CN220822712U - Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment - Google Patents
Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN220822712U CN220822712U CN202320895996.1U CN202320895996U CN220822712U CN 220822712 U CN220822712 U CN 220822712U CN 202320895996 U CN202320895996 U CN 202320895996U CN 220822712 U CN220822712 U CN 220822712U
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- permanent magnet
- motor
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical group [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 9
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RKLPWYXSIBFAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nd].[Pr] Chemical compound [Nd].[Pr] RKLPWYXSIBFAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 neodymium rare earth Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a motor, a compressor and refrigeration equipment. The motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein a permanent magnet in the rotor is a cerium-containing permanent magnet, the stator comprises a stator core, the stator core is provided with Q stator teeth, the length of the stator core is L, and the outer diameter of the stator is D; and the motor satisfies: and 6 x Q L/D is greater than or equal to x, wherein x% is the mass percentage of cerium contained in the permanent magnet. According to the application, the related structure of the stator is restrained according to the mass percentage of cerium in the permanent magnet, so that the coercive force of the permanent magnet can be ensured, and the cost and the efficiency of the motor are both considered. The application also provides a compressor and refrigeration equipment comprising the motor.
Description
The application date of the prior application is 2022, 10 and 21, the application number is 202222796050.8, and the invention is named as a motor, a compressor and refrigeration equipment.
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a motor, a compressor and refrigeration equipment.
Background
In the field of compressors for home appliances such as air conditioners and refrigerators, variable frequency motors have become the mainstream. Most of the permanent magnets of the variable frequency motor are neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets, which generally contain a considerable content of noble rare earth elements such as praseodymium, neodymium and the like, and along with the great increase of the price of the rare earth materials, the cost of the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets and the motor is increased.
The use of cerium-containing permanent magnets instead of conventional neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets is one means of cost reduction. Cerium is used as the most abundant rare earth element, the cost of the rare earth element is only one tenth of that of praseodymium and neodymium, and the cost of the permanent magnet can be reduced by utilizing cerium to replace part of praseodymium and neodymium elements. However, after cerium is introduced, the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements is reduced, the coercive force of the permanent magnet is reduced, and the motor performance is affected.
Therefore, how to reduce the cost of the permanent magnet and to compromise the performance of the motor is a current urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of utility model
The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, the utility model provides the motor, and the manufacturing cost and the motor performance can be simultaneously achieved.
The utility model also provides a compressor comprising the motor.
The utility model also provides refrigeration equipment comprising the motor or the compressor.
A first aspect of the present utility model provides an electric machine comprising:
A stator comprising a stator core having Q stator teeth, the stator core having a length L and an outer diameter D;
A rotor including a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets provided on the rotor core,
The permanent magnet contains cerium, and the description of the permanent magnet containing cerium and the like in the utility model means that the permanent magnet adopted in the utility model is a cerium-containing permanent magnet, and the description is not repeated hereinafter;
The motor satisfies: and 6 x Q L/D is greater than or equal to x, wherein x% is the mass percentage of cerium contained in the permanent magnet.
The motor of the first aspect of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
The utility model uses the cerium-containing permanent magnet as the magnetic pole of the rotor, and the number Q of the stator teeth, the outer diameter D of the stator, the length L of the stator core and the mass percentage x% of cerium in the permanent magnet are restrained to enable the stator teeth to meet the following relational expression of 6 x Q x L/D not less than x, and according to the specific motor size design, the loss of the permanent magnet coercive force caused by cerium doping can be compensated through the motor size design, the permanent magnet coercive force can be ensured, and the motor efficiency can be ensured while the cost is reduced.
Specifically, the greater the length L of the stator core, or the greater the number of stator teeth (i.e., stator slots), the correspondingly reduced number of winding turns may result in an increase in the demagnetizing resistance of the motor. Thus, the following dimensional optimizations can be made to the motor: the number of the stator teeth and/or the length of the stator core are/is increased, so that the demagnetizing resistance of the motor is improved, and the permanent magnet with higher cerium content is used, so that the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements in the permanent magnet is reduced, and the purposes of better cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the cerium content x% in the permanent magnet satisfies: x is more than or equal to 3 percent and less than or equal to 10 percent.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the cerium content x% in the permanent magnet satisfies: x is more than or equal to 3 percent and less than or equal to 6 percent.
If the cerium content is too low, the displacement of praseodymium and neodymium is limited, so that the cost reduction range is limited. When the cerium content in the permanent magnet is more than 3%, the cost reduction effect is better.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the stator teeth are wound with stator windings.
The stator winding components of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are distributed and centralized. The concentrated winding has small height of the end part and low cost; the distributed windings are relatively larger in end height and more costly, but the motor is less noisy to operate.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the stator teeth are wound with a concentrated winding.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the number Q of stator teeth satisfies: q is more than or equal to 12.
With the increase of the number of stator slots, the number of winding turns is reduced, the demagnetizing resistance of the motor is enhanced, and in this case, the motor has lower requirements on the coercive force of the permanent magnet, can use the permanent magnet with higher cerium content, and ensures the motor performance.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the stator core is provided with a plurality of stator slots.
Typically, the stator slots are defined by two adjacent stator teeth, and therefore the number of stator slots is equal to the number Q of stator teeth.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the number of stator slots is 12 or more.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the number of stator slots is 12 or 15.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the number of poles of the rotor is ≡8.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the number of poles of the rotor is 8-16. For example, the number of poles of the rotor may be 8, 10, 14 or 16.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the number of poles of the rotor is 8, 10 or 14 when the number of stator slots is 12.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the number of poles of the rotor is 10, 14 or 16 when the number of stator slots is 15.
The number of rotor poles and the number of stator slots of the permanent magnet motor can be variously combined, and are not limited to the exemplified combination. Overall, as the number of stator slots increases, the maximum number of poles that are adapted can be suitably increased.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the outer diameter D of the stator satisfies: d is more than or equal to 80mm and less than or equal to 130mm.
The increased outer diameter of the stator can enhance the anti-demagnetization capability of the motor, but at the same time can increase the cost. The outer diameter of the control stator is in the range, so that the use requirements of most household compressor motors can be met.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the motor further satisfies: q is equal to or less than 1.36-x/100/(P is equal to or less than 2.1-x/100), and 5 is equal to or less than 1.36-x/100/(4 is equal to or less than 2), wherein bt is the width of the stator teeth, P is the pole pair number of the rotor, and bm is the width of each permanent magnet.
The magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet returns to the stator teeth, the air gap and the permanent magnet through the air gap, the stator teeth and the stator yoke part to form a whole closed magnetic force line, if the width bt of the stator teeth is too large, the magnetic density of the teeth is too small, which is not beneficial to the performance; too small bt will result in too high magnetic density of the teeth, resulting in significant increase of the motor core loss, which will reduce the motor efficiency. By satisfying the above conditions, a more excellent motor efficiency can be obtained while reducing the cost.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the width bt of the stator teeth satisfies: and bt is more than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 9mm.
When the width of the stator teeth is increased, the area of the stator slots is reduced, the wire diameter of the copper wire is reduced and the copper loss is increased under the condition of the same number of winding turns; when the width of the stator teeth is reduced, the magnetic density of the stator teeth is increased, the iron loss of the motor is increased, and the balance of the iron loss and the copper loss can be considered in the stator tooth width range, so that the motor efficiency is improved.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the width bm of each pole permanent magnet satisfies: the bm is more than or equal to 15mm and less than or equal to 21mm.
The width of each pole of permanent magnet is positively correlated with the size of the exciting magnetic field of the motor, if the width of each pole of permanent magnet is too large, the increasing amplitude of the motor efficiency is not obvious, and if the width of each pole of permanent magnet is too small, the motor running current is increased, the loss is increased and the motor efficiency is influenced under the same load.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the pole pair number P of the rotor is equal to or greater than 4.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the pole pair number of the rotor is 4-8. For example, the pole pair number of the rotor may be 4, 5, 7 or 8.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the length L of the stator core satisfies: l is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm.
The stator core can meet the use requirement of a common compressor motor within the length range of the stator core, and has the lowest cost.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the length L of the stator core satisfies: l is more than or equal to 30mm and less than or equal to 40mm. As an example, the length L of the stator core may be 30mm, 35mm.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the rotor core is provided with a plurality of rotor slots, and the permanent magnets are respectively arranged in the rotor slots.
One or more permanent magnets can be arranged in the rotor groove, and all the permanent magnets positioned in the same rotor groove form one magnetic pole. Therefore, when one permanent magnet is arranged in the rotor groove, the width of the pole permanent magnet is the width of the one permanent magnet; when more than two permanent magnets are arranged in the rotor groove, the width of the pole permanent magnet is the total width of the more than two permanent magnets.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, more than two permanent magnets are arranged in each rotor groove, which is beneficial to reducing the magnetic density of stator teeth, reducing iron loss and increasing the anti-demagnetizing capability of the motor.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the rotor groove is V-shaped.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the rotor groove is V-shaped, and each two permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the V-shaped rotor groove.
The V-shaped rotor grooves are adopted, and two permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged in each rotor groove, so that the width of a magnetic pole can be increased, the iron loss is reduced, and the anti-demagnetizing capability is enhanced.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the V-shaped opening is directed towards the outside of the rotor.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the permanent magnet has a thickness of 1.5mm-2.5mm.
Increasing the permanent magnet thickness can increase the remanence, but also increases the permanent magnet cost. The thickness of the permanent magnet is controlled within the range, so that the cost and the anti-demagnetization performance can be better considered.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the permanent magnet has a thickness of 1.5mm-2.0mm.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the permanent magnet has a thickness of 1.5mm to 1.8mm.
As examples, the permanent magnet may have a thickness of about 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, or 1.8mm.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium, wherein the total mass percent of the praseodymium and the neodymium is 20% -32%.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the permanent magnet has a total mass percent of praseodymium and neodymium of 25% to 32%.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the permanent magnet comprises dysprosium and/or terbium,
Wherein the total mass percentage of dysprosium and terbium is less than or equal to 3 percent.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the permanent magnet further comprises cobalt, wherein the mass percentage of cobalt is less than or equal to 2%.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the mass percentage of cobalt in the permanent magnet is 1% -2%.
According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the permanent magnet further contains trace amounts of other elements, where the other elements may be manganese, copper, gallium, terbium, niobium, etc., so as to improve the comprehensive properties of the permanent magnet, such as working temperature and stability.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the total mass percentage of the other elements is less than or equal to 2%.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the permanent magnet consists essentially of, in mass percent:
20-32% of praseodymium and neodymium, 3-10% of cerium, 0-3% of dysprosium and terbium, 1-2% of cobalt and the balance of iron.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the intrinsic coercivity HcJ of the permanent magnet is more than or equal to 1500KA/m.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the permanent magnet has an intrinsic coercivity HcJ of: hcJ is less than or equal to 1500KA/m and less than or equal to 2000KA/m.
A second aspect of the utility model provides a compressor comprising the motor.
The compressor of the second aspect of the present utility model has at least the following advantageous effects:
The compressor of the utility model has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical proposal of the motor because the motor of the utility model is used.
Specifically, the compressor of the present utility model comprises the motor of the present utility model, which comprises a stator and a rotor. The stator comprises a stator core, wherein the stator core is provided with Q stator teeth, the length of the stator core is L, and the outer diameter of the stator is D; the rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein cerium is contained in the permanent magnets; the motor satisfies: and 6 x Q L/D is greater than or equal to x, wherein x% is the mass percentage of cerium contained in the permanent magnet.
The utility model uses the cerium-containing permanent magnet as the magnetic pole of the rotor, and the number Q of the stator teeth, the outer diameter D of the stator, the length L of the stator core and the mass percentage x% of cerium in the permanent magnet are restrained to enable the stator teeth to meet the following relational expression of 6 x Q x L/D not less than x, and according to the specific motor size design, the loss of the permanent magnet coercive force caused by cerium doping can be compensated through the motor size design, the permanent magnet coercive force can be ensured, and the motor cost and the motor efficiency are both considered. Specifically, the greater the length L of the stator core, or the greater the number of stator teeth (i.e., stator slots), the correspondingly reduced number of winding turns may result in an increase in the demagnetizing resistance of the motor. Therefore, the demagnetization resistance of the motor can be improved by increasing the number of the stator teeth and/or the length of the stator core, so that the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements in the permanent magnet can be reduced by using the permanent magnet with higher cerium content, and the motor efficiency can be ensured while the cost is reduced. Thereby, the efficiency of the compressor can be ensured while the cost of the compressor is reduced.
A third aspect of the utility model provides a refrigeration appliance comprising said motor or said compressor.
The refrigeration equipment of the third aspect of the utility model has at least the following advantages:
the refrigeration equipment of the utility model has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical proposal of the motor or the compressor because the motor or the compressor of the utility model is used.
Further, the refrigeration equipment of the utility model comprises the compressor of the utility model, and the compressor comprises the motor of the utility model, and the motor comprises a stator and a rotor. The stator comprises a stator core, wherein the stator core is provided with Q stator teeth, the length of the stator core is L, and the outer diameter of the stator is D; the rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein cerium is contained in the permanent magnets; the motor satisfies: and 6 x Q L/D is greater than or equal to x, wherein x% is the mass percentage of cerium contained in the permanent magnet.
The utility model uses the cerium-containing permanent magnet as the magnetic pole of the rotor, and the number Q of the stator teeth, the outer diameter D of the stator, the length L of the stator core and the mass percentage x% of cerium in the permanent magnet are restrained to enable the stator teeth to meet the following relational expression of 6 x Q x L/D not less than x, and according to the specific motor size design, the loss of the permanent magnet coercive force caused by cerium doping can be compensated through the motor size design, the permanent magnet coercive force can be ensured, and the motor cost and the motor efficiency are both considered. Specifically, the greater the length L of the stator core, or the greater the number of stator teeth (i.e., stator slots), the correspondingly reduced number of winding turns may result in an increase in the demagnetizing resistance of the motor. Therefore, the demagnetization resistance of the motor can be improved by increasing the number of the stator teeth and/or the length of the stator core, so that the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements in the permanent magnet can be reduced by using the permanent magnet with higher cerium content, and the motor efficiency can be ensured while the cost is reduced. Finally, the efficiency of the refrigeration device can be ensured while its cost is reduced.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the refrigeration appliance includes an air conditioner, a refrigerator, or an ice bin.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Reference numerals:
110. A stator; 111. stator teeth; 112. a stator groove; 113. a stator yoke;
120. a rotor; 121. a rotor core; 122. a rotor groove; 123. a permanent magnet;
130. An air gap.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements or elements having the same function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, reference is made to an orientation description, for example, an orientation or positional relationship indicated above, below, etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, for convenience of description and simplification of the description, only, and it is not indicated or implied that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present utility model can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
In the description of the present utility model, a number refers to one or more, a plurality refers to two or more, and "above" includes this number.
The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet is used as one of three key materials of the permanent magnet motor, wherein about 60% of the three key materials are iron elements, and the rest main elements are rare earth elements such as praseodymium, neodymium and the like. The price of the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet is continuously increased under the influence of the price increase of the rare earth materials, so that the specific gravity of the cost of the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet to the total cost of the motor is greatly increased. Therefore, reducing the cost of permanent magnets is one of the effective ways to reduce the cost of motors.
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides the motor, by using the cerium-containing permanent magnet and carrying out structural design on the motor, the praseodymium and neodymium element ratio in the permanent magnet can be reduced, and the coercive force of the permanent magnet is ensured, so that the cost and the reliability of the electrode are both considered.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present utility model, an electric machine includes a stator 110 and a rotor 120. The stator 110 includes a stator core having Q stator teeth 111; the rotor 120 includes a rotor core 121 and a plurality of permanent magnets 123, and cerium is contained in the permanent magnets 123.
Wherein, the motor satisfies the following relation: 6 x Q L/D is greater than or equal to x; l is the length of the stator core, D is the outer diameter of the stator 110, and x% is the mass percentage of cerium contained in the permanent magnet 123.
In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 123 containing cerium is used as a magnetic pole, so that the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements in the permanent magnet can be reduced, the cost of the permanent magnet can be reduced, and the cost pressure caused by the price rise of praseodymium and neodymium rare earth materials can be reduced. However, the permanent magnet 123 contains cerium, which causes a decrease in coercivity, and thus affects demagnetization resistance, thereby reducing motor efficiency. In order to compensate the loss of the coercive force of the cerium-containing permanent magnet, the utility model designs the motor size, restricts the interrelation among the quantity Q of the stator teeth 111, the outer diameter D of the stator 110 and the length L of the stator core according to the mass percentage x% of cerium in the permanent magnet 123, so that the following relational expression 6 x Q x L/D is more than or equal to x is satisfied, and according to the specific motor size design, the loss of the coercive force of the permanent magnet 123 caused by cerium doping can be compensated through the motor size design, and the coercive force of the permanent magnet 123 after cerium doping still meets the use requirement, thereby considering the motor cost and efficiency.
Specifically, the greater the length L of the stator core, or the greater the number of stator teeth 111 (i.e., stator slots 112), the correspondingly reduced number of winding turns may result in an increased anti-demagnetization capability of the motor. Thus, the following dimensional optimizations can be made to the motor: the number of the stator teeth 111 is increased and/or the length of the stator core is increased so as to improve the demagnetizing resistance of the motor, so that the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements in the permanent magnet 123 is reduced by using the permanent magnet 123 with higher cerium content, and the aim of better cost reduction and efficiency enhancement is achieved.
Table 1 shows the minimum stator core length L min adapted to the stator outer diameter D 0 of the existing motor product, and the calculation corresponding to formula 6 x Q x L min/D0 at the number Q of different stator slots, i.e. the maximum cerium content in the corresponding permanent magnet when the constraint condition of the present utility model is satisfied, recorded as x max%. When x max is a fraction, the third fraction and the subsequent fractions of the calculation result are directly omitted, and the values are not rounded. It can be seen that as the number of stator slots increases, more permanent magnets containing cerium element can be used.
TABLE 1 correspondence of stator outer diameter, minimum stator core length, number of stator slots and maximum value of x
As an embodiment, the cerium content x% in the permanent magnet 123 satisfies: x is more than or equal to 3 percent and less than or equal to 10 percent. As a more preferred embodiment, the percent cerium content in the permanent magnet 123 satisfies: x is more than or equal to 3 percent and less than or equal to 6 percent.
If the content of cerium element is too low, the substitution degree of praseodymium and neodymium is limited, and the cost reduction range is limited. When the cerium content is 3% -6%, the motor performance is optimal, and the cost reduction effect is obvious.
It will be appreciated that in an electric machine, the rotor 120 is arranged rotatable relative to the stator 110, as shown in fig. 1, the stator 110 is provided with an inner cavity, and the rotor 120 is rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the stator 110.
As an embodiment, a stator winding (not shown) is wound around the stator teeth 111.
The stator winding components of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are distributed and centralized. The concentrated winding has small height of the end part and low cost; the distributed windings are relatively larger in end height and more costly, but the motor is less noisy to operate.
As an embodiment, a concentrated winding is wound around the stator teeth 111. For salient pole stators, the concentrated windings are typically wound as rectangular coils.
As one embodiment, the number of stator teeth 111 satisfies: q.gtoreq.12, i.e., the number of stator slots 112 defined by stator teeth 111. Gtoreq.12. As the number of stator teeth 111 increases, the number of stator slots 112 increases, the number of winding turns decreases, and the demagnetization resistance of the motor increases, so that the demand for coercive force of the permanent magnet is relatively low, the permanent magnet 123 having a higher cerium content can be used, and the motor performance is ensured.
As one embodiment, the number of stator slots 112 is 12 or 15.
As one embodiment, the number of poles of rotor 120 is greater than or equal to 8. For example, the number of poles of the rotor 120 may be 8-16, and more specifically, the number of poles of the rotor 120 may be 8, 10, 14, or 16.
As one embodiment, the number of stator slots 112 is 12, and the number of poles of the rotor 120 matched thereto is 8, 10 or 14.
As one embodiment, the number of stator slots 112 is 15, and the number of poles of the rotor 120 matched thereto is 10, 14 or 16.
The number of poles of the rotor 120 of the permanent magnet motor and the number of stator slots 112 may be variously combined, and is not limited to the above-exemplified combination. For example, when the number of stator slots 112 is 12, the number of poles of the rotor 120 adapted may be 8, 10, 14, or the like. Overall, as the number of stator slots 112 increases, the maximum number of poles that are adapted may be suitably increased.
As one embodiment, the outer diameter of the stator 110 is: d is more than or equal to 80mm and less than or equal to 130mm. As the outer diameter of the stator 110 increases, the anti-demagnetization capability of the motor is enhanced, but at the same time, the cost is increased. The outer diameter of the control stator 110 is in the above range, and can meet the use requirements of most home compressor motors.
As one embodiment, the length L of the stator core satisfies: l is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm.
The stator core can meet the use requirement of a common compressor motor within the length range of the stator core, and has the lowest cost.
As one embodiment, the length L of the stator core satisfies: l is more than or equal to 30mm and less than or equal to 40mm. For example, the length L of the stator core may be 30mm, 35mm.
As an embodiment, a plurality of rotor slots 122 are provided in the rotor core 121, and the plurality of permanent magnets 123 are respectively provided in the plurality of rotor slots 122.
It will be appreciated that one or more permanent magnets 123 may be provided in each rotor slot 122, all permanent magnets 123 located in the same rotor slot 122 constituting one magnetic pole. Therefore, when one permanent magnet 123 is provided in the rotor groove 122, the pole permanent magnet width is the width of the one permanent magnet 123; when two or more permanent magnets 123 are provided in the rotor groove 122, the pole permanent magnet width is the total width of the two or more permanent magnets 123.
To improve the motor performance, more than two permanent magnets 123 may be disposed in each rotor slot 122 to reduce the magnetic density of the stator teeth 111, reduce the core loss, and increase the anti-demagnetizing capability of the motor.
As an embodiment, the rotor groove 122 has a V-shape, and each two permanent magnets 123 are symmetrically disposed at two sides of the V-shape groove to form one magnetic pole. The permanent magnets 123 are symmetrically distributed in the V-shaped rotor groove 122, which can increase the magnetic pole width, reduce the iron loss and enhance the anti-demagnetizing capability.
As an embodiment, the V-shaped opening faces the outside of the rotor 120.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, the rotor slots 122 are in a V-shaped structure with outward openings, the number of the rotor slots 122 is 8, the total number of the permanent magnets 123 is 16, and every two permanent magnets 123 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the V-shaped slot to form one magnetic pole.
As an embodiment, the motor further satisfies: q x b t/(P*bm) is less than or equal to 1.36-x/100, and 5 x Q x b t/(4*P*bm) is less than or equal to 1.36-x/100, wherein b t is the width of the stator teeth 111, P is the pole pair number of the rotor 120, b m is the width of the permanent magnet per pole, and b t、bm is shown with reference to fig. 1. When the conditions are met, the cost can be reduced and the motor efficiency can be improved.
The magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 123 returns to the stator teeth 111, the air gap 130 and the permanent magnet 123 through the air gap 130, the stator teeth 111 and the stator yoke 113 to form closed magnetic force lines, if the width b t of the stator teeth 111 is too large, the magnetic density of the teeth is too small, which is not beneficial to the performance; too small a width b t of the stator teeth 111, too high a tooth magnetic density, results in a significant increase in motor core loss, and reduces motor efficiency.
As one embodiment, the width b t of the stator teeth 111 satisfies: b t mm or less and 9mm or less.
When the width of the stator teeth 111 increases, the area of the stator slots 112 decreases, and the copper wire diameter decreases and the copper loss increases with the same number of winding turns; when the width of the stator teeth 111 is reduced, the magnetic density of the stator teeth increases, the iron loss of the motor increases, and the balance between the iron loss and the copper loss can be considered in the stator tooth width range, thereby improving the motor efficiency.
As an embodiment, the width b m of each pole of permanent magnet satisfies: b m mm or less and 21mm or less.
The width of each pole of permanent magnet is positively correlated with the size of the exciting magnetic field of the motor, if the width of each pole of permanent magnet is too large, the increasing amplitude of the motor efficiency is not obvious, and if the width of each pole of permanent magnet is too small, the motor running current is increased, the loss is increased and the motor efficiency is influenced under the same load.
As one embodiment, the pole pair number P of the rotor 120 is 4. For example, the pole pair number of the rotor 120 may be 4-8, and more specifically, the pole pair number of the rotor 120 may be 4, 5, 7, or 8.
As one embodiment, the permanent magnet 123 has a thickness of 1.5mm-2.5mm. The thickness of the permanent magnet 123 is further 1.5mm to 2.0mm, and further 1.5mm to 1.8mm.
Increasing the thickness of the permanent magnet 123 can increase the remanence, but also increases the cost of the permanent magnet 123. Controlling the thickness of the permanent magnet 123 in the above range can better give consideration to the motor cost and the anti-demagnetization performance.
As one embodiment, the permanent magnet 123 may have a thickness of about 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, or 1.8mm.
As one embodiment, the permanent magnet 123 contains praseodymium and neodymium, and the total mass percentage of the praseodymium and neodymium is 20% -32%.
According to the content x% of cerium in the permanent magnet 123, the total content of praseodymium and neodymium can be reduced by x%.
As one embodiment, the total mass percent of praseodymium and neodymium in the permanent magnet 123 is 25% -32%.
In one embodiment, the permanent magnet 123 further contains dysprosium and/or terbium, wherein the total mass percentage of dysprosium and terbium is less than or equal to 3%.
As an embodiment, the permanent magnet 123 further contains cobalt, and the mass percentage of cobalt is 1% -2%.
The permanent magnet 123 contains an element selected from dysprosium, terbium, and cobalt, and can improve coercive force.
As an embodiment, the permanent magnet 123 further contains trace amounts of other elements selected from manganese, copper, gallium, terbium, niobium, etc., for improving the comprehensive properties of the permanent magnet, such as the working temperature and stability.
As one embodiment, the total mass percent of the other elements is less than or equal to 2 percent.
As an embodiment, the composition of the permanent magnet 123 in mass percent is as follows: 20% -32% of praseodymium and neodymium, 3% -10% of cerium, 0% -3% of dysprosium, 1% -2% of cobalt and the balance of iron.
The permanent magnet 123 described above is commercially available or is prepared using methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail.
The utility model is further illustrated by the following example embodiments.
Example 1
The motor of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes a stator 110 and a rotor 120.
The stator core has Q stator teeth 111, Q stator slots 112, q=12. The length l=35 mm of the stator core, the outer diameter d=101 mm of the stator 110, and the width b t =6.5 mm of the stator teeth 111. Each stator tooth 111 is wound with a concentrated winding (not shown). Model of stator 110: 12C, wire diameter = 0.55 x 140, wherein wire diameter refers to the diameter of the wound bare copper wire in units of: mm.
The rotor 120 comprises a rotor core 121 and 16 permanent magnets 123, wherein 8V-shaped rotor grooves 122 are uniformly formed in the rotor core 121 along the circumferential direction of the section of the rotor core, the V-shaped openings are outwards, and every two permanent magnets 123 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of one V-shaped groove to form one magnetic pole. Total 8 poles, pole pair number p=4. The size of each permanent magnet 123: length x width x thickness = 30mm x 8.4mm x 1.6mm, wherein the width b m/2 = 8.4 of the permanent magnet 123 corresponds to the width b m = 16.8 of the permanent magnet per pole.
Permanent magnet 123 is commercially available, model: 42SHC. Permanent magnet 123 consists essentially of (in mass): praseodymium and neodymium are 25%, cerium is x% =5%, dysprosium is 2.25%, cobalt is 1-2%, and the rest is mainly iron, and trace elements such as manganese, copper, gallium, niobium, aluminum and the like.
The motor satisfies: 6×q×l/d=6×12×35/101=24.95++x=5.
The motor also satisfies: q t/(P*bm) =12×6.5/(4×16.8) =1.16+.1.36-x/100=1.36-5/100=1.31.
The motor also satisfies: 5×q× t/(4*P*bm) =5×12×6.5/(4×4×16) =1.45++1.36-x/100=1.36-5/100=1.31.
Example 2
The difference compared with example 1 is that the cerium content in the permanent magnet 123 is 2.5%, the total amount of praseodymium and neodymium is 27.5%, and the rest is unchanged.
Comparative example 1
The difference compared with example 1 is that the permanent magnet 123 has a total amount of praseodymium and neodymium of 30%, cerium of 0%, and the rest of the permanent magnet is unchanged.
The motor parameters of example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1 are shown in table 2.
Table 2 motor parameters
Test case
This test example tests the motor performance of examples 1, 2 and comparative examples 1-3.
The anti-demagnetizing performance test process is as follows:
(1) Testing the magnetic flux at normal temperature;
(2) Placing the motor in a high-temperature environment of 130 ℃ for more than 4 hours, then introducing direct-current demagnetizing current into the motor, and rotating the rotor 120 for one circle in the current-introducing process;
(3) And (3) placing the material in the normal temperature environment for more than 4 hours, testing the magnetic flux after demagnetization, comparing the magnetic flux with the magnetic flux before demagnetization, and calculating the demagnetization rate.
The anti-demagnetization performance test results are shown in table 3.
Table 3 anti-demagnetizing properties of motor under different test conditions
The permanent magnet coercivity and motor efficiency test results are shown in table 4.
Table 4 permanent magnet coercivity and motor efficiency
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, as the cerium content was increased from 2.5% to 5%, the demagnetization increased, and the coercivity and intrinsic coercivity decreased. To ensure stable operation of the motor over the life cycle, the permanent magnet demagnetizing rate is generally not more than 3%, and it can be seen that at the maximum operating current 26A, the motor can meet the requirements of anti-demagnetization reliability over the product life cycle. Meanwhile, the motor efficiency of the cerium-containing permanent magnet is equivalent to that of a conventional neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet, and the energy efficiency level of the product is ensured.
In terms of cost, taking example 1 as an example, the gram weight unit price of the conventional praseodymium-neodymium permanent magnet 42SH is 0.38 yuan/gram and the gram weight unit price of the cerium-containing (5 wt%) permanent magnet 42SHC is 0.279 yuan/gram, calculated according to the current price of rare earth bulk materials. The weight of each permanent magnet 123 is about 3.1g, and 16 permanent magnets are used in one motor, and the utility model adopts the cerium-doped permanent magnet 123 to replace the traditional neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, so that the cost of each motor material can be reduced by about 5 yuan, the cost of the permanent magnet 123 can be reduced by 26.58 percent (0.38-0.279)/0.38) and the cost reduction effect is obvious.
As another embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided a compressor including the motor of the above embodiment.
It can be appreciated that the compressor of the present embodiment, due to the use of the motor of the above embodiment, has at least all the advantages brought by the technical solution of the motor described above.
Specifically, the compressor of the present embodiment includes the motor of the above embodiment, which includes the stator 110 and the rotor 120. The stator 110 comprises a stator core, wherein the stator core is provided with Q stator teeth, the length of the stator core is L, and the outer diameter of the stator 110 is D; the rotor 120 comprises a rotor core 121 and a plurality of permanent magnets 123 arranged on the rotor core 121, wherein the permanent magnets 123 contain cerium; the motor satisfies: and 6 x Q L/D is equal to or greater than x, wherein x% is the mass percentage of cerium contained in the permanent magnet 123.
In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 123 containing cerium is used as the magnetic pole of the rotor 120, and the following relational expression 6×q×l/D is satisfied by constraining the number Q of the stator teeth 111, the outer diameter D of the stator 110, the length L of the stator core 121, and the correlation between the length L and the mass percentage x% of cerium in the permanent magnet 123, and according to the specific motor size design, the loss of the coercivity of the permanent magnet 123 caused by cerium doping can be compensated by the motor size design, so that the coercivity of the permanent magnet 123 can be ensured, and the motor cost and efficiency are both considered. Specifically, the greater the length L of the stator core, or the greater the number of stator teeth 111 (i.e., stator slots 112), the correspondingly reduced number of winding turns may result in an increased anti-demagnetization capability of the motor. Therefore, the demagnetization resistance of the motor can be improved by increasing the number of the stator teeth 111 and/or increasing the length of the stator core, so that the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements in the permanent magnet 123 can be reduced by using the permanent magnet 123 with higher cerium content, and the motor efficiency can be ensured while the cost is reduced. Thereby, the efficiency of the compressor can be ensured while the cost of the compressor is reduced.
As another embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided a refrigeration apparatus including the motor or the compressor of the above embodiment.
It can be appreciated that the refrigeration equipment of the present embodiment, due to the use of the motor or the compressor of the above embodiment, has at least all the advantages brought by the technical solution of the motor or the compressor.
Further, the refrigeration apparatus of the present embodiment includes the compressor of the above embodiment, and the compressor includes the motor of the above embodiment, and the motor includes the stator 110 and the rotor 120. The stator 110 comprises a stator core, wherein the stator core is provided with Q stator teeth, the length of the stator core is L, and the outer diameter of the stator 110 is D; the rotor 120 comprises a rotor core 121 and a plurality of permanent magnets 123 arranged on the rotor core 121, wherein the permanent magnets 123 contain cerium; the motor satisfies: and 6 x Q L/D is equal to or greater than x, wherein x% is the mass percentage of cerium contained in the permanent magnet 123.
In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 123 containing cerium is used as the magnetic pole of the rotor 120, and the following relational expression 6×q×l/D is satisfied by constraining the number Q of the stator teeth 111, the outer diameter D of the stator 110, the length L of the stator core 121, and the correlation between the length L and the mass percentage x% of cerium in the permanent magnet 123, and according to the specific motor size design, the loss of the coercivity of the permanent magnet 123 caused by cerium doping can be compensated by the motor size design, so that the coercivity of the permanent magnet 123 can be ensured, and the motor cost and efficiency are both considered. Specifically, the greater the length L of the stator core, or the greater the number of stator teeth 111 (i.e., stator slots 112), the correspondingly reduced number of winding turns may result in an increased anti-demagnetization capability of the motor. Therefore, the demagnetization resistance of the motor can be improved by increasing the number of the stator teeth 111 and/or increasing the length of the stator core, so that the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements in the permanent magnet 123 can be reduced by using the permanent magnet 123 with higher cerium content, and the motor efficiency can be ensured while the cost is reduced. Finally, the efficiency of the refrigeration device can be ensured while its cost is reduced.
As one embodiment, the refrigeration appliance is an air conditioner.
As one embodiment, the refrigeration appliance is a refrigerator or ice bin.
It is easy to understand that the air conditioner, refrigerator or freezer described above improves the overall cost performance by using the motor or compressor described above.
It should be noted that other configurations of the motor, the compressor, and the refrigeration apparatus according to the embodiments of the present utility model are known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail herein.
Because the compressor or the refrigeration equipment adopts all the technical schemes of the motor in the above embodiments, at least the technical schemes in the above embodiments have all the beneficial effects, and are not described herein.
The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. An electric machine, comprising:
A stator comprising a stator core having Q stator teeth, the stator core having a length L and an outer diameter D;
The rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein cerium is contained in the permanent magnets, and the mass percentage x% of cerium contained in the permanent magnets meets the following conditions: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
The motor satisfies: and 6 x Q x L/D is equal to or more than 3.
2. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the electric machine satisfies: 6 x Q x L/D is equal to or more than 6.
3. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the number Q of stator teeth satisfies: q is more than or equal to 12.
4. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the outer diameter D of the stator satisfies: d is more than or equal to 80mm and less than or equal to 130mm.
5. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the number of poles of the rotor is greater than or equal to 8.
6. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet has a thickness of 1.5mm-2.5mm.
7. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the length L of the stator core satisfies: l is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm.
8. The electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the intrinsic coercivity HcJ of the permanent magnet is equal to or more than 1500KA/m.
9. A compressor comprising an electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A refrigeration device comprising a motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or a compressor according to claim 9.
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| CN202320895996.1U CN220822712U (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment |
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| CN202320895996.1U CN220822712U (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment |
| CN202222796050.8U CN220586045U (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment |
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