CN220490625U - Multi-phase fluid migration simulation device in tight rock under multi-field coupling - Google Patents
Multi-phase fluid migration simulation device in tight rock under multi-field coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN220490625U CN220490625U CN202321889566.5U CN202321889566U CN220490625U CN 220490625 U CN220490625 U CN 220490625U CN 202321889566 U CN202321889566 U CN 202321889566U CN 220490625 U CN220490625 U CN 220490625U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multiphase fluid migration simulation device in compact rock under multi-field coupling, which comprises a core holder, wherein the core holder comprises a lower base and an upper base, a shell is arranged between the lower base and the upper base, a fluororubber tube is arranged in the shell, two iron porous cores, two stress pieces and a detection core are arranged in the fluororubber tube, a gas-liquid main pipeline is arranged on the lower base and is connected with a fluid injection system and a vacuumizing system, a shaft pressure loading system and a back pressure pipeline are arranged on the upper base, a confining pressure pipeline is arranged on the periphery of the middle part of the shell, a pressure loading system is arranged between the confining pressure pipeline and the back pressure pipeline, the pressure loading system is also connected with a fluid monitoring system, a first pressure sensor is also arranged on the gas-liquid main pipeline, a second pressure sensor is arranged on the back pressure pipeline, and a heating blanket is arranged on the outer surface of the shell. The utility model can efficiently and accurately simulate the migration process of the multiphase fluid in the tight rock under the real stratum condition.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of oil-gas geology and fluid seepage, in particular to a multiphase fluid migration simulation device in tight rock under multi-field coupling.
Background
The unconventional oil and gas reservoirs (shale gas, compact sandstone gas and the like) endowed in compact rocks are rich in reserves and large in the amount of recoverable resources, and are widely paid attention to all countries of the world. The compact rock has a multi-stage pore structure, the pore morphology is complex, the seepage channel is mainly a nano-scale pore-throat communication system, and the channel connectivity is poor. Compact reservoirs exhibit low porosity, low permeability, and low daily production characteristics compared to conventional reservoirs. In oil and gas exploitation, a large amount of fracturing fluid is injected into the stratum, however, the flowback rate of the fracturing fluid is often lower than 40%, water in the fracturing fluid which is not flowback is absorbed into the rock, the saturation of the water phase is increased, and a water lock effect is formed. The wetting phase (water) and the non-wetting phase (oil and gas) in the multi-scale pore of the rock coexist in a multiphase manner, and meanwhile, the gas in the deep underground often exists in a mixed manner, but the current knowledge of the seepage mechanism of the multiphase fluid in a dense rock medium is not clear, so that great difficulty is brought to the knowledge of the flowback rule of the fracturing fluid and the guidance of efficient oil and gas exploitation.
The medium channels of compact rock (shale, compact sandstone and the like) are fine, and the water bound in the micro-nano gaps has the property similar to that of solid, can be used as a potential flow barrier for preventing gas from escaping outwards, and is used for carrying out CO 2 Ideal place for geological storage. Research has shown that supercritical CO 2 Replace water resources to carry out fracturing, and can simultaneously realize the improvement of oil and gas recovery ratio and the implementation of CO 2 Dual benefit of geological sequestration. However, the presence of the multi-element gas also recognizes the gas-water percolation mechanism within the dense poresThe recognition brings great complexity. Injected CO 2 Drainage and flooding of stratum water in rock gaps, reduction of reservoir water phase saturation and CO (carbon monoxide) 2 The gas mixture may leak from weak layers where cracks exist in the rock mass. It is currently difficult to reduce CO emissions through extensive geological sequestration 2 One of the key constraints is the problem of security in the seal. The safety problem of sequestration can be ascribed to the recognition of complex percolation mechanisms of multiphase fluids in reservoirs from a scientific point of view.
In view of hydrocarbon reservoir production and CO 2 The sealing engineering is generally buried deeply, so that the seepage characteristic parameters of the whole stratum are difficult to directly obtain, and the physical simulation of the indoor core scale seepage is a main means for researching the fluid migration characteristics in the reservoir rock. The migration process of subsurface fluids in rock pore media involves multi-field coupling of temperature fields, stress fields, seepage fields, and chemical fields. The multiphase fluid migration process under multi-field coupling becomes more complex with the co-participation of the multi-component gas components, formation water and minerals. At present, experimental simulation for multiphase fluid migration process in tight rock under multi-field coupling is not perfect.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide the multiphase fluid migration simulation device in the tight rock under the multi-field coupling, which can efficiently and accurately simulate the migration process of multiphase fluid in the tight rock under the real stratum condition, and can determine the relevant parameters affecting the migration process, so as to accurately recognize the migration rule of the multiphase fluid in the tight rock under the multi-field coupling.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a multiphase fluid migration simulation device in tight rock under multi-field coupling, which comprises a core holder, wherein the core holder comprises a lower base and an upper base, a shell is arranged between the lower base and the upper base, a fluororubber tube is arranged in the shell, a first iron porous core, a first stress sheet, a detection core, a second stress sheet and a second iron porous core are sequentially arranged in the fluororubber tube from top to bottom, a gas-liquid main pipeline is arranged on the lower base, the gas-liquid main pipeline is connected with a fluid injection system and a vacuum pump, a shaft pressure loading system and a back pressure pipeline are arranged on the upper base, a confining pressure pipeline is arranged on the periphery of the middle part of the shell, a pressure loading system is arranged between the confining pressure pipeline and the back pressure pipeline, the pressure loading system is also connected with a fluid monitoring system, a first pressure sensor is further arranged on the back pressure pipeline, a heating blanket is arranged on the outer surface of the shell, and the first stress sheet and the second stress sheet are connected with a displacement sensor.
Further, the fluid injection system includes a liquid injection unit and a gas injection unit.
Further, the liquid injection unit comprises a liquid source, a constant-speed constant-pressure flow pump and a liquid container which are sequentially connected, and the liquid container is connected with the gas-liquid main pipeline.
Further, the gas injection unit comprises a gas cylinder, a gas pressurizing assembly and a gas container which are sequentially connected, the gas container is connected with a gas-liquid main pipeline, and a first emptying valve is further arranged between the gas container and the gas-liquid main pipeline.
Further, the axial pressure loading system comprises a stress loading pump, an axial power cylinder and a piston rod which are sequentially connected.
Further, the pressure loading system comprises an injection pump, a confining pressure liquid container and a back pressure valve, one end of the back pressure valve is connected with a back pressure pipeline, the other end of the back pressure valve is connected with the back pressure pipeline through a tee joint, and the tee joint is further connected with the injection pump and the confining pressure liquid container.
Further, the fluid monitoring system comprises a gas-liquid separator, a gas flowmeter, an aluminum foil gas collecting bag and a gas chromatograph which are sequentially connected, wherein the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a liquid collector, an electronic balance is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collector, and the liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a back pressure valve.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
based on hydrogeology, hydrodynamics and adsorption dynamics principle, the device considers the multi-field coupling process of temperature field, stress field, seepage field and chemical field under actual stratum conditions, can simulate multiphase fluid migration processes in tight rocks with different saturation degrees, carries out online monitoring on the whole migration process of fluid in a pore network, and can calculate parameters such as gas phase, liquid phase permeability, residual water saturation and the like.
