CN220185032U

CN220185032U - Shaft-torsion composite impact drilling speed-increasing tool

Info

Publication number: CN220185032U
Application number: CN202321402056.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 亚森江加入拉; 崔鹏飞; 袁逸萍; 许晨星
Original assignee: Xinjiