CN220422410U - Ridge surface punching mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment and discloses a ridge surface punching mechanism which comprises a punching mechanism and a punching driving mechanism used for driving the punching mechanism to carry out punching operation, wherein the punching mechanism comprises a punching head support and a punching head arranged below the punching head support, the punching driving mechanism comprises a reduction gearbox connected with a power motor of a transplanting machine and a connecting rod assembly used for driving a punching driving mechanism assembly to form an elliptical motion track with a central shaft always vertically downwards, and the punching mechanism is connected with the reduction gearbox in the punching driving mechanism through the connecting rod assembly.

Description

Ridge surface punching mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment, in particular to a ridge surface punching mechanism.

Background

In the traditional transplanting machine, seedlings are fed into duckbilled planting devices through seedling feeding trays, the planting devices are driven by a connecting rod mechanism to finish the work of hole opening, planting and the like, and then the pressing wheels cover soil to finish transplanting operation. The transplanting does not need bending over, only needs manual work to be accompanied with seedling throwing, is simple and easy, and has high operation efficiency.

The well cellar type transplanting technology refers to a technology that a cone well cellar with the diameter of 9 cm and the depth of about 20 cm is formed in a ridge body during tobacco leaf transplanting, tobacco seedlings with the stem height of 5 cm and the leaf number of about 5 are vertically and completely thrown into the well cellar, the top of the tobacco plant is ensured to be about 3 cm away from the well cellar opening, and a proper amount of accompanying soil is used for covering the root system of the tobacco seedlings. With the popularization and development of pit transplanting technology, the traditional transplanting machine is not suitable for new transplanting technology.

In recent years, some backpack well forming machines are provided with holes on ridges before seedling throwing, but when the machine is used for well forming, the wrist is subjected to large impact force, the well pit is poor in forming quality and nonstandard in spacing, the later seedling throwing state is restored to the original manual seedling throwing state, the bending frequency is high, and the manual labor intensity is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a ridge surface punching mechanism which has the advantages of good pit forming quality, constant interval, high survival rate and small manual labor intensity.

The technical aim of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a ridge face mechanism of punching, includes the mechanism of punching and is used for driving into the mechanism of punching and punch the actuating mechanism that punches that the operation was carried out to the mechanism of punching, the mechanism of punching includes the head support of punching and installs the head of punching in the head support below of punching, the actuating mechanism of punching includes the reducing gear box of being connected with transplanter power motor and is used for driving the actuating mechanism assembly of punching and has formed the center pin and have perpendicular decurrent oval motion trail all the time's link assembly, the mechanism of punching is connected with the reducing gear box in the actuating mechanism of punching through the link assembly.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the reducing gear box moves under the drive of transplanter power motor to form the center pin through the punching mechanism that link mechanism drive is connected and perpendicular decurrent all the time, oval motion track, make when the transplanter continuously walk forward, punching mechanism is in the interval from beginning to breaking away from the ridge face to end with the ridge face contact, displacement component in the walking direction is zero all the time, thereby ensure that the transplanter is in the fashioned quality of well cellar for storing things in walking in-process and the interval between the well cellar for storing things is invariable, make the transplanter can be fine throw into the well cellar for storing things with the tobacco seedling, improved the quality that the tobacco seedling was transplanted greatly, need not the manual seedling of throwing in later stage, effectively reduced people's intensity of labour, equipment automated effect is better.

The utility model is further provided with: the connecting rod assembly comprises a left front connecting rod assembly, a left rear connecting rod assembly, a right front connecting rod assembly and a swing arm cam assembly, one end of the left front connecting rod assembly is rotationally connected with a swing arm cam rotating shaft on the reduction gearbox, the swing arm cam assembly is in key connection with the swing arm cam rotating shaft on the reduction gearbox, the rotating shaft at one end of the left rear connecting rod assembly penetrates through a bearing hole of the reduction gearbox and is in key connection with one end of the right front connecting rod assembly at the other side of the reduction gearbox, and a bearing on the left rear connecting rod assembly and a cam on the swing arm cam assembly form a cam assembly pair.

The utility model is further provided with: the other end of the left front connecting rod assembly and the other end of the left rear connecting rod assembly are respectively and rotatably connected with two bearing holes of the triangular plate assembly.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, drive the swing arm cam assembly through swing arm cam pivot when the reducing gear box moves and rotate, the cam intermittent type on the swing arm cam assembly extrudees the bearing on the left back connecting rod assembly when the swing arm cam assembly is rotatory, when the cam intermittent type on the swing arm cam assembly extrudes the bearing on the left back connecting rod assembly, make the left back connecting rod assembly rotate around its pivot that passes the bearing hole of reducing gear box, make the other end of left back connecting rod assembly be the arc orbit and swing forward when the pivot that the left back connecting rod assembly passed the bearing hole of reducing gear box rotates around it, the other end of left back connecting rod assembly is the arc orbit and swings forward when the other end of left back connecting rod assembly is the arc orbit and drives the triangle dish assembly that is connected with the other end of left back connecting rod assembly and swing forward in step to be the arc orbit.

The utility model is further provided with: the connecting rod assembly further comprises two lower connecting rods and an upper connecting rod, the two lower connecting rods are fixed into a whole through a connecting rod beam, one ends of the two lower connecting rods are respectively connected with the other end of the right front connecting rod assembly and a connecting shaft of the triangular plate assembly in a rotating mode, the other ends of the two lower connecting rods are respectively hinged to the punching head support, one ends of the upper connecting rods are hinged to the triangular plate assembly, the other ends of the upper connecting rods are hinged to the punching head support, and the upper connecting rods are located above the lower connecting rods close to one side of the triangular plate assembly and are parallel to the lower connecting rods.

The utility model is further provided with: the connecting rod assembly further comprises a right crank connected with the reduction gearbox, one end of the right crank is connected with a swing arm rotating shaft key on the reduction gearbox, the other end of the right crank is rotationally connected with one end of the right rear connecting rod assembly, and the other end of the right rear connecting rod assembly is rotationally connected with a shaft in the middle of the connecting rod beam.

By adopting the technical scheme, the left rear connecting rod assembly also drives the right front connecting rod assembly connected with the left rear connecting rod assembly by the rotary shaft key of the bearing hole penetrating through the reduction gearbox to synchronously rotate around the rotary shaft key of the bearing hole penetrating through the reduction gearbox, so that the other end of the right front connecting rod assembly and the triangular plate assembly synchronously swing forwards in an arc track, two lower connecting rods respectively connected with the right front connecting rod assembly and the triangular plate assembly synchronously swing forwards in an arc track, when the triangular plate assembly swings forwards in an arc track, the upper connecting rod, the lower connecting rod connected with the upper connecting rod and the perforating head support connected with the other end of the lower connecting rod are synchronously and forwards swung in an arc track, meanwhile, one end of the right crank is driven to drive the connecting rod beam fixedly connected with the two lower connecting rods to do reciprocating curve motion along with the rotary shaft of the swing arm, the two lower connecting rod assemblies are enabled to always keep moving downwards in a compound curve along with the right crank and the triangular plate assembly, the perforating head support is enabled to continuously move downwards along with the continuous elliptic track along the vertical track along with the continuous moving direction of the perforation head in the vertical track in the vertical direction along with the continuous moving direction of the perforation head in the perforation track, and the perforation track is formed in the vertical direction along with the continuous track along the downward direction along the perforation track, the quality of the well pit forming in the running process of the transplanter is effectively ensured, and the interval between the well pits is constant.

The utility model is further provided with: the rotary shaft on the swing arm cam assembly and the ring groove nut on the perforating head support are tensioned by a side tension spring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, take up tightly with the side extension spring between pivot on the swing arm cam assembly and the belt ring groove nut on the mechanism of punching, force the bearing on the left back connecting rod assembly and the cam on the swing arm cam assembly contact all the time, guarantee the reliability of compound motion.

The utility model is further provided with: the punching mechanism further comprises a gear motor for driving the punching head to rotate, the gear motor is fixedly connected with the punching head support through a motor mounting seat, and the punching head is connected with an output shaft of the gear motor through a key.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, gear motor is used for driving the head rotation that punches for the head that punches is in rotary motion state all the time under compound motion, and during the well cellar for storing things shaping, the rotatory head that punches can base well cellar for storing things pore wall, effectively reduces the probability that well cellar for storing things pore wall collapses, has further guaranteed the shaping quality in well cellar for storing things hole.

The utility model is further provided with: the upper part of the punching head is also provided with a pit chamfering head coaxial with the punching head, the upper end of the pit chamfering head is provided with an ear fixedly connected with the punching head, and the punching head is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes which are respectively same as the mounting holes at different heights and are connected with the ear of the pit chamfering head.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, well cellar for storing things chamfer head is used for carrying out the chamfer to well cellar for storing things hole upper end when well cellar for shaping to make the upper end in well cellar for storing things hole become the flared, be used for on the one hand throwing the in-process of seedling to the tobacco seedling and lead to the tobacco seedling more easily to be thrown into well cellar for storing things, the reliability that the tobacco seedling transplanted has been improved greatly, on the other hand, the flared of upper end in well cellar for storing things hole becomes the flared and is favorable to making the tobacco seedling to throw into in the well cellar for storing things later on the branch and leaf of its root system top remain and be the state of opening naturally, avoid its branch and leaf to extrude each other and cause impaired or rotten condition, effectively improved the survival rate of tobacco seedling and the quality that the tobacco seedling transplanted.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

1. according to the utility model, the reduction gearbox runs under the drive of the power motor of the transplanter, so that the punching mechanism connected with the reduction gearbox is driven by the connecting rod mechanism to form an elliptical motion track with a central shaft always vertically downwards, so that when the transplanter continuously walks forwards, the punching mechanism always has zero displacement component in the walking direction in the interval from the contact start of the punching mechanism with the ridge surface to the end of the punching mechanism separating from the ridge surface, the shaping quality of the pit and the interval between the pits in the walking process of the transplanter are ensured to be constant, the transplanter can well throw tobacco seedlings into the pit, the tobacco seedling transplanting quality is greatly improved, the later manual seedling throwing is not needed, the labor intensity of people is effectively reduced, and the equipment automation effect is better.

2. In the utility model, the rotary shaft on the swing arm cam assembly and the ring groove nut on the punching mechanism are tensioned by the side tension spring, so that the bearing on the left rear connecting rod assembly is forced to be always contacted with the cam on the swing arm cam assembly, and the reliability of compound movement is ensured.

3. According to the utility model, the perforating head is driven to rotate by the gear motor, so that the perforating head is always in a rotary motion state under the compound motion, and the rotary perforating head can be used for piling up the wall of the well pit when the well pit is formed, so that the collapse probability of the wall of the well pit is effectively reduced, and the forming quality of the well pit is further ensured.

4. The well pit chamfering head is used for chamfering the upper end of the well pit hole when the well pit is formed, so that the upper end of the well pit hole is in an expanded horn shape, on one hand, the well pit chamfering head is used for guiding tobacco seedlings in the process of throwing the tobacco seedlings, so that the tobacco seedlings are easier to throw into the well pit, the reliability of tobacco seedling transplanting is greatly improved, on the other hand, the upper end of the well pit hole is in an expanded horn shape, the branches and leaves above the root system of the well pit hole are kept in a natural open state after the tobacco seedlings are thrown into the well pit, the situation that the branches and leaves are mutually extruded to cause damage or decay is avoided, and the survival rate of the tobacco seedlings and the quality of tobacco seedling transplanting are effectively improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a side structure of a ridge surface punching mechanism according to the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a reduction gearbox in the ridge surface punching mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the link assembly to the punching mechanism in the ridge punching mechanism according to the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a punching mechanism in the ridge surface punching mechanism according to the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a punching head in the ridge surface punching mechanism of the present utility model.

In the figure, 1, a punching mechanism; 101. A perforating head support; 102. A punching head; 103. A speed reducing motor; 104. A motor mounting seat; 105. Chamfering head of well pit; 106. An ear; 107. A mounting hole; 2. A punching driving mechanism; 3. A connecting rod assembly; 301. A left front link assembly; 302. a left rear link assembly; 303. a right front link assembly; 304. swing arm cam assembly; 305. a cam; 306. a triangular plate assembly; 307. A lower connecting rod; 308. An upper connecting rod; 309. A connecting rod beam; 310. A right crank; 311. A nut with a ring groove; 312. a side tension spring; 313. a right rear link assembly; 4. a reduction gearbox; 401. swing arm cam shaft; 402. and a swing arm rotating shaft.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in connection with specific embodiments. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the ridge surface punching mechanism comprises a punching mechanism 1 and a punching driving mechanism 2 for driving the punching mechanism 1 to perform punching operation, wherein the punching mechanism 1 comprises a punching head support 101 and a punching head 102 arranged below the punching head support 101, the punching driving mechanism 2 comprises a reduction gearbox 4 connected with a transplanter power motor and a connecting rod assembly 3 for driving the punching driving mechanism 2 assembly to form an elliptical motion track with a central shaft always vertically downward, and the punching mechanism 1 is connected with the reduction gearbox 4 in the punching driving mechanism 2 through the connecting rod assembly 3.

Further, the link assembly 3 includes a left front link assembly 301, a left rear link assembly 302, a right front link assembly 303 and a swing arm cam assembly 304, one end of the left front link assembly 301 is rotationally connected with a swing arm cam rotating shaft 401 on the reduction gearbox 4, the swing arm cam assembly 304 is in key connection with the swing arm cam rotating shaft 401 on the reduction gearbox 4, a rotating shaft at one end of the left rear link assembly 302 penetrates through a bearing hole of the reduction gearbox 4 and is in key connection with one end of the right front link assembly 303 at the other side of the reduction gearbox 4, and a bearing on the left rear link assembly 302 and a cam 305 on the swing arm cam assembly 304 form a cam assembly pair.

Further, the other end of the left front link assembly 301 and the other end of the left rear link assembly 302 are respectively rotatably connected with two bearing holes of the cam plate assembly 306.

Further, the link assembly 3 further includes two lower links 307 and an upper link 308, where the two lower links 307 are fixed as a whole by a link beam 309, one ends of the two lower links 307 are respectively rotatably connected with the other end of the right front link assembly 303 and the connecting shaft of the cam plate assembly 306, the other ends of the two lower links are respectively hinged with the punch head support 101, one end of the upper link 308 is hinged with the cam plate assembly 306, the other end of the upper link 308 is hinged with the punch head support 101, and the upper link 308 is located above the lower link 307 near one side of the cam plate assembly 306 and parallel to the lower link 307.

Further, the link assembly 3 further includes a right crank 310 connected to the reduction gearbox 4, one end of the right crank 310 is connected to a swing arm rotating shaft 402 on the reduction gearbox 4 in a key manner, the other end of the right crank 310 is rotatably connected to one end of a right rear link assembly 313, and the other end of the right rear link assembly 313 is rotatably connected to a shaft in the middle of the link beam 309.

Further, the space between the rotating shaft on the swing arm cam assembly 304 and the ring groove nut 311 on the punch head support 101 is tensioned by a side tension spring 312.

Further, the punching mechanism 1 further includes a gear motor 103 for driving the punching head 102 to rotate, the gear motor 103 is fixedly connected with the punching head support 101 through a motor mounting seat 104, and the punching head 102 is in key connection with an output shaft of the gear motor 103.

Further, a pit chamfering head 105 coaxial with the perforating head 102 is further arranged above the perforating head 102, an ear 106 fixedly connected with the perforating head 102 is arranged at the upper end of the pit chamfering head 105, and a plurality of groups of mounting holes 107 which are respectively connected with the ear 106 of the pit chamfering head 105 and have different heights are arranged on the perforating head 102.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: the reduction gearbox 4 runs under the drive of a power motor of the transplanter, the reduction gearbox 4 drives the swing arm cam assembly 304 to rotate through the swing arm cam rotating shaft 401 when running, the cam 305 on the swing arm cam assembly 304 intermittently extrudes the bearing on the left rear connecting rod assembly 302 when the swing arm cam assembly 304 rotates, when the cam on the swing arm cam assembly 304 intermittently extrudes the bearing on the left rear connecting rod assembly 302, the left rear connecting rod assembly 302 rotates around a rotating shaft of the left rear connecting rod assembly 302 penetrating through a bearing hole of the reduction gearbox 4, the other end of the left rear connecting rod assembly 302 swings forwards in an arc track when rotating around the rotating shaft of the left rear connecting rod assembly 302 penetrating through the bearing hole of the reduction gearbox 4, and the other end of the left rear connecting rod assembly 302 swings forwards in the arc track synchronously and in the arc track when swinging forwards, the cam disk assembly 306 connected with the other end of the left rear connecting rod assembly 302 is driven to swing forwards in the arc track. The left rear connecting rod assembly 302 rotates around the rotating shaft of the left rear connecting rod assembly 302 penetrating through the bearing hole of the reduction gearbox 4 and drives the right front connecting rod assembly 303 connected with the left rear connecting rod assembly 302 through the rotating shaft key of the bearing hole of the reduction gearbox 4 to synchronously rotate, so that the other end of the right front connecting rod assembly 303 and the triangular plate assembly 306 synchronously swing forwards in an arc track, the two lower connecting rods 307 respectively connected with the right front connecting rod assembly 303 and the triangular plate assembly 306 synchronously swing forwards in an arc track, when the triangular plate assembly 306 swings forwards in an arc track, the upper connecting rod 308, the lower connecting rod 307 connected with the triangular plate assembly and the perforating head support 101 connected with the other ends of the upper connecting rod 308 and the lower connecting rod 307 synchronously swing forwards in an arc track, meanwhile, as a connecting rod beam 309 fixed between the two lower connecting rods 307 is connected with a right crank 310 through the right rear connecting rod assembly 313, one end of the right crank 310 drives the right rear connecting rod assembly 313 to drive the connecting rod beam 309 fixedly connected with the two lower connecting rods 307 to do reciprocating curved motion when driven by the swing arm rotating shaft 402 on the reduction gearbox 4 to rotate along with the swing arm rotating shaft 402, so that the punch head support 101 fixedly connected with the other ends of the two lower connecting rods 307 of the connecting rod beam 309 always keeps vertical downward and moves along with an elliptical motion track under the combination of the motion of the right crank 310 and the motion of the triangular plate assembly 306, the punch head 102 on the punch head support 101 keeps vertical downward and moves along with the elliptical motion track, a plurality of vertical downward wells are continuously and equidistantly formed at the lower end of the punch head 102 on a ridge surface in the process of moving along with the continuous forward walking of the transplanter, and the displacement component of the punch head 102 in the walking direction is always zero in the interval from the contact with the ridge surface to the end of the separation from the ridge surface, the transplanter has effectively ensured the fashioned quality of well cellar for storing things of walking in-process and the interval between the well cellar for storing things is invariable for the transplanter can be fine with throwing into the well cellar for storing things in the well cellar for storing things, improved the quality that the tobacco seedling was transplanted greatly, need not the manual throwing seedling in later stage, effectively reduced people's intensity of labour.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a ridge face mechanism of punching which characterized in that: including punching mechanism (1) and be used for driving into punching mechanism (1) and punch actuating mechanism (2) of operation of punching, punching mechanism (1) are including punching head support (101) and install the head of punching (102) in punching head support (101) below, punch actuating mechanism (2) include with transplanter power motor connected reducing gear box (4) and be used for driving punch actuating mechanism (2) assembly and have formed center pin perpendicular decurrent oval motion trail's connecting rod assembly (3) all the time, punching mechanism (1) are connected with reducing gear box (4) in the actuating mechanism (2) of punching through connecting rod assembly (3).

2. The ridge surface punching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting rod assembly (3) comprises a left front connecting rod assembly (301), a left rear connecting rod assembly (302), a right front connecting rod assembly (303) and a swing arm cam assembly (304), one end of the left front connecting rod assembly (301) is rotationally connected with a swing arm cam rotating shaft (401) on the reduction gearbox (4), the swing arm cam assembly (304) is in key connection with the swing arm cam rotating shaft (401) on the reduction gearbox (4), the rotating shaft at one end of the left rear connecting rod assembly (302) penetrates through a bearing hole of the reduction gearbox (4) and is in key connection with one end of the right front connecting rod assembly (303) at the other side of the reduction gearbox (4), and a bearing on the left rear connecting rod assembly (302) and a cam (305) on the swing arm cam assembly (304) form a cam assembly pair.

3. The ridge surface punching mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the other end of the left front connecting rod assembly (301) and the other end of the left rear connecting rod assembly (302) are respectively and rotatably connected with two bearing holes of the triangular plate assembly (306).

4. A ridging punch mechanism as in claim 3, wherein: the connecting rod assembly (3) further comprises two lower connecting rods (307) and an upper connecting rod (308), the two lower connecting rods (307) are fixed into a whole through a connecting rod beam (309), one ends of the two lower connecting rods are respectively connected with the other end of the right front connecting rod assembly (303) and the connecting shaft of the triangular plate assembly (306) in a rotating mode, the other ends of the two lower connecting rods are respectively hinged to the triangular plate assembly (306), one ends of the upper connecting rods (308) are hinged to the triangular plate assembly (306), the other ends of the upper connecting rods (308) are hinged to the perforated plate assembly (101), and the upper connecting rods (308) are located above the lower connecting rods (307) close to one side of the triangular plate assembly (306) and are parallel to the lower connecting rods (307).

5. The ridge surface punching mechanism according to claim 4, wherein: the connecting rod assembly (3) further comprises a right crank (310) connected with the reduction gearbox (4), one end of the right crank (310) is connected with a swing arm rotating shaft (402) on the reduction gearbox (4) in a key mode, the other end of the right crank (310) is rotatably connected with one end of a right rear connecting rod assembly (313), and the other end of the right rear connecting rod assembly (313) is rotatably connected with a shaft in the middle of a connecting rod beam (309).

6. The ridge surface punching mechanism according to claim 5, wherein: the rotary shaft on the swing arm cam assembly (304) and the ring groove nut (311) on the perforating head support (101) are tensioned by a side tension spring (312).

7. The ridge surface punching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the punching mechanism (1) further comprises a speed reduction motor (103) used for driving the punching head (102) to rotate, the speed reduction motor (103) is fixedly connected with the punching head support (101) through a motor mounting seat (104), and the punching head (102) is in key connection with an output shaft of the speed reduction motor (103).

8. The ridge surface punching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper part of the punching head (102) is also provided with a pit chamfering head (105) coaxial with the punching head (102), the upper end of the pit chamfering head (105) is provided with lugs (106) fixedly connected with the punching head (102), and the punching head (102) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes (107) which are respectively same as the lugs (106) of the pit chamfering head (105) and are connected with different heights.