CN220420611U - Composite lithium battery pole piece and lithium battery - Google Patents
Composite lithium battery pole piece and lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN220420611U CN220420611U CN202320607645.6U CN202320607645U CN220420611U CN 220420611 U CN220420611 U CN 220420611U CN 202320607645 U CN202320607645 U CN 202320607645U CN 220420611 U CN220420611 U CN 220420611U
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- lithium battery
- pole piece
- current collector
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a composite lithium battery pole piece and a lithium battery. The composite lithium battery pole piece comprises a current collector, wherein an active material layer is arranged on the surface of the current collector, and a capacitor material strip layer is arranged between the current collector and the active material layer; the capacitor material strip layer is formed by coating capacitor material slurry on the surface of a current collector. According to the composite lithium battery pole piece, the capacitor material strip layer is added between the current collector and the active material layer, so that the instant response Li can be realized + Diffusion adsorption of (C) in rapid chargeThe fast-discharging battery plays a role in large-current peak leveling under the application condition of fast discharging, obviously relieves diffusion relaxation caused by large-current charging and discharging and charging and discharging electrode polarization behaviors caused by the diffusion relaxation, reduces heat release of the battery and improves voltage stability under the conditions of fast charging and fast discharging.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a composite lithium battery pole piece and a lithium battery.
Background
At present, the lithium ion battery has wide application in various application scenes requiring ultra-high power density, such as a shuttle type unmanned aerial vehicle, an electric tool, a current peak and the like. Extremely high rate discharge or charge refers to achieving extremely high specific energy output in a relatively short period of time, in particular in the form of extremely high current output. As a typical electrochemical energy storage device, during the charge and discharge process of a lithium battery, electrons and ions are transferred, and although electrons can shuttle between the positive electrode and the negative electrode through an outer loop at a very high rate, diffusion transfer of lithium ions cannot achieve a very high-speed response, or a diffusion relaxation phenomenon exists. This phenomenon of diffusion relaxation is particularly pronounced, especially when diffusing in larger particle size active materials.
Therefore, how to solve the negative effects of diffusion relaxation is of great importance for the development of lithium batteries with extremely high power densities.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the application is to provide an improved composite lithium battery pole piece and a lithium battery.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
one aspect of the application discloses a composite lithium battery pole piece, which comprises a current collector, wherein the surface of the current collector is provided with an active material layer, and a capacitor material strip layer is arranged between the current collector and the active material layer; the capacitor material strip layer is formed by coating capacitor material slurry on the surface of a current collector.
The composite of the present applicationThe inventive design of the lithium battery pole piece designs the capacitor material strip layer between the current collector and the active material layer, the capacitor material in the capacitor material strip layer can instantaneously respond to Li + The diffusion adsorption of the lithium ion battery plays a role in large current leveling under the application conditions of fast charge and fast discharge, so that the lithium ion battery has a good relieving effect on diffusion relaxation caused by large current charge and discharge, the charge-discharge electrode polarization behavior caused by lithium ion diffusion relaxation is remarkably relieved, the heat release of the battery is reduced, and the voltage stability under the conditions of fast charge and fast discharge is improved.
It should be further noted that, the key point of the present application is the design and improvement of the pole piece structure of the composite lithium battery, so that the capacitor material and the capacitor material slurry can refer to the prior art, and the existing capacitor material slurry can be directly used in the present application to form the capacitor material strip layer of the present application.
In one implementation mode of the capacitor material, the width of each strip in the capacitor material strip layer is 1mm-1.5mm, the thickness is 0.5mm-1mm, each strip is distributed in a strip shape or criss-cross grid shape, and the distance between two strips in the same direction is not more than 3mm.
In one implementation manner of the application, the capacitance material is at least one of an active carbon material, a composite material of nano metal oxide and active carbon material and a graphene-based composite material.
In one implementation of the present application, the capacitive material has a specific surface area of 100-500m 2 Activated carbon material/g.
The specific surface area is 100-500m 2 The active carbon material per gram has higher specific surface area and has instant response to Li + The diffusion adsorption effect of (2) is better, so that the diffusion adsorption effect has better diffusion relaxation relieving effect.
In one implementation of the present application, the capacitive material slurry is comprised of a capacitive material, a conductive agent, and a binder.
In one implementation of the present application, the capacitance material in the capacitance material slurry has a ratio of 90% and the conductive agent and the binder have a ratio of 5% respectively.
In one implementation mode of the application, when the composite lithium battery pole piece is a positive pole piece, the current collector is at least one of aluminum foil, carbon-coated aluminum foil and microporous aluminum foil; when the composite lithium battery pole piece is a negative pole piece, the current collector is at least one of copper foil, carbon-coated copper foil and microporous copper foil.
The other side of the application discloses a lithium battery adopting the composite lithium battery pole piece.
It should be noted that, the lithium battery of the application has better fast charge and fast discharge performance due to the adoption of the composite lithium battery pole piece of the application, and the problem of charge and discharge electrode caused by diffusion relaxation of lithium ions is relieved, so that the lithium battery has better voltage stability under the fast charge and fast discharge conditions.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the application are that:
according to the composite lithium battery pole piece, the capacitor material strip layer is added between the current collector and the active material layer, so that the instant response Li can be realized + The diffusion adsorption plays a role in large current leveling under the application conditions of fast charge and fast discharge, obviously relieves diffusion relaxation caused by the large current charge and discharge and charge-discharge electrode polarization caused by the diffusion relaxation, reduces heat release of the battery and improves voltage stability under the conditions of fast charge and fast discharge.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite lithium battery pole piece with a capacitor material strip layer in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another view angle of a composite lithium battery pole piece with a capacitor material strip layer according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The research of the application finds that the negative influence of diffusion relaxation is effectively slowed down through the optimal design of the battery pole piece structure, and the method has great significance for developing the lithium battery with extremely high power density. It is thought that the capacitive active material is capable of instantaneously responding to Li + And thus has a good alleviation effect on diffusion relaxation caused by large-current charge/discharge.
Based on the research and the knowledge, the application creatively develops a composite lithium battery pole piece structure with fast charge and fast discharge performances. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the composite lithium battery pole piece of the application comprises a current collector 1, wherein the surface of the current collector 1 is provided with an active material layer 2, and a capacitor material strip layer 3 is arranged between the current collector 1 and the active material layer 2; the capacitor material strip layer 3 is formed by coating capacitor material slurry on the surface of the current collector 1 to form uniformly-sized and uniformly-distributed strips. Fig. 1 shows a pole piece structure in which both sides of a current collector 1 are coated with a layer 3 of capacitive material and a layer 2 of active material.
The application has the composite lithium battery pole piece with the fast charging and fast discharging performances, a layer of capacitor material strip layer formed by the capacitor material strip is added between the current collector and the active material layer, the capacitor material strip plays a role in large current leveling under the fast charging and fast discharging application conditions, the charging and discharging electrodization behaviors caused by the diffusion and relaxation of lithium ions are obviously relieved, the heat release of the battery is reduced, and the voltage stability under the fast charging and fast discharging conditions is improved.
The composite lithium battery pole piece can be prepared through three steps, and is specifically as follows:
firstly, spraying capacitive active slurry on a current collector in an extrusion spraying mode, and drying and rolling in an oven to obtain the current collector coated with the capacitive material strip, namely the current collector with the capacitive material strip layer;
continuously spraying a layer of active material slurry on the current collector with the capacitor material strip layer obtained in the step one by adopting an extrusion spraying mode, and drying and rolling again to form an active material layer, namely obtaining a pole piece with the capacitor material strip layer between the current collector and the active material layer;
and thirdly, rolling and die-cutting the pole piece coated with the capacitor material strip layer and the active material layer to obtain the final composite lithium battery pole piece with both quick charge and quick discharge performances.
The composite lithium battery pole piece with the fast charging and fast discharging performances can be used for researching and developing high-performance power batteries, energy storage batteries, tool batteries, 3C consumer electronic products, unmanned aerial vehicles or lithium ion batteries of electronic cigarettes and the like. The composite lithium battery pole piece can be used for preparing a lithium ion soft package battery with better voltage stability under the conditions of quick charge and quick discharge.
The utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings by means of specific embodiments. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a conventional spray nozzle is used, and a strip having a width of about 1mm to 1.5mm can be obtained by controlling the pressure and the nozzle aperture. Experiments prove that the width of the sprayed capacitor paste strip is most uniform and the spraying stability is highest in the spraying range. Thus, in this application, the width of the spray of the strip of capacitively active material is selected to be between 1mm and 1.5mm. The thickness of the sprayed strip is typically between 1/4 and 1/3 of its width, as measured by testing, and thus the thickness of the sprayed capacitively active material paste strip is typically between 0.25mm and 0.5 mm.
In the embodiment, the width of the capacitor material strip formed by spraying the capacitor material slurry is controlled to be 1mm and the thickness is controlled to be about 0.3mm by controlling the nozzle. The composite lithium battery pole pieces with the spacing of 1.1mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 3.0mm, 3.8mm and 4.5mm are prepared by controlling the spacing between two capacitance material strips. Wherein the current collector is a conventional aluminum foil of 12 μm.
Meanwhile, the surface density of the sprayed anode active material is controlled to be 10mg cm 2 Left and right. The capacitance active material is adopted as the active carbon with high specific surface area, and the specific surface area is about 300m 2 The ratio of the capacitance material, the binder PVDF and acetylene black in the capacitance active material paste tape was 90:5:5. Pole pieces of 15mm diameter were prepared and tested in coin cells to discharge at a relatively high 10C (1c=220 mAh/g) current between 3 and 4.6V, with pole piece discharge capacity and median discharge voltage at different capacitor material paste strip spacings as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 correlation Table of strip spacing of capacitive materials and discharge capacity of pole piece 10C
| Capacitive material strip spacing/mm | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 4.5 |
| 10C discharge capacity/mAh g -1 | 192 | 190 | 189 | 187 | 172 | 169 |
| 10C discharge median voltage/V | 3.85 | 3.84 | 3.84 | 3.81 | 3.62 | 3.61 |
The results in Table 1 show that after the spacing between the two strips is greater than 3mm, the pole piece active material 10C discharge capacity and the discharge median voltage are bothSignificantly reduced, representing Li under 10C high current discharge conditions for the capacitively active material paste band + The alleviation of the ion diffusion relaxation benefits is substantially lost. Thus, the spacing between the two strips is typically within 3mm.
Example 2
In this example, we controlled the width of the capacitively-active material paste strip to be 1mm and the height to be about 0.3mm by controlling the nozzle, and the spacing between the two strips was 1.5mm. Selecting commercial active carbon materials, and screening the materials with specific surface areas of 100, 210, 310, 450, 560, 710 and 820m in sequence 2 And/g. The ratio of the capacitance material, the binder PVDF and the acetylene black in the capacitance material slurry is 90:5:5. Meanwhile, the surface density of the sprayed anode active material is controlled to be 10mg cm 2 Left and right. Wherein the current collector is a conventional aluminum foil of 12 μm. Pole pieces of 15mm diameter were prepared and tested in coin cells to discharge at a relatively high 10C (1c=220 mAh/g) current between 3-4.6V and charge at a constant 2C current and constant voltage (off current 0.05C) with the pole pieces cycled 50 turns. The discharge capacity of the pole piece, the discharge median voltage and the capacity retention after 50 cycles were recorded, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 correlation Table of specific surface area of capacitance material and electrochemical properties of pole pieces
| Specific surface area/m of capacitance material 2 g -1 | 100 | 210 | 310 | 450 | 560 | 710 | 820 |
| 10C discharge capacity/mAh g -1 | 190 | 192 | 193 | 193 | 194 | 195 | 196 |
| 10C discharge median voltage/V | 3.84 | 3.85 | 3.85 | 3.85 | 3.86 | 3.86 | 3.86 |
| Capacity retention/%after 50 cycles | 95 | 95 | 94 | 92 | 88 | 75 | 66 |
The results in Table 2 show that, although increasing the specific surface area of the capacitive active material promotes capacity exertion at 10C and median voltage increase, the specific surface area is as followsArea > 500m 2 After/g, the electrode cycle stability falls below 90%, and as the specific surface area increases, the cycle stability decreases drastically, which is detrimental to the stability of the product in use. Therefore, the specific surface area of the capacitance active material is generally 500m 2 And/g.
Further studies have shown that capacitive materials can be made from a composite of nano metal oxide and activated carbon material, or graphene-based composite, in addition to activated carbon material.
The foregoing description of the utility model has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be limiting. Several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may also be made by a person skilled in the art to which the utility model pertains, based on the idea of the utility model.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a compound lithium battery pole piece which characterized in that: the active material layer (2) is arranged on the surface of the current collector (1), and a capacitor material strip layer (3) is arranged between the current collector (1) and the active material layer (2);
the capacitor material strip layer (3) is formed by coating capacitor material slurry on the surface of the current collector (1) to form strips with uniform size and distribution.
2. The composite lithium battery pole piece of claim 1, wherein: the width of each strip in the capacitor material strip layer (3) is 1mm-1.5mm, the thickness is 0.2mm-0.5mm, each strip is distributed in a strip shape or criss-cross grid shape, and the distance between two strips in the same direction is not more than 3mm.
3. A lithium battery, characterized in that: the lithium battery adopts the composite lithium battery pole piece as claimed in claim 1 or 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320607645.6U CN220420611U (en) | 2023-03-24 | 2023-03-24 | Composite lithium battery pole piece and lithium battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320607645.6U CN220420611U (en) | 2023-03-24 | 2023-03-24 | Composite lithium battery pole piece and lithium battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220420611U true CN220420611U (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320607645.6U Active CN220420611U (en) | 2023-03-24 | 2023-03-24 | Composite lithium battery pole piece and lithium battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220420611U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-03-24 CN CN202320607645.6U patent/CN220420611U/en active Active
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Effective date of registration: 20240417 Address after: Room 603, Building 9, No.1 Boheng Second Road, Songshanhu Park, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, 523000 Patentee after: Guangdong Qiantu Battery Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: Room 407, R&D Building, Fangzheng Science and Technology Industrial Park, North Side of Songbai Road, Longteng Community, Shiyan Street, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000 Patentee before: Unnamed Battery Technology (Shenzhen) Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |