CN220432716U - Light rubbish oil making device - Google Patents

Light rubbish oil making device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN220432716U
CN220432716U CN202321622801.2U CN202321622801U CN220432716U CN 220432716 U CN220432716 U CN 220432716U CN 202321622801 U CN202321622801 U CN 202321622801U CN 220432716 U CN220432716 U CN 220432716U
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oil
communicated
tank
storage tank
outlet
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CN202321622801.2U
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张欣
邹君
史秋
常久
傅有力
俞程奕
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Dalian Gty Thermo Tech Co ltd
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Dalian Gty Thermo Tech Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model provides a light garbage oil making device, which comprises: the device comprises a cracking reactor, a buffer tank, a first-stage cooler, an oil-gas separator, a first-stage oil temporary storage tank, a second-stage cooler, a second-stage oil temporary storage tank and the like; the bottom of the cracking reactor is provided with a burner; the fuel tank is communicated with the burner, the cracking reactor outlet is communicated with the buffer tank inlet, the buffer tank top outlet is communicated with the first-section condenser heating medium inlet, the first-section condenser heating medium outlet is communicated with the oil-gas separator inlet, the oil-gas separator outlet is communicated with the first-section temporary oil storage tank, the oil-gas separator is communicated with the second-section cooler, the second-section cooler heating medium outlet is communicated with the second-section temporary oil storage tank inlet, the second-section temporary oil storage tank top outlet is communicated with the water seal tank inlet, and the water seal tank top outlet is communicated with the bottom of the cracking reactor through the combustion fan. The device has simple structure, easy installation and maintenance, stable operation, high thermal efficiency and high oil yield, and is suitable for recycling light garbage in a landfill.

Description

Light rubbish oil making device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a light garbage recycling technology, in particular to a light garbage oil making device.
Background
With the rapid development of the modern synthetic resin industry, plastic products are increasingly used. The large amount of waste plastics which are caused by the waste plastics also causes serious environmental pollution, and the recovery, regeneration and utilization of the waste plastics become hot spots for domestic and foreign research and gradually form an emerging industry.
Although China issued "plastic limiting command" in 2008, analysis shows that the plastics in the garbage stream are not significantly reduced. In the aspect of recycling waste plastics, the waste plastics in the garbage are dirty and various plastics are mixed together, so that the value of recycling the waste plastics as raw materials is low; when domestic garbage containing a large amount of waste plastics is buried, the garbage occupies a storage capacity, the degradation speed is low, and the stabilization of a landfill site is seriously affected; when the incineration treatment is adopted, pollutants such as dioxin are extremely liable to be generated. Therefore, after mechanical sorting or enrichment (improving the quality and content of plastics) is carried out on waste plastics in the household garbage, high-temperature isolated air cracking is carried out, and the preparation of fuel oil and fuel gas is an important means for realizing plastic recycling and is also an important recycling link in the current comprehensive garbage treatment process, so that the comprehensive garbage treatment process is widely focused.
The light garbage refers to oversize products, mainly plastics, fabrics and the like, of landfill garbage after excavation and screening treatment. The conventional disposal measures are that the compressed package is sent into an incineration power plant to be used as fuel, but the incineration utilization efficiency is low, the economy is general, and secondary pollution is generated, so an effective device is needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the problems of low efficiency, poor economy and secondary pollution of the existing light garbage treatment equipment, and provides a light garbage oil production device which is simple in structure, easy to install and maintain, stable in operation, high in thermal efficiency and high in oil yield and is suitable for recycling light garbage in a garbage landfill.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a lightweight refuse-derived oil production apparatus comprising: the device comprises a cracking reactor, a buffer tank, a first-stage cooler, an oil-gas separator, a first-stage oil temporary storage tank, a second-stage cooler, a second-stage oil temporary storage tank, a water seal tank, a fuel tank, a first combustion fan and a second combustion fan;
the light garbage is filled in the cracking reactor, the bottom of the cracking reactor is provided with a burner, the top of the cracking reactor is provided with a chimney, and a first combustion fan and a second combustion fan are arranged below the cracking reactor;
the fuel tank is communicated with a combustor of the cracking reactor, an outlet of the cracking reactor is communicated with an inlet of a buffer tank, an outlet at the top of the buffer tank is communicated with a first-section cooler heating medium inlet, a first-section cooler heating medium outlet is communicated with an inlet of an oil-gas separator, an outlet of the oil-gas separator is communicated with a first-section temporary oil storage tank, the oil-gas separator is communicated with a second-section cooler, an outlet of the second-section cooler heating medium is communicated with an inlet of the second-section temporary oil storage tank, an outlet at the top of the second-section temporary oil storage tank is communicated with an inlet of a water seal tank, and an outlet at the top of the water seal tank is communicated with a fuel pipe at the bottom of the cracking reactor through a first combustion fan and a second combustion fan respectively;
further, the refrigerant inlets and the refrigerant outlets of the first-stage cooler, the oil-gas separator and the second-stage cooler are respectively communicated with a cooling water supply and return pipeline.
Further, the light garbage oil production device also comprises a cooling water tank, and the cooling water tank is respectively communicated with refrigerant inlets of the first-stage cooler, the oil-gas separator and the second-stage cooler through a cooling water pump.
Further, the cooling water tank is communicated with an inlet at the upper part of the water sealed tank through a cooling water pump.
Further, a temperature sensor is arranged on the side wall of the cracking reactor, a temperature sensor is arranged at the top of the buffer tank, a temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline of the inlet of the cooling water tank, a temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the heating medium of the first-stage cooler, a temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet of the heating medium of the second-stage temporary oil storage tank, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet of the upper part of the water seal tank. The temperature sensor is provided for monitoring the reaction temperature during operation.
Further, the side wall of the cracking reactor is provided with a safety valve.
Further, the bottom outlet of the buffer tank is communicated with the oil storage tank through an oil delivery pump.
Further, the middle outlet of the first-section temporary oil storage tank is communicated with the oil storage tank through an oil delivery pump.
Further, the outlet in the middle of the two-section temporary oil storage tank is communicated with the oil storage tank through an oil delivery pump.
Further, the light garbage oil production device also comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit is respectively in communication connection with the temperature sensor, the oil delivery pump, the cooling water pump, the combustion fan and the combustion fan.
The working process of the light garbage oil making device comprises the following steps: the light garbage after pre-drying is put into a cracking reactor, a burner is started, fuel oil enters an oil-gas separator to burn for heating, and the fuel oil is heated to the cracking temperature of the light garbage to start producing the oil gas. Starting a cooling water pump, condensing oil gas through a first-stage cooler after passing through a buffer tank, collecting produced oil into a first-stage oil temporary storage tank for storage, condensing residual oil gas through a second-stage cooler, collecting produced oil into a second-stage oil temporary storage tank for storage, and returning residual pyrolysis gas to a pyrolysis reactor through a water seal tank for combustion and heat supply. The generated semicoke is periodically discharged from a slag discharge port on the side wall of the cracking reactor, and the product oil of the first-stage oil temporary storage tank and the second-stage oil temporary storage tank is periodically conveyed to an oil storage tank for storage through an oil conveying pump.
The utility model relates to a working principle of a light garbage oil making device, which comprises the following steps: the raw resin high polymer in the light garbage is thoroughly decomposed by heating so as to return to a low molecular weight state or a monomer state, and other components are basic organic raw materials. Thermal cracking can be classified into a depolymerization reaction type, a random decomposition type, and an intermediate type. The depolymerization reaction type plastic is decomposed into monomers by polymer dissociation when heated and decomposed, and the bonding bond between monomer molecules is mainly cut off. Such plastics are poly alpha-methylstyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, tetrafluoroethylene plastics, etc., which decompose almost 100% into monomers. Randomly decomposed plastics break down randomly when heated to decompose, producing low molecular compounds with a certain number of carbon and hydrogen atoms bound. Such plastics are polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc. If the polyolefin is broken into hydrocarbon radicals in the absence of a catalyst, a certain number of hydrocarbon compounds are regenerated, and a large amount of waxy products are contained. The cracking of most plastics is both compatible, but under the appropriate conditions of temperature, pressure and catalyst, certain specific numbers of chain length products can be greatly increased, so that products with certain economic value, such as gasoline, diesel oil and the like, are obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the light garbage oil making device has the following advantages:
1) The light garbage oil making device is simple in structure, easy to install and maintain, integrated to install, compact and attractive, and occupies a small area.
2) The light garbage oil-making device adopts two-stage cooling, collects different fractions at different temperatures, has high thermal efficiency and high oil yield, can collect product oil with different components at different temperatures, and has good economy.
3) According to the light garbage oil production device, pyrolysis gas returns into the reactor for utilization through the water sealed tank and the combustion fan, so that the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a light garbage oil-making device.
Wherein: 1. the cracking reactor, the buffer tank, the first-stage cooler, the oil-gas separator, the first-stage oil temporary storage tank, the second-stage cooler, the second-stage oil temporary storage tank, the water seal tank and the water seal tank are arranged in sequence, wherein the first-stage oil temporary storage tank is connected with the first-stage cooler, the second-stage oil temporary storage tank is connected with the second-stage cooler, the water seal tank is connected with the second-stage oil temporary storage tank, the water seal tank is connected with the second-9 a first combustion fan, 10 a second combustion fan, 11 a fuel tank, 12 an oil storage tank, 13 an oil delivery pump, 14 a cooling water pump, 15 a cooling water tank, 16 a temperature sensor and 17 a safety valve.
Description of the embodiments
The utility model is further illustrated by the following examples:
examples
The embodiment discloses a light rubbish oil making device, as shown in fig. 1, includes: the device comprises a cracking reactor 1, a buffer tank 2, a first-stage cooler 3, an oil-gas separator 4, a first-stage oil temporary storage tank 5, a second-stage cooler 6, a second-stage oil temporary storage tank 7, a water seal tank 8, a fuel tank 11, a first combustion fan 9 and a second combustion fan 10;
the pyrolysis reactor 1 is filled with light garbage including, but not limited to, waste plastics, fabrics and rubber. The bottom of the cracking reactor 1 is provided with a burner, the top of the cracking reactor is provided with a chimney, and the side wall of the cracking reactor 1 is provided with a safety valve 17 for pressure relief when the pressure exceeds the limit. A first combustion fan 9 and a second combustion fan 10 are arranged below the cracking reactor 1.
The fuel tank 11 is communicated with a combustor of the cracking reactor 1, an outlet of the cracking reactor 1 is communicated with an inlet of the buffer tank 2, an outlet at the top of the buffer tank 2 is communicated with a heat medium inlet of the first section of cooler 3, a heat medium outlet of the first section of cooler 3 is communicated with an inlet of the oil-gas separator 4, an outlet at the lower part of the oil-gas separator 4 is communicated with the first section of oil temporary storage tank 5, an outlet at the top of the oil-gas separator 4 is communicated with a heat medium inlet of the second section of cooler 6, a heat medium outlet of the second section of cooler 6 is communicated with an inlet of the second section of oil temporary storage tank 7, an outlet at the top of the second section of oil temporary storage tank 7 is communicated with an inlet of the water seal tank 8, and an outlet at the top of the water seal tank 8 is respectively communicated with a fuel pipe at the bottom of the cracking reactor 1 through a first combustion fan 9 and a second combustion fan 10;
the light garbage oil production device further comprises a cooling water tank 15, and the cooling water tank 15 is respectively communicated with refrigerant inlets of the first-stage cooler 3, the oil-gas separator 4 and the second-stage cooler 6 through a cooling water pump 14.
The cooling water tank 15 is communicated with an upper inlet of the water sealed tank 8 through a cooling water pump 14.
The cracking reactor is characterized in that a temperature sensor 16 is arranged on the side wall of the cracking reactor 1, a temperature sensor 16 is arranged at the top of the buffer tank 2, a temperature sensor 16 is arranged on a pipeline of an inlet of the cooling water tank 15, a temperature sensor 16 is arranged at a heating medium outlet of the first-stage cooler 3, a temperature sensor 16 is arranged at a heating medium inlet of the second-stage oil temporary storage tank 7, and a temperature sensor 16 is arranged at an inlet at the upper part of the water sealing tank 8. The temperature sensor 16 is provided for monitoring the reaction temperature during operation.
The bottom outlet of the buffer tank 2 is communicated with an oil storage tank 12 through an oil delivery pump 13. The middle outlet of the first-stage oil temporary storage tank 5 is communicated with an oil storage tank 12 through an oil delivery pump 13. The outlet of the middle part of the two-section oil temporary storage tank 7 is communicated with an oil storage tank 12 through an oil delivery pump 13.
The light garbage oil making device further comprises a control unit, and the control unit is respectively in communication connection with the temperature sensor 16, the oil delivery pump 13, the cooling water pump 14, the combustion fan 9 and the combustion fan 10.
The working process of the light garbage oil making device comprises the following steps: the light garbage after pre-drying is put into a cracking reactor 1, a burner is started, fuel oil enters an oil-gas separator 4 to be burnt for heating, and the fuel oil is heated to the cracking temperature of the light garbage to start producing the oil gas. The cooling water pump 14 is started, oil gas is condensed through the first-stage cooler 3 after passing through the buffer tank 2, the produced oil is collected into the first-stage oil temporary storage tank 5 for storage, the residual oil gas is continuously condensed through the second-stage cooler 6, the produced oil is collected into the second-stage oil temporary storage tank 7 for storage, and the residual pyrolysis gas is returned to the pyrolysis reactor 1 through the water seal tank 8 for combustion and heat supply. The generated semicoke is periodically discharged from a slag discharge port of the cracking reactor 1, and the product oil of the first-stage oil temporary storage tank 5 and the second-stage oil temporary storage tank 7 is periodically conveyed to an oil storage tank 12 for storage through an oil conveying pump 13.
The utility model relates to a working principle of a light garbage oil making device, which comprises the following steps: the raw resin high polymer in the light garbage is thoroughly decomposed by heating so as to return to a low molecular weight state or a monomer state, and other components are basic organic raw materials. Thermal cracking can be classified into a depolymerization reaction type, a random decomposition type, and an intermediate type. The depolymerization reaction type plastic is decomposed into monomers by polymer dissociation when heated and decomposed, and the bonding bond between monomer molecules is mainly cut off. Such plastics are poly alpha-methylstyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, tetrafluoroethylene plastics, etc., which decompose almost 100% into monomers. Randomly decomposed plastics break down randomly when heated to decompose, producing low molecular compounds with a certain number of carbon and hydrogen atoms bound. Such plastics are polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc. If the polyolefin is broken into hydrocarbon radicals in the absence of a catalyst, a certain number of hydrocarbon compounds are regenerated, and a large amount of waxy products are contained. The cracking of most plastics is both compatible, but under the appropriate conditions of temperature, pressure and catalyst, certain specific numbers of chain length products can be greatly increased, so that products with certain economic value, such as gasoline, diesel oil and the like, are obtained.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A lightweight refuse-based oil production device, comprising: the device comprises a cracking reactor (1), a buffer tank (2), a first-stage cooler (3), an oil-gas separator (4), a first-stage oil temporary storage tank (5), a second-stage cooler (6), a second-stage oil temporary storage tank (7), a water seal tank (8), a fuel tank (11), a first combustion fan (9) and a second combustion fan (10);
the bottom of the cracking reactor (1) is provided with a burner, the top of the cracking reactor is provided with a chimney, and a first combustion fan (9) and a second combustion fan (10) are arranged below the cracking reactor (1);
the fuel tank (11) is communicated with a combustor of the cracking reactor (1), an outlet of the cracking reactor (1) is communicated with an inlet of the buffer tank (2), an outlet at the top of the buffer tank (2) is communicated with a heat medium inlet of the first section of cooler (3), an outlet of the first section of cooler (3) is communicated with an inlet of the oil-gas separator (4), an outlet of the oil-gas separator (4) is communicated with the first section of temporary storage tank (5), the oil-gas separator (4) is communicated with the second section of cooler (6), an outlet of the heat medium of the second section of cooler (6) is communicated with an inlet of the second section of temporary storage tank (7), an outlet at the top of the second section of temporary storage tank (7) is communicated with an inlet of the water-sealed tank (8), and an outlet at the top of the water-sealed tank (8) is communicated with the bottom of the cracking reactor (1) through the first combustion fan (9) and the second combustion fan (10).
2. The light garbage oil making device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant inlets and the refrigerant outlets of the first-stage cooler (3), the oil-gas separator (4) and the second-stage cooler (6) are respectively communicated with a cooling water supply and return pipeline.
3. The light garbage oil production device according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling water tank (15), wherein the cooling water tank (15) is respectively communicated with refrigerant inlets of the first-stage cooler (3), the oil-gas separator (4) and the second-stage cooler (6) through a cooling water pump (14).
4. A lightweight refuse oil production device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cooling water tank (15) is connected to the upper inlet of the water-sealed tank (8) by means of a cooling water pump (14).
5. The light garbage oil production device according to claim 3, wherein a temperature sensor (16) is arranged on the side wall of the cracking reactor (1), a temperature sensor (16) is arranged at the top of the buffer tank (2), a temperature sensor (16) is arranged on a pipeline of an inlet of the cooling water tank (15), a temperature sensor (16) is arranged at a heat medium outlet of the first-stage cooler (3), a temperature sensor (16) is arranged at a heat medium inlet of the second-stage oil temporary storage tank (7), and a temperature sensor (16) is arranged at an inlet at the upper part of the water seal tank (8).
6. The light garbage oil production device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side wall of the cracking reactor (1) is provided with a safety valve (17).
7. The light garbage oil production device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom outlet of the buffer tank (2) is communicated with the oil storage tank (12) through an oil delivery pump (13).
8. The light garbage oil production device according to claim 1, wherein the middle outlet of the first-stage oil temporary storage tank (5) is communicated with the oil storage tank (12) through an oil delivery pump (13).
9. The light garbage oil production device according to claim 1, wherein the middle outlet of the two-stage oil temporary storage tank (7) is communicated with an oil storage tank (12) through an oil delivery pump (13).
10. The light garbage oil production device according to any one of claims 1-9, further comprising a control unit, wherein the control unit is in communication connection with the temperature sensor (16), the oil transfer pump (13), the cooling water pump (14), the first combustion fan (9) and the second combustion fan (10), respectively.
CN202321622801.2U 2023-06-26 2023-06-26 Light rubbish oil making device Active CN220432716U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202321622801.2U CN220432716U (en) 2023-06-26 2023-06-26 Light rubbish oil making device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202321622801.2U CN220432716U (en) 2023-06-26 2023-06-26 Light rubbish oil making device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN220432716U true CN220432716U (en) 2024-02-02

Family

ID=89702334

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202321622801.2U Active CN220432716U (en) 2023-06-26 2023-06-26 Light rubbish oil making device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN220432716U (en)

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