with the storage battery.
Further, a first water pump is arranged on the first circulating pipeline and is electrically connected with the storage battery.
Further, a first antifreeze storage tank is connected to the first circulation pipeline.
Further, a radiator is arranged on the third circulating pipeline.
Further, the hydrogen heater comprises a fan and an igniter, and the fan and the igniter are electrically connected with the storage battery.
Further, a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the hydrogen heater and the hydrogen source.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1) According to the utility model, the hydrogen heater is started by the storage battery to heat the antifreeze, so that the electric energy requirement of the storage battery is reduced compared with an electric heater powered by the storage battery, the storage battery can be selected to have smaller capacity and more types, and the equipment space and cost are saved; in addition, the storage battery heating device is arranged outside the storage battery, two sides of the storage battery heating device are respectively connected with the hydrogen heater through the first circulating pipeline, the storage battery is heated by the antifreeze and the storage battery heating device while the antifreeze is heated, the performance of the storage battery is improved, the long-time work of the storage battery in a low-temperature environment is avoided, the influence of low temperature on the performance of the storage battery is effectively reduced, the performance of the storage battery is improved, and the application scene of the storage battery is widened.
2) Compared with the prior art that the cold start is performed by adopting an internal heating mode, the control flow is simple, the control component is concise, and the control algorithm is easy to develop; the failure rate is low, and the safety is high; the whole system is easy to maintain, the system does not need to be controlled strictly, the storage battery does not need to continuously provide electric energy, the control cost is reduced, and the long-time work of the storage battery in a low-temperature environment is avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cold start device for a fuel cell according to one or more embodiments of the present utility model.
In the figure: the mutual spacing or dimensions are exaggerated for the purpose of showing the positions of the various parts, and the schematic illustration is only schematic.
Wherein: 1. the system comprises a hydrogen source 2, a hydrogen pipe 3, a third solenoid valve 4, a second solenoid valve 5, a fourth solenoid valve 6, a radiator 7, a second antifreeze storage tank 8, a fuel cell 9, a second circulation pipeline 10, a third circulation pipeline 11, a second water pump 12, a fifth solenoid valve 14, a first circulation pipeline 15, a first water pump 16, a first antifreeze storage tank 17, a storage battery 18, a storage battery heating device 19, an igniter 20 and a fan.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the utility model. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs.
Example 1
A cold start device of fuel cell is shown in FIG. 2, wherein the thick and thick lines are hydrogen pipelines, the thin and thick lines are antifreeze pipelines, and the thin and thick lines are circuits.
The cold starting device comprises a hydrogen heater, the hydrogen heater is electrically connected with a storage battery 17, the hydrogen heater is connected with a hydrogen source 1 of a fuel cell 8 through a hydrogen pipe 2, a storage battery heating device 18 is arranged outside the storage battery, two sides of the storage battery heating device are respectively connected with the hydrogen heater through a first circulation pipeline 14, an antifreeze liquid pipeline is heated by the hydrogen heater, so that the temperature of the antifreeze liquid in the first circulation pipeline is improved, the antifreeze liquid can circularly flow in the first circulation pipeline, the hydrogen heater is connected with two ends of the fuel cell through a second circulation pipeline 9, and the antifreeze liquid can circularly flow between the hydrogen heater and the fuel cell through the second circulation pipeline.
The cold starting device starts the hydrogen heater to heat the antifreeze through the storage battery, so that the electric energy requirement of the storage battery is reduced compared with an electric heater powered by the storage battery, the storage battery can be selected to have smaller capacity and more types, and the equipment space and cost are saved; in addition, the storage battery heating device is arranged outside the storage battery, two sides of the storage battery heating device are respectively connected with the hydrogen heater through the first circulating pipeline, the storage battery is heated by the antifreeze and the storage battery heating device while the antifreeze is heated, the performance of the storage battery is improved, the long-time work of the storage battery in a low-temperature environment is avoided, the influence of low temperature on the performance of the storage battery is effectively reduced, the performance of the storage battery is improved, and the application scene of the storage battery is widened.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen pipeline includes two hydrogen pipes, one end of each of the two hydrogen pipes is connected with a hydrogen source, the other end of one of the two hydrogen pipes is connected with a fuel cell, the other end of the other hydrogen pipe is connected with a hydrogen heater, and a fourth electromagnetic valve 5 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the hydrogen heater and the hydrogen source.
The first circulation pipeline is an antifreezing solution pipeline, and comprises an upper branch pipe and a lower branch pipe, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the upper branch pipe is connected with the outlet end of the hydrogen heater and the inlet end of the storage battery heating device, the lower branch pipe is connected with the inlet end of the hydrogen heater and the outlet end of the storage battery heating device, and the upper branch pipe is further provided with a second antifreezing solution storage tank 7, a first electromagnetic valve and a first water pump 15 in sequence, and the first water pump and the first electromagnetic valve are electrically connected with the storage battery.
The storage battery supplies power to the water pump, the igniter 19, the electromagnetic valve and the fan 20 of the hydrogen gas heater; starting a hydrogen gas heater to heat the antifreeze fluid to finish the circulation of the antifreeze fluid; the process heats the battery to quickly recover the power. The accumulator requires little initial stored power at low temperature to support the cycle to start the whole set of cold start system.
The second circulation pipeline is also an antifreezing solution pipeline, the second circulation pipeline comprises a left branch pipe and a right branch pipe, the left branch pipe is connected with the outlet end of the fuel cell and the inlet end of the hydrogen heater, the right branch pipe is connected with the inlet end of the fuel cell and the outlet end of the hydrogen heater, and a water pump is arranged on the second circulation pipeline to realize the circulating flow of the antifreezing solution of the second circulation pipeline; one end of the right branch pipe can be connected between the first antifreeze storage tank 16 and the first electromagnetic valve, the other end of the right branch pipe is still connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell, the right branch pipe is further provided with a second water pump 11 and a fifth electromagnetic valve 12 in sequence, the right branch pipe is provided with a second electromagnetic valve 4, the second water pump is utilized to realize the circulating flow of the antifreeze in the second antifreeze storage tank in the second circulating pipeline, and the second electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the second water pump are all electrically connected through storage batteries.
After the heating link of the storage battery is successfully completed; the electric quantity is recovered; closing the first electromagnetic valve, opening the second electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve, heating the antifreeze by the hydrogen gas heater, leading the antifreeze to the fuel cell, circulating the antifreeze in the second circulating pipeline, heating the fuel cell, and eliminating the internal frozen water. The process is still that the storage battery provides electric energy for the water pump, the fan and the electromagnetic valve; after the fuel cell temperature has risen to a certain temperature or has been maintained at a certain temperature for a certain period of time, the process ends.
The third circulation pipeline 10 is also an antifreeze liquid pipeline, the fuel cell is connected with the first antifreeze liquid storage device through the third circulation pipeline, specifically, one end of the third circulation pipeline is connected with a second circulation pipeline between the fifth electromagnetic valve and the fuel cell, the other end of the third circulation pipeline is connected with a second circulation pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve and the second water pump, the third circulation pipeline is sequentially provided with the third electromagnetic valve 3, the radiator 6 and the first antifreeze liquid storage tank, and the antifreeze liquid is enabled to circulate between the first antifreeze liquid storage tank and the fuel cell by using the second water pump.
After the fuel cell is heated, closing the hydrogen gas heater, closing the second electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve, opening the third electromagnetic valve, and switching the circulation of the antifreeze fluid to the self heat dissipation circulation of the fuel cell; the fuel cell is turned on and the cold start is completed.
The storage battery heating device can select a water bath heater, and the storage battery is subjected to heat exchange by using the antifreeze.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell cold start device, its characterized in that includes hydrogen heater, hydrogen heater is connected with the battery electricity, hydrogen heater passes through the pipe connection with fuel cell's hydrogen source, the battery is provided with battery heating device outward, battery heating device both sides respectively through first circulation pipeline with hydrogen heater is connected, and the antifreeze can circulate in first circulation pipeline, hydrogen heater passes through the both ends of second circulation pipeline with fuel cell and is connected, and the antifreeze can circulate between hydrogen heater and fuel cell through the second circulation pipeline.
2. The cold start device of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is connected to the first antifreeze storage device via a third circulation line.
3. A cold start device for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein a second water pump is provided on the second circulation line, and the second water pump is electrically connected to the fuel cell and the battery, respectively.
4. A fuel cell cold start-up device according to claim 1, wherein the battery heating means comprises a water bath heater.
5. The cold start device of claim 1, wherein a first electromagnetic valve is disposed on the first circulation line, a second electromagnetic valve is disposed on the second circulation line, and both the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are electrically connected with the storage battery.
6. The cold start device of claim 1, wherein the first circulation line is provided with a first water pump, and the first water pump is electrically connected to the battery.
7. The cold start device of claim 1, wherein the first circulation line is connected to a first antifreeze storage tank.
8. A cold start device for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein a radiator is provided on the third circulation line.
9. A cold start device for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen heater comprises a blower and an igniter, the blower and igniter being electrically connected to a battery.
10. A cold start device for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a fourth electromagnetic valve is provided on a connection pipe of the hydrogen heater and a hydrogen source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322341194.9U CN220829989U (en) | 2023-08-30 | 2023-08-30 | Cold starting device for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322341194.9U CN220829989U (en) | 2023-08-30 | 2023-08-30 | Cold starting device for fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220829989U true CN220829989U (en) | 2024-04-23 |
Family
ID=90722749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322341194.9U Active CN220829989U (en) | 2023-08-30 | 2023-08-30 | Cold starting device for fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220829989U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-08-30 CN CN202322341194.9U patent/CN220829989U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106558713B (en) | Low-temperature starting system and operation method for fuel cell | |
| CN110957503B (en) | Air heating reflux system for low-temperature starting of fuel cell and control method | |
| CN105390715B (en) | A kind of low-temperature cool starting fuel cell system and utilize method | |
| US6673481B1 (en) | Initiating operation of an electric vehicle or other load powered by a fuel cell at sub-freezing temperature | |
| JP3999498B2 (en) | Fuel cell system and method for stopping the same | |
| CN107394232B (en) | Power system of fuel cell and vehicle | |
| CN100379065C (en) | Fuel-cell generating system capable of starting and operating in low-temperature environment | |
| JP3741009B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| CN105702979A (en) | Starting method for fuel cell stack in environment below zero | |
| CN102496730A (en) | Thermal management system for low temperature starting of fuel cell power generation system and method thereof | |
| KR20140031236A (en) | Compact fuel cell | |
| US7112379B2 (en) | Vacuum assisted startup of a fuel cell at sub-freezing temperature | |
| JP3883125B2 (en) | Fuel cell system and method for stopping fuel cell system | |
| CN101356681B (en) | Fuel cell system and operating method | |
| CN114171761B (en) | Quick low-temperature starting method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell | |
| KR20070087679A (en) | Passive microcoolant loop for an electrochemical fuel cell | |
| CN114284522B (en) | Fuel cell cold start device based on phase change heat storage and control method | |
| CN220829989U (en) | Cold starting device for fuel cell | |
| JP2009199751A (en) | Fuel cell system, and method of controlling the same | |
| CN108808035B (en) | Power system of fuel cell automobile capable of being cold started at ultralow temperature below-40 DEG C | |
| CN114678562B (en) | Fuel cell low-temperature starting system and control method | |
| CN114023999B (en) | Fuel cell system with rapid cold start function and start method thereof | |
| CN216054819U (en) | Stepping motor controlled magnetocaloric fuel cell thermal management system | |
| JP5287368B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| CN116264297A (en) | Low-temperature starting method of low-pressure hydrogen-air fuel cell system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |