CN220498090U

CN220498090U - Laser cutting device

Info

Publication number: CN220498090U
Application number: CN202321860476.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张军安; 李灏楠; 刘公雨; 赵永杰; 张冠群; 王正阳; 胡付生; 刘丽; 张军恒
Original assignee: Ningbo Crystal Diamond Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Crystal Diamond Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-14
Filing date: 2023-07-14
Publication date: 2024-02-20
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a laser cutting device, which comprises: the preset light path component is used for constructing a laser light path and a shooting light path; a laser beam path for focusing a processing laser beam at a processing point of a processing material to perform laser processing, the laser beam path including a laser transmitter as a transmitting end and the processing material as a receiving end; a photographing optical path for photographing a state of the processing point and a peripheral portion thereof using a camera, including a light source as a transmitting end and a camera lens as a receiving end; the laser optical path is coaxial with the shooting optical path, and the laser optical path is coaxial with the shooting optical path, so that the real-time monitoring of the cutting process and the accurate control of the cutting process can be realized through a coaxial vision system, and the purposes of high-precision and high-efficiency laser cutting are realized.

Description

Laser cutting device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of laser processing equipment, in particular to a laser cutting device.

Background

The laser cutting device is generally composed of a laser focusing mirror and a reflecting mirror, wherein the laser focusing mirror and the reflecting mirror are installed inside a laser head, laser is reflected by the reflecting mirror to enter the laser cutting head, and emitted laser passes through the focusing mirror downwards through the reflecting mirror to be emitted. The laser focusing mirror is far away from the light outlet below the outer cover, so that the length of the focal length of laser from the light outlet is short, the limitation on processed products is large, and meanwhile, the CCD camera does not detect the cutting condition in real time, so that the detection effect is inconvenient. Therefore, chinese patent application No. 202111195205.6 (application publication No. CN113751859 a) discloses a laser processing device using a pseudo-coaxial vision system, in which a laser and a CCD are coupled and output by a reflection lens that reflects only the laser and passes through visible light, and after a camera photographs, image information is converted into coordinate information by a vision algorithm and sent to a laser scanning head, so as to realize visual positioning. Besides, chinese patent application No. 202020540393.6 (issued to bulletin No. CN 212239622U) also discloses a paraxial vision-assisted automatic finding laser marking machine, in which a CCD camera is mounted beside a laser scanning head, and the offset between the laser center and the camera center can be calculated by vision software, so as to achieve the purpose of visual positioning. However, in the above scheme, the light emitting optical path of the laser galvanometer and the image acquisition optical path of the camera are not coaxial, so that the processing precision can be reduced to a certain extent due to the existence of the line-of-sight error, and the accurate control of the cutting process can be affected due to the fact that the field of view is large and the compensation and calculation by means of the algorithm of the computer are needed.

There is a need for further improvements over the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a laser cutting device capable of improving the accuracy and efficiency of laser processing.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the laser cutting device comprises:

the preset light path component is used for constructing a laser light path and a shooting light path;

a laser beam path for focusing a processing laser beam at a processing point of a processing material to perform laser processing, the laser beam path including a laser transmitter as a transmitting end and the processing material as a receiving end;

a photographing optical path for photographing a state of the processing point and a peripheral portion thereof using a camera, including a light source as a transmitting end and a camera lens as a receiving end;

the device is characterized in that the laser light path and the shooting light path are coaxially arranged.

Further improved, the preset optical path component comprises a laser beam expander, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror which totally reflects visible light and enhances reflection of laser and a focusing mirror, and a laser optical path of the preset optical path component is as follows: the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter is transmitted through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror after being expanded by the laser beam expander, and is focused to a material to be processed by the focusing mirror; the shooting light path of the preset light path component structure is as follows: the visible light beam emitted by the light source is reflected by the material to be processed, passes through the focusing mirror, is reflected by the semi-transparent semi-reflective mirror, is received by the camera lens and is transmitted to the CCD camera.

In order to reduce the volume of the laser cutting device, the camera lens and the laser transmitter are required to be arranged in parallel, further improvement is that the preset optical path component further comprises a reflecting mirror arranged between the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror and the camera lens, and a shooting optical path of the preset optical path component is constructed as follows: the visible light beam emitted by the light source is reflected by the material to be processed, passes through the focusing mirror, is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, is reflected again by the reflecting mirror, is received by the camera lens and is transmitted to the CCD camera.

In order to form a complete product and integrate the predetermined light path assembly, further improvements include a housing assembly comprising:

a first region for inserting the laser transmitter;

a second area for inserting the camera lens, the second area being arranged side by side on one side of the first area;

the third area is used as a laser light outlet of the laser transmitter, is positioned on the same axis as the first area and is opposite to the first area;

and the connecting area is used for at least partially setting the preset optical path assembly as a connecting area among the first area, the second area and the third area, forming the laser optical path in the first area and the third area, and forming the shooting optical path in the second area and the third area.

In order to facilitate the arrangement of the half mirror and the connection of other preset light path components, further improvement is that the connecting area is provided with a hollow part which can be penetrated by a light path corresponding to the first area and the third area, a slide for bearing the half mirror is further arranged in the hollow part, the slide comprises a slide body and a concave part which is positioned in the central part of the slide body and is partially concave for the half mirror to rest, and a perforation for the light path to pass is arranged in the concave part.

Preferably, the slide forms an angle alpha with the laser light path, and alpha is 40 DEG-48 deg.

In order to make the focal length of the laser beam exposed longer and to have less limitation on the workpiece, it is further improved that the focusing mirror is installed in the third region.

In order to prevent lens contamination, the preset light path assembly further comprises a protective mirror arranged in the third area and below the focusing mirror.

In order to provide more visible light for the CCD camera, the light source is an annular light source and is fixedly arranged outside the third area.

In order to prevent the CCD camera from being damaged by the laser, the CCD camera receiving port is further improved by a filter.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that: the laser light path and the shooting light path are coaxially arranged, the real-time monitoring can be carried out on the cutting process, a processing image of a processing material can be generated through the shooting light path, when a laser beam is not focused to a position to be processed, the laser beam can be rapidly focused to the position to be processed according to the processing image, so that the purpose of laser cutting the processing material with high precision and high efficiency is achieved, in addition, the structure can enable the laser emission precision to be adjusted and obtained more easily, and the assembly adjustment difficulty can be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser path according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a photographing optical path according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the half mirror and the connecting piece of FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the slide of fig. 5.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.

A preferred embodiment of the present utility model is shown in fig. 1-6. The laser processing device of the embodiment comprises a laser light path, a shooting light path and a preset light path component for constructing the laser light path and the shooting light path, wherein the laser light path is used for focusing processing laser on a processing point of a processing material to perform laser processing, the laser light path comprises a laser transmitter 3 serving as a transmitting end and the processing material serving as a receiving end, the shooting light path is used for shooting the state of the processing point and the periphery of the processing point by using a camera, the light source 9 serving as the transmitting end and the camera lens 2 serving as the receiving end are included, and the focus is that the laser light path and the shooting light path are coaxially arranged, so that the cutting process can be monitored in real time, a processing image of the processing material can be generated through the shooting light path, and when the laser beam is not focused to a processing position, the laser beam can be rapidly focused to the processing position according to the processing image to perform laser processing on the processing material.

Specifically, the preset optical path component includes a laser beam expander 4, a reflector 5, a half mirror 6 that totally reflects visible light and reflects laser light, and a focusing mirror 7. The laser beam expander 4 can expand the diameter of the laser beam and reduce the lens component of the divergence angle of the laser beam; the reflecting mirror 5 is a lens for totally reflecting the visible light of the CCD camera 1; the half-mirror 6 is a lens for totally reflecting the visible light of the CCD camera 1 and enhancing the reflection of laser, is used for coupling the visible light and the laser, and is a key part of coaxial vision; the focusing lens 7 can collect the laser beam focusing energy, and the combination of the focusing lens 7 and the laser beam expander 4 can lead the diameter of the beam waist of the laser beam to be small, thereby achieving larger power density. The laser path is shown in fig. 2, the laser transmitter 3 emits laser beams, the diameter of the laser beams is enlarged through the laser beam expander 4, the divergence angle is reduced, the laser beams are focused through the half mirror 6 and then through the focusing mirror 7, and the laser beams reach the material to be processed. The shooting light path is shown in fig. 3, the light source 9 emits visible light of the CCD camera 1, the visible light is reflected by the material to be processed, focused by the focusing mirror 7, totally reflected by the semi-transparent mirror 6, totally reflected by the reflecting mirror 5, and received by the CCD camera 1 by the camera lens 2. The laser generator and the light outlet are positioned on the same radial straight axis due to the effect of the reflecting mirror 5, so that the laser generator is easier to match with the structural layout of a machine tool, and interference between structures is avoided.

The embodiment is based on integration of the shell components, realizes integrated installation of all parts, and forms a complete product which is rapid to install and small in whole. The laser processing apparatus further includes a housing assembly, as shown in fig. 4, which includes a first region 11 for inserting the laser transmitter 3, a second region 12 for inserting the camera lens 2, and the second region 12 is disposed side by side on one side of the first region 11, and a third region 13 as a laser light outlet of the laser transmitter 3, the third region 13 being coaxial with and disposed opposite to the first region 11, and further includes a connection region in which a preset optical path assembly is at least partially disposed, the connection region being a connection region between the first region 11, the second region 12, and the third region 13, and forming a laser optical path in the first region 11 and the third region 13, and a photographing optical path in the second region 12 and the third region 13. In order to facilitate the installation of the half mirror, as shown in fig. 5, the connection area of the present embodiment is divided into two opposite upper connection areas 14a and lower connection areas 14b, wherein the connection area is provided with a hollow portion 15 for the light path to penetrate corresponding to the first area 11 and the third area 13, and a carrier sheet 16 for carrying the half mirror 6 is further provided in the hollow portion 15, the carrier sheet 16 includes a carrier sheet body 161 and a recess portion 162 located in the central part of the carrier sheet body 161 and partially recessed for the half mirror 6 to rest, and a through hole 163 for the light path to penetrate is provided in the recess portion 162. In this embodiment, the included angle between the slide 16 and the laser light path is 45 °, and the laser light path in the first region 11 and the photographing light path in the second region 12 are perpendicular under the action of the half mirror 6.

In addition, the focusing lens 7 is installed in the third area 13, so that the focusing lens 7 is closer to the light outlet, the focal length of the laser exposed out of the outer cover is longer, and the limitation on products can be reduced. The preset light path assembly further comprises a protective mirror 8, which is arranged in the third area 13 and below the focusing mirror 7, for preventing lens contamination.

In this embodiment, the light source 9 is a high-density LED array and a high-brightness ring light source, and is fixedly disposed outside the third region 13 to provide visible light for the CCD camera 1. Finally, the receiving port of the CCD camera 1 is provided with a filter lens 10 which can prevent the CCD camera 1 from being damaged by the laser.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device, comprising:

a laser beam path for performing laser processing by condensing processing laser light at a processing point of a processing material, the laser beam path including a laser emitter (3) as an emitting end and the processing material as a receiving end;

a photographing optical path for photographing a state of the processing point and a peripheral portion thereof using a camera, the photographing optical path including a light source (9) as a transmitting end and a camera lens (2) as a receiving end;

2. The laser cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the preset optical path component comprises a laser beam expander (4), a half mirror (6) for totally reflecting visible light and enhancing reflection of laser light, and a focusing mirror (7), and the laser optical path of the preset optical path component is: the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter (3) is transmitted through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (6) after being expanded by the laser beam expander (4), and is focused to a material to be processed by the focusing mirror (7); the shooting light path of the preset light path component structure is as follows: the visible light beam emitted by the light source (9) is reflected by the material to be processed, passes through the focusing mirror (7), is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (6), is received by the camera lens (2) and is transmitted to the CCD camera (1).

3. The laser cutting device according to claim 2, wherein the preset optical path assembly further comprises a reflecting mirror (5) installed between the half mirror (6) and the camera lens (2), and the shooting optical path of the preset optical path assembly is configured to: after being reflected by a material to be processed, the visible light beam emitted by the light source (9) passes through the focusing mirror (7) and is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror (6), and is reflected again by the reflecting mirror (5), is received by the camera lens (2) and is transmitted to the CCD camera (1).

4. The laser cutting device of claim 3, further comprising a housing assembly, the housing assembly comprising:

-a first region (11) for inserting the laser transmitter (3);

a second region (12) for inserting the camera lens (2), the second region (12) being arranged side by side on one side of the first region (11);

a third region (13) which is a laser light outlet of the laser emitter (3), is coaxial with the first region (11), and is disposed opposite to the first region;

and a connection region (14 a;14 b) in which the preset optical path component is at least partially disposed, is a connection region between the first region (11), the second region (12) and the third region (13), and forms the laser optical path in the first region (11) and the third region (13), and the photographing optical path is formed in the second region (12) and the third region (13).

5. The laser cutting device of claim 4, wherein: the connecting area (14 a;14 b) is provided with a hollow part (15) which can be penetrated by an optical path and corresponds to the first area (11) and the third area (13), a carrier sheet (16) used for bearing the half mirror (6) is further arranged in the hollow part (15), the carrier sheet (16) comprises a carrier sheet body (161) and a concave part (162) which is positioned in the center of the carrier sheet body (161) and is partially concave for the half mirror (6) to rest, and a perforation (163) for the optical path to pass through is arranged in the concave part (162).

6. The laser cutting device of claim 5, wherein: the included angle between the slide (16) and the laser light path is alpha, and alpha is more than or equal to 40 degrees and less than or equal to 48 degrees.

7. The laser cutting device according to claim 6, characterized in that the focusing mirror (7) is mounted in the third region (13).

8. The laser cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that the preset light path assembly further comprises a protective mirror (8) arranged in a third area (13) below the focusing mirror (7).

9. The laser cutting device according to claim 8, characterized in that the light source (9) is a ring-shaped light source fixedly arranged outside the third area (13).

10. The laser cutting device according to claim 9, characterized in that the receiving opening of the CCD camera (1) is provided with a filter (10).