CN220705833U - Coal mine pumped storage power generation system - Google Patents
Coal mine pumped storage power generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a coal mine pumped storage power generation system, which comprises a coal mine underground space reservoir arranged in a coal mine underground space, a ground subsidence area reservoir arranged in a ground subsidence area and a photovoltaic power station, wherein the coal mine underground space reservoir is arranged in the coal mine underground space; the ground subsidence area reservoir is communicated with the coal mine underground space reservoir through a water delivery channel, a two-way generator set is arranged on the water delivery channel, and the two-way generator set is a reversible water pump turbine; a solar panel of a photovoltaic power station is erected above the reservoir in the ground subsidence area; the photovoltaic power station is connected with a water pump of the reversible water pump turbine through a power transmission line; the underground space of the coal mine is abandoned coal mine goaf or well and roadway engineering. The unstable photovoltaic electric energy can be converted into stable electric energy, and the electric energy can be stored.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of pumped storage power stations, in particular to a coal mine pumped storage power generation system, and especially relates to a thick-seam pumped storage power generation system with thick-seam water-resisting layers. The application belongs to thermal power generation equipment in the sub-direction of 6.32 solar energy production equipment in the key direction of 6.3 solar energy industry in 6 new energy industry of strategic emerging industry catalogue.
Background
The coal mine resources in China are rich, a huge available special underground space is formed by long-term development, and unique conditions are created for developing underground ecological cities. According to investigation, the existing underground space of coal mines in China is about 139 hundred million m, and by 2030, 241 hundred million m of water is expected to be achieved, and the length is about 160 ten thousand km, and 40 circles around the equator can be achieved.
The development and utilization of the abandoned coal mine underground space can avoid the waste of the huge special underground space caused by filling of the coal mine goaf, can alleviate the problems of land shortage and the like in the ground city development, can provide a new transformation escaping and sustainable development path for abandoned mine enterprises, and continuously promote the transformation development of the resource-depleted city.
The mode of development and utilization of the underground space of the coal mine mainly comprises the following steps: underground reservoirs, museums, underground tourism and entertainment venues, pumped storage power stations, underground ecological city demonstration areas, and the like. The waste mine water pumping and energy storage combines the utilization of waste mine resources and the consumption of renewable energy power, and is one of scientific and reasonable waste mine resource development and utilization modes.
The water pumping and energy storage is realized by utilizing two water storage spaces with certain height difference and converting, storing and releasing electric energy through the conversion of electric energy and gravitational potential energy, coal measure strata in most mining areas of mining wells contain a plurality of coal seams which can be mined, and a plurality of large-area water storage spaces with height difference are formed among different coal seams after mine extraction, so that the possibility is provided for constructing a waste well roadway water pumping and energy storage system.
North China coke mining areas are typical thick-seam coal mines with thick-seam water-resistant layers. Taking Zhao Gu two ores as an example, zhao Gu two ores are positioned at the eastern part of the coking coal field, and mainly adopt two ores 1 The coal seam is a single nearly horizontal coal seam, the inclination angle is more than 6 degrees, and the average thickness of the coal seam is 6.2 m. Coalbed occurrence has typical characteristics of large burial depth (burial depth is greater than 680 m), thin bedrock (minimum thickness is only 36.8 m), and the like. The mine belongs to a fourth series and a recent series of full-covering areas, and the thickness of loose layers is 366.7-808.1 m. The well field has 7 main aquifers and 5 main water-resisting layers, and the upper part of the coal seam top plate is a mudstone, a sandy mudstone, clay (water-resisting layer) and a sandstone and gravel layer (aquifer) interbedded; below the coal bed floor are interbedded with mudstones, sandy mudstones (water-resistant layers) and limestone (L8, L2, O2 limestone aquifers). The coal mining mode is a full caving method.
To date, no pumped storage power station implementation scheme is provided for a coal mine with a thick-seam water-resisting layer and a thick-seam coal mine.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a coal mine pumped storage power generation system which can convert unstable photovoltaic electric energy into stable electric energy and store the electric energy.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a coal mine pumped storage power generation system comprises a coal mine underground space reservoir arranged in a coal mine underground space, a ground subsidence area reservoir arranged in a ground subsidence area and a photovoltaic power station; the ground subsidence area reservoir is communicated with the coal mine underground space reservoir through a water delivery channel, a two-way generator set is arranged on the water delivery channel, and the two-way generator set is a reversible water pump turbine; a solar panel of a photovoltaic power station is erected above the reservoir in the ground subsidence area; the photovoltaic power station is connected with a water pump of the reversible water pump turbine through a power transmission line; the underground space of the coal mine is abandoned coal mine goaf or well and roadway engineering.
The coal mine underground space reservoir is used as a low-level reservoir of the pumped storage power station and is positioned in the coal mine underground space, the coal mine underground space is provided with a side water-resisting layer and a lower end water-resisting layer which are arranged around, and the side water-resisting layer and the lower end water-resisting layer around are mutually connected to form a side water-resisting space and a bottom water-resisting space, namely the coal mine underground space reservoir.
The side water-resisting layer around the underground space of the coal mine is formed by connecting a grouting reinforced waterproof coal column, a grouting blocked side top plate at the upper end of the grouting reinforced waterproof coal column and a grouting blocked side direct bottom plate at the lower end of the grouting reinforced waterproof coal column, and the lower end water-resisting layer is a grouting reinforced waterproof bottom plate layer of the underground space of the coal mine. The ground subsidence area reservoir is used as a high-level reservoir of the pumped storage power station, is arranged in the coal mine ground subsidence area and is formed by reforming the coal mine ground subsidence area. The concrete improvement is that a bottom water-resisting layer is arranged below the ground subsidence area, and the permeability coefficient of the bottom water-resisting layer is less than or equal to 10 -6 m/s, a waterproof curtain wall or an underground impervious wall is arranged on the side of the water-proof curtain wall to form a reservoir in the ground subsidence area. The bottom water-resisting layer can be realized by paving an impermeable geomembrane or grouting to strengthen and plug and reform the water-resisting layer in the fourth-period bedding layer of the ground subsidence area.
The photovoltaic power station is a photovoltaic solar panel power generation system arranged above the water surface of the high-level reservoir, and a solar panel of the photovoltaic power station is arranged on the water surface of the high-level reservoir or the water surface of the reservoir in the ground subsidence area, so that water loss caused by evaporation of the water surface of the high-level reservoir is prevented, solar energy is developed, and photovoltaic power generation can be used for pumped storage so as to realize multi-energy complementation. The patent of the utility model proposes: building a photovoltaic power station on the ground, a ground subsidence area reservoir or a high-level reservoir, wherein the building of the photovoltaic power station on the ground subsidence area reservoir requires arranging a support column at the bottom of the ground subsidence area reservoir, setting a support platform on the support column, and building the photovoltaic power station on the support platform; the solar panel is erected in the reservoir or the high-level reservoir in the ground subsidence area, and the lower end of the solar panel is erected above the reservoir or the high-level reservoir in the ground subsidence area through a support column which is arranged at the bottom of the reservoir or the high-level reservoir in the ground subsidence area.
The water delivery channel is a water delivery and drainage channel for connecting a coal mine ground subsidence area reservoir and a coal mine underground space reservoir, and is realized by reforming a coal mine shaft, a water delivery communication pipeline made of large-caliber, high-temperature-resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-strength materials is paved in the coal mine shaft, and the pipeline can be a steel pipe or an integral steel lining reinforced concrete water delivery pipe which is fixed by a rock wall of the shaft.
Because of large burial depth, a coal mine in an underground exploitation mode is provided with a vertical shaft as a transportation channel, and the vertical shaft comprises a main well and a secondary well. The water-saving type coal mine water pump can be used as a water delivery channel by modifying a vertical shaft, and a water delivery communication pipeline is arranged in the coal mine vertical shaft so as to lift the water body of the low-level reservoir to the high-level reservoir to realize pumped storage and send the water body of the high-level reservoir to the low-level reservoir to realize power generation.
The bidirectional generator set is a reversible pump drainage water pump water turbine, the water pump water turbine is a combination of a water pump and a water turbine, and can lift a water body of a low-level reservoir to a high-level reservoir to realize pumped storage and send the water body of the high-level reservoir to the low-level reservoir to realize power generation.
Preferably, the water head drop between the high-level reservoir reformed by the ground subsidence area and the ground reservoir reformed by the underground space of the coal mine such as goaf, well engineering and the like is extremely large (generally more than 300 m), so the bidirectional generator set is a water pump turbine which must have the characteristic of three super three resistances (namely, ultra high water head, ultra large amplitude, ultra high rotating speed, cavitation resistance, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance).
In addition, the utility model also provides a construction method of the coal mine pumped storage power generation system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The side water-resisting layer and the lower end water-resisting layer of the periphery of the underground space reservoir of the coal mine are constructed in advance by pre-mining advanced grouting reinforcement and plugging: the underground space utilization requirement after the coal mine is shut down is considered at the beginning of mining, advanced driving, regional treatment, comprehensive transformation and advanced treatment of the pressurized mining mode region are adopted for the base plate bearing water, the waterproof coal pillars and the base plate water-resisting layer of the whole mining area are subjected to comprehensive grouting reinforcement and plugging in advance, and a huge underground space region with good tightness at the periphery and the bottom is constructed in advance.
(2) The leakage is detected and repaired after the mining, grouting is supplemented, reinforcement and plugging are carried out, and a coal mine underground space reservoir is constructed:
after the mining of the coal mine is finished, the water-proof coal pillars, the bottom plate water-proof layers and the like of the underground space of the coal mine are comprehensively checked through technologies such as chemical exploration, drilling and the like, leakage detection and leakage repair are carried out, and all potential leakage points are comprehensively grouting reinforced and plugged to ensure the tightness of the underground space of the coal mine, namely, the water-proof space surrounded by the grouting reinforced water-proof coal pillars and the grouting reinforced water-proof bottom plates, namely, the underground space reservoir of the coal mine.
(3) After the mining, carrying out anti-seepage treatment on the coal mine ground subsidence area to reform the coal mine ground subsidence area into a ground subsidence area reservoir with good anti-seepage performance: after mining, leveling and compacting the bottom of a subsidence basin or a subsidence area of the ground, improving the seepage-proofing performance of a bedding layer at the bottom of the subsidence basin or the subsidence area of the ground in the fourth period, and grouting and plugging a clay layer of the subsidence basin of the ground to improve the water-proofing performance of the clay layer of the subsidence basin of the ground to form a bottom water-proofing layer; waterproof curtain walls or underground impervious walls are arranged around the ground subsidence basin or the ground subsidence area and used as lateral waterproof and impervious facilities to prevent water body lateral leakage loss of the reservoir in the ground subsidence area; by the measures, the ground subsidence area can be transformed into the ground subsidence area reservoir with good seepage prevention performance according to local conditions.
(4) The coal mine vertical shaft is changed into a water conveying channel and the water conveying pipeline is installed:
the water conveying pipeline with large caliber, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and high strength is erected in the coal mine shaft (main shaft or auxiliary shaft), and is fixed on the side wall of the coal mine shaft. The construction of the water delivery channel of the pumped storage power station can refer to the construction related specification of the pumped storage power station (such as the design specification of the water energy planning of the pumped storage power station (NB/T35071-2015)).
(5) Installing pumping and generating equipment in a water delivery channel:
installing a bidirectional generator set in a pipeline of the water transmission channel, wherein the bidirectional generator set is required to be provided with matched power transmission and distribution measures; the construction of the pumped storage power station pumped storage and power generation equipment can refer to the construction related specifications of the pumped storage power station (such as 'the design specification of the water energy planning of the pumped storage power station (NB/T35071-2015)').
(6) Building a photovoltaic power station in a ground subsidence area reservoir:
and erecting a photovoltaic power station in a reservoir of the ground subsidence area, installing a solar panel, laying power transmission and distribution lines, and completing construction of the photovoltaic power station. The construction of the photovoltaic power station can refer to relevant specifications such as the photovoltaic power station design specification (GB 50797-2012), the photovoltaic power station construction specification (GB 50794-2012) and the like.
(7) Reservoir water storage and starting operation of the pumped storage power station:
the water storage and power generation system for the high-level reservoir in the ground subsidence area and the whole coal mine water storage and power generation system for the thick-seam coal seam starts to operate, the water is guided to the reservoir in the ground subsidence area through a water conservancy facility, then the photovoltaic power station starts to operate, the power is supplied to the water storage and power generation through a power transmission line, and the water storage and power generation starts to be carried out.
The coal mine pumped storage power generation system provided by the utility model can convert unstable photovoltaic electric energy into stable electric energy and can store the electric energy. In particular to a coal mine pumped storage power station with a thick water-flushing layer and a thick water-resisting layer in a North China coke mining area and a slow coal seam, which has huge energy storage and power generation potential, and the high-level reservoir and the low-level reservoir have huge capacity and superior seepage prevention performance, and are particularly suitable for a coal mine pumped storage power generation system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrating and explaining the present utility model only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model, and that some insubstantial modifications and adaptations can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the following disclosure. In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and defined otherwise, technical terms used in the present application should be construed in a general sense as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present utility model pertains.
A coal mine pumped storage power generation system comprises a coal mine underground space reservoir arranged in a coal mine underground space, a ground subsidence area reservoir arranged in a ground subsidence area and a photovoltaic power station; the ground subsidence area reservoir is communicated with the coal mine underground space reservoir through a water delivery channel, a two-way generator set is arranged on the water delivery channel, and the two-way generator set is a reversible water pump turbine; a solar panel of a photovoltaic power station is erected above the reservoir in the ground subsidence area; the photovoltaic power station is connected with a water pump of the reversible water pump turbine through a power transmission line; the underground space of the coal mine is abandoned coal mine goaf or well and roadway engineering.
Coal mine underground space reservoir
The coal mine underground space reservoir is formed by modifying waste coal mine underground space, and can specifically comprise underground spaces such as goafs or well and roadway engineering.
The coal mine underground space is provided with a surrounding side water-resisting layer and a lower end water-resisting layer, and the side water-resisting layer and the lower end water-resisting layer of the surrounding are mutually connected to form a side water-resisting space and a bottom water-resisting space, namely a coal mine underground space reservoir, and the water pumping and heat taking channel and the recharging power generation channel are respectively communicated with the coal mine underground space reservoir.
The side water-resisting layer around the underground space of the coal mine is formed by connecting a grouting reinforced waterproof coal column, a grouting blocked side top plate at the upper end of the grouting reinforced waterproof coal column and a grouting blocked side direct bottom plate at the lower end of the grouting reinforced waterproof coal column, and the lower end water-resisting layer is a grouting reinforced waterproof bottom plate layer of the underground space of the coal mine. Grouting and plugging are carried out on the top plate above the waterproof coal pillar, the manufactured side top plate of the grouting and plugging is carried out on the direct bottom plate below the waterproof coal pillar, and the manufactured side direct bottom plate of the grouting and plugging is manufactured. The side direct bottom plate of the grouting plugging is convenient for sealing, grouting and reinforcing the joint of the waterproof coal pillar and the grouting reinforced waterproof bottom plate layer. The side roof board of the grouting plugging is used for preventing the underground water runoff, so that the external water caused by the grouting plugging flows into the underground space reservoir of the coal mine and pollutes the water in the underground space reservoir of the coal mine.
Namely, the main body of the underground coal mine space reservoir is underground coal mine space, and is supplemented with a grouting reinforced waterproof coal pillar, a grouting reinforced waterproof bottom plate, a grouting blocked side top plate and a grouting blocked side direct bottom plate, and water isolation facilities are arranged to isolate the whole connected underground coal mine space into a large underground coal mine space, so that isolation between the large underground coal mine space and peripheral underground water is realized, circulation between water in the underground space and the peripheral underground water is avoided, and potential pollution to underground water is avoided. Therefore, the coal mine underground space reservoir formed by reforming the coal mine underground space has the characteristics of good tightness, excellent space stability and huge space.
The coal mine underground space reservoir mainly comprises the following functions: (1) The low-level reservoir storage water body for the pumped storage power station and the high-level reservoir water body generate water head difference, so that potential energy for energy storage and power generation is generated; (2) As an underground reservoir with good tightness, the underground water resource is stored, and the underground reservoir is not connected with the surrounding underground water, so that the pollution to the surrounding underground water and the entering of the surrounding pollutants into the underground reservoir are avoided.
Preferably, the coal seam of the coal mine is a gentle coal seam, the inclination angle of the coal seam of the coal mine is required to be not more than 25 degrees, and a mining area fault does not develop, so that all underground spaces such as goafs, well and roadway engineering and the like can be conveniently integrated into a large underground space of the coal mine with good external tightness, and a underground space reservoir of the coal mine with good tightness is formed.
Preferably, the waterproof coal pillar mainly refers to the waterproof coal pillar at the periphery of the whole mining area, but not the isolation coal pillar and the roadway protection coal pillar between working surfaces, and the side water-resisting layer and the lower water-resisting layer are formed by grouting reinforcement and grouting blocking on the side and the lower end of the underground space reservoir of the coal mine, so that all goafs, roadway engineering and other underground spaces in the whole mining area can be integrated together to form a huge underground space reservoir area of the coal mine.
Preferably, the gob-side entry retaining technology is adopted in the mining area, the arrangement of isolating coal pillars and entry-protecting coal pillars in the mining area is reduced, the recovery rate of coal resources is improved, the risks of stress concentration, coal and gas protrusion, rock burst and the like caused by the coal pillars are eliminated, in addition, the mining working face can be connected into one piece to form a large mining area and a large goaf, correspondingly, the ground subsidence area formed above the goaf formed by the large mining area can be connected into one piece to form a large ground subsidence area, and the improvement of a coal mine underground space reservoir and a ground subsidence area reservoir in the later period is facilitated.
Preferably, the lateral waterproof coal pillars, the lower end waterproof layer rock layers and the like for constructing the underground coal mine space reservoir are subjected to comprehensive grouting reinforcement and grouting plugging, the compactness and the seepage resistance of surrounding rock of the underground coal mine space reservoir are improved, the water storage effect of the underground coal mine space reservoir is improved, the water body of the underground coal mine space reservoir and the surrounding water are prevented from being exchanged, and therefore pollution of the surrounding water by the underground coal mine space reservoir and influence of surrounding water pollution on the water body of the underground coal mine space reservoir are avoided. The grouting process is required to adopt the principle of comprehensive grouting reinforcement and important grouting of leakage points, adopts high-pressure grouting, and the slurry is diffused in a seepage form, and has the grouting depth of not less than 10m in a preset waterproof rock stratum or a waterproof rock mass, wherein the grouting ending standard is as follows: the final pressure is reached, the flow rate of the slurry is below 40l/min, and the slurry lasts for more than 20 minutes. The grouting process is required to be executed by referring to specifications such as ' design specification for controlling water in coal mines GB 51070-2014 ', ' construction and acceptance specification for grouting engineering of working face of coal mine laneway ' NB/T51030-2015 '.
Because the underground space reservoir of the coal mine is a semi-sealed space with the bottom and the side face sealed and the upper part is unsealed, the coal seam is generally provided with a certain inclination angle, the absolute height of the top of the water-proof coal pillar in the upstream direction of the underground water runoff is higher than that of the top of the water-proof coal pillar in the downstream direction of the underground water runoff, in order to prevent the water body of the underground space reservoir of the coal mine from flowing into the peripheral underground rock body from above the water-proof coal pillar so as to cause the water loss of the underground space reservoir of the coal mine, grouting reinforcement and grouting sealing are needed to be carried out on rock strata above the water-proof coal pillar in the downstream direction of the underground water runoff, and the height of a rock stratum grouting area above the water-proof coal pillar is not lower than that of the water runoff. Preferably, the height of the rock stratum grouting area above the water-proof coal pillar in the downstream direction of the underground water runoff is the top of the water-proof coal pillar in the upstream direction of the underground water runoff, so that the absolute elevation of the top of the whole lateral water-proof layer is kept consistent. Preferably, the utility model adopts the mode of advanced driving, regional management, comprehensive transformation and pressured mining in the process of mining the coal mine, namely, the underground space utilization requirement after the coal mine is shut down is designed at the beginning of mining, the guiding principle of regional advanced management is adopted, the water-resisting coal pillars and the water-resisting layers of the bottom plate of the whole mining area are comprehensively grouting and reinforced and the cracks are plugged, a huge underground space region with good tightness at the periphery and the bottom is constructed in advance, and the huge underground space region can be directly transformed into the underground space reservoir of the coal mine after the coal mine is mined.
Preferably, the coal mine can adopt a high-water material or ultrahigh-water material filling mining mode, and the high-water material is used for filling the goaf, so that the reduction of the volume of an underground space caused by the collapse of a top plate to fill the goaf is avoided; meanwhile, the high water material or the ultrahigh water material contains a large amount of free water, so that the high water material filling body can be used for storing water, and further the storage capacity of the coal mine underground space reservoir is improved. Considering that the ground subsidence area can be transformed into a high-level reservoir for a pumped storage power station, the ground subsidence area can be fully mined by adopting a caving method in the coal mining process at the places of important facilities such as a house-less house, a traffic line, a pipeline and the like, so that a ground subsidence area can be naturally formed on the ground for being transformed into the ground subsidence area reservoir, at the moment, filling mining is used for three-lower coal mining (three-lower coal mining is a generic term of a coal mining method under a building, a railway and a water body), and the specific area is mined by adopting the fully caving method for manufacturing the ground subsidence area.
(II) reservoir in ground subsidence area
The ground subsidence area reservoir is formed by reforming a ground subsidence area formed by the whole coal mining area. The bottom water-resisting layer is arranged below the ground subsidence area where the ground subsidence area reservoir is positioned, and the side is provided with a waterproof curtain wall or an underground impervious wall.
The main functions of the reservoir in the subsidence area of the ground comprise: the water body in the low-level reservoir (namely the underground space reservoir of the coal mine) is extracted and lifted to the ground (namely the ground subsidence area reservoir of the utility model), and the redundant electric energy in the electricity consumption low-level is converted into the water potential energy of the pumped storage power station, so that the energy storage process is realized.
Preferably, the bottom water barrier may be achieved by laying an impermeable membrane or modifying the water barrier in the fourth-year alluviation layer of the subsidence area of the ground.
Preferably, the geomembrane for preventing seepage at the bottom of the reservoir is a waterproof and barrier material taking a high molecular polymer as a basic raw material; the method mainly comprises the following steps: low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) geomembranes, high Density Polyethylene (HDPE) geomembranes, and EVA geomembranes; the alloy has the advantages of meeting the following breadth and complete thickness specification, having excellent environmental stress cracking resistance, excellent chemical corrosion resistance, and having a larger service temperature range and longer service life. The thickness of the geomembrane is not less than 5mm, the impermeability strength is capable of ensuring that the geomembrane is impermeable to water under the water pressure of 1.05MPa for 48h, and the permeability coefficient of the geomembrane is less than 10 - 11 cm/s. The parameter requirements and construction method of the geomembrane refer to specifications of Polyethylene (PE) geomembrane anti-seepage engineering technical specification (SL/T231-98), hydroelectric engineering geomembrane anti-seepage technical specification (NB/T35027-2014), waterproof geotextile (composite geomembrane) national standard (GB/T17642-2008) and the like.
Preferably, in the scheme of reforming the water-resisting layer in the fourth-period washout lamination of the subsidence area of the ground to realize the bottom water-resisting layer, the bottom water-resisting layer is a clay layer with low permeability, the thickness of the clay layer is not less than 10m, the compactness is not less than 90 percent, and the permeability coefficient is not more than 10 -6 m/s。
Preferably, the wall bottom of the waterproof curtain wall or the underground impervious wall is embedded into the waterproof layer to a certain depth (the embedding depth is required to be not less than 3m in the utility model), so that underground seepage can be thoroughly intercepted, the seepage flow is greatly reduced, and the impervious performance of the reservoir in the ground subsidence area is improved. The design and construction of the waterproof curtain wall or the underground impervious wall are carried out according to the current national standard of construction quality acceptance Specification of underground waterproof engineering of GB 50208, technical Specification of construction of concrete impervious wall of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering of SL 174-2014 and the like.
Specifically, as the ground subsidence area is mostly in the fourth-period washout lamination, the ground subsidence basin is formed, and the clay layer is generally arranged in the fourth-period washout lamination, the seepage prevention coefficient of the clay layer is low, and the clay layer can be transformed into a water-proof layer. Therefore, the reservoir main body in the ground subsidence area is formed by reforming the ground subsidence area, and the ground subsidence area is simply flattened and compacted according to the requirement so as to improve the seepage-proofing performance of the clay layer. Grouting and plugging or laying impermeable geomembrane on the bottom soil layer of the subsidence basin to improve the water-resisting property
Generally, the north China coke mining area has a huge thick lamination layer and a huge thick water-resisting layer, the huge thick lamination layer is a word used in industry conventionally, the clay content in the lamination layer is high, and the clay layer is a good water-resisting layer. Therefore, the ground subsidence area formed by the North China coke mining area has excellent seepage-proofing performance, and can meet the seepage-proofing function requirement of serving as the reservoir bottom after simple compaction; however, if the seepage-proofing performance does not meet the requirement, the seepage-proofing treatment is needed to be carried out on the soil body in the subsidence area, and the seepage-proofing performance can be improved by adopting a mode of paving a seepage-proofing film or grouting. In addition, the impermeable walls are arranged around the subsidence basin on the ground to prevent the water body side leakage of the reservoir in the subsidence area on the ground from losing.
By the measures, the ground subsidence area can be changed into a ground subsidence area reservoir according to local conditions, the reservoir is used as a high-level reservoir of a pumped storage power station, and the modification cost is low.
(III) photovoltaic power station
The solar panel frame of the photovoltaic power station is arranged above the water surface of the high-level reservoir and is used for preventing water loss caused by evaporation of the water surface of the high-level reservoir and developing solar energy, and the photovoltaic power generation can be used for pumped storage so as to realize a multi-energy complementary photovoltaic solar panel power generation system. Because a major defect of the semi-underground pumped storage power station is that the evaporation capacity of a high-level reservoir is large, and the water quantity of the reservoir is easy to lose, how to reduce the evaporation problem of the high-level reservoir is a great difficulty of the semi-underground pumped storage power station. The patent of the utility model proposes: building a photovoltaic power station on the ground, a ground subsidence area reservoir or a high-level reservoir, wherein the building of the photovoltaic power station on the ground subsidence area reservoir requires arranging a support column at the bottom of the ground subsidence area reservoir, setting a support platform on the support column, and building the photovoltaic power station on the support platform; the solar panel is erected in the reservoir or the high-level reservoir in the ground subsidence area, and the lower end of the solar panel is erected above the reservoir or the high-level reservoir in the ground subsidence area through a support column which is arranged at the bottom of the reservoir or the high-level reservoir in the ground subsidence area. The design, construction and construction of the photovoltaic power station are required to be executed according to the specification requirements of the design specification of the T/CPIA 0017-2019 water photovoltaic power generation system and the like.
The water surface of the reservoir is covered by the solar panel to reduce water evaporation, and certainly the reservoir in the ground subsidence area or the reservoir in the high position can not be completely covered, rainwater can also supplement water in the reservoir in the ground subsidence area or the reservoir in the high position for generating electricity, at the moment, a filter screen is arranged at the inlet of a recharging power generation channel connected with the reservoir in the ground subsidence area or the reservoir in the high position or the reservoir in the ground subsidence area or the reservoir in the high position in front of the inlet, and the filtered water enters the recharging power generation channel. In addition, the power generated by the photovoltaic power station and the pumped storage power station can form a photoelectric-pumped storage power generation complementary system. The power generated by the photovoltaic power station can be connected with a water suction pump, a pressurizing pump and the like which are needed to be used for pumped storage through a power transmission and distribution line, so as to support the pumped storage process of the pumped storage power station, and the unstable photovoltaic power generation is converted into stable power.
It should be added that those skilled in the art will readily understand: the main reason for the drought area is that the evaporation capacity is larger than the rainfall capacity, and after the photovoltaic power station is installed in the drought area, the solar panel can absorb and reflect a large amount of solar energy, so that the evaporation capacity under the solar panel is greatly reduced, the rainfall capacity is unchanged, and therefore, after the photovoltaic power station is arranged in the drought area, the local microclimate can be changed, and the drought climate is changed into a humid climate. Therefore, the utility model proposes to install the photovoltaic power station in the reservoir of the ground subsidence area, so that the evaporation capacity can be greatly reduced; the rainwater collected by the reservoirs in the ground subsidence area can make up various water source losses (including evaporation and side leakage of the reservoirs in the ground subsidence area, side leakage of the reservoirs in the underground space of the coal mine and the like) in the operation process of the whole waste coal mine photovoltaic-pumped storage-geothermal combined development and utilization system, so that the total water balance of the whole system is maintained.
It is readily understood that: the solar panel is obliquely arranged in the reservoir, so that rainwater can directly flow into the reservoir along the solar panel, and the purpose of collecting the rainwater into the reservoir is achieved. Meanwhile, in the process that rainwater flows into the reservoir along the solar panel, dust on the solar panel can be taken away, so that the solar panel is cleaned.
(IV) Water delivery channel
The water delivery channel is communicated with the underground space reservoir of the coal mine and the reservoir of the ground subsidence area.
The water conveying channel can be communicated with the underground space reservoir of the coal mine through a coal mine vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft comprises a main shaft and a secondary shaft.
Generally, underground coal mining needs to arrange a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft as a main shaft and a secondary shaft for transportation, and after a coal mine is closed, the function of the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft as a transportation channel is not existed, so that the coal mine vertical shaft or the inclined shaft can be transformed into a section of channel in a water conveying channel, or a water conveying communication pipeline is arranged in the coal mine vertical shaft, and the water conveying communication pipeline is a section of channel in the water conveying channel.
The function of the water delivery channel mainly comprises two aspects: (1) Pumping and storing, namely pumping and storing energy when electricity is used in a valley, pumping and lifting water in a low-level reservoir (namely a coal mine underground space reservoir) to a high-level reservoir on the ground (namely a ground subsidence area reservoir in the utility model), converting redundant electric energy when electricity is used in the valley into water potential energy of a pumping and storing power station, and realizing an energy storage process; (2) And conveying the water body of the high-level ground subsidence area reservoir to the low-level coal mine underground space reservoir so as to perform the power generation process.
The water delivery communicating pipeline paved in the vertical shaft can be a pipeline with large caliber, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and high strength, and the pipeline can be a steel pipe or an integral steel lining reinforced concrete water delivery pipe, and the water delivery pipe frame is fixed by the vertical shaft rock wall. The design and construction of the water pipe construction of the pumped storage power station are required to be carried out according to the requirements of specifications such as 'NB/T35056-2015 hydropower station penstock design Specification'.
The water delivery channel comprises a water delivery channel on the ground, and the water delivery channel on the ground is also provided with a booster pump or a water suction pump.
(V) two-way generating set
The bidirectional generator set adopts a reversible water pump turbine. The reversible water pump turbine is a combination of a water pump and a water turbine, and can lift the water body of the low-level reservoir to the high-level reservoir to realize pumped storage and send the water body of the high-level reservoir to the low-level reservoir to realize power generation.
Because the coal seam of the North China coal field has larger burial depth, the water head drop between a high-level reservoir reformed by a ground subsidence area and a ground reservoir reformed by a coal mine underground space such as a goaf, a roadway engineering and the like is extremely large (generally more than 300 m), and therefore, the bidirectional generator set is a water pump turbine which must have the characteristics of three super three resistances (namely, super water head, super amplitude, super rotating speed, cavitation resistance, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance).
Preferably, the single-stage reversible water pump and the multi-stage reversible water pump can be reasonably selected and adopted according to the water head difference between the underground space reservoir of the coal mine and the reservoir of the ground subsidence area and the lift of the bidirectional generator set. The selection and design construction of the bidirectional generator set are required to meet the requirements of specifications such as DL/T293 pumped storage reversible water pump turbine operation regulations, GB T32878-2016 reversible water pump turbine adjusting system operation regulations, DL/T5208-2005 pumped storage power station design regulations and the like.
The utility model creatively provides a special characteristic of a thick-seam buffer coal seam of a thick-seam bedding layer of a North China coke mining area, integrates a whole well Tian Caiou (comprising all goafs and well engineering) into a large underground reservoir, integrates the whole coal mine ground subsidence area into a large ground reservoir, and has huge volumes due to thicker coal seam. Moreover, the depth of burial of the coal seam is large, so that the head drop between a high-level reservoir reformed from a subsidence area on the ground and a ground-level reservoir reformed from an underground space of a coal mine such as a goaf, a roadway engineering and the like is extremely large. For other areas, the method is inconvenient to integrate, and can be used, but the coal mine underground space reservoirs are not integrated and are respectively used as the coal mine underground space reservoirs, so that the coal mine pumped storage power generation system is arranged.
In conclusion, the pumped storage power station for the coal mine of the thick-seam and thick-seam coal-seam slow-seam coal in the North China coke mining area provided by the utility model has huge energy storage and power generation potential, and the high-level reservoir and the low-level reservoir have huge reservoir capacity and excellent seepage prevention performance.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the present example is modified based on geological formations of a certain coal mine in a coking mining area and the mining condition of the coal mine. The basic condition of the coal mine is referred to in the background technology of the utility model.
The clay layer is a very water-resistant layer. Generally, the giant thick alluvial layer is arranged in the thick alluvial layer of the North China coke mining area, so that the clay content in the alluvial layer is high, the seepage-proofing performance is excellent, and the seepage-proofing function requirement of the reservoir bottom can be met after simple compaction. Because the main coal seam of the North China coke mining area is a single near-horizontal coal seam (the inclination angle is more than 6 degrees), fault development is less, all mining working surfaces of the whole mining area are connected into a whole to form a large mining area and a large goaf, and the ground subsidence area formed by the goaf formed by the large mining area is connected into a piece to form a large ground subsidence area. On the other hand, the alluvial plain in-situ form of the North China coke mining area is gentle, so that the formed ground subsidence area is transformed into a high-level reservoir with larger storage capacity. Therefore, the ground subsidence area formed by the mining area of the North China coke mining area can be integrated and changed into a large high-level reservoir.
The ground subsidence area reservoir 14 is formed by reforming the ground subsidence area 14 formed by the entire coal mining area. Because the topography of the periphery of the ground subsidence area 14 is relatively gentle, in order to prevent water in the high-level reservoir 14 from leaking to two sides, the waterproof curtain wall 3 is arranged around the reservoir. In the embodiment, a huge thick clay layer 2 is arranged in the soil layer below the ground subsidence area 14 and consists of clay and sandy clay deposited in the recent river and lake phases, the clay layer is in a semi-solid state and has the thickness of 215-571 m, and the permeability coefficient of the clay layer 2 is extremely low<10 -8 m/s), has good water-proof performance, can effectively prevent the influence of surface water and shallow water on mineral deposits, and can be transformed into the water-proof layer required by the utility model. When the ground subsidence area is reformed into the ground subsidence area reservoir 14, the ground subsidence area is simply flattened and compacted as required to improve the seepage-proofing performance of the clay layer, and ensure that the seepage-proofing coefficient of the clay layer for the water-resisting layer at the bottom of the ground subsidence area reservoir 14 in all areas of the reservoir area is not more than 10 -6 m/s。
The solar panel 13 of the photovoltaic power station is erected above the water surface of the reservoir in the ground subsidence area, is used for preventing water loss caused by evaporation of the water surface of the reservoir in the ground subsidence area and developing solar energy, and is used for pumping water and storing energy so as to realize a multi-energy complementary photovoltaic solar panel power generation system.
The water delivery channel is a water pumping and draining channel for connecting the high-level reservoir and the low-level reservoir, and is realized by reforming a coal mine shaft. In the embodiment, the water delivery channel is built by using a high-pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant integral steel lining reinforced concrete water delivery pipe, and the integral steel lining reinforced concrete water delivery pipe is arranged in a vertical shaft (the vertical shaft is not shown in the drawing and is fixed by the rock wall of the vertical shaft), so that the connection and water delivery among a high-level reservoir, a bidirectional generator set and a low-level reservoir are realized. In the figure, the water delivery pipeline 11 realizes the water body delivery among the high-water reservoir-ground subsidence area reservoir 14, the bidirectional generator set 12 and the low-level reservoir-coal mine underground space underground reservoir 10. The design and construction of the integral steel lining reinforced concrete water delivery pipe construction are required to be carried out according to the requirements of specifications such as NB/T35056-2015 hydropower station pressure steel pipe design specification and the like.
In order to prevent the shortage of power, a pressurizing pump is required to be arranged on a water delivery channel on the ground. When water is conveyed downwards from the reservoir 14 in the ground subsidence area, the water at the bottom is prevented from being output, and a water pump, preferably a two-way pump, can be arranged at one end of the water conveying channel connected with the reservoir 14 in the ground subsidence area.
The bidirectional generator set 12 adopts a water pump turbine with the characteristics of three super three resistances (namely, ultra-high water head, ultra-large amplitude, ultra-high rotating speed, cavitation resistance, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance), and an ALSTOM 300 MW-level mixed flow reversible water pump turbine-motor generator set can be selected. The bidirectional generator set 12 is installed at the bottom of the vertical shaft and is used for lifting the water body of the low-level reservoir to the high-level reservoir to realize pumped storage and sending the water body of the high-level reservoir to the low-level reservoir to realize power generation.
The low-level reservoir is formed by reforming underground space of a coal mine. In this embodiment, the coal seam is gentle and the fault does not develop, so that the mining area working surfaces are arranged in parallel and can be connected into one piece. Therefore, the utility model integrates all underground spaces such as underground goaf, roadway engineering, climbing and descending mountain and the like together to form a huge underground space. Reserving waterproof coal pillars around the huge underground space, performing overall grouting reinforcement on the waterproof coal pillars and waterproof floor strata (also called floor waterproof strata, which are formed by waterproof strata) of the whole mining area, and respectively forming grouting reinforced waterproof coal pillars 6 and grouting reinforced waterproof floor layers 8; grouting and plugging are carried out on the top plate above the waterproof coal pillar to form a side top plate 5 of the grouting and plugging, and grouting and plugging are carried out on the direct bottom plate below the waterproof coal pillar to form a side direct bottom plate 7 of the grouting and plugging. The large underground space area-the underground water reservoir 10 of the underground space of the coal mine can be jointly encircled by the grouting reinforced bottom plate water-resisting layer 8, the grouting reinforced waterproof coal pillar 6, the grouting plugging side top plate 5 above the waterproof coal pillar and the grouting plugging side direct bottom plate 7 below the waterproof coal pillar, and the water storage device has the characteristics of good side and bottom tightness, excellent space stability, huge water storage space and the like.
Because the coal seam is gentle and faults do not develop, the mining area working surfaces are arranged side by side and can be connected into one piece, and therefore the ground subsidence area can be connected into one piece in fact. In another aspect, the ground subsidence area formed by all mining areas forms a giant subsidence basin on the ground due to the flat topography of the coal mine periphery. In addition, in the embodiment, the average mining depth of the coal mine is 6.2. 6.2 m, and the coal mine belongs to a thin bedrock thick-impact lamination layer, so that the average depth of the formed ground subsidence area exceeds 4m. Therefore, the huge collapse basin has huge volume after being transformed into a high-level reservoir, and has good seepage prevention performance due to the clay seepage prevention layer covered below.
In the embodiment, the coal mining depth exceeds 600m, the ground topography is gentle, and the underground coal seam is a near-horizontal coal seam. Therefore, the head drop between the high-level reservoir reformed by the ground subsidence area and the low-level reservoir reformed by the underground space of the coal mine such as goaf, roadway engineering and the like is extremely large.
In conclusion, the water-storage power station for the coal mine of the North China coke mining area thick-seam-flushing thick-layer thick-water-resisting layer slow-seam coal has the characteristics of large storage capacity of a high-level reservoir and a low-level reservoir, excellent seepage-proofing performance, large energy storage and power generation potential and the like.
The above-described preferred embodiments of the present utility model are merely preferred embodiments, but not all embodiments, the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and the technical features of the above-described embodiments may be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations of the technical features of the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, the scope of the present utility model should be considered as being defined in the specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features. When the combination of the technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to realize, it should be considered that the combination of the technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present utility model. It should be noted that equivalents and modifications according to the technical solution of the present utility model and the inventive concept thereof, as well as several changes and modifications made thereto, will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the general inventive concept and the principles of the present utility model, which should also be considered as the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a colliery pumped storage power generation system which characterized in that: the system comprises a coal mine underground space reservoir arranged in a coal mine underground space, a ground subsidence area reservoir arranged in a ground subsidence area and a photovoltaic power station; the ground subsidence area reservoir is communicated with the coal mine underground space reservoir through a water delivery channel, a bidirectional generator set is arranged on the water delivery channel, matched power transmission and distribution measures are arranged on the bidirectional generator set, construction of pumped storage and power generation equipment refers to construction standards of a pumped storage power station, and the bidirectional generator set is a reversible water pump turbine; a solar panel of a photovoltaic power station is erected above the reservoir in the ground subsidence area; the photovoltaic power station is connected with a water pump of the reversible water pump turbine through a power transmission line; the underground space of the coal mine is abandoned coal mine goaf or well and roadway engineering.
2. The coal mine pumped storage power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the coal mine underground space is provided with a surrounding side water-resisting layer and a lower end water-resisting layer, and the side water-resisting layer and the lower end water-resisting layer of the surrounding are mutually connected to form a side water-resisting space and a bottom water-resisting space, namely a coal mine underground space reservoir.
3. The coal mine pumped storage power generation system of claim 2, wherein: the side water-resisting layer around the underground space of the coal mine is formed by connecting a grouting reinforced waterproof coal column, a grouting blocked side top plate at the upper end of the grouting reinforced waterproof coal column and a grouting blocked side direct bottom plate at the lower end of the grouting reinforced waterproof coal column, and the lower end water-resisting layer is a grouting reinforced waterproof bottom plate layer of the underground space of the coal mine; the grouting depth in the grouting reinforced waterproof bottom plate layer or the grouting reinforced waterproof coal pillar is not less than 10m.
4. The coal mine pumped storage power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the reservoir in the subsidence area is provided with a bottom water-resisting layer below the subsidence area, and the permeability coefficient is less than or equal to 10 -6 m/s, and waterproof curtain walls or underground impervious walls are arranged on the sides.
5. The coal mine pumped storage power generation system of claim 4, wherein: the bottom water-resisting layer is a paved impermeable geomembrane, or is a clay layer in a fourth-period bedding layer of a ground subsidence area which is reinforced by grouting and plugged and reformed; the thickness of the geomembrane is more than or equal to 5mm, the impermeability strength can ensure that the geomembrane cannot permeate water under the water pressure of 1.05MPa for 48 hours, and the permeability coefficient of the geomembrane is less than 10 -11 cm/s; the clay layer with low permeability as bottom water-proof layer has a clay layer thickness of not less than 10m, compactness of 90% or more, and permeability coefficient of not more than 10 -6 m/s。
6. The coal mine pumped storage power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the water delivery channel is communicated with a coal mine underground space reservoir through a coal mine vertical shaft.
7. The coal mine pumped storage power generation system of claim 6, wherein: the coal mine shaft is a section of channel in the water delivery channel, or the coal mine shaft is internally provided with a water delivery communicating pipeline which is a section of channel in the water delivery channel.
8. The coal mine pumped storage power generation system of claim 7, wherein: the water conveying communicating pipeline is a water conveying communicating pipeline laid in a coal mine shaft, the pipeline is a steel pipe or an integral steel lining reinforced concrete water conveying pipe, and the water conveying pipe frame is fixed by the rock wall of the shaft.
9. The coal mine pumped storage power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the water delivery channel comprises a water delivery channel on the ground, and the water delivery channel on the ground is also provided with a booster pump or a water suction pump.
10. The coal mine pumped storage power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the bidirectional generator set adopts a water pump turbine with the characteristic of three super three tolerance, and is arranged at the bottom of a vertical shaft and used for lifting the water body of the low-level reservoir to the high-level reservoir to realize pumped storage and sending the water body of the high-level reservoir to the low-level reservoir to realize power generation.
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