CN220434826U - Tunnel waterproof and drainage structure - Google Patents
Tunnel waterproof and drainage structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN220434826U CN220434826U CN202322190813.9U CN202322190813U CN220434826U CN 220434826 U CN220434826 U CN 220434826U CN 202322190813 U CN202322190813 U CN 202322190813U CN 220434826 U CN220434826 U CN 220434826U
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- Prior art keywords
- drainage
- tunnel
- drain pipe
- pipe
- longitudinal
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a tunnel waterproof and drainage structure which comprises a permeable layer, an initial support, a waterproof and drainage layer, a secondary lining, a longitudinal drain pipe, a transverse drain pipe and tunnel surrounding rocks, wherein the permeable layer is arranged between the initial support and the tunnel surrounding rocks, the waterproof and drainage layer is arranged between the initial support and the secondary lining, the longitudinal drain pipe is connected with the waterproof and drainage layer, the longitudinal drain pipe is communicated with the transverse drain pipe, the permeable layer is adopted to replace the traditional combination of a circular semicircle pipe and a longitudinal blind pipe, the drainage path behind the initial support is increased, the procedure of installing the circular semicircle pipe is reduced, the installation is easy, the drainage effect is good, the speed of the surrounding rocks flowing into the longitudinal drain pipe can be greatly increased by adding the drainage layer, the seepage of the initial support is reduced, the water pressure of a waterproof board is lightened, and the risk of lining seepage is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel water prevention and drainage, and particularly relates to a tunnel water prevention and drainage structure.
Background
In the tunnel excavation process, construction disturbance destroys seepage stability conditions of underground water in the original surrounding rock body, so that the tunnel body becomes an underground corridor in which the underground water is excreted outwards in different forms (seepage, trickle flow, stream flow, large-scale water burst and the like), and a water burst disaster is formed. The structure of the tunnel waterproof and drainage system in the tunnel prior art is as follows: the tunnel arch wall is provided with a drainage layer consisting of geotextile and a solid plate-shaped drainage plate, the tunnel arch wall is provided with a lining back drainage system consisting of a circumferential blind pipe and a longitudinal blind pipe arranged at the basement, and the longitudinal blind pipe is led into a drainage side ditch or a central ditch in a tunnel.
When water seepage occurs on the rock surface and the water quantity and pressure are relatively small, the water is generally blocked by adopting sprayed concrete in combination with the primary support, and then a semicircular pipe is paved at the crack, so that the water enters the longitudinal drain pipe along the semicircular pipe. However, the positions of the rock surface cracks after blasting, where water seepage possibly occurs, are more and wider in area, the cracks can not be completely covered by only one semicircular pipe at the moment, and the drainage requirement is met, so that the water seepage of the cracks behind the primary support can not be discharged as much as possible, and if a large amount of water seeps out of the primary support, the risk of water seepage and water leakage can be brought to the tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a tunnel water-proof and drainage structure so as to solve the technical problem that the crack water seepage behind an initial support cannot be discharged as much as possible in a tunnel water-proof and drainage system in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a drainage structure is prevented to tunnel, including permeable bed, primary support, prevent drainage layer, secondary lining, vertical drain pipe, horizontal drain pipe and tunnel country rock, the permeable bed sets up between primary support and tunnel country rock, secondary lining sets up in the primary support inboard, prevent drainage layer setting between primary support and secondary lining, vertical drain pipe sets up in the both sides of tunnel, vertical drain pipe is located between permeable bed and the primary support, be provided with a plurality of horizontal drain pipes along tunnel longitudinal interval, vertical drain pipe passes through the tee bend with horizontal drain pipe and is connected.
Preferably, the water permeable layer is made of a metal material or a polymer material.
Preferably, the bottom of the secondary lining is provided with a drainage side ditch.
Preferably, the secondary lining side wall is provided with a cable groove.
Preferably, the diameter of the longitudinal drain pipe is 80-120 mm, and the diameter of the transverse drain pipe is 80-120 mm.
Preferably, the longitudinal drain pipe adopts a half-perforated PE pipe, and the transverse drain pipe adopts a PE corrugated pipe.
Preferably, the transverse drain pipes are arranged every five meters, and the gradient is not less than 2%.
Preferably, the longitudinal drain pipe and the water drainage preventing layer are filled with gravel.
Preferably, the water drainage preventing layer comprises geotextile and a waterproof board, and the geotextile and the waterproof board are arranged on the inner side of the secondary lining.
Preferably, the longitudinal drain pipe is communicated with the transverse drain pipe through a tee pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:
the utility model relates to a tunnel waterproof and drainage structure, which comprises a permeable layer, an initial support, a waterproof and drainage layer, a secondary lining, a longitudinal drain pipe, a transverse drain pipe and tunnel surrounding rocks, wherein the permeable layer replaces the traditional combination of a circular semicircular pipe and a longitudinal blind pipe, so that the drainage path behind the initial support is increased, the procedure of installing the circular semicircular pipe is reduced, the installation is easy, the drainage effect is good, the speed of the surrounding rocks flowing into the longitudinal drain pipe can be greatly increased by adding the drainage layer, the seepage of the initial support is reduced, the water pressure of a waterproof board is reduced, and the risk of lining seepage is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic transverse view of a tunnel drainage structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of a tunnel drainage structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of fig. 1 at a in accordance with the present utility model.
In the figure, a 1-water permeable layer; 2-primary support; 3-a water drainage preventing layer; 3-1 geotextile; 3-2 waterproof board; 4-secondary lining; 5-a longitudinal drain pipe; 6-a transverse drain pipe; 7-drainage side ditches; 8-a cable trough; 9-tunnel surrounding rock; 10-gravel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present utility model better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present utility model and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the utility model described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a tunnel drainage preventing structure of the present utility model includes a permeable layer 1, an primary support 2, a drainage preventing layer 3 and a secondary lining 4, a longitudinal drain pipe 5, a lateral drain pipe 6, a drain side ditch 7, a cable groove 8, tunnel surrounding rock 9, and gravel 10.
The permeable layer 1 is placed between the primary support 2 and the tunnel surrounding rock 9, the permeable layer 1 is arranged at the water seepage part of the tunnel surrounding rock 9, the permeable layer 1 can be made of net-shaped materials such as a geotechnical mat and a spinning mat net, and can also be made of metal materials or polymer materials, the polymer materials comprise rubber, plastics, fibers, paint, adhesive and the like, the metal materials comprise iron, copper and other metals, and the permeable layer is made of metal materials or polymer materials, so that the permeable layer 1 has a larger water flow space, and water seepage of the tunnel surrounding rock 9 can flow downwards rapidly after flowing into the permeable layer 1, and finally flows into the longitudinal drain pipe 5 to be discharged.
The secondary lining 4 is arranged on the lower surface of the primary support 2, the water drainage preventing layer 3 is arranged between the secondary lining 4 and the lower surface of the primary support 2, and the water drainage preventing layer 3 is used for enabling water seepage of the primary support 2 to flow into the longitudinal water drainage pipe 5 and preventing water seepage of the primary support 2 from penetrating into the secondary lining 4; the water-proof layer 3 comprises geotextile 3-1 and waterproof board 3-2, the geotextile 3-1 is mainly used for enabling water seepage and seepage of the primary support 2 to flow into the longitudinal drain pipe; the waterproof board 3-2 is used for blocking water flow and preventing water seepage of the primary support 2 from seeping into the secondary lining 4 again.
The longitudinal drain pipes 5 are arranged at two sides of the tunnel, the longitudinal drain pipes 5 are connected with the water-draining-preventing layer 3, the diameter of each longitudinal drain pipe 5 is 80-120 mm, and in one embodiment of the novel use, the longitudinal drain pipes 5 are half-perforated PE pipes with the diameter of 110 mm; a plurality of transverse drain pipes 6 are longitudinally arranged along the tunnel at intervals, the longitudinal drain pipes 5 are connected with the transverse drain pipes 6, in one embodiment, the longitudinal drain pipes 5 are communicated with the transverse drain pipes 6 through three-way pipes, specifically, in the embodiment of the utility model, the longitudinal drain pipes 5 are connected with the transverse drain pipes 6 through plastic three-way pipes, the longitudinal drain pipes 5 and the transverse drain pipes 6 are used for discharging water seepage from the permeable layer 1 and the water drainage prevention layer 3 to the drainage side ditches 7 through the transverse drain pipes 6, the drainage side ditches 7 finally discharge the water seepage outside the tunnel, and the stone drainage side ditches are arranged at the bottom of the secondary lining 4.
The diameter of the transverse drain pipe 6 is 80-120 mm, and in one embodiment of the utility model the longitudinal drain pipe 5 and the transverse drain pipe 6 are connected by a plastic tee. The transverse drain pipe 6 adopts PE corrugated pipes with the diameter of 110mm, the transverse drain pipe 6 is arranged every five meters, and the gradient of the transverse drain pipe 6 is not less than 2%.
When the permeable layer 1 is connected with the water drainage preventing layer 3 and the longitudinal water drainage pipe 6, the permeable layer 1 and the water drainage preventing layer 3 are bent, the longitudinal water drainage pipe 5 is wrapped, gravel 10 is filled between the longitudinal water drainage pipe 5 and the water drainage preventing layer 3 for filtering, and large-particle sediment, stones and the like are prevented from blocking the longitudinal water drainage pipe.
The cable groove 8 is arranged on the side wall of the secondary lining 4, the cable groove 8 is used for storing various cables, circuits and other materials, a drain hole is reserved at the bottom of the cable groove 8, and if accumulated water exists, the accumulated water can be discharged into the drainage side ditch 7 through the drain hole.
The utility model provides a tunnel waterproof and drainage structure which is simultaneously provided with a specific using method, and the method comprises the following steps:
after the tunnel blasting is excavated, water leakage occurs in surrounding rock, if the area is large, net materials such as a geotechnical mat or a spinning mat net are cut to a proper width, generally 2m, instead of a circular drainage blind pipe, the circular drainage blind pipe is paved on the surface of the surrounding rock, and then concrete is sprayed for primary support. And then the geotextile waterproof board is applied, and finally secondary lining is carried out.
The diameter of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe is 80-120 mm, and a half-face perforated PE pipe with the diameter of 110mm is adopted as the longitudinal drainage blind pipe in the embodiment. The diameter of the transverse drainage blind pipe is 80-120 mm, and a PE corrugated pipe with the diameter of 110mm is adopted as the transverse drainage blind pipe in the embodiment, and is arranged every five meters, wherein the gradient is not less than 2%. The transverse drain pipe is connected with the longitudinal drain pipe through a plastic tee joint. When the permeable layer is connected with the water drainage prevention layer and the longitudinal water drainage pipe, the permeable layer is bent with the water drainage prevention layer, the upper half perforated longitudinal water drainage pipe is wrapped, gravel is filled in the middle of the upper half perforated longitudinal water drainage pipe, and the longitudinal water drainage pipe is prevented from being blocked by large-particle sediment, stones and the like.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a drainage structure is prevented to tunnel, a serial communication port, including permeable bed (1), primary support (2), prevent drainage layer (3), secondary lining (4), vertical drain pipe (5), horizontal drain pipe (6) and tunnel surrounding rock (9), permeable bed (1) set up between primary support (2) and tunnel surrounding rock (9), secondary lining (4) set up at primary support (2) lower surface, prevent drainage layer (3) set up between primary support (2) lower surface and secondary lining (4), vertical drain pipe (5) set up in the both sides of tunnel, vertical drain pipe (5) are connected with preventing drainage layer (3), be provided with a plurality of horizontal drain pipes (6) along tunnel longitudinal interval, vertical drain pipe (5) and horizontal drain pipe (6) intercommunication.
2. A tunnel water-proof and drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-permeable layer (1) is made of a metal material or a polymer material.
3. A tunnel water-repellent structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary lining (4) is provided with drainage side channels (7) at the bottom.
4. A tunnel drainage structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the secondary lining (4) side wall is provided with a cable trench (8).
5. A tunnel drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the longitudinal drain pipe (5) is 80-120 mm and the diameter of the transverse drain pipe (6) is 80-120 mm.
6. A tunnel drainage structure according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal drain pipe (5) is a half-perforated PE pipe and the transverse drain pipe (6) is a PE corrugated pipe.
7. A tunnel water-proof and drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse drainage pipe (6) is arranged every five meters with a gradient of not less than 2%.
8. A tunnel drainage structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the longitudinal drainage pipe (5) is filled with gravel (10) intermediate the drainage layer (3).
9. A tunnel drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage layer (3) comprises geotextile (3-1) and a waterproof board (3-2), the geotextile (3-1) and the waterproof board (3-2) being arranged inside the secondary lining (4).
10. A tunnel drainage structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the longitudinal drainage pipe (5) is in communication with the transverse drainage pipe (6) via a tee.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322190813.9U CN220434826U (en) | 2023-08-14 | 2023-08-14 | Tunnel waterproof and drainage structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322190813.9U CN220434826U (en) | 2023-08-14 | 2023-08-14 | Tunnel waterproof and drainage structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220434826U true CN220434826U (en) | 2024-02-02 |
Family
ID=89686193
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322190813.9U Active CN220434826U (en) | 2023-08-14 | 2023-08-14 | Tunnel waterproof and drainage structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220434826U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-08-14 CN CN202322190813.9U patent/CN220434826U/en active Active
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |