CN220690033U - Maximum fruit diameter measuring device for spheroidal fruits - Google Patents
Maximum fruit diameter measuring device for spheroidal fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN220690033U CN220690033U CN202322347774.9U CN202322347774U CN220690033U CN 220690033 U CN220690033 U CN 220690033U CN 202322347774 U CN202322347774 U CN 202322347774U CN 220690033 U CN220690033 U CN 220690033U
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a measuring device for the maximum fruit diameter of a sphere-like fruit, which solves the problems that the existing fruit diameter measurement has errors and randomness and the maximum fruit diameter of the sphere-like fruit cannot be accurately measured. The device comprises an adjusting bracket and is characterized in that: the fruit-picking machine is characterized in that a camera frame and a light source frame are arranged on the adjusting support, a camera is fixed on the camera frame, a light source is fixed on the light source frame, one end of the adjusting support is provided with a lifting table opposite to the camera, the top surface of the lifting table is provided with a rotary table, and a standard circle correcting plate or a fruit sample to be detected can be placed on the rotary table in a replaceable mode. According to the utility model, the rotary table uniformly rotates and shoots a plurality of fruit images, and the mode of pixel comparison is carried out with the black circle of the standard circle correction plate, so that the machine vision measurement of fruit diameter can be realized, the maximum fruit diameter of fruits can be obtained through comparison, and the method is suitable for nondestructive accurate fruit diameter measurement in a laboratory.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of fruit and vegetable detection equipment, relates to fruit detection instrument equipment for laboratories, and particularly relates to a device for measuring the maximum fruit diameter of spherical fruits.
Background
The fruit diameter is one of the important factors for measuring the external quality of fruits, and is also an important basis for determining the specification grade and sales price of a plurality of fruits. The traditional fruit diameter measuring method is mainly to measure by using a grade clamping plate or a vernier caliper, wherein the grade clamping plate is used for digging holes in a paperboard or other material plates according to the specified diameter, fruits are placed in the holes when in use, and the fruit diameter is estimated and only used for graded reference, so that the method is intuitive and convenient to use, but the specific data of the fruit diameter cannot be accurately determined, and the precision requirement of a laboratory fruit test cannot be met. The vernier caliper is a special precision measurement tool, the measurement precision is high, but because the external material of the vernier caliper is harder and is in direct contact with fruit peel, mechanical damage is easily caused to the surface of the fruit during measurement, the measurement operation is complex, and in addition, the error is large because of manual operation during measurement. In order to improve the measurement error, a fruit diameter measurement method based on machine vision is also gradually applied, but at present, fruit diameters are basically measured by taking a single picture of fruits, and the measurement mode has certain randomness because the fruit types of the fruits are not symmetrical, so that the fruit diameter measurement method is not suitable for some fruits with the maximum fruit diameter as a grading standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the problems that the existing fruit diameter measurement has errors and randomness and the maximum fruit diameter of the spheroidal fruit cannot be accurately measured, and provides the device for measuring the maximum fruit diameter of the spheroidal fruit, which not only can accurately measure the diameter of the fruit based on a machine vision mode, but also can measure the diameters of all directions of the fruit in all directions through the rotation of a rotary table, so that the maximum fruit diameter of the fruit is determined.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a biggest fruit footpath measuring device of class spherical fruit, includes the regulation support, its characterized in that: the fruit-picking machine is characterized in that a camera frame and a light source frame are arranged on the adjusting support, a camera is fixed on the camera frame, a light source is fixed on the light source frame, one end of the adjusting support is provided with a lifting table opposite to the camera, the top surface of the lifting table is provided with a rotary table, and a standard circle correcting plate or a fruit sample to be detected can be placed on the rotary table in a replaceable mode.
The camera frame, the light source frame and the lifting table are adjusted in relative height, so that the center alignment of the camera and a fruit sample to be detected can be ensured according to the approximate size of fruits, the distance between the camera frame and the light source frame and the lifting table is adjusted, and the focal length of the camera, the size and definition of a photo and illumination conditions can be adjusted. After the positions of the camera frame, the light source frame and the lifting platform are relatively determined, a standard circle correction plate is placed on the rotary platform, the standard circle correction plate with the diameter of d black circles is placed at the center of the rotary platform, the center of the circles and the center of the camera are in a straight line, and black circle pictures are shot. Then placing the fruit sample to be measured in the center of a rotary table, controlling the rotary table to rotate at a constant speed, shooting a picture by a camera at a certain angle when the rotary table rotates, and uniformly shooting n fruit pictures in the process of rotating the fruit sample to be measured for one circle; carrying out pixel diameter extraction on n photographed fruit pictures by using an image binarization method, and selecting the maximum value of the pixel diameters as the maximum diameter of a fruit sample to be detected; respectively solving the pixel diameter of the black circle as D by using image processing, wherein the maximum pixel diameter of the fruit sample to be detected is D fruit The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Solving the true length P represented by each pixel point and the true maximum diameter D of the fruit sample to be tested max The formula is as follows:，/>。
preferably, the adjusting bracket comprises an optical guide rail serving as a base, a movable seat is arranged on the optical guide rail in a sliding mode, an optical lifting rod is vertically arranged on the movable seat, the camera frame and the light source frame are fixed on the optical lifting rod, and the lifting table is arranged at one end of the optical guide rail. When the distance between the camera and the light source and the lifting table needs to be greatly adjusted, the distance is realized by sliding the movable seat on the optical guide rail.
