CN220651675U - Submarine cable - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of cables, and provides a submarine cable, which comprises: the cable comprises a cable core structure, an optical unit and a filler, wherein the filler is filled in the cable core structure when the cable is stranded, the optical unit is arranged in part of the filler, and an outer cladding is further arranged after the cable core structure, the optical unit and the filler are cabled; the filling material is foamed polyethylene filling material, the outer wrapping layer comprises an armor layer, and the armor layer comprises steel wires and aramid fiber wires which are stranded together. According to the submarine cable, the filler is made of the foamed polyethylene, so that the weight of the submarine cable is reduced, the lightweight development of the submarine cable is realized, the transportation capacity of the submarine cable is improved, and the laying cost is reduced; the armor layer is arranged to be the stranding layer of the steel wires and the aramid fiber wires, so that the flexibility and toughness of the submarine cable are improved, and the quality and service life of the submarine cable are improved.

Description

Submarine cable

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a submarine cable.

Background

With the rapid development of offshore wind power, offshore wind power resources are less and less, offshore wind power is developed to deep sea with abundant wind power resources, the deep sea wind power generation tends to design a high-power fan with the power of 8-12 MW, and for this reason, a submarine cable with the rated voltage of 35kV cannot meet the requirement of transmission capacity and a submarine cable with a higher voltage level needs to be designed. The existing 66kV wind power plant transmits the offshore wind energy to the shore by using the submarine cable with the same voltage level, so that the construction cost of the offshore booster station is saved, and along with the rapid development of the offshore wind power industry, the submarine cable with the rated voltage of 66kV gradually starts to replace the market of the submarine cable with the 35kV under the requirement of larger transmission capacity. The existing 66kV submarine cable mostly adopts a dry type structure, has the advantages of heavy weight, large cable core outer diameter and poor bending performance, is limited by production and manufacturing level and transportation in production, and cannot meet the development of deep open sea, so that the development of the rated voltage 66kV submarine cable has to be a later development trend towards light weight and softness.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a submarine cable which is used for solving the defects of heavy weight and poor bending performance of the submarine cable in the prior art.

The present utility model provides a submarine cable comprising: the cable comprises a cable core structure, an optical unit and a filler, wherein the filler is filled in the cable core structure when the cable is stranded, the optical unit is arranged in part of the filler, and an outer cladding is further arranged after the cable core structure, the optical unit and the filler are cabled; the filling material is foamed polyethylene filling material, the outer wrapping layer comprises an armor layer, and the armor layer comprises steel wires and aramid fiber wires which are stranded together.

According to the submarine cable provided by the utility model, the filler comprises a plurality of filler strips, and the filler strips provided with the light units are omega-shaped.

According to the submarine cable provided by the utility model, the filler is coated with the first water-resistant layer.

According to the utility model, there is provided a submarine cable, the cable core structure comprising: the waterproof conductor is externally coated with a waterproof binding belt; the first shielding layer is coated outside the water-blocking binding belt and comprises a conductor shielding layer, a water tree-resistant insulating layer and a semiconductive insulating shielding layer which are coated in sequence.

According to the submarine cable provided by the utility model, the cable core structure further comprises: the second waterproof layer is coated outside the first shielding layer; the second shielding layer is coated outside the second water-resisting layer and consists of a metal wire and an aluminum-plastic composite belt.

According to the submarine cable provided by the utility model, the cable core structure further comprises: and the protective layer is coated outside the second shielding layer.

According to the utility model, there is provided a submarine cable, the outer cladding further comprising: and the band layer is coated outside the cable core structure, the optical unit and the filler after being cabled.

According to the utility model, there is provided a submarine cable, the outer cladding further comprising: the cushion layer is coated outside the belting layer, and the armor layer is coated outside the cushion layer.

According to the utility model, there is provided a submarine cable, the outer cladding further comprising: the anti-corrosion layer is coated outside the armor layer and is a water-based anti-corrosion asphalt layer.

According to the utility model, there is provided a submarine cable, the outer cladding further comprising: and the outer coating layer is coated outside the anti-corrosion layer.

According to the submarine cable, the filler is set to be the foamed polyethylene filler, so that the weight of the submarine cable is reduced, the lightweight development of the submarine cable is realized, the transportation capacity of the submarine cable is improved, and the laying cost is reduced; the armor layer is arranged to be the stranding layer of the steel wires and the aramid fiber wires, so that the flexibility and toughness of the submarine cable are improved, and the quality and service life of the submarine cable are improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a submarine cable provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the filler shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a second schematic structural view of the filler shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the armor shown in fig. 1;

reference numerals:

10: a cable core structure; 11: a water-blocking conductor; 12: a water-blocking binding belt; 13: a first shielding layer; 14: a second water blocking layer; 15: a second shielding layer; 16: a protective layer; 20: a filler; 21: a first water blocking layer; 30: a light unit; 40: an outer cladding; 41: a tape layer; 42: a backing layer; 43: an armor layer; 44: an anti-corrosion layer; 45: an outer coating layer; 131: a conductor shielding layer; 132: a water tree resistant insulating layer; 133: a semiconductive insulating shield layer; 431: a steel wire; 432: aramid fiber filaments.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

The features of the utility model "first", "second" and the like in the description and in the claims may be used for the explicit or implicit inclusion of one or more such features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

The submarine cable according to the utility model is described below in connection with fig. 1-4.

As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present utility model, a submarine cable includes: the cable core structure 10, the filler 20, the light unit 30 and the outer cladding 40. The cable core structure 10 is filled with the filler 20 when being stranded, a part of the filler 20 is internally provided with the optical unit 30, and an outer cladding 40 is further arranged after the cable core structure 10, the filler 20 and the optical unit 30 are stranded, wherein the filler 20 is a foamed polyethylene filler, the outer cladding 40 comprises an armor layer 43, and the armor layer 43 comprises steel wires 431 and aramid fiber wires 432 stranded together.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the filler 20 is a foamed polyethylene filler, which has good compression resistance and tensile resistance, and the foamed polyethylene filler is mainly made of crosslinked polyethylene as a base material, and is added with 20-30 parts of plasticizer, 50-60 parts of foaming agent and 10-15 parts of antioxidant to prepare granules, and extruded by an extruder to form the granules. The foamed polyethylene filler can reduce the weight of the submarine cable, reduce the working tension of the submarine cable, improve the transportation capacity of the submarine cable and reduce the laying cost.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the armor layer 43 is formed by twisting a plurality of n thin steel wires 431 and 2×n aramid fiber wires 432, where n may be 7, 8, 9, 10, …; the aramid fiber filaments 432 are arranged in the twisting gaps of the thin steel wires 431, the number of twisted wires is determined by the outer diameter of the submarine cable, the armor layer 43 has good flexibility and toughness by adopting the design of the stranded wires, accidents of the submarine cable in the cable arrangement production process, such as the occurrence of poor problems of lantern, bulge and the like, are reduced, and the quality and the service life of the submarine cable are improved.

Further, the preparation method of the armor layer 43 is as follows: the aramid fiber wires 432 are synchronously arranged in the twisting gaps of the fine steel wires 431 and enter a twisting die according to the 1+6 structure by adopting a wire bundling machine, and the pitch is 26-30 times.

According to the submarine cable provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the weight of the submarine cable is reduced by arranging the filler into the foamed polyethylene filler, the lightweight development of the submarine cable is realized, the transportation capacity of the submarine cable is improved, and the laying cost is reduced; the armor layer is arranged to be the stranding layer of the steel wires and the aramid fiber wires, so that the flexibility and toughness of the submarine cable are improved, and the quality and service life of the submarine cable are improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the filler 20 includes a plurality of filler strips, and the filler strips provided with the light unit 30 are in an "Ω" shape.

Specifically, the filler strip for the light emitting unit 30 in the filler 20 is designed to be in a hollow omega shape with a fan angle, so as to prevent the light unit 30 from being extruded in the cabling process and damage the light unit 30, the diameter of the filler strip in the omega shape is larger than that of the light unit 30, and the inlet of the light unit 30 is designed on the side surface of the filler strip, so that the light unit 30 in the cabling can conveniently enter the omega-shaped filler strip and can also be prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the light unit 30 falls out later, and optionally, in the embodiment of the utility model, the diameter of the inlet of the omega-shaped filler strip is 3/4 of the diameter of the light unit 30.

According to the submarine cable provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the production cost is reduced by arranging the filler as the foaming polyethylene filler; by designing the filling strip provided with the light unit to be omega-shaped, the protection of the light unit is enhanced, and the quality of the submarine cable is improved.

Further, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the filler 20 is coated with the first water blocking layer 21.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first water-blocking layer 21 is made of high-density polyethylene, and the foamed polyethylene and the high-density polyethylene are co-extruded, and the foamed polyethylene is used as a main material of the filling material, and a layer of high-density polyethylene is extruded outside the main material for water-blocking, so that the filling material 20 has compression resistance, tensile resistance and water-blocking property. Specifically, the filler 20 is prepared by the following steps: and extruding the foamed polyethylene and the high-density polyethylene simultaneously by adopting a double-head extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 160-220 ℃, extruding and molding by adopting a special die, extruding the foamed polyethylene, and then coating the foamed polyethylene with the high-density polyethylene to increase the water resistance.

As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the cable core structure 10 further includes: a water blocking conductor 11 and a first shielding layer 13. The outside of the water-blocking conductor 11 is coated with a water-blocking binding tape 12, and the first shielding layer 13 is coated outside the water-blocking binding tape 12, and the first shielding layer 13 includes a conductor shielding layer 131, a water tree-resistant insulating layer 132 and a semiconductive insulating shielding layer 133 which are coated in sequence.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the water-blocking conductor 11 is made of a copper-aluminum composite material with performance close to copper performance, in order to make the conductor have excellent water-blocking performance, a water-blocking glue is added into a monofilament gap of the conductor, a layer of semiconductor water-blocking tape is longitudinally wrapped on the surface, a layer of water-blocking yarn is wrapped outside the semiconductor water-blocking tape to bind, defects such as leakage wrapping and flanging of the water-blocking tape in the production process are prevented, a layer of semiconductor binding tape is wrapped outside the outermost conductor, and sharp corner discharge is prevented, so that the water-blocking performance of the conductor is further improved.

Further, the conductor monofilament is formed by cladding an aluminum rod and high-quality oxygen-free copper (the purity is more than 99.97%), wherein the volume ratio of the copper layer is 18% -21%, a copper-clad aluminum wire blank with the diameter of 8mm is formed by compounding, and the required monofilament specification is obtained by pulling out through a wire drawing machine.

The copper-aluminum composite monofilaments are stranded in a normal stranding mode through a frame stranding machine to form a water-blocking conductor 11, the phase difference between the copper-aluminum composite monofilaments in adjacent layers is 5-6, the mixed water-blocking glue is injected into a die by a glue injection machine before the monofilaments are stranded, the monofilaments are coated when passing through the die, after the monofilaments are coated, the monofilaments are stranded through a stranding die, are tightly pressed and formed, and then the water-blocking binding tape 12 is bound outside the monofilaments.

The first shielding layer 13 includes a conductor shielding layer 131, a water tree resistant insulating layer 132 and a semiconductive insulating shielding layer 133, which are sequentially coated, wherein the water tree resistant insulating layer 132 is an ultra-clean water tree resistant insulating material, which can control impurities, micropores and protrusions in an insulating core, so that the submarine cable has excellent water tree resistant performance.

Specifically, the ultra-clean water tree resistant insulating material is fed in a gravity feeding mode under the environment with the purification grade of hundred, the cleanliness of insulation is ensured, double-rotation traction is adopted in the production process, the rotation length is 18-23 m, the conductor is preheated at 65-75 ℃ before entering a machine head, extrusion molding is carried out through a machine head die, the conductor enters a vulcanizing tube for crosslinking under the protection of nitrogen, and the conductor core is cooled by nitrogen in a cooling tube after the crosslinking is finished; wherein the extrusion temperature range of the conductor shielding layer 131 and the semiconductive insulating shielding layer 133 is 85-125 ℃, the extrusion temperature range of the water tree-resistant insulating layer 132 is 100-140 ℃, the temperature of the machine head is 115-140 ℃, and the nitrogen pressure is 7-12 bar.

As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the cable core structure 10 further includes: a second water barrier layer 14 and a second shielding layer 15. The second waterproof layer 14 is coated outside the first shielding layer 13, the second shielding layer 15 is coated outside the second waterproof layer 14, and the second shielding layer 15 is composed of a metal wire and an aluminum plastic composite belt.

Specifically, the second water-resistant layer 14 adopts a wrapping structure and is arranged outside the first shielding layer 13, the second water-resistant layer 14 not only has excellent water-resistant performance, but also plays a role in a liner, protects the surface of the cross-linked cable core and prevents the copper-clad aluminum composite conductor shielding layer from damaging the surface of the cross-linked cable core, and optionally, the second water-resistant layer 14 can be formed by compounding non-woven fabrics, semiconductive materials and super-absorbent materials.

The second shielding layer 15 is coated outside the second waterproof layer 14, and the second shielding layer 15 is formed by combining copper-clad aluminum alloy wires and aluminum-plastic composite belts in a wrapping manner, so that the cable has excellent conductivity, can meet capacitance current and short-circuit current generated in the operation process of the cable, and also has excellent waterproof performance.

In the manufacturing process, a wrapping machine is adopted to wrap the semiconductive water-blocking tape on the first shielding layer 13, copper-clad aluminum composite monofilaments are wrapped on the water-blocking tape through a copper wire shielding machine, the average gap between the copper-clad aluminum composite monofilaments is not more than 2mm, a layer of aluminum-plastic composite tape is wrapped outside, the lap coverage rate is 25% -35%, and the aluminum surface is in contact with the copper-clad aluminum composite monofilaments.

As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the cable core structure 10 further includes a protective layer 16, and the protective layer 16 is coated outside the second shielding layer 15.

Specifically, the protective layer 16 is coated outside the second shielding layer 15, and the protective layer 16 is extruded from a high-performance non-hydrophilic polyethylene material, so that the waterproof performance is excellent. In the manufacturing process, an extruding machine is adopted to extrude a sheath layer outside the second shielding layer 15, the extruding temperature is 150-200 ℃, a slow cooling mode is adopted for cooling, the temperature of a first water saving tank is controlled at 70-80 ℃, precooling is carried out, internal stress is eliminated, the second section adopts water at 40-50 ℃, and the third section adopts water at 20-30 ℃ for cooling forming.

Further, the prepared cable core structure 10, the filler 20 and the optical units 30 are twisted together by adopting a cabling machine according to a well-separated phase sequence, wherein the number of the optical units 30 can be 1, 2 and 3, and the optical units 30 are arranged in an omega-shaped filler strip for protecting the optical units 30, and are wrapped with an environment-friendly wrapping belt after being twisted, the cabling pitch is 23-27 times, and the wrapping cover rate is 30-40%.

In an embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, the outer cover 40 further comprises a tape layer 41, the tape layer 41 being applied outside the cable core structure 10, the filler 20 and the light unit 30 after cabling.

Specifically, the wrapping tape layer 41 adopts an environment-friendly adhesive tape, and the wrapping tape layer 41 is wrapped outside the structure after being cabled, so that the structure is more stable, and meanwhile, the heat resistance and the corrosion resistance are good.

Further, the outer covering 40 further comprises a cushion layer 42, the cushion layer 42 is coated outside the tape layer 41, and the armor layer 43 is coated outside the cushion layer 42.

Specifically, the cushion layer 42 is wound with polypropylene rope, which can play a role of protecting the cable and preventing damage to the surface of the cable core during the armor process.

As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the outer cladding 40 further includes an anti-corrosion layer 44, the anti-corrosion layer 44 is coated outside the armor layer 43, and the anti-corrosion layer 44 is an aqueous anti-corrosion asphalt layer.

Specifically, the anticorrosive layer 44 is formed by combining water-based anticorrosive asphalt paint spraying and asphalt coating, and asphalt is filled in gaps of stranded steel wires and on the surface of the armor layer 43 to strengthen the anticorrosive ability of the armor layer 43; wherein the water-based anti-corrosion asphalt paint is prepared by mixing 200-400 parts of acrylic acid solution, 5-10 parts of dispersing agent, 2-6 parts of PH regulator, 3-5 parts of wetting agent, 5-10 parts of defoamer, 10-15 parts of curing agent, 100-200 parts of filler, 450-700 parts of emulsified asphalt, 10-15 parts of antirust agent, 10-15 parts of age inhibitor, 3-5 parts of rheological auxiliary agent and 3-5 parts of thickener.

In the manufacturing process, the acrylic emulsion is stirred for 15 to 20 minutes at the speed of 350 to 450r/min, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a PH regulator and a defoaming agent are sequentially added, the stirring speed is increased to 1200 to 1300r/min, the stirring is carried out for 35 to 45 minutes, and the slurry is obtained through filtering by a 150-mesh filter screen; stirring the emulsified asphalt and the slurry at the speed of 450-600 r/min, sequentially adding the filler, the defoamer, the antirust agent, the anti-aging agent, the curing agent, the softener and the thickener, stirring for 1 hour, and filtering through a 150-mesh filter screen after stirring to obtain the water-based anti-corrosion asphalt paint.

Further, the outer cladding 40 further comprises an outer coating 45, and the outer coating 45 is coated outside the anti-corrosive coating 44.

Specifically, the outer coating 45 is a polypropylene rope, and two layers of polypropylene ropes are wound around the outside of the anti-corrosive layer 44 to protect the cable.

Winding polypropylene rope liners on the surfaces of the cable cores after the cable cores are prepared, sheathing stranded monofilaments on the surfaces of the cable cores through a cage stranding machine, spraying anticorrosive paint on the surfaces of the armor through spraying equipment, coating a second anticorrosive layer through an asphalt device, scraping the second anticorrosive layer through a scraping die, and flattening the surfaces, wherein the surfaces are wound with two layers of polypropylene ropes to serve as outer coating layers 45, so that the lightweight and soft submarine cable is obtained.

The submarine cable solves the problem that the traditional wet-type structure insulation wire core is not allowed to be in direct contact with water, and the insulation wire core of the submarine cable allows water vapor to penetrate through the protective layer and the shielding layer to be in direct contact with the wire core; the process optimization and the improvement realize the capability of large-length continuous production, avoid the use of intermediate joints, improve the production efficiency and the product quality and ensure the consistency of products; meanwhile, the weight of the submarine cable is reduced, the loading capacity of the ship is improved, and the transport capacity of the transport ship with the same specification is improved by 50% -60%.

The submarine cable provided by the embodiment of the utility model is beneficial to the electric energy transmission of deep-open sea and high-power offshore fans, replaces the existing 35kV crosslinked polyethylene insulated submarine cable, improves the transmission capacity, achieves the purpose of directly transmitting electricity to the shore, and reduces the setting of a booster station; the lead sleeve is not used, is environment-friendly and accords with the future development trend; meanwhile, the cost can be reduced by about 25% -30%, and the development requirements of energy conservation and consumption reduction are met.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. A submarine cable, comprising: the cable comprises a cable core structure, an optical unit and a filler, wherein the filler is filled in the cable core structure when the cable is stranded, the optical unit is arranged in part of the filler, and an outer cladding is further arranged after the cable core structure, the optical unit and the filler are cabled;

the filling material is foamed polyethylene filling material, the filling material comprises a plurality of filling strips, the filling strips provided with the light units are omega-shaped, the outer cladding comprises an armor layer, and the armor layer comprises steel wires and aramid fiber wires which are stranded together.

2. Submarine cable according to claim 1, wherein the filler is surrounded by a first water barrier.

3. Submarine cable according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cable core structure comprises:

the waterproof conductor is externally coated with a waterproof binding belt;

the first shielding layer is coated outside the water-blocking binding belt and comprises a conductor shielding layer, a water tree-resistant insulating layer and a semiconductive insulating shielding layer which are coated in sequence.

4. A submarine cable according to claim 3, wherein the cable core structure further comprises:

the second waterproof layer is coated outside the first shielding layer;

the second shielding layer is coated outside the second water-resisting layer and consists of a metal wire and an aluminum-plastic composite belt.

5. The submarine cable according to claim 4, wherein said cable core structure further comprises:

and the protective layer is coated outside the second shielding layer.

6. The submarine cable according to claim 1, wherein said outer cladding further comprises:

and the band layer is coated outside the cable core structure, the optical unit and the filler after being cabled.

7. The submarine cable according to claim 6, wherein said outer cladding further comprises:

the cushion layer is coated outside the belting layer, and the armor layer is coated outside the cushion layer.

8. The submarine cable according to claim 7, wherein said outer cladding further comprises:

the anti-corrosion layer is coated outside the armor layer and is a water-based anti-corrosion asphalt layer.

9. The submarine cable according to claim 8, wherein said outer cladding further comprises:

and the outer coating layer is coated outside the anti-corrosion layer.