CN106441049B - High-precision front wheel axle concentricity detection equipment - Google Patents

High-precision front wheel axle concentricity detection equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106441049B
CN106441049B CN201611220870.5A CN201611220870A CN106441049B CN 106441049 B CN106441049 B CN 106441049B CN 201611220870 A CN201611220870 A CN 201611220870A CN 106441049 B CN106441049 B CN 106441049B
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shaft
seat
image data
horizontal
cylinder
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CN106441049A (en
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曾勇
孙光兵
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Chongqing Yuefa Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Chongqing Yuefa Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G01B5/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
    • G01B5/252—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes for measuring eccentricity, i.e. lateral shift between two parallel axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides high-precision front wheel axle concentricity detection equipment, which comprises: a detection platform; the vertical supporting seat is arranged on the detection plane and is close to the bottom edge of the detection plane; the horizontal supporting seat is arranged on the detection plane and is positioned between the vertical supporting seat and the vertical pressing arm; the horizontal pressing arm is arranged beside the horizontal supporting seat; a reference mechanism, comprising: a detection seat; the shaft mounting seat is fixedly arranged on the seat plate; the reference shaft is fixedly arranged on the shaft mounting seat and is parallel to the vertical direction; a measurement mechanism, comprising: the sighting rod is provided with a dial indicator; an auxiliary aiming mechanism, comprising: a reference base; the central shaft is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the reference seat; and the end part of the central shaft, which is not connected with the reference seat, is provided with a limiting ring for limiting the convolution cylinder to slide out. The invention has the beneficial effects that: on the premise of facilitating the pulling of the sighting rope, the alignment degree of the reference shaft and the shaft body is improved.

Description

High-precision front wheel axle concentricity detection equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection device for a front wheel shaft of an automobile, in particular to high-precision front wheel shaft concentricity detection equipment.
Background
In the prior art, the front axle comprises an axle body 11, a first mounting plate 12 and a second mounting plate 13 are respectively arranged at two ends of the axle body 11, the first mounting plate 12 and the second mounting plate 13 are of a same structure, axle holes 14 are respectively arranged on the first mounting plate 12 and the second mounting plate 13, two ends of the axle body 11 are respectively inserted into the axle holes 14 of the first mounting plate 12 and the second mounting plate 13, and the axle holes 14 of the first mounting plate 12 and the second mounting plate 13 are linked with the axle body 11 due to the fact that the quality of the front axle relates to the consistent rolling effect of two front wheels of an automobile, and the detection of the concentricity of the axle holes of the first mounting plate 12 and the axle holes 14 of the second mounting plate 13 and the axle body 11 is crucial. In order to detect concentricity, a common concentricity detector is available in the prior art, but the detection accuracy of the front wheel axle is not high because the reference axis is difficult to determine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides high-precision front wheel axle concentricity detection equipment which improves the alignment degree of a reference axle and an axle body on the premise of conveniently pulling an aiming rope.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-precision front axle concentricity detection apparatus comprising:
the height of the detection platform is greater than that of the front wheel shaft, and a plane of the detection platform, which is parallel to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, is a detection plane;
the vertical supporting seat is arranged on the detection plane and close to the bottom edge of the detection plane, and is used for supporting a first mounting plate or a second mounting plate of the rear axle;
the horizontal supporting seat is arranged on the detection plane and is positioned between the vertical supporting seat and the vertical pressing arm, a V-shaped groove is formed in the surface of the horizontal supporting seat, and the V-shaped groove is used for placing the shaft body of the rear wheel shaft;
the horizontal pressing arm is arranged beside the horizontal supporting seat so as to press the shaft body on the horizontal supporting seat;
a reference mechanism, comprising:
a detection seat arranged beside the vertical pressing arm, the detection seat comprises a vertical seat body arranged on a detection plane and parallel to the horizontal direction, a horizontal seat body is arranged on the detection plane in a sliding manner, the horizontal seat body is positioned between the vertical seat body and the vertical pressing arm and parallel to the vertical direction, a first air cylinder is arranged on the vertical seat body, the extension direction of a piston rod of the first air cylinder is parallel to the horizontal direction, the piston rod of the first air cylinder is connected with the horizontal seat body, a seat board is arranged on one side of the horizontal seat body far away from the detection plane, the plane where the seat board is positioned is parallel to the plane where the horizontal seat body is positioned, a second air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the horizontal seat body, the extension direction of the piston rod of the second air cylinder is vertical to the detection plane, and the piston rod of the second air cylinder is connected with the seat board,
the shaft mounting seat is fixedly arranged on the seat plate; and
the reference shaft is fixedly arranged on the shaft mounting seat, is parallel to the vertical direction, and can be aligned with the shaft axis of the mounted shaft body by the aid of the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the first air cylinder and the piston rod of the second air cylinder;
a measurement mechanism, comprising: the sighting rod is slidably arranged on the shaft mounting seat and used for sighting the edge of the shaft hole, and a dial indicator is arranged on the sighting rod to measure the distance between the sighting rod and the reference shaft;
an auxiliary aiming mechanism, comprising:
a reference base mounted on the seat plate;
the central shaft is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the reference seat;
the convolution cylinder is rotationally arranged on the central shaft, a limiting ring for limiting the convolution cylinder to slide out is arranged at the end part of the central shaft, which is not connected with the reference seat, and a driving cavity is formed between the convolution cylinder and the central shaft;
the coil spring is convoluted in the driving cavity, the inner end of the coil spring is fixed with the central shaft, and the outer end of the coil spring is connected with the outside of the convolution cylinder;
the aiming rope is convoluted on the convolution cylinder, one end of the aiming rope is fixed with the convolution cylinder, and when the coil spring is in a natural state, all the aiming ropes can be convoluted on the convolution cylinder;
the sighting device is suspended by a sighting rope, the sighting device is of a conical structure, the sighting rope penetrates through the center of the bottom surface of the reference shaft and is connected with the center of the bottom surface of the sighting device, and after the sighting rope is tightened under the action of gravity of the sighting device, the center of the bottom surface of the reference shaft, the center of the bottom surface of the sighting device and the top point of the sighting device are on the same straight line;
the fixture block is provided with a fixture hole on the side surface of the convolution cylinder close to the reference seat, the fixture block can extend into the fixture hole to limit the rotation of the convolution cylinder, and the fixture hole and the fixture block are both in a cuboid structure;
the sliding block is of an L-shaped structure, a sliding groove is formed in the surface of the reference seat, one end of the sliding block is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the other end of the sliding block is connected with the clamping block through a connecting piece; and
and one end of the spring is connected with the end face of the sliding groove, the other end of the spring is connected with the end face of the sliding block far away from the clamping block, and the clamping block is tightly pressed in the clamping hole when the spring is always in a compressed state.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
axle mount pad and aim rope and all adopt transparent material to make, basic shaft surface is white, the maximum diameter of aiming piece is less than the diameter of basic axle, be provided with the seat of taking a picture on the axle mount pad, the seat of taking a picture is L type structure, install the camera that is located directly over the basic axle on the seat of taking a picture, the center of camera is on the axis of basic axle, the camera is used for obtaining the image data of shaft hole and this body coupling department of axle, the camera is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the display screen, the controller is used for measuring the distance between shaft hole centre of a circle and the axle body centre of a circle according to the photo that the camera was shot, concrete measuring step includes:
step one, acquiring image data f (x) of the connection part of the shaft hole and the shaft bodyi，zj，wk) In the formula, xiAnd zjCoordinate value, w, representing the image data on the canvaskImage data representing a gray value at the center of the reference axis is f (0, 0, w)0)；
Step two, all the image data f (x)i，zj，wk) And (4) classification: first, each image data f (x) is calculatedi，zj，wk) To the center f (0, 0, w) of the reference shaft0) A distance r ofn，rn＝x2+z2(ii) a Then, all the image data are determined according to rnIs classified into rnDividing the equal image data into a group to obtain N groups of image data; finally, according to each group of image data rnThe image data of each group are sorted according to the size of the image data to obtain N groups of ordered image data groups;
step three, judging r of each group of image datanWhether or not greater than R1，R1Taking the radius of the reference axis as the radius, if so, performing the step four, and if not, performing no processing;
step four, from rnStarting with the largest image data set, determining each image data w in each image data setkAdjacent to rnEach image data w of the smaller image data setkWhether the two phases are equal or not, if so, not processing; if not, r isnSmaller image data f (x)i，zj，wk) With its r attachednStoring the values into an edge data group together;
step five, judging all image data f (x) in the edge data groupi，zj，wk) R ofnWhether the values are equal or not is judged, if so, the circle center of the shaft hole is concentric with the circle center of the shaft body, and the display is controlled to output the measurement result; if not, carrying out the sixth step;
step six, randomly taking three different image data in the edge data group, and combining the x of the three different image dataiAnd zjSubstituting into a formula: (x)i-O1)2+(zj-O2)2＝R2 2In the formula O1And O2As an unknown number, R2The radius of the shaft hole;
step seven, obtaining O through calculation1And O2To obtain the center (O) of the shaft hole1，O2)；
Step eight, calculating to obtain the concentricity L ═ O1 2+O2 2And the distance between the circle center of the output shaft hole of the display screen and the circle center of the shaft body is controlled to be L.
Preferably, the horizontal pressing arm includes:
a third cylinder vertically disposed on the detection plane; and
and one end of the arm body is connected with a piston rod of the third cylinder so as to press the shaft body between the horizontal supporting seat and the arm body.
Preferably, a vertical pressing arm is provided near the top edge of the detection plane, the vertical pressing arm comprising:
an arm support disposed on the detection plane;
the fourth cylinder is arranged on the arm support, and the telescopic direction of a piston rod of the fourth cylinder is positioned in the vertical direction; and
and one end of the pressing part is connected with a piston rod of the fourth cylinder so as to press the first mounting block or the second mounting block.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) by arranging the detection platform, the vertical supporting seat, the vertical pressing arm, the horizontal supporting seat and the horizontal pressing arm, the shaft body of the rear wheel shaft is positioned in the vertical direction after the rear wheel shaft is installed, and a condition is laid for aligning the axis of the reference shaft with the axis of the shaft body through a suspension method;
2) the position of the reference shaft in the vertical direction is adjusted by arranging the detection seat, and the shaft body and the reference shaft are in the vertical reverse direction, so that the adjustment of the detection seat only aims at the adjustment in the horizontal direction and the direction perpendicular to the detection plane, and further conditions are provided for the alignment of the reference shaft and the shaft body;
3) by arranging the aiming rope and the aiming piece in the detection device, the aim of aligning the reference shaft with the shaft body by a suspension method is realized, the aim of the reference shaft with the shaft body is improved, the concentricity detection accuracy of the shaft body and the shaft hole is further improved, the quality of the produced front wheel shaft before leaving a factory is ensured, and the market competitiveness of the front wheel shaft is improved;
4) the sighting rod is arranged to realize alignment with the edge of the shaft hole, and a dial indicator is arranged on the sighting rod to realize final detection of concentricity of the shaft body and the shaft hole;
5) the reference shaft is moved in the horizontal direction and the direction perpendicular to the detection plane by arranging the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder respectively, because the linear motion of the modern technology to the air cylinders is accurate, the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder are arranged to replace the traditional screw rod to move, because a rotating base hole is required to be arranged in the screw rod moving process, in order to realize that the screw rod rotates in the base hole, the diameter of the base hole is required to be larger than that of the screw rod, the random rotation of the reference shaft caused by the automatic rotation of the screw rod in the base hole is inevitable, and the defect is overcome by arranging the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder;
6) by arranging the coil spring between the convolution cylinder and the central shaft, the aiming piece and the aiming rope are automatically retracted when the device is not suitable for use and is installed, so that the aiming piece is tightly attached to the reference shaft, and the situation that the rear wheel shaft is blocked when the device is installed is avoided; simultaneously, set up the fixture block to set up sliding block and spring, realized that the fixture block locks a convolution section of thick bamboo when no external force, prevent the arbitrary rotation of a convolution section of thick bamboo, can will aim the rope location at appointed length after aiming at the rope and pull out appointed length, also can make a convolution section of thick bamboo of fixture block release through stirring the sliding block when a needs convolution section of thick bamboo can rotate simultaneously, avoid need maintain a convolution section of thick bamboo in the assigned position and need make things convenient for the operation with the hand fixed convolution section of thick bamboo.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front axle construction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-precision front axle concentricity detection apparatus in the embodiment when the front axle is not installed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-precision front axle concentricity detection apparatus after being mounted on a front axle in the embodiment;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the present embodiment provides a high-precision front axle concentricity detection apparatus, including:
the height of the detection platform 2 is greater than that of the front wheel shaft, and a plane parallel to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the detection platform 2 is a detection plane 21;
the vertical supporting seat 3 is arranged on the detection plane 21 and close to the bottom edge of the detection plane 21, and the vertical supporting seat 3 is used for supporting a first mounting plate or a second mounting plate of the rear axle;
the horizontal supporting seat 4 is arranged on the detection plane 21 and is positioned between the vertical supporting seat 3 and the vertical pressing arm, a V-shaped groove 41 is formed in the surface of the horizontal supporting seat, and the V-shaped groove 41 is used for placing a shaft body of the rear wheel shaft;
a horizontal pressing arm 5 which is arranged beside the horizontal supporting seat 4 to press the shaft body on the horizontal supporting seat 4;
a reference mechanism, comprising:
the detection seat 61 is arranged beside the vertical pressing arm, the detection seat 61 comprises a vertical seat body 611, the vertical seat body 611 is arranged on the detection plane 21, the plane of the vertical seat body 611 is parallel to the horizontal direction, a horizontal seat body 612 is arranged on the detection plane 21 in a sliding manner, the horizontal seat body 612 is arranged between the vertical seat body 611 and the vertical pressing arm, the plane of the horizontal seat body 612 is parallel to the vertical direction, a first air cylinder 613 is arranged on the vertical seat body 611, the extension direction of a piston rod of the first air cylinder 613 is parallel to the horizontal direction, the piston rod of the first air cylinder 613 is connected with the horizontal seat body 612, a seat plate 614 is arranged on one side of the horizontal seat body 612 away from the detection plane 21, the plane of the seat plate 614 is parallel to the plane of the horizontal seat body 612, a second air cylinder 615 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal seat body 612, the extension direction of the piston rod of the second air cylinder 615 is perpendicular to the detection plane 21, and the piston rod of the second air cylinder 615 is connected with the seat plate 614,
a shaft mount 62 fixedly disposed on the seat plate 614; and
a reference shaft 63 fixedly arranged on the shaft mounting base 62, wherein the reference shaft 63 is parallel to the vertical direction, and the extension and contraction of the piston rod of the first air cylinder 613 and the extension and contraction of the piston rod of the second air cylinder 615 can align the shaft axis of the reference shaft 63 with the shaft axis of the mounted shaft body;
a measuring mechanism 7, comprising: a sighting bar 71 slidably arranged on the shaft mounting seat 62, wherein the sighting bar 71 is used for sighting the edge of a shaft hole, and a percentile ruler 72 is arranged on the sighting bar 71 to measure the distance between the sighting bar 71 and the reference shaft 63;
an auxiliary aiming mechanism 8, comprising:
a reference seat 81 attached to the seat plate 614;
a center shaft 82 fixedly provided on an end surface of the reference base 81;
a convolution cylinder 83 which is rotatably arranged on the central shaft 82, a limiting ring (not shown) for limiting the convolution cylinder 83 to slide out is arranged at the end part of the central shaft 82 which is not connected with the reference seat 81, and a driving cavity is formed between the convolution cylinder 83 and the central shaft 82;
a coil spring (not shown) which is convoluted in the driving cavity, the inner end of the coil spring is fixed with the central shaft 82, and the outer end of the coil spring is externally connected with the convolution cylinder 83;
the aiming rope 85 is convoluted on the convolution cylinder 83, one end of the aiming rope 85 is fixed with the convolution cylinder 83, and when the coil spring is in a natural state, all the aiming ropes 85 can be convoluted on the convolution cylinder 83;
the sighting piece 86 is suspended through a sighting rope 85, the sighting piece 86 is of a conical structure, the sighting rope 85 penetrates through the center of the bottom surface of the reference shaft 63, the sighting rope 85 is connected with the center of the bottom surface of the sighting piece 86, and after the sighting rope 85 is tightened under the action of gravity of the sighting piece 86, the center of the bottom surface of the reference shaft 63, the center of the bottom surface of the sighting piece 86 and the top point of the sighting piece 86 are on the same straight line;
a clamping block 87, wherein a clamping hole is formed in the side surface, close to the reference seat 81, of the convolution cylinder 83, the clamping block 87 can extend into the clamping hole to limit the convolution cylinder 83 to rotate, and the clamping hole and the clamping block 87 are both of rectangular structures;
a sliding block 88 which is of an L-shaped structure, wherein a sliding groove is formed on the surface of the reference seat 81, one end of the sliding block 88 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the other end of the sliding block 88 is connected with the fixture block 87 through a connecting piece; and
and one end of the spring 89 is connected with the end surface of the sliding groove, the other end of the spring 89 is connected with the end surface of the sliding block 88 far away from the fixture block 87, and when the spring 89 is always in a compressed state, the fixture block 87 is pressed in the fixture hole. When the installation is carried out, firstly, the shaft body is placed on the horizontal supporting seat 4; then, a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate which do not need to be detected are tightly attached to the vertical supporting seat 3; and then, starting the horizontal pressing arm 5, pressing the shaft body between the horizontal supporting seat 4 and the horizontal pressing arm 5 from the horizontal direction, and finally realizing the installation. During detection, the aiming rope 85 is used to enable the aiming piece 86 to be freely suspended below, the sliding block 88 is broken off, the spring 89 is further compressed, the clamping block 87 is pulled out from the clamping hole, the state that the clamping block 87 is separated from the clamping hole is kept, the convolution barrel 83 is released at the moment, the aiming rope 85 can be pulled, the aiming rope 85 is pulled out, when the required length of the aiming rope 85 is reached, the clamping hole rotates to the position aligned with the clamping block 87, the sliding block 88 can be released, under the restoring force of the spring 89, the sliding block 88 drives the clamping block 87 to move towards the clamping hole, the clamping block 87 clamps the convolution barrel 83, the aiming rope 85 reaches the required length, so that the vertex of the aiming piece 86 is close to the shaft body, the vertex of the aiming piece 86 cannot be supported, so as to see whether the circle center of the reference shaft 63 is aligned with the circle center of the shaft body or not, and the method avoids that the circle center of the circle of the reference shaft 63 cannot be aimed due to overlarge distance between the circle center of the circle of the shaft body, when aiming, when the reference shaft 63 is horizontally distanced from the shaft body, the reference shaft 63 moves in the horizontal direction by adjusting the extension length of the piston rod of the first cylinder 613 on the detection base 61, so that the circle center of the bottom surface of the reference shaft 63 and the vertex of the aiming piece 86 are connected in the direction perpendicular to the detection plane 21 (i.e. the direction of the Z axis perpendicular to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction); when the circle center of the bottom surface of the reference shaft 63 and the vertex of the aiming piece 86 are only separated in the Z-axis direction, the extension length of the piston rod of the second cylinder 615 of the detection seat 61 is adjusted again, and when the circle center of the bottom surface of the reference shaft 63 and the vertex of the aiming piece 86 coincide, namely the circle center of the reference shaft 63 and the circle center of the shaft body are aligned; finally, sliding the sighting rod 71, aligning the edge of the sighting rod 71 close to the reference shaft 63 with the edge of the shaft hole, then detecting the distance between the reference shaft 63 and the edge of the sighting rod 71 close to the reference shaft 63 by using the dial indicator 72, and if the distance is zero, indicating that the shaft body and the shaft hole have the same coaxial line; if the distance is not zero, it means that the shaft body and the shaft hole are not coaxial. Because the first mounting block is the same as the second mounting block, detection can be realized, and only the rear wheel shaft needs to be turned over.
When the dial indicator 72 is used for detection, the edge of the sighting rod 71 close to the reference shaft 63 needs to be aligned with the edge of the shaft hole, the alignment is troublesome, the distance between the edge of the reference shaft 63 and the edge of the sighting rod 71 close to the reference shaft 63 can only be detected in real time, and the concentricity is obtained by subtracting the distance between the shaft body and the edge of the shaft hole when the standard concentricity is used for the real-time distance, so that the detection precision is not high, and the requirement that the concentricity detection precision is not high can be met. In order to meet the requirement of high-precision detection, the shaft mounting seat 62 and the aiming rope 85 are made of transparent materials, the design of the shaft mounting seat 62 provides a condition for a camera arranged right above the reference shaft 63 to shoot a picture at the position of the reference shaft 63 shielding a rear shaft hole, the design surface of the aiming rope 85 has projection to increase the calculation difficulty for the aiming rope 85, the calculation burden for the subsequent concentricity calculation is reduced, the calculation speed is improved, the surface of the reference shaft 63 is white, the gap between the shaft hole and the reference shaft 63 after projection is black so as to increase the contrast between the gap and the reference shaft 63, the maximum diameter of the aiming part 86 is smaller than the diameter of the reference shaft 63, the shaft mounting seat 62 is provided with a camera seat 91, the camera seat 91 is of an L-shaped structure, the installation of the camera is realized, the camera 92 positioned right above the reference shaft 63 is arranged on the camera seat 91, the center of the camera 92 is positioned on the axis line of the reference shaft 63, so that the center of obtaining the image is just on the centre of a circle of reference shaft 63, camera 92 is used for obtaining the image data of shaft hole and this body coupling department of axle, and camera 92 is connected with controller (not shown in the figure), and the controller is connected with display screen (not shown in the figure), and the controller is used for measuring the distance between the shaft hole centre of a circle and the axle body centre of a circle according to the photo that camera 92 shot, and concrete measuring step includes:
step one, acquiring image data f (x) of the connection part of the shaft hole and the shaft bodyi，zj，wk) In the formula, xiAnd zjCoordinate value, w, representing the image data on the canvaskImage data representing a gray value at the center of the reference axis is f (0, 0, w)0)；
Step two, all the image data f (x)i，zj，wk) And (4) classification: first, each image data f (x) is calculatedi，zj，wk) To the center f (0, 0, w) of the reference shaft0) A distance r ofn，rn＝x2+z2(ii) a Then, all the image data are calculated according to rnIs classified into rnDividing the equal image data into a group to obtain N groups of image data; finally, according to each group of image data rnSorting each group of image data to obtain N ordered groups of image data;
step three, judging r of each group of image datanWhether or not it is greater than R1，R1Taking the radius of the reference axis as the radius of the reference axis, if so, performing the step four, and if not, performing no processing;
step four, from rnStarting with the largest image data set, determining each image data w in each image data setkAdjacent to rnEach image data w of the smaller image data setkWhether the two phases are equal or not, if so, not processing; if not, r isnSmaller image data f (x)i，zj，wk) With its rnStoring the values into an edge data group together;
step five, judging all image data f (x) in the edge data groupi，zj，wk) R ofnWhether the values are equal or not is judged, if so, the circle center of the shaft hole is concentric with the circle center of the shaft body, and the display is controlled to output the measurement result; if not, carrying out the sixth step;
step six, randomly taking three different image data in the edge data group, and combining the x of the three different image dataiAnd zjSubstituting into a formula: (x)i-O1)2+(zj-O2)2＝R2 2In the formula O1And O2Is an unknown number, R2The radius of the shaft hole;
step seven, obtaining O through calculation1And O2To obtain the center (O) of the shaft hole1，O2)；
Step eight, calculating to obtain the concentricity L ═ O1 2+O2 2And the distance between the circle center of the output shaft hole of the display screen and the circle center of the shaft body is controlled to be L.
In order to design the horizontal pressing arm 5 with simple structure and convenient use, the horizontal pressing arm 5 comprises:
a third cylinder 51 vertically disposed on the detection plane 21; and
and an arm body 52, one end of which is connected with a piston rod of the third cylinder 51 so as to press the shaft body between the horizontal support base 4 and the arm body 52.
In order to achieve a vertical pressing of the rear wheel axle, a vertical pressing arm is provided near the top edge of the detection plane 21, the vertical pressing arm comprising:
an arm support 53 provided on the detection plane 21;
a fourth cylinder 54 mounted on the arm support 53, and a piston rod of the fourth cylinder 54 extends and retracts in a vertical direction; and
and a pressing part 55 having one end connected to a piston rod of the fourth cylinder 54 to press the first mounting block or the second mounting block.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a high accuracy front wheel axle concentricity check out test set which characterized in that includes:
the height of the detection platform is greater than that of the front wheel shaft, and a plane of the detection platform, which is parallel to both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, is a detection plane;
the vertical supporting seat is arranged on the detection plane and close to the bottom edge of the detection plane, and is used for supporting a first mounting plate or a second mounting plate of the rear axle;
the horizontal supporting seat is arranged on the detection plane and is positioned between the vertical supporting seat and the vertical pressing arm, a V-shaped groove is formed in the surface of the horizontal supporting seat, and the V-shaped groove is used for placing the shaft body of the rear wheel shaft;
the horizontal pressing arm is arranged beside the horizontal supporting seat so as to press the shaft body on the horizontal supporting seat;
a reference mechanism, comprising: a detection seat arranged beside the vertical pressing arm, the detection seat comprises a vertical seat body arranged on a detection plane and parallel to the horizontal direction, a horizontal seat body is arranged on the detection plane in a sliding manner, the horizontal seat body is positioned between the vertical seat body and the vertical pressing arm and parallel to the vertical direction, a first air cylinder is arranged on the vertical seat body, the extension direction of a piston rod of the first air cylinder is parallel to the horizontal direction, the piston rod of the first air cylinder is connected with the horizontal seat body, a seat board is arranged on one side of the horizontal seat body far away from the detection plane, the plane where the seat board is positioned is parallel to the plane where the horizontal seat body is positioned, a second air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the horizontal seat body, the extension direction of the piston rod of the second air cylinder is vertical to the detection plane, and the piston rod of the second air cylinder is connected with the seat board,
the shaft mounting seat is fixedly arranged on the seat plate; and
the reference shaft is fixedly arranged on the shaft mounting seat and is parallel to the vertical direction, and the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the first air cylinder and the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the second air cylinder can align the axis of the reference shaft with the axis of the placed shaft body;
a measurement mechanism, comprising: the sighting rod is slidably arranged on the shaft mounting seat and used for sighting the edge of the shaft hole, and a dial indicator is arranged on the sighting rod to measure the distance between the sighting rod and the reference shaft;
an auxiliary aiming mechanism, comprising:
a reference base mounted on the seat plate;
the central shaft is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the reference seat;
the convolution cylinder is rotationally arranged on the central shaft, a limiting ring for limiting the convolution cylinder to slide out is arranged at the end part of the central shaft, which is not connected with the reference seat, and a driving cavity is formed between the convolution cylinder and the central shaft;
the coil spring is convoluted in the driving cavity, the inner end of the coil spring is fixed with the central shaft, and the outer end of the coil spring is connected with the outside of the convolution cylinder; the aiming rope is convoluted on the convolution cylinder, one end of the aiming rope is fixed with the convolution cylinder, and when the coil spring is in a natural state, all the aiming ropes can be convoluted on the convolution cylinder;
the sighting device is suspended by a sighting rope, the sighting device is of a conical structure, the sighting rope penetrates through the center of the bottom surface of the reference shaft and is connected with the center of the bottom surface of the sighting device, and after the sighting rope is tightened under the action of gravity of the sighting device, the center of the bottom surface of the reference shaft, the center of the bottom surface of the sighting device and the top point of the sighting device are on the same straight line;
the fixture block is provided with a fixture hole on the side surface of the convolution cylinder close to the reference seat, the fixture block can extend into the fixture hole to limit the rotation of the convolution cylinder, and the fixture hole and the fixture block are both in a cuboid structure;
the sliding block is of an L-shaped structure, a sliding groove is formed in the surface of the reference seat, one end of the sliding block is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the other end of the sliding block is connected with the clamping block through a connecting piece; and
one end of the spring is connected with the end face of the sliding groove, the other end of the spring is connected with the end face of the sliding block, which is far away from the clamping block, and the clamping block is tightly pressed in the clamping hole when the spring is always in a compressed state;
wherein, axle mount pad and aiming rope all adopt transparent material to make, reference shaft surface is white, the maximum diameter of aiming one is less than the diameter of reference shaft, be provided with the seat of making a video recording on the axle mount pad, the seat of making a video recording is L type structure, install the camera that is located directly over the reference shaft on the seat of making a video recording, the center of camera is on the axis of reference shaft, the camera is used for obtaining the image data of shaft hole and axle body junction, the camera is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the display screen, the controller is used for measuring the distance between shaft hole centre of a circle and the axle body centre of a circle according to the photo that the camera was shot, concrete measurement step includes:
step one, acquiring image data f (x) of the connection part of the shaft hole and the shaft bodyi，zj，wk) In the formula, xiAnd zjCoordinate value, w, representing the image data on the canvaskImage data representing a gray value at the center of the reference axis is f (0, 0, w)0)；
Step two, all the image data f (x)i，zj，wk) And (4) classification: first, each image data f (x) is calculatedi，zj，wk) To the center f (0, 0, w) of the reference shaft0) A distance r ofn，rn＝x2+z2(ii) a Then, all the image data are determined according to rnIs classified into rnDividing the equal image data into a group to obtain N groups of image data; finally, according to each group of image data rnSorting each group of image data to obtain N ordered groups of image data;
step three, judging r of each group of image datanWhether or not greater than R1，R1Taking the radius of the reference axis as the radius of the reference axis, if so, performing the step four, and if not, performing no processing;
step four, from rnStarting with the largest image data set, determining each image data w in each image data setkAdjacent to rnSmaller number of imagesEach image data w in the groupkWhether the two phases are equal or not, if so, not processing; if not, r is addednSmaller image data f (x)i，zj，wk) With its rnStoring the values into an edge data group together;
step five, judging all image data f (x) in the edge data groupi，zj，wk) R ofnWhether the values are equal or not is judged, if so, the circle center of the shaft hole is concentric with the circle center of the shaft body, and the display is controlled to output the measurement result; if not, carrying out the sixth step;
step six, randomly taking three different image data in the edge data group, and converting x of the three different image dataiAnd zjSubstituting into a formula: (x)i-O1)2+(zj-O2)2＝R2 2In the formula O1And O2As an unknown number, R2The radius of the shaft hole;
step seven, obtaining O through calculation1And O2To obtain the center (O) of the shaft hole1，O2)；
Step eight, calculating to obtain the concentricity L ═ O1 2+O2 2And the distance between the circle center of the output shaft hole of the display screen and the circle center of the shaft body is controlled to be L.
2. A high precision front axle concentricity detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the horizontal hold down arm comprises:
a third cylinder vertically disposed on the detection plane; and
and one end of the arm body is connected with a piston rod of the third cylinder so as to press the shaft body between the horizontal supporting seat and the arm body.
3. The high precision front axle concentricity detection apparatus of claim 2, wherein a vertical hold down arm is provided near the top edge of the detection plane, the vertical hold down arm comprising:
an arm support disposed on the detection plane;
the fourth cylinder is arranged on the arm support, and the telescopic direction of a piston rod of the fourth cylinder is positioned in the vertical direction; and
and one end of the pressing part is connected with a piston rod of the fourth cylinder so as to press the first mounting block or the second mounting block.
CN201611220870.5A 2016-12-26 2016-12-26 High-precision front wheel axle concentricity detection equipment Active CN106441049B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN116563520B (en) * 2023-07-11 2023-09-22 河北霞光电力工程集团有限公司 Alignment control method, alignment control system, alignment control equipment and alignment control medium for installing telegraph pole

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DE1548177A1 (en) * 1966-04-05 1970-03-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Axle alignment control and measuring device
US3758213A (en) * 1971-07-27 1973-09-11 Pherson R Mac Method and apparatus for testing front wheel alignment of automotive vehicles
EP2159534A1 (en) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-03 Beta LaserMike, Inc. Eccentricity gauge for wire and cable and method for measuring concentricity
CN206514794U (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-09-22 重庆越发机械制造有限公司 High-precision front axle concentricity detection apparatus

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