Preferably, the camera frame comprises a first connecting block which can be lifted and embraced and clamped on the optical lifting rod, a moving rod is arranged on the first connecting block in a telescopic mode, and a camera clamp is arranged on one side, facing the lifting table, of the moving rod.
Preferably, the light source frame comprises a second connecting block which can be lifted and clamped on the optical lifting rod, a T-shaped light source rod is arranged on the second connecting block, the middle support legs of the light source rod are inserted on the second connecting block in a telescopic manner, the support legs on two sides of the light source rod are respectively provided with a light source seat, and a light source is fixed on the light source seats. When the distance between the camera and the light source and the lifting table needs to be adjusted in a small range, the camera frame and the light source seat are adjusted in a telescopic manner.
Preferably, an adjusting groove is formed between the two side support legs along the light source rod, and the middle support leg of the light source rod and the light source seat can be slidably adjusted along the adjusting groove.
Preferably, the light source seats are disposed at both sides of the camera.
Preferably, the lifting platform is an X-shaped lifting platform and comprises a base and a top seat, an X-shaped supporting piece is arranged between the base and the top seat, one side of the X-shaped supporting piece is provided with a lifting handle, and the lifting handle is of a screw rod structure for pushing the X-shaped supporting piece.
Preferably, the standard round correction plate is a white plate, and the center of the white plate is provided with a black round shape with standard size.
Preferably, a rotating motor is arranged on one side of the rotating table, the rotating motor and the camera are connected with a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is connected with a computer.
Preferably, the adjusting bracket, the camera frame, the light source frame, the lifting table and the rotating table are all arranged in a black box for shading light.
According to the utility model, the rotary table uniformly rotates and shoots a plurality of fruit images, and the mode of pixel comparison is carried out with the black circle of the standard circle correction plate, so that the machine vision measurement of fruit diameter can be realized, the maximum fruit diameter of fruits can be obtained through comparison, and the method is suitable for nondestructive accurate fruit diameter measurement in a laboratory.
Drawings
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an adjusting bracket structure of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a camera frame according to the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a light source frame according to the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a lifting platform according to the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a calibration state of a standard circle calibration plate according to the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a photographing state of fruits to be measured according to the present utility model.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a physical structure of the present utility model.
In the figure: 1. the fruit sample to be measured comprises a camera, 2, a camera frame, 3, a light source, 4, a light source frame, 5, an adjusting bracket, 6, a lifting table, 7, a rotary table, 8, a computer, 9, a single chip microcomputer, 10, a camera clamp, 11, a first connecting block, 12, a moving rod, 13, a light source seat, 14, a light source rod, 15, a second connecting block, 16, an adjusting groove, 17, an optical lifting rod, 18, a moving seat, 19, an optical guide rail, 20, a lifting handle, 21, a base, 22, a top seat, 23, an X-shaped supporting piece, 24, a standard circle correcting plate, 25 and the fruit sample to be measured.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Examples: the device for measuring the maximum fruit diameter of the spheroidal fruits comprises an adjusting bracket 5 as shown in figures 1 and 8. The camera frame 2 and the light source frame 4 are arranged on the adjusting support 5, the camera 1 is fixed on the camera frame, the light source 3 is fixed on the light source frame, the lifting table 6 is arranged at one end of the adjusting support opposite to the camera, and the rotating table 7 is arranged on the top surface of the lifting table. One side of the rotary table is provided with a rotary motor, the rotary motor and the camera are connected with a single chip microcomputer 9, and the single chip microcomputer is connected with a computer 8. The adjusting bracket, the camera frame, the light source frame, the lifting table and the rotating table are all arranged in the black box for shading.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the adjusting bracket 5 comprises an optical guide 19 as a base, a moving seat 18 is slidably arranged on the optical guide, an optical lifting rod 17 is vertically arranged on the moving seat, the camera frame 2 and the light source frame 4 are fixed on the optical lifting rod, and the lifting table 6 is arranged at one end of the optical guide.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the camera frame 2 includes a first connecting block 11 which is held and clamped on an optical lifting rod in a lifting manner, a moving rod 12 is telescopically arranged on the first connecting block, and a camera clamp 10 is arranged on one side of the moving rod facing the lifting table.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the light source frame 4 includes a second connection block 15 capable of lifting and holding the optical lifting rod, a T-shaped light source rod 14 is arranged on the second connection block, the middle support legs of the light source rod are telescopically inserted on the second connection block, the support legs on two sides of the light source rod are respectively provided with a light source seat 13, and the light source 3 is fixed on the light source seat. An adjusting groove 16 is arranged between the support legs at two sides of the light source rod, and the support legs in the middle of the light source rod and the light source seat can be slidably adjusted along the adjusting groove. The light source seats 13 are provided at both sides of the camera 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the lifting platform 6 is an X-shaped lifting platform, and comprises a base 21 and a top seat 22, an X-shaped supporting member 23 is arranged between the base and the top seat, and a lifting handle 20 is arranged on one side of the X-shaped supporting member and is a screw rod structure for pushing the X-shaped supporting member.
The camera frame, the light source frame and the lifting table are adjusted in relative height, so that the center alignment of the camera and a fruit sample to be detected can be ensured according to the approximate size of fruits, the distance between the camera frame and the light source frame and the lifting table is adjusted, and the focal length of the camera, the size and definition of a photo and illumination conditions can be adjusted. After the positions of the camera frame, the light source frame and the lifting platform are relatively determined, as shown in fig. 6, a standard circle correction plate 24 is placed on the rotating platform, the standard circle correction plate with a diameter of d black circle is placed at the center of the rotating platform 7, and the center of the circle and the center of the camera are in a straight line, so that a black circle picture is shot. As shown in fig. 7, the fruit sample 25 to be measured is then placed at the center of the rotary table 7, the rotary table is controlled to rotate at a constant speed, a camera takes a picture every time a certain angle is rotated, and n fruit pictures are uniformly taken in the process that the fruit sample to be measured rotates for one circle; image binarization method is applied to n photographed water sheetsExtracting the pixel diameter of the fruit picture, and selecting the maximum value of the pixel diameter as the maximum diameter of the fruit sample to be detected; respectively solving the pixel diameter of the black circle as D by using image processing, wherein the maximum pixel diameter of the fruit sample to be detected is D fruit The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Solving the true length P represented by each pixel point and the true maximum diameter D of the fruit sample to be tested max The formula is as follows:，。
Claims (10)
1. the utility model provides a biggest fruit footpath measuring device of class spherical fruit, includes the regulation support, its characterized in that: the fruit-picking machine is characterized in that a camera frame and a light source frame are arranged on the adjusting support, a camera is fixed on the camera frame, a light source is fixed on the light source frame, one end of the adjusting support is provided with a lifting table opposite to the camera, the top surface of the lifting table is provided with a rotary table, and a standard circle correcting plate or a fruit sample to be detected can be placed on the rotary table in a replaceable mode.
2. A maximum diameter measuring device for a spheroidal fruit according to claim 1, wherein: the adjusting support comprises an optical guide rail serving as a base, a movable seat is arranged on the optical guide rail in a sliding mode, an optical lifting rod is vertically arranged on the movable seat, the camera frame and the light source frame are fixed on the optical lifting rod, and the lifting table is arranged at one end of the optical guide rail.
3. A maximum diameter measuring device for a spheroidal fruit according to claim 2, wherein: the camera frame comprises a first connecting block which can be lifted and clamped on the optical lifting rod, a moving rod is arranged on the first connecting block in a telescopic mode, and a camera clamp is arranged on one side, facing the lifting table, of the moving rod.
4. A maximum fruit diameter measuring device for spheroidal fruits according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the light source frame comprises a second connecting block which can be lifted and clamped on the optical lifting rod, a T-shaped light source rod is arranged on the second connecting block, the middle support legs of the light source rod are inserted on the second connecting block in a telescopic mode, the support legs on two sides of the light source rod are respectively provided with a light source seat, and a light source is fixed on the light source seats.
5. The maximum fruit diameter measuring device for spheroidal fruits according to claim 4, wherein: an adjusting groove is formed between the support legs at two sides of the light source rod, and the support legs in the middle of the light source rod and the light source seat can be slidably adjusted along the adjusting groove.
6. The maximum fruit diameter measuring device for spheroidal fruits according to claim 4, wherein: the light source seats are arranged on two sides of the camera.
7. A maximum diameter measuring device for a spheroidal fruit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the lifting platform is an X-shaped lifting platform and comprises a base and a top seat, an X-shaped supporting piece is arranged between the base and the top seat, one side of the X-shaped supporting piece is provided with a lifting handle, and the lifting handle is of a screw rod structure for pushing the X-shaped supporting piece.
8. A maximum diameter measuring device for a spheroidal fruit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the standard round correction plate is a white plate, and the center of the white plate is provided with a black round shape with standard size.
9. A maximum diameter measuring device for a spheroidal fruit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: one side of the rotary table is provided with a rotary motor, the rotary motor and the camera are connected with a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is connected with a computer.
10. A maximum diameter measuring device for a spheroidal fruit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the adjusting support, the camera frame, the light source frame, the lifting table and the rotating table are all arranged in a black box for shading light.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322347774.9U CN220690033U (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Maximum fruit diameter measuring device for spheroidal fruits |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322347774.9U CN220690033U (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Maximum fruit diameter measuring device for spheroidal fruits |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220690033U true CN220690033U (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322347774.9U Active CN220690033U (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Maximum fruit diameter measuring device for spheroidal fruits |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220690033U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-31 CN CN202322347774.9U patent/CN220690033U/en active Active
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