CN220190741U - Wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket - Google Patents
Wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN220190741U CN220190741U CN202321479595.4U CN202321479595U CN220190741U CN 220190741 U CN220190741 U CN 220190741U CN 202321479595 U CN202321479595 U CN 202321479595U CN 220190741 U CN220190741 U CN 220190741U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- upright post
- rear upright
- diagonal
- resistant
- adjustable support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics, and relates to a wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket. The photovoltaic bracket comprises a front upright post and a rear upright post which are vertically arranged on the concrete bottom plate, and a rear upright post diagonal bracing I positioned between the front upright post and the rear upright post; the photovoltaic board is connected with the crossbeam guide rail, installs the sloping below the guide rail, and the sloping is connected with the top of front column, rear column bracing second, rear column bracing third, front column bracing, and each part bottom is installed on the lower margin bottom plate. Wherein, the rear upright post is of a Y-shaped structure. The bottom ends of the front upright post and the rear upright post are arranged on the concrete bottom plate through the first adjustable support, so that the height can be adjusted. Topology optimization is carried out on the simplified design domain of the photovoltaic bracket under a plurality of working conditions, geometrical reconstruction is carried out on the topology optimization result, and the steel with the strength index of 1500MPa and the plasticity limit of 1200MPa is adopted for carrying out the workable design, so that the utility model is obtained. The utility model has high structural strength, can bear extremely severe weather such as strong wind and strong snow, and can be used in a large area.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics, and relates to a wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket.
Background
At present, photovoltaic power generation is the mainstream of solar power generation nowadays due to the characteristics of green, environmental protection and the like. Photovoltaic power generation refers to a power generation mode in which solar radiation is directly converted into electric energy. The construction of the photovoltaic bracket outdoors is inevitably influenced by strong wind and strong snow. The existing photovoltaic support is difficult to bear typhoon, snow storm and other extremely severe weather, so that photovoltaic equipment is damaged, and loss is caused. The utility model has high structural strength, can bear strong wind and snow storm and can be used in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket for overcoming the defects of the prior art. Can meet the use requirements of places with high wind speed in coastal areas, northwest areas and the like and snow-storm-prone areas in northeast areas and the like, has high structural strength and can be used in a large area.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a photovoltaic support of wind-resistant anti snow, includes front column 1, rear column 2, sloping 3, rear column bracing first 4, rear column bracing second 5, rear column bracing third 6, triangle connecting piece first 7, triangle connecting piece second 8, triangle connecting piece third 9, front column bracing 10, adjustable support first 11, adjustable support second 12, photovoltaic board 13, concrete bottom plate 14, crossbeam guide 15, crossbeam guide connecting piece 16, briquetting.
Each photovoltaic plate 13 is connected with a beam guide rail 15 through a pressing block, each beam guide rail 15 is connected through a beam guide rail connecting piece 16, and an inclined beam 3 is arranged below each beam guide rail 15; the lower surface of the inclined beam 3 is connected with the top ends of the front upright post 1, the rear upright post inclined strut 4, the rear upright post inclined strut 5, the rear upright post inclined strut 6 and the front upright post inclined strut 10 through triangular connecting pieces, and the bottom ends of all the components are arranged on the concrete bottom plate 14.
The front upright posts 1, the rear upright posts 2 are vertically arranged on the concrete bottom plate 14 in a tandem manner, the rear upright post diagonal braces 4 are obliquely arranged between the front upright posts 1 and the rear upright posts 2, and the inclination angle of the rear upright post diagonal braces 4 can be properly adjusted along with the adjustment heights of the front upright posts and the rear upright posts, namely, the installation positions of the upper ends and the lower ends of the upright post diagonal braces 4 are adjusted.
The bottom end of the front upright post 1 is arranged on a concrete bottom plate 14 through an adjustable support I11 and a concrete foundation bolt, and the adjustable support I11 can adjust the height of the front upright post to a proper position; the bottom of the front upright diagonal bracing 10 is arranged at the bottom of the front upright 1 through a second triangular connecting piece 8, and is obliquely arranged in front of the front upright 1.
The bottom end of the rear upright post 2 is mounted on a concrete bottom plate 14 through an adjustable support II 12 and a concrete foundation bolt, the adjustable support II 12 can adjust the height of the rear upright post to a proper position, the top end of the rear upright post 2 is connected with a rear upright post diagonal bracing II 5 and a rear upright post diagonal bracing III 6 through a triangular connecting piece III 9 and is in a Y-shaped structure, and the top ends of the rear upright post diagonal bracing II 5 and the rear upright post diagonal bracing III 6 are mounted on the lower surface of the diagonal beam 3.
Further, the front upright diagonal bracing 10 forms an included angle of 50 degrees with the ground. The inclined strut one 4 of the rear upright post forms an included angle of 42 degrees with the ground.
Further, the height of the front upright post 1 is lower than that of the rear upright post 2, and the photovoltaic panels 13 are obliquely arranged at an inclination angle (included angle with the horizontal direction of the ground) of 30-35 degrees.
Further, the photovoltaic panel 13 is made of organic glass material, the concrete bottom plate 14 is made of concrete material, and the pressing block (standard component) is made of aluminum alloy material; the novel steel material is characterized in that the front upright 1, the rear upright 2, the inclined beam 3, the rear upright inclined strut I4, the rear upright inclined strut II 5, the rear upright inclined strut III (6), the front upright inclined strut 10, the adjustable support I11, the adjustable support II 12 and the cross beam guide rail 15 are all made of steel materials with the strength index of 1500MPa and the plasticity limit of 1200 MPa.
Further, the front upright 1, the rear upright 2, the diagonal beam 3, the rear upright diagonal brace I4, the rear upright diagonal brace II 5, the rear upright diagonal brace III 6, the triangular connecting piece I7, the triangular connecting piece II 8, the triangular connecting piece III 9, the front upright diagonal brace 10, the adjustable support I11 and the adjustable support II 12 are a repeating unit, and each repeating unit is distributed at equal intervals along the direction of the transverse beam guide rail, and the interval is preferably 2000mm.
Furthermore, diagonal braces can be added between the rear uprights of adjacent repeating units for further stability enhancement.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
the utility model has high structural strength and can bear severe weather such as strong wind, strong snow and the like. Through simulation calculation and analysis, compared with the traditional photovoltaic bracket, the weight of the photovoltaic bracket designed by the utility model is reduced by 13-18%, the maximum stress is reduced by 75-85% and the maximum displacement is reduced by 80-90% under the design working condition, and the optimization effect is obvious.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall assembly view of a photovoltaic bracket.
Fig. 2 is a partial detail view of a photovoltaic bracket.
In the figure: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a front upright post 1, a rear upright post 2, a diagonal beam 3, a rear upright post diagonal brace I, a rear upright post diagonal brace II, a rear upright post diagonal brace III, a triangular connecting piece I, a triangular connecting piece II, a triangular connecting piece III, a front upright post diagonal brace 10, an adjustable support I11, an adjustable support II 12, a photovoltaic panel 13 and a concrete bottom plate 14; 15 beam guide rails, 16 beam guide rail connecting pieces, 17 pressing blocks I and 18 pressing blocks II.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present utility model in detail with reference to the technical scheme and the accompanying drawings.
A wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket comprises a front upright post 1, a rear upright post 2, a diagonal beam 3, a rear upright post diagonal brace I, a rear upright post diagonal brace II, a rear upright post diagonal brace III, a triangular connecting piece I, a triangular connecting piece II, a triangular connecting piece 9, a front upright post diagonal brace 10, an adjustable support I11, an adjustable support II 12, a photovoltaic panel 13 and a concrete bottom plate 14; 15 beam guide rails, 16 beam guide rail connecting pieces, 17 pressing blocks I and 18 pressing blocks II. Except that the 13 photovoltaic plate is made of organic glass material, the 14 concrete bottom plate is made of concrete material, the standard components 17, 18 and 18 are made of aluminum alloy material, and the other components are made of steel with the strength index of 1500MPa and the plastic limit of 1200 MPa.
Each photovoltaic panel 13 is connected with a beam guide rail 15 through a first pressing block 17 and a second pressing block 18, the beam guide rails 15 are connected through guide rail connecting pieces 16, and an inclined beam 3 is arranged below the beam guide rails 15; the lower surface of the inclined beam 3 is connected with the top ends of the front upright post 1, the rear upright post inclined strut 4, the rear upright post inclined strut 5, the rear upright post inclined strut 6 and the front upright post inclined strut 10 through triangular connecting pieces, and the bottom ends of all the components are arranged on the concrete bottom plate 14.
The distance between the outer side surfaces of the two beam guide rails at the outermost side is 80mm from the end surface of the oblique beam.
The front upright posts 1, the rear upright posts 2 are vertically arranged on the concrete bottom plate 14 one by one, the rear upright post diagonal braces 4 are obliquely arranged between the front upright posts 1 and the rear upright posts 2, and the height of the front upright posts 1 is lower than that of the rear upright posts 2. The distance between the front upright 1 and the rear upright 2 is 1830mm, and the distance between the rear upright diagonal brace I4 and the rear upright 2 is 200mm. The photovoltaic panels 13 are arranged obliquely, with an angle of inclination of 30 degrees.
The bottom end of the front upright 1 is arranged on a concrete bottom plate 14 through an adjustable support I11 and a concrete foundation bolt, the bottom end of a front upright diagonal bracing 10 is arranged at the bottom end of the front upright 1 through a triangular connecting piece II 8, and the front upright 1 is obliquely arranged in front. The front upright diagonal bracing 10 forms an included angle of 50 degrees with the ground. The bottom end of the rear upright post 2 is installed on a concrete bottom plate 14 through an adjustable support saddle II 12 and a concrete foundation bolt, the top end of the rear upright post 2 is connected with a rear upright post diagonal bracing II 5 and a rear upright post diagonal bracing III 6 through a triangular connecting piece III 9 to form a Y-shaped structure, and the top ends of the rear upright post diagonal bracing II 5 and the rear upright post diagonal bracing III 6 are installed on the lower surface of the diagonal beam 3. The inclined strut one 4 of the rear upright post forms an included angle of 42 degrees with the ground.
The novel cross beam comprises a front upright 1, a rear upright 2, a diagonal beam 3, a rear upright diagonal brace I4, a rear upright diagonal brace II 5, a rear upright diagonal brace III 6, a triangular connecting piece I7, a triangular connecting piece II 8, a triangular connecting piece III 9, a front upright diagonal brace 10, an adjustable support I11, an adjustable support II 12 as a repeating unit, wherein each repeating unit is distributed at equal intervals along the direction of a cross beam guide rail, and the interval is 2000mm.
And diagonal braces can be additionally arranged between the rear upright posts of the adjacent repeating units for further enhancing the stability.
The dimensional parameters of the components of this embodiment are as follows: fig. 1 is an overall assembly view of a photovoltaic bracket. The front column specification is 1250 x 40 x 1.5mm; post-2 specification 1600 x 20 x 1.5mm;3 diagonal beam specification 3700 x 41 x 2mm; post-4 column format is 2000 x 40 x 1.5mm; post diagonal bracing two specifications are 1100 x 20 x 1.5mm;6 rear column diagonal bracing three specifications are 623 x 20 x 1.5mm; the specification of the first triangular connecting piece is 150 x 75 x 46 x 2mm, and the first triangular connecting piece plays a role in connecting the first post diagonal brace and the concrete bottom plate; the second specification of the 8-triangle connecting piece is 150 x 75 x 26 x 2mm, and the 8-triangle connecting piece plays a role in connecting the oblique beam and the front upright post oblique stay; the specification of the 9 triangle connecting piece III is 109.5x98x2x2mmand plays a role in connecting the rear upright post diagonal bracing II, the rear upright post diagonal bracing III and the rear upright post; the specification of the front upright post diagonal bracing is 970 x 20 x 1.5mm; the specification of the first adjustable support is 250 x 180 x 80 x 3mm, and the first adjustable support plays a role in connecting the rear front upright post, the second triangular connecting piece and the concrete bottom plate; the second specification of the 12 adjustable support is 250 x 180 x 80 x 3mm, and the function of connecting the front upright post and the concrete bottom plate is achieved; the specification of the 13 photovoltaic panel is 2280 x 1134 x 35mm, and the 13 photovoltaic panel is an existing product; the 14 concrete bottom plate is 3500 x 500 x 450mm, and plays a role in fixing the bottom of the photovoltaic bracket.
Fig. 2 is a partial detail view of a photovoltaic bracket. 15 beam rail specifications are 1980 x 41 x 2mm; the specification of the 16 beam guide rail connecting piece is 250 x 45 x 43 x 2mm, and the connecting function between the beam guide rail and the beam guide rail is achieved; the first pressing block 17 is 45-41 mm in specification, the second pressing block 18 is 40-35-8 mm in specification, the photovoltaic panel and the beam guide rail are connected, specifically, the first pressing block is pressed on the long edge of the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, the second pressing block is clamped in the beam guide rail, and the first pressing block is connected with the second pressing block through bolts, so that the photovoltaic panel is connected with the beam guide rail.
Intensity verification for this example:
the stress problem of the photovoltaic support structure under the transverse wind load pressure, the longitudinal snow load pressure and the longitudinal gravity load is simplified into a 2D plane problem, the simplified load loads the top structure in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, and the load is set to be different in proportion to serve as a design and verification working condition. Topology optimization is carried out on simplified design domains under a plurality of working conditions, geometrical reconstruction is carried out on topology optimization results, steel with the strength index of 1500MPa and the plasticity limit of 1200MPa is adopted for carrying out workable design, and finally the photovoltaic bracket with high strength, wind resistance and snow resistance is adopted. Through simulation calculation and analysis, compared with the traditional photovoltaic bracket, the weight of the photovoltaic bracket designed by the utility model is reduced by 13-18%, the maximum stress is reduced by 75-85% and the maximum displacement is reduced by 80-90% under the design working condition, and the optimization effect is obvious. Specifically, in the embodiment, the maximum stress area of the photovoltaic panel is used for applying 1500N horizontal load per square meter to the windward side of the photovoltaic panel to simulate strong wind, and the maximum stress of the photovoltaic bracket is 354.8MPa and the maximum displacement of the photovoltaic bracket is 7.985mm under the working condition; and applying 200N vertical load per square meter to the photovoltaic panel to simulate heavy snow with the maximum stress area of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the maximum stress of the photovoltaic bracket is 92.50MPa and the maximum displacement is 1.993mm under the working condition.
The examples described above represent only embodiments of the utility model and are not to be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the utility model, it being pointed out that several variants and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the utility model, which fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. The wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket is characterized by comprising a front upright post (1), a rear upright post (2), an inclined beam (3), a rear upright post inclined strut I (4), a rear upright post inclined strut II (5), a rear upright post inclined strut III (6), a front upright post inclined strut (10), an adjustable support I (11), an adjustable support II (12), a photovoltaic panel (13), a concrete bottom plate (14) and a beam guide rail (15);
each photovoltaic panel (13) is connected with a beam guide rail (15) through a pressing block, each beam guide rail (15) is connected through a beam guide rail connecting piece (16), and an inclined beam (3) is arranged below each beam guide rail (15); the lower surface of the inclined beam (3) is connected with the top ends of the front upright post (1), the rear upright post inclined strut I (4), the rear upright post inclined strut II (5), the rear upright post inclined strut III (6) and the front upright post inclined strut (10) through triangular connecting pieces, and the bottom ends of all the components are arranged on a concrete bottom plate (14);
the front upright posts (1) and the rear upright posts (2) are vertically arranged on the concrete bottom plate (14) in a front-back mode, the rear upright post diagonal braces (4) are obliquely arranged between the front upright posts (1) and the rear upright posts (2), and the inclination angles of the rear upright post diagonal braces (4) can be properly adjusted along with the adjustment heights of the front upright posts and the rear upright posts;
the bottom end of the front upright post (1) is arranged on a concrete bottom plate (14) through an adjustable support I (11) and a concrete foundation bolt, and the adjustable support I (11) can adjust the height of the front upright post to a proper position; the bottom end of the front upright post diagonal brace (10) is arranged at the bottom end of the front upright post (1) through a triangle connecting piece II (8), and is obliquely arranged in front of the front upright post (1);
the bottom of the rear upright post (2) is installed on a concrete bottom plate (14) through an adjustable support II (12) and a concrete foundation bolt, the adjustable support II (12) can adjust the height of the rear upright post to a proper position, the top of the rear upright post (2) is connected with a rear upright post diagonal bracing II (5) and a rear upright post diagonal bracing III (6) through a triangular connecting piece III (9) and is in a Y-shaped structure, and the top ends of the rear upright post diagonal bracing II (5) and the rear upright post diagonal bracing III (6) are installed on the lower surface of the diagonal beam (3).
2. The wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, wherein the front upright diagonal (10) forms an included angle of 50 degrees with the ground; the inclined strut I (4) of the rear upright post forms an included angle of 42 degrees with the ground.
3. A wind-and snow-resistant photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that the front uprights (1) are lower than the rear uprights (2), and the photovoltaic panels (13) are arranged obliquely, with an angle of 30-35 degrees to the ground horizontal.
4. A wind-and snow-resistant photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that said photovoltaic panel (13) is of organic glass material; the concrete bottom plate (14) is made of concrete materials; the pressing block is made of aluminum alloy; the novel steel material is characterized in that the novel steel material is prepared from a front upright (1), a rear upright (2), a sloping (3), a rear upright diagonal brace I (4), a rear upright diagonal brace II (5), a rear upright diagonal brace III (6), a front upright diagonal brace (10), an adjustable support I (11), an adjustable support II (12) and a cross beam guide rail (15) by adopting steel materials with strength index of 1500MPa and plastic limit of 1200 MPa.
5. The wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, wherein the front upright (1), the rear upright (2), the diagonal beam (3), the rear upright diagonal strut one (4), the rear upright diagonal strut two (5), the rear upright diagonal strut three (6), the front upright diagonal strut (10), the adjustable support one (11) and the adjustable support two (12) are a repeating unit, and each repeating unit is arranged at equal intervals along the direction of the beam guide rail.
6. A wind and snow resistant photovoltaic module according to claim 5 wherein diagonal braces may be added between the rear uprights of adjacent repeat units for further stability.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202321479595.4U CN220190741U (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2023-06-12 | Wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202321479595.4U CN220190741U (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2023-06-12 | Wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN220190741U true CN220190741U (en) | 2023-12-15 |
Family
ID=89108837
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202321479595.4U Active CN220190741U (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2023-06-12 | Wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN220190741U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-06-12 CN CN202321479595.4U patent/CN220190741U/en active Active
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102655382B (en) | Photovoltaic device | |
CN202564408U (en) | Angle adjustable solar cell panel support and solar cell panel installation system | |
CN110011598B (en) | Prestressed double-layer suspension cable photovoltaic bracket | |
CN2593367Y (en) | Solar cell mounting structure | |
US20160134228A1 (en) | A photovotaic array with floating raft foundations | |
CN220190741U (en) | Wind-resistant and snow-resistant photovoltaic bracket | |
CN221842476U (en) | High-strength photovoltaic bracket | |
CN215528920U (en) | A photovoltaic mounting system with adjustable be used for pasting of concrete roof | |
CN108400756B (en) | Large-span flexible support double-glass photovoltaic system | |
CN202839658U (en) | Photovoltaic support with adjustable inclination angle | |
CN212671047U (en) | Novel roof photovoltaic support | |
CN210530504U (en) | Multifunctional protective railing for construction site | |
CN202473949U (en) | Full angle iron ground/flat roof solar cell panel installing support | |
CN202064535U (en) | Support for mounting solar photovoltaic module | |
CN220570475U (en) | Photovoltaic power generation equipment | |
CN219960457U (en) | Floor type photovoltaic bracket made of brown fiber composite material | |
CN219999263U (en) | Photovoltaic bracket for concrete roof | |
CN220156435U (en) | Corrosion-resistant high-strength photovoltaic bracket for roof | |
CN101259896B (en) | Assembly for transporting windmill generator vane and using method thereof | |
CN202231031U (en) | Fixed support of photovoltaic amorphous silicon thin-film module | |
CN217563611U (en) | Install flood control group's string formula dc-to-ac converter and collection flow box support on photovoltaic support purlin | |
CN212641977U (en) | Herringbone photovoltaic support mounting system | |
CN220475661U (en) | Socket type photovoltaic bracket | |
CN221784071U (en) | Install in photovoltaic support of factory building outer wall | |
CN218549805U (en) | Double-slope roof photovoltaic support structure |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |