CN220422792U - Buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a buoyancy regulation lifting type cultivation caisson, which comprises a cultivation box body and a counterweight piece, wherein the counterweight piece is hung below the cultivation box body; the upper end of the center column is connected with a steel skeleton frame, the variable-volume buoyancy cabin is connected with the lower end of the center column, the middle ring frame is fixedly connected along the circumferential direction of the outer side of the variable-volume buoyancy cabin, the constant-volume buoyancy cabin is arranged between the steel skeleton frame and the variable-volume buoyancy cabin, the constant-volume buoyancy cabin can lift and slide along the center column, a traction strip is arranged between the steel skeleton frame and the middle ring frame, the net cage body is connected in an expanding and installing mode around the center column, and the variable-volume buoyancy cabin is provided with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. The cultivation caisson has strong typhoon and billow resistance, good ocean current deformation resistance, simple management operation, has the characteristics of safe production, high cultivation efficiency and simple management, and is suitable for popularization and application in coastal cultivation.

Description

Buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of aquatic product cultivation caissons.

Background

In recent years, with the construction of various large-scale cultivation facilities at home and abroad, a prologue of the cultivation industry for marching deep open sea and expanding the cultivation space of the open sea area of the bay is opened. The development of the famous and excellent aquatic product culture in the outside and deep sea areas is a main measure for breaking the structural bottleneck that the current shallow sea culture can only be concentrated in the estuary and the offshore areas, and the 'overload of the estuary culture, the oversaturation of the offshore culture and the serious shortage of the development of the offshore culture in the bay' of the shallow sea culture industry are caused, and the method is also an effective way for adjusting the production structure of the sea culture industry, pushing the supply side reform of the sea culture industry, accelerating the marine ecological civilization construction, improving the food quality of the sea culture product and the like, changing the sea resource advantage into the industrial economic advantage, pushing the powerful grip of the construction of the blue granary, and pushing the transformation and upgrading of the culture industry in order to respond to the trend, so that the large-scale culture caisson which is suitable for the outer bottom water area of the bay is continuously developed and developed.

The development of the external deep water net cage culture in the bay from the end of the last century in China is designed, developed and demonstrated, however, with the progress of time and the scale being strong, the problems of insufficient typhoon resistance, poor adaptability to strong ocean currents in sea areas, targeted wind and wave resistance net cage culture and management technology, lack of standardization and the like of the external sea area culture equipment in the bay are increasingly prominent, the healthy development of the high-efficiency culture in the external sea area in the country is seriously restricted, and in recent years, the large sea tooling is used for preparing the military deep and open sea culture equipment of enterprises, but the ultra-high facility and equipment investment cannot meet the mass culture production requirements taking small micro-culture enterprises or farmers as units.

In view of this, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on a cultivation caisson, and have produced the present utility model.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide the anti-typhoon and anti-billow composite material with strong anti-ocean current deformation performance, and the management operation is simple and convenient, A buoyancy-regulated lifting type cultivation caisson suitable for popularization and application in coastal and even deep open sea cultivation.

The utility model further aims to provide an operation method of the buoyancy-regulated lifting type cultivation caisson.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson comprises a cultivation box body and a counterweight piece, wherein the counterweight piece is hung at the bottom of the lower part of the cultivation box body, the cultivation box body comprises a box body supporting frame, a net cage body which is arranged on the frame in a supporting mode, a constant volume buoyancy cabin and a variable volume buoyancy cabin, and the box body supporting frame comprises a center column, a steel skeleton frame and a middle ring frame; the upper end and the steel skeleton frame central zone fixed connection of center post, the lower extreme fixed connection of varactor buoyancy cabin and center post, the zhonghuan frame sets up along varactor buoyancy cabin outside circumference fixed connection, the constant volume buoyancy cabin sets up along the circumference of center post between steel skeleton frame and varactor buoyancy cabin to the constant volume buoyancy cabin is for the structure setting that can follow center post lift slip, a week tractive has the tractive strip of a plurality of between the outside of steel skeleton frame and zhonghuan frame, the net clothing box is opened around center post expansion and is connected on steel skeleton frame, zhonghuan frame and tractive strip, varactor buoyancy cabin connection is provided with inlet and outlet pipe and inlet and outlet pipe.

And a clasping mechanism capable of clasping or releasing the central column of the constant-volume buoyancy cabin is arranged between the constant-volume buoyancy cabin and the central column, and a traction fixing mechanism is arranged between the constant-volume buoyancy cabin and the box body supporting frame.

The enclasping mechanism comprises a lantern ring, a righting buoyancy tank and wedge blocks, wherein the lantern ring is sleeved outside a central column, the righting buoyancy tank is uniformly distributed on the outer side circumference of the lantern ring, the inner ring side wall of the lantern ring is an inclined surface retracting from top to bottom to the center, the diameter of the lower end of the inclined surface is larger than that of the central column, a plurality of wedge blocks are axially distributed in a space between the inclined surface and the outer side wall of the central column, a blocking edge for preventing the wedge blocks from falling is arranged at the upper end of the corresponding inner ring side wall of the lantern ring, and the lower part of the lantern ring is hinged on a constant volume buoyancy cabin.

Between the constant volume buoyancy cabin and the central column the pulley structure which is beneficial to lifting and sliding is arranged.

The steel skeleton frame is provided with an upper limit structure for limiting the ascending of the constant-volume buoyancy cabin, and/or the middle ring frame is provided with a lower limit structure for limiting the descending of the constant-volume buoyancy cabin.

The upper limit structure is characterized in that an upper limit blocking part is arranged on the steel skeleton frame in a downward protruding way, the upper limit stop component is provided with a rubber buffer block; the lower limit structure is that the middle ring frame is provided with an annular groove seat which is correspondingly embedded into the lower part of the constant volume buoyancy cabin.

The variable-volume buoyancy cabin comprises a centered inner variable-volume buoyancy cabin and an outer variable-volume buoyancy cabin arranged around the inner variable-volume buoyancy cabin, the central column is a tubular structural column, the upper end of the central column is closed, the inner cavity of the central column is communicated with the inner variable-volume buoyancy cabin through the lower end, the volume of the inner variable-volume buoyancy cabin is increased, and the inner variable-volume buoyancy cabin and the outer variable-volume buoyancy cabin are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe which extend downwards and an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe which extend upwards along the central column.

The outside a week fixed connection of middle ring frame is provided with keeps off the flow structure.

The outside of zhonghuan frame is connected between the high direction both ends of keeping off the flow structure, and its inboard is connected on the upper portion of varactor buoyancy cabin, the lower extreme of tractive strip is connected in the upper end of keeping off the flow structure's high direction, the outside a week is pulled down to have a plurality of tractive strips between the lower extreme of fender flow structure's the high direction and the lower part of varactor buoyancy cabin, the net cage body divide into the net cage body that goes up in the space that steel skeleton frame, zhonghuan frame and tractive strip constitute and the lower net cage body in the space that keeps off flow structure, varactor buoyancy cabin and the tractive strip that is under below the zhonghuan frame constitute.

And a guy rope structure for maintaining the expanded state of the net box body is arranged between the box body supporting frame and the net box body.

And a cat ladder is arranged between the steel skeleton frame and the outer side of the middle ring frame.

The traction bar is a steel rope, and a plurality of ropes are uniformly distributed between two adjacent steel ropes at intervals up and down to form the flexible cat ladder.

The outer peripheral diameter of the steel skeleton frame is smaller than that of the middle ring frame.

And the steel skeleton frame and the middle ring frame are respectively provided with an operation walkway.

And a plastic pedal is paved on the operation pavement.

The utility model relates to an operation method of a buoyancy-regulated lifting type cultivation caisson, which comprises a sinking operation and a fishing operation;

the sinking operation is completed by the following operations: on the sea, the constant volume buoyancy cabin is firstly adjusted to be in a freely sliding state relative to the central column before sinking, then the air inlet and outlet pipes are used for exhausting, at the moment, the air inlet and outlet pipes enable seawater to flow into the variable volume buoyancy cabin automatically through the air inlet and outlet pipes, the whole cultivation caisson is sunk along with water injection of the variable volume buoyancy cabin, the constant volume buoyancy cabin slides upwards to a position blocked by the steel skeleton frame because the gravity of the constant volume buoyancy cabin is smaller than the buoyancy of the constant volume buoyancy cabin, after the variable volume buoyancy cabin is filled with water, the cultivation box body and the counterweight are sunk under the gravity of the counterweight, the counterweight falls to the seabed to be fixedly placed, at the moment, the cultivation box body is in a suspension state in water under the combined action of the buoyancy of the constant volume buoyancy cabin and the gravity of the counterweight, and the whole cultivation caisson is sunk on the seabed, namely in a sitting state, and sinking of the cultivation caisson is completed.

The fishing operation is completed by the following operations:

step one: pressing compressed gas into the air inlet and outlet pipes on the inner variable-volume buoyancy cabin, and discharging water in the inner variable-volume buoyancy cabin outwards through the air inlet and outlet pipes until the inner variable-volume buoyancy cabin is in an empty cabin state, wherein the air inlet and outlet pipes of the inner variable-volume buoyancy cabin are always in an air inlet working state, at the moment, the cultivation caisson is lifted to be in a floating state with exposed tops, and the constant-volume buoyancy cabin is positioned at a position blocked by a steel skeleton frame, wherein the height of the cultivation caisson exposed to the sea level is 0.5m-1.5 m;

step two: the air inlet and outlet pipes on the external variable-volume buoyancy cabin are pressed into compressed air, the external variable-volume buoyancy cabin is discharged outwards through the air inlet and outlet pipes, the air inlet and outlet pipes of the external variable-volume buoyancy cabin are always in an air inlet working state, the cultivation caisson is in an upward floating state, the constant-volume buoyancy cabin is kept floating after floating at sea level, the rest part of the cultivation caisson is kept floating to a height meeting the fishing operation requirement, the constant-volume buoyancy cabin is blocked above the middle ring frame at the moment, the external variable-volume buoyancy cabin is continuously compressed air and the air pressure of the external variable-volume buoyancy cabin at the moment is kept, and the constant-volume buoyancy cabin is pulled and fixedly connected to the middle ring frame, so that the fishing operation can be started.

By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model adopts the culture box body formed by matching the frame of the steel skeleton structure with the high-strength net box body, and the constant-volume buoyancy cabin and the variable-volume buoyancy cabin are arranged on the culture box body, and the lifting operation is realized by matching and controlling the water inlet, the water outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet of the variable-volume buoyancy cabin, so that the utility model has the following main advantages.

Firstly, the cultivation caisson can be sunk on the seabed, typhoons can be avoided by utilizing the natural law that waves decay rapidly along with the increase of water depths, and box body damage and damage to cultivation products can not be caused even in strong typhoon weather.

Secondly, through the holistic buoyancy of varactor buoyancy cabin regulation and control breed caisson (overcome the total force of counterweight and breed box dead weight promptly), play control and breed the caisson lift effect, be convenient for according to sea level height, weather or ocean current, control and breed the caisson and be in the degree of depth of breeding the waters, realize that the benefit maximize breeds, the management is convenient.

And thirdly, water inflow and drainage of the variable-capacity buoyancy cabin are realized through air inflow and air exhaust of the air compressor and the variable-capacity buoyancy cabin on the breeding ship, so that the buoyancy of the variable-capacity buoyancy cabin in the sea is changed, the breeding caisson floats to the sea surface, the breeding caisson is not required to be lifted by a ship crane, the operation is convenient, the time and the labor are saved, and conditions are provided for relatively simple management operations such as checking, fishing, removing fouling organisms (or net replacement) and the like in the breeding production process.

Fourthly, the anti-ocean current deformation performance is good, the high-strength netting is maintained to expand by the steel skeleton structure, and the stable culture volume can be maintained even under the action of strong ocean current; the choked flow effect of the constant-volume buoyancy cabin, the variable-volume buoyancy cabin and the flow blocking structure is utilized to form a stagnation area in the local culture space, so that a temporary rest space can be provided for the cultured fishes during the strong ocean current action, and the culture survival rate is improved.

And fifthly, the constant buoyancy of the constant-volume buoyancy cabin and the counterweight of the cultivation caisson play a role in stabilizing the cultivation caisson in a seabed state, a lifting process in water and a sea surface floating state.

Therefore, the buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson has the characteristics of strong typhoon and billow resistance, good ocean current deformation resistance, simple and convenient management operation, safe production, high cultivation efficiency and simple and convenient management, and is suitable for coastal and even deep and open sea cultivation popularization and application.

The operation method of the buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson has the advantages of being simple and convenient to manage and operate, low in labor cost and high in operation efficiency, and is suitable for coastal and even deep-open sea cultivation popularization and application.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a buoyancy-controlled lifting type cultivation caisson according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the cultivation box and the counterweight according to the utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a steel skeleton frame according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a middle ring frame according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a constant volume buoyancy module according to the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a buoyancy-controlled lifting cultivation caisson in a bottom-sitting suspension state;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a buoyancy-modulated lift system according to the present utility model a structural schematic diagram of the floating state of the exposed top of the cultivation caisson;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a buoyancy-controlled lifting type culture caisson fishing operation state;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the operational principle of the buoyancy-controlled lifting type cultivation caisson.

In the figure:

a cultivation box body 1; a weight 2; a case support frame 3; center of the machine a column 31;

a steel skeleton frame 32; a steel skeleton 321; a top tube rack 322; a top deck walkway 323; an upper limit stop 324;

a middle ring frame 33; a flow blocking structure 331; middle annular walkway 332;

a cage body 4; a netpen case 41; a lower net cage 42;

a constant volume buoyancy chamber 5; a variable-volume buoyancy chamber 6; an internal varactor buoyancy chamber 61; an outer varactor buoyancy chamber 62;

an intake and exhaust pipe 63; a steel pipe section 631; high-pressure hose segment 632; a water inlet and outlet pipe 64;

a pulling bar 71; a lower pulling bar 72; a climbing ladder 73;

a pulley structure 81; a clasping mechanism 82; collar 821; centralizing buoyancy tanks 822; wedge 823; baffle edge 824

A pulling fixing mechanism 83; an annular groove seat 84; buoy 90; a quick connector 91; a farming vessel 92;

a vacuum compressor 93; a seabed 94; sea level 95.

Detailed Description

In order to further explain the technical scheme of the utility model, the utility model is explained in detail by specific examples.

The buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson disclosed by the embodiment comprises a cultivation box body 1 and a counterweight piece 2, wherein the counterweight piece 2 is hung at the bottom of the lower part of the cultivation box body 1, and mainly has the effects of providing stable downward pulling force and fixing and playing a role in stabilizing the cultivation caisson in a seabed state, a lifting process in water and a sea surface floating state, and the cultivation box body 1 comprises a box body supporting frame 3, a net cage body 4, a constant-volume buoyancy cabin 5 and a variable-volume buoyancy cabin 6; the box body supporting frame 3 is a main body part which forms the outline size of the cultivation space of the cultivation caisson, the supporting structure of the box body supporting frame needs to have higher strength so as to adapt to the high-capacity deep sea cultivation application, and the box body supporting frame is usually supported by high-strength materials such as steel materials; the net cage body 4 is sewn by high-strength meshes, and is fixedly arranged on the cage body supporting frame 3 in an expanding manner to form a cultivation space of the cultivation cage body 1, so that the net cage body 4 with different mesh structures or sizes can be replaced according to the requirements of cultivated aquatic products, cultivation sea areas and the like; the constant-volume buoyancy cabin 5 and the variable-volume buoyancy cabin 6 are arranged on the box body supporting frame 3, buoyancy is changed through cooperation regulation and control of the two buoyancy cabins, so that lifting and sinking of the cultivation caisson in a deep sea area are realized, and operation and use of cultivation operation are achieved. The structure and positional connection of the respective components are described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

The box body supporting frame 3, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprises a center post 31, a steel skeleton frame 32 and a middle ring frame 33; the upper end of the center column 31 is fixedly connected with the center area of the steel skeleton frame 32, in this embodiment, the steel skeleton frame 32 includes a steel skeleton 321 for strengthening and improving the structural strength of the whole frame, a top surface pipe frame 322 fixedly connected with the steel skeleton 321 for forming a top surface profile frame, and a top surface pavement 323 fixedly arranged on the top surface pipe frame 322 and/or the steel skeleton 321 and used for operation treading, and a special plastic pedal for water operation cultivation can be paved on the top surface pavement 323. The variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 6 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the central column 31, the middle ring frame 33 is fixedly connected with the outer side circumference of the variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 6, can be fixedly connected with the lower end of the central column 31 or fixedly connected with the variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 6, and is shown in the figure to be fixedly connected with the variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 6, the middle ring frame 33 can be a steel pipe piece welded to form a frame structure capable of penetrating up and down, a middle ring pavement 332 used for operation treading can be arranged on the middle ring frame 33, a plastic pedal special for water operation culture can be paved on the middle ring pavement 332, a flow blocking structure 331 is fixedly connected with the outer side circumference of the middle ring frame 33, a section with a flow blocking effect is formed between the upper section and the lower section of the middle ring frame 33, a flow blocking area is formed in the culture caisson, and a local protection culture space is provided for culturing aquatic products. In this embodiment, the inner side of the middle ring frame 33 is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the variable-capacity buoyancy chamber 6, the outer side of the middle ring frame 33 is fixedly connected between two ends of the flow blocking structure 331 in the height direction, as shown in the figure, the two ends are fixedly connected in an upper position, a plurality of traction strips 71 and a ladder 73 for operation are pulled for a circle between the steel skeleton frame 32 and the upper end of the flow blocking structure 331 outside the middle ring frame 33 in the height direction, a plurality of lower traction strips 72 are pulled for a circle between the lower end of the flow blocking structure 331 in the height direction and the lower part of the variable-capacity buoyancy chamber 6, in this embodiment, the traction strips 71 and the lower traction strips 72 are steel ropes, and a plurality of ropes are uniformly distributed between two adjacent steel ropes in the traction strips 71 at an upper-lower interval to form the flexible ladder 73.

In summary, the overall structure forms the overall cultivation space outline frame of the box body supporting frame 3, in the figure, the outer peripheral diameter of the steel skeleton frame 32 is smaller than the outer peripheral diameter of the middle ring frame 33, so that the product of the utility model forms a double pyramid shape, the whole body is in weight balance distribution structure arrangement, the net box body 4 is arranged in a spreading way around a central column, the net box body 4 in the embodiment is divided into an upper net box body 41 connected in the space formed by the steel skeleton frame 32, the middle ring frame 33 and the traction bar 71 and a lower net box body 42 connected in the space formed by the baffle structure 331 below the middle ring frame 33, the variable capacity buoyancy compartment 6 and the lower traction bar 72, the whole net box body 4 is fixedly connected with the box body supporting frame 3 at multiple points, the upper end and the lower end of the upper net cage 41 are respectively and fixedly connected with the outer sides of the steel skeleton frame 32 and the middle ring frame 33, the whole net surface is also bound on the traction bar 71 at a plurality of points through ropes to prevent the net surface from sagging to influence the cultivation space, the upper end and the lower end of the lower net cage 42 are respectively and fixedly connected with the lower end of the baffle structure 331 and the lower part of the variable-capacity buoyancy compartment 6, and in order to maintain the lower net cage 42 in an expanded and tensed state, the lower net cage 42 is also fixedly pulled by the stay rope structure connected to the baffle structure 331, and the cultivation cage 1 formed in this way has high structural strength and stable and reliable space and can maintain a stable cultivation volume even under the action of strong ocean currents. In this embodiment, the counterweight 2 is hung on the bottom of the lower part of the variable-capacity buoyancy chamber 6, specifically, the first connecting member is fixedly disposed on the bottom of the lower part of the variable-capacity buoyancy chamber 6, the counterweight 2 is a concrete casting block with the second connecting member in the center, and the first connecting member and the second connecting member are usually metal members and are suspended on the first connecting member through the second connecting member.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5 is disposed between the steel skeleton frame 32 and the variable volume buoyancy chamber 6 along the circumferential direction of the center column 31, in the figure, the constant-volume buoyancy cabin 5 is an annular buoyancy cabin with an integrated full-sealed structure, the constant-volume buoyancy cabin 5 is arranged in a structure capable of lifting and sliding along the central column 31, and a pulley structure 81 which is beneficial to smooth lifting and sliding is arranged between the constant-volume buoyancy cabin and the central column. For better realizing the buoyancy application of the constant-volume buoyancy chamber 5, a clasping mechanism 82 capable of clasping or releasing the central column 31 of the constant-volume buoyancy chamber 5 is arranged between the constant-volume buoyancy chamber 5 and the central column 31, and a traction fixing mechanism 83 for traction fixing the constant-volume buoyancy chamber 5 is arranged between the constant-volume buoyancy chamber 5 and the box body supporting frame 3 (particularly the middle ring frame 33 in the figure); as shown in the figure, the enclasping mechanism 82 includes a collar 821, a righting buoyancy tank 822 and a wedge block 823, the collar 821 is sleeved outside the central column 31, the righting buoyancy tank 822 is circumferentially and uniformly distributed outside the collar 821, the inner ring side wall of the collar 821 is an inclined plane retracting from top to bottom towards the center, the diameter of the lower end of the inclined plane is larger than that of the central column 31 and forms a gap, the wedge block 823 axially distributes a plurality of blocks in the space between the inclined plane and the outer side wall of the central column 31, the collar 821 is provided with a blocking edge 824 for preventing the wedge block 823 from falling out corresponding to the upper end of the inner ring side wall, the lower part of the collar 821 is hinged on the constant volume buoyancy cabin 5, the wedge block 823 can adopt hard plastic or other materials capable of achieving similar effects, the wedge block 823 realized through the combination of the buoyancy righting effect of the righting buoyancy tank 822 and the structure of the inclined plane and the wedge block 823 is loosened to float upwards or downwards, the enclasping mechanism 82 can be connected on the constant volume buoyancy cabin 5, and the enclasping or the enclasping function thereof can be realized in detail when the enclasping is lifted, and the working principle is described later. Further to make the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5 stably used, in this embodiment, the steel skeleton frame 32 is provided with an upper limit structure for limiting the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5 in an ascending direction, the middle ring frame 33 is provided with a lower limit structure for limiting the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5 in a descending direction, as shown in the figure, the upper limit structure is that an upper limit stop part 324 is arranged on the periphery of the central column 31 of the steel skeleton frame 32 in a downward protruding mode corresponding to the upper surface of the constant-volume buoyancy cabin 5, a rubber buffer block is arranged on the upper limit stop part 324, and the lower limit structure is that an annular groove seat 84 for correspondingly embedding the lower portion of the constant-volume buoyancy cabin 5 is formed on the structure that the middle ring frame 33 is connected with the variable-volume buoyancy cabin 6.

The variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 6 is connected with an air inlet pipe 63 and an air inlet pipe 64, buoyancy regulation and control are achieved through air inlet and air outlet and air inlet and water outlet of the variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 6 to achieve the working effects of sedimentation, floating and suspension, in the embodiment, the structure disclosed by the variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 6 is shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 7-fig. 9, the variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 6 comprises two independent cabin bodies, namely a centered inner variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 61 and an outer variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 62 arranged around the inner variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 61, the central column 31 is a tubular structural column, the upper end of the central column is closed, the hollow cavity in the central column is communicated with the inner variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 61 through the lower end of the tubular structural column, the volume of the inner variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 61 and the outer variable-capacity buoyancy cabin 62 are respectively provided with the air inlet and outlet pipe 64 extending downwards and the air inlet and the air outlet pipe 63 extending upwards along the central column 31, the air inlet and outlet pipe 63 is divided into a steel pipe section 631 extending upwards along the central column 31 and a high-pressure hose section 632 extending to the upper end of the steel pipe section 631, and a high-pressure hose section 632 extending to the sea surface is arranged at the upper end of the high-pressure hose section 631, and the high-pressure hose section is fixed at the upper end of the high-pressure hose section is fixed on the sea surface and provided with a quick connector 91 at the sea level 95.

A description of the relevant contents of the working application, principle, etc. is made below.

The variable-capacity buoyancy chamber 6 is connected with an air inlet and outlet device on a culture ship 92 on the sea level 95 through a quick connector 91 at the upper end of a high-pressure hose section 632 of the air inlet and outlet pipe 63 to perform air inlet or air outlet of the variable-capacity buoyancy chamber 6, for example, air is input into the variable-capacity buoyancy chamber 6 through a vacuum compressor 93, air inlet or air outlet is performed, and water outlet or water inlet in the chamber is achieved through an air inlet and outlet pipe 64, in this embodiment, the setting of a connecting part, an air inlet and outlet valve part, a valve part on the air inlet and outlet pipe and the like adopted for connecting the pipes is not described in detail, and the setting is capable of realizing working requirements according to the pipeline setting.

The floating caisson is required to sink or the traction fixing mechanism 83 is not used for achieving traction fixing when the floating caisson is underwater, namely, the floating caisson is not connected with the middle ring frame 33, so that the floating caisson can play a role in the lifting process of the floating caisson, the floating caisson is positioned at the upper end of the center column 31 due to the fact that the floating caisson is greater than self gravity, when the floating caisson floats upwards, the center column 31 ascends relative to the floating caisson 5, the wedge 823 is separated from the center column 31 due to the self buoyancy, friction force is not generated, if the floating caisson tilts in the process, the floating caisson 5 slides upwards, the wedge 823 is tightly stuck to the center column 31 to generate friction force towards a gap between the lower end of the inclined plane and the center column 31 under the action of dead weight, so that the floating caisson 31 is held tightly, the floating caisson 5 is prevented from sliding upwards, the floating caisson is prevented from providing restoring moment at the moment, the floating caisson is regulated, and the fishing operation is facilitated.

During fishing, the constant-volume buoyancy cabin 5 can be pulled and fixed on the middle ring frame 33 through the pulling and fixing mechanism 83, so that the state of the cultivation caisson can be kept stable during fishing, after the pulling and fixing function is achieved, namely, pulling and fixing is released, the traction and fixing mechanism 83 is not achieved, the traction and fixing mechanism is manually inclined and fastened to enable the traction and fixing mechanism 82 to be separated from the center column 31, the wedge 823 does not act, the constant-volume buoyancy cabin 5 can freely slide relative to the center column 31 and does not prevent the cultivation caisson from sinking normally, after the fastening mechanism 82 enters water, a centering torque is generated under the action of the centralizing buoyancy tank 822, the mechanism is restored to be normal, and after the next floating cultivation caisson is exposed, the center column 31 can be prevented from sliding downwards, namely, the buoyancy of the floating cultivation caisson is prevented from sinking by the traction and fastened.

The buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson is firstly cultivated, sunk and used, transported to an offshore cultivation area through a working ship, and the working method comprises the steps of sinking operation and fishing operation;

the sinking operation is completed by the following operations: on sea level 95, the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5 is adjusted to be in a freely sliding state relative to the center column 31 before sinking, namely the operation of manually inclining the enclasping mechanism 82 to release enclasping of the center column 31 is performed, then the air is exhausted through the air inlet and outlet pipe 63, at the moment, the air exhausted by the air inlet and outlet pipe 63 can enable seawater to flow into the variable volume buoyancy chamber through the air inlet and outlet pipe 64, the whole culture caisson is sunk along with water injection of the variable volume buoyancy chamber 6, the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5 slides upwards to be in a position blocked by the steel skeleton frame 32 because the gravity of the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5 is smaller than the buoyancy of the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5, namely the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5 is blocked by the upper limit blocking part 324, when the variable volume buoyancy chamber 5 is fully filled with water, the culture box 1 and the counterweight 2 sink under the gravity, the counterweight 2 falls to the seabed 94 to be fixedly placed, at the moment, the culture box 1 is in a suspended state under the combined action of the buoyancy of the constant volume buoyancy chamber 5 and the gravity of the counterweight 2, and the culture caisson is wholly sunk on the seabed, namely the seabed to be sunk, and the caisson is sunk.

The fishing operation is completed by the following operations:

step one: compressed gas is pressed into the air inlet and outlet pipe 63 on the internal variable-volume buoyancy chamber 61, water in the internal variable-volume buoyancy chamber 61 is discharged outwards through the air inlet and outlet pipe 64 until the internal variable-volume buoyancy chamber 61 is in an empty chamber state, the air inlet and outlet pipe 63 of the internal variable-volume buoyancy chamber 61 is always in an air inlet working state, at the moment, the cultivation caisson is lifted to be in a floating state with exposed tops, and the constant-volume buoyancy chamber 5 is still positioned at a position blocked by the upper limit blocking part 324 on the steel skeleton frame 32, so that the cultivation caisson is exposed to the sea level for 0.5m-1.5 m;

step two: the compressed gas is pressed into the air inlet and outlet pipe 63 on the external variable-volume buoyancy chamber 62, the external variable-volume buoyancy chamber 62 is discharged outwards through the air inlet and outlet pipe 64, the air inlet and outlet pipe of the external variable-volume buoyancy chamber 62 is always in an air inlet working state, the cultivation caisson continues to float upwards, the constant-volume buoyancy chamber 5 begins to float after floating at the sea level 95 and keeps floating, the rest part of the cultivation caisson continues to float to a height meeting the fishing operation requirement, at this moment, the constant-volume buoyancy chamber 5 is blocked above the middle ring frame 33, namely embedded into the annular groove seat 84, the external variable-volume buoyancy chamber 62 is continuously compressed air, the air pressure of the external variable-volume buoyancy chamber 62 at this moment is kept, and the constant-volume buoyancy chamber 5 is fixedly connected to the middle ring frame 33 in a pulling manner through the pulling fixing mechanism 83, so that the fishing operation can be started.

According to the buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson, the high-strength structure and the buoyancy regulating and controlling function of the buoyancy cabin achieve good anti-resistance effect and the buoyancy regulating and controlling lifting effect, the buoyancy regulating and controlling lifting type cultivation caisson is normally sunk at the offshore bottom to carry out cultivation production, floats to the sea surface only when management and safety inspection are needed, and is sunk back to the offshore bottom to carry out cultivation production after relevant operation is completed. The fish-catching device has the advantages of strong anti-typhoon capability (namely, the fish-catching device is sunk on the sea floor, the sea waves are obviously attenuated, the influence of the direct damage of the sea waves is small), the influence of the sea currents is small (namely, the rigid structure prevents the reduction of the cultivation space, the set stagnant area ensures the normal and safe cultivation of large yellow croaker, groupers and the like when the flow rate exceeds 1 m/s), the management operation is simple (namely, one air compressor can control the raising caisson to ascend and descend, the temporary fish-catching device is arranged, the capturing of the raising products is facilitated, the automatic bait throwing system capable of automatically throwing the feed into the net cage every day can be matched for automatically throwing the feed into the raising caisson sunk on the sea floor, and the investment can be accepted by individual farmers or miniature raising enterprises.

The utility model has the characteristics that the concrete details are as follows:

1. the typhoon and billow resistance is strong. The cultivation caisson disclosed by the utility model is submerged in the bottom sea area near the seabed for cultivation production, and utilizes the natural law that the wave intensity is rapidly attenuated along with the increase of the water depth, so that the attack and damage of typhoons and huge waves are avoided, and the safe production requirement under the living working condition of target-level typhoons is realized. In addition, the natural environment of the bottom sea area is more stable, the influence of fouling organisms is obviously reduced, and the comprehensive cultivation effect is improved.

2. The anti-ocean current deformation performance is good. The high-strength net cage body is kept in an expanded and tensed state by a cage body supporting frame with a steel skeleton structure, and the stable culture volume can be kept even under the action of strong ocean currents; the choking effect of the flow blocking structure forms a stagnation area in the local culture space, can provide temporary rest space for leading famous and excellent cultured fishes such as large yellow croaker, groupers and the like during the action of strong ocean currents, improves the culture survival rate, and solves the problem of the current ocean currents on the neck of the anti-storm caisson culture in the outside of the bay.

3. The management operation is relatively simple. Under the drive of high-pressure gas of an air compressor, the cultivation caisson and the operation mode thereof can realize the lifting of different floating states such as the sinking of the cultivation caisson system on the sea floor, the floating of the top surface of the cultivation caisson on the sea surface, the floating of the bottom surface of the cultivation caisson (namely, the floating process can hover according to the requirement), and the like, thereby providing conditions for relatively conveniently carrying out management operations such as checking, fishing, removing fouling organisms (or screen changing) and the like in the cultivation production process; the cultivation caisson of the utility model can be matched with an automatic bait casting system which can automatically cast feed into the cultivation caisson every day for about 4 days (the system can be expanded to 7-10 days), solves the problem of feeding in the high sea condition environment of the overseas area in winter and spring.

4. Is suitable for mass cultivation. The cultivation of the utility modelThe water body of the single-port cultivation caisson of the caisson is about 1200m ³ The investment of a facility system is not more than million yuan, the method is suitable for small and micro-farming enterprises and even farmers, and the size and specification of the farming caisson can be changed according to the needs; the bay-out sea area of China is located on a western ocean continental shelf, the sea bottom gradient is gentle (about 0.7 degree average), the water depth is shallow, the depth line of 35m is far off shore as a whole, and the economic efficiency of a land-based management mode is poor. The buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson is suitable for being arranged with the water depth of about 35m, and meets the cultivation production requirements of the gulf overseas region and the masses in China.

The above examples and drawings are not intended to limit the form or form of the present utility model, and any suitable variations or modifications thereof by those skilled in the art should be construed as not departing from the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. The buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson comprises a cultivation box body and a counterweight piece, wherein the counterweight piece is hung at the bottom of the lower part of the cultivation box body, and the cultivation box body comprises a box body supporting frame and a net box body which is arranged on the frame in a propping way; the upper end and the steel skeleton frame central zone fixed connection of center post, the lower extreme fixed connection of varactor buoyancy cabin and center post, the zhonghuan frame sets up along varactor buoyancy cabin outside circumference fixed connection, the constant volume buoyancy cabin sets up along the circumference of center post between steel skeleton frame and varactor buoyancy cabin to the constant volume buoyancy cabin is for the structure setting that can follow center post lift slip, a week tractive has the tractive strip of a plurality of between the outside of steel skeleton frame and zhonghuan frame, the net clothing box is opened around center post expansion and is connected on steel skeleton frame, zhonghuan frame and tractive strip, varactor buoyancy cabin connection is provided with inlet and outlet pipe and inlet and outlet pipe.

2. The buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson according to claim 1, wherein a clasping mechanism capable of clasping or releasing the central column of the constant-volume buoyancy compartment is arranged between the constant-volume buoyancy compartment and the central column, and a traction fixing mechanism is arranged between the constant-volume buoyancy compartment and the box body supporting frame.

3. The buoyancy regulating lifting type cultivation caisson according to claim 2, wherein the enclasping mechanism comprises a sleeve ring, a righting buoyancy tank and wedge blocks, the sleeve ring is sleeved outside a central column, the righting buoyancy tank is circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer side of the sleeve ring, the inner ring side wall of the sleeve ring is an inclined surface retracting from top to bottom to the center, the diameter of the lower end of the inclined surface is larger than that of the central column, gaps are formed between the inclined surface and the outer side wall of the central column, the wedge blocks are axially distributed in the space between the inclined surface and the outer side wall of the central column, the upper end of the corresponding inner ring side wall of the sleeve ring is provided with a blocking edge for preventing the wedge blocks from falling out, and the lower part of the sleeve ring is hinged on the constant volume buoyancy cabin.

4. A buoyancy-operated lifting culture caisson according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a pulley structure facilitating lifting and sliding is arranged between the constant-volume buoyancy chamber and the central column.

5. A buoyancy-operated lifting culture caisson according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the steel skeleton frame is provided with an upper limit structure for limiting the lifting of the constant-volume buoyancy compartment, and/or the middle ring frame is provided with a lower limit structure for limiting the lowering of the constant-volume buoyancy compartment.

6. A buoyancy regulating lifting culture caisson according to claim 2, wherein the variable-volume buoyancy compartment comprises a central inner variable-volume buoyancy compartment and an outer variable-volume buoyancy compartment arranged around the inner variable-volume buoyancy compartment, the central column is a tubular structural column, the upper end of the central column is closed, the inner cavity of the central column is communicated with the inner variable-volume buoyancy compartment through the lower end to increase the volume of the inner variable-volume buoyancy compartment, and the inner variable-volume buoyancy compartment and the outer variable-volume buoyancy compartment are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe which extend downwards and an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe which extend upwards along the central column.

7. A buoyancy-operated lifting culture caisson according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 6, wherein a flow blocking structure is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the middle ring frame.

8. The buoyancy regulating lifting cultivation caisson according to claim 7, wherein the outer side of the middle ring frame is connected between two ends of the flow blocking structure in the height direction, the inner side of the middle ring frame is connected to the upper portion of the variable capacity buoyancy compartment, the lower end of the traction bar is connected to the upper end of the flow blocking structure in the height direction, a plurality of lower traction bars are pulled around the outer side between the lower end of the flow blocking structure in the height direction and the lower portion of the variable capacity buoyancy compartment, and the box body is divided into an upper box body in a space formed by the steel skeleton frame, the middle ring frame and the traction bars and a lower box body in a space formed by the flow blocking structure below the middle ring frame, the variable capacity buoyancy compartment and the lower traction bars.

9. A buoyancy-operated lifting type cultivation caisson according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 6, wherein a ladder is arranged between the outer side of the steel skeleton frame and the outer side of the middle ring frame, and/or working walkways are respectively arranged on the steel skeleton frame and the middle ring frame.