The device has a perfect detection system, through the arrangement of the first stress sheet, the second stress sheet and the displacement sensor, the deformation of the core under the axial stress can be monitored and detected, the pressure at two ends of the core can be monitored and detected through the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, the temperature field change in the core holder can be simulated through the heating blanket, the gas and liquid amount and the gas component concentration can be detected through the fluid monitoring system, so that the integrity of simulation is realized, the related parameters affecting the migration process can be measured, and the migration rule of multiphase fluid in compact rock under multi-field coupling can be accurately known.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the core holder of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the fluid injection system of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fluid monitoring system of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the utility model and practice it.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of a multiphase fluid migration simulation device in a multi-field coupling lower tight rock of the present utility model includes a core holder 1, the core holder includes a lower base 2 and an upper base 3, a casing 4 is disposed between the lower base and the upper base, a fluororubber tube 5 is disposed in the casing, a first iron porous core 6, a first stress sheet 7, a detection core 8, a second stress sheet 9 and a second iron porous core 10 are sequentially disposed in the fluororubber tube from top to bottom, a gas-liquid main pipe 11 is disposed on the lower base, the gas-liquid main pipe is connected with a fluid injection system 12 and a vacuum pump 13, an axial pressure loading system 14 and a back pressure pipe 15 are disposed on the upper base, a confining pressure pipe 111 is disposed on the periphery of the middle of the casing, a pressure loading system 16 is disposed between the confining pressure pipe and the back pressure pipe, the pressure loading system is further connected with a fluid monitoring system 17, a first pressure sensor 18 is disposed on the gas-liquid main pipe, a second pressure sensor 19 is disposed on the back pressure pipe, and a heating blanket is disposed on the outer surface of the casing for simulating temperature field change in the core holder, and the first stress sheet and the second stress sheet are connected with a displacement sensor 20.
The pressure at two ends of the rock core can be monitored and detected through the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, a Keller high-precision pressure sensor can be selected, the precision can reach +/-0.1 kPa, and the highest working pressure is 20MPa. The axial pressure loading system comprises a stress loading pump 29, an axial power cylinder 30 and a piston rod 31 which are sequentially connected, the stress loading pump is matched with the axial power cylinder, set axial stress is applied and acts on a detection rock core through the piston rod, deformation of the rock core under the axial stress is monitored through a first stress piece, a second stress piece and a displacement sensor which is adhered to two ends of the detection rock core, the first stress piece and the second stress piece are connected, the fluid monitoring system comprises a gas-liquid separator 35, a gas flowmeter 36, an aluminum foil gas collecting bag 37 and a gas chromatograph 38 which are sequentially connected, a liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a liquid collector 39, an electronic balance 40 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collector, and a liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a back pressure valve. Fluid flowing out of the back pressure pipeline at the core position is detected to flow through the gas-liquid separation device, the fluid enters the liquid collector and is weighed through the electronic balance, the separated gas is measured to flow through the gas flow meter, then enters the aluminum foil gas collecting bag, and the collected gas is extracted through the sample injection needle and injected into the gas chromatograph to analyze the gas component concentration, wherein a CS200D high-precision flow meter can be selected, the precision can reach +/-0.35% F.S., and the gas chromatograph is selected to use an Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph system.
The fluid injection system described above includes a liquid injection unit 21 and a gas injection unit 22. The liquid injection unit comprises a liquid source 23, a constant-speed constant-pressure flow pump 24 and a liquid container 25 which are sequentially connected, wherein the liquid source can be water, oil or other organic liquid, and the liquid source sends the liquid into the liquid container through the constant-speed constant-pressure flow pump and injects the liquid into the core holder through a main gas-liquid pipeline. The gas injection unit comprises a gas cylinder 26, a gas pressurizing assembly 27 and a gas container 28 which are sequentially connected, the gas container is connected with a gas-liquid main pipeline, a first emptying valve is further arranged between the gas container and the gas-liquid main pipeline and is used for emptying gas, the gas in the gas cylinder is stored in the gas container after being pressurized by the gas pressurizing system, and is injected into the core holder after being regulated to a set pressure by the pressure regulating valve.
The pressure loading system comprises a syringe pump 32, a confining pressure liquid container 33 and a back pressure valve 34, one end of the back pressure valve is connected with a back pressure pipeline, the other end of the back pressure valve is connected with the back pressure pipeline through a tee joint, the tee joint is also connected with the syringe pump and the confining pressure liquid container, and the back pressure liquid is injected into the back pressure valve through the syringe pump so as to meet and reach a set pressure threshold value, and the maximum working pressure is 40MPa.
According to the simulation device, the application also provides an experimental method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Core pretreatment is detected: the compact rock is processed into a cylindrical detection core with the diameter of 5cm and the length of 4-5 cm. And (3) placing the detection core in a blast drying oven for drying, wherein the temperature is set to be 85 ℃, and the temperature can ensure that the pore structure of the detection core is not damaged by high temperature. And measuring the mass of the detection core every 12 hours until the mass change of the detection core is not more than 0.001g after three continuous measurements, and recording the dry weight of the detection core to obtain the dry core.
(2) And (3) vacuumizing: the dry core is placed in a core holder and a displacement sensor is placed at the outer end of the dry core. And then opening a vacuum control system to pump out air in the dry core, the pipeline and the core holder by using a vacuum pump so as to remove the influence of the air on experimental results, and operating the vacuum pumping system for 1 hour.
(3) Core pre-saturated water: the temperature of the device is controlled to be 40 ℃ through a heating blanket, so that the temperature of the liquid in the core and the liquid container is ensured to be stable at a set temperature. And injecting liquid into the periphery of the fluororubber tube through an injection pump, applying isotropic certain pressure around the rock core for simulating confining pressure under actual stratum conditions, then opening a liquid injection unit to inject deionized water into the rock core holder, keeping the pressure in the rock core holder at 15MPa, and closing valves at the inlet end and the outlet end of the rock core holder. And monitoring the pressure at the two ends of the core through the pressure sensors at the two ends of the holder until the pressure is not changed any more, and keeping for 48 hours. At this point the core was fully saturated, the core was taken out, weighed, and the mass of the saturated core was recorded. The cores were then air dried in a vacuum environment at 40 ℃ and weighed, and the mass of the dry cores at this time was recorded, thereby obtaining saturated water cores of different water saturation.
(4) Core saturation CH 4 Gas: and (3) placing the saturated rock core back into the rock core holder, and installing a displacement sensor on the outer side of the rock core. The temperature of the device is controlled to be 40 ℃ by a heating blanket, so that the temperature in the core, the liquid and gas containers is ensured to be stable at the set temperature. Injecting liquid around the rubber tube through the injection pump, applying confining pressure around the core (keeping consistent with the confining pressure value in the step (3)), injecting liquid to the outlet end of the holder through the injection pump through the back pressure loading unit, setting the back pressure to be 8MPa, applying axial stress to the core through the axial pressure loading unit through the single-shaft press, loading to a preset value according to experimental setting, keeping the axial pressure constant, and monitoring the deformation of the core under the axial stress through the displacement sensor. The gas injection unit is then turned on to bring the CH at a constant pressure 4 Gas is injected into the core holder, and a valve on a back pressure pipeline of the core holder is closed. And monitoring the pressure change at the two ends of the core holder, and continuously maintaining for 7d when the pressure in the core back pressure pipeline reaches the injection pressure and is not changed.
(5) Multiphase fluid migration in core: turning on the gas injection unit to inject CO 2 The gas is injected into the holder at constant pressure (higher than 8 MPa) to displace water and CH in the core 4 And (3) gas. Simultaneously recording the pressure and flow changes of the confining pressure pipeline and the back pressure pipeline, weighing the effluent liquid in a liquid collecting device through a gas-liquid separator, measuring the flow of separated gas through a gas flow meter, analyzing the concentration of the gas components through a gas chromatograph, and directly measuring the concentration of the gas componentsThe pressure, the flowing liquid mass, the gas component concentration and the gas flow rate at the two ends of the core holder are not changed. Subsequently, the valve on the confining pressure pipeline of the core holder is closed, and CO injection is stopped 2 And continuously monitoring the pressure at the two ends of the clamp holder, the mass of the outflow liquid, the concentration of the gas component and the gas flow until no fluid flows out from the outlet.
(6) Determining residual water saturation of the core: closing the valve at the outlet end of the core holder, unloading the back pressure until the pressure slowly drops to 0, and exhausting the internal gas. And unloading the back pressure pipeline and the pressure loading system, taking out the core from the core holder, weighing, recording the mass of the core, and calculating through a formula to obtain the residual water saturation in the core after the test is finished.
Based on hydrogeology, hydrodynamics, adsorption dynamics and other principles, the multi-field coupling process of a temperature field, a stress field, a seepage field and a chemical field under actual stratum conditions is considered, the multi-phase fluid migration process in dense rocks with different saturation degrees can be simulated, the whole migration process of the fluid in a pore network is monitored in an online manner, parameters such as gas phase permeability, liquid phase permeability, residual water saturation and the like are calculated, meanwhile, the corresponding device is reasonable in design, compact in structure and convenient to operate, the whole computer is used for recording and controlling, the whole equipment is convenient to transport, install and connect, the transportation destination can be connected with an auxiliary pipeline to operate, and civil engineering and the like are avoided.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present utility model, and the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present utility model, and are intended to be within the scope of the present utility model. The protection scope of the utility model is subject to the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a multiphase fluid migration analogue means in dense rock under many field couplings, its characterized in that, includes the rock core holder, the rock core holder includes lower base and last base, be provided with the casing between lower base and the last base, be provided with the fluororubber tube in the casing, first iron porous rock core, first stress piece, detection rock core, second stress piece and the porous rock core of second have been set gradually from last to down in the fluororubber tube, be provided with the gas-liquid trunk line on the lower base, the gas-liquid trunk line is connected with fluid injection system and vacuum pump, be provided with axial pressure loading system and back pressure pipeline on the last base, be provided with the second pressure sensor on the periphery at casing middle part, be provided with pressure loading system between second pressure sensor and the back pressure pipeline on the back pressure pipeline, pressure loading system still is connected with fluid monitoring system, still be provided with first pressure sensor on the gas-liquid trunk line, be provided with second pressure sensor on the back pressure pipeline, the casing surface is provided with heating, second stress piece and second stress piece are connected with displacement sensor.
2. The multi-field coupled multiphase fluid migration simulation apparatus in tight rock of claim 1, wherein the fluid injection system comprises a liquid injection unit and a gas injection unit.
3. The multi-field coupled multiphase fluid migration simulating apparatus of claim 2, wherein the liquid injection unit comprises a liquid source, a constant-speed constant-pressure flow pump, and a liquid container connected in sequence, the liquid container being connected to a main gas-liquid pipeline.
4. The multi-field coupling multi-phase fluid migration simulating device in tight rock according to claim 2, wherein the gas injection unit comprises a gas cylinder, a gas pressurizing assembly and a gas container which are sequentially connected, the gas container is connected with a gas-liquid main pipeline, and a first emptying valve is further arranged between the gas container and the gas-liquid main pipeline.
5. The multi-field coupled multiphase fluid migration simulation apparatus in tight rock according to claim 1, wherein the axial pressure loading system comprises a stress loading pump, an axial power cylinder and a piston rod connected in sequence.
6. The multi-field coupling multiphase fluid migration simulation device in tight rock according to claim 1, wherein the pressure loading system comprises an injection pump, a confining pressure liquid container and a back pressure valve, one end of the back pressure valve is connected with a back pressure pipeline, the other end of the back pressure valve is connected with the back pressure pipeline through a tee joint, and the tee joint is further connected with the injection pump and the confining pressure liquid container.
7. The multi-field coupling multi-phase fluid migration simulation device in tight rock according to claim 6, wherein the fluid monitoring system comprises a gas-liquid separator, a gas flowmeter, an aluminum foil gas collecting bag and a gas chromatograph which are sequentially connected, a liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a liquid collector, an electronic balance is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collector, and a liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a back pressure valve.
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| CN202321889566.5U CN220490625U (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | Multi-phase fluid migration simulation device in tight rock under multi-field coupling |
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| CN202321889566.5U CN220490625U (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | Multi-phase fluid migration simulation device in tight rock under multi-field coupling |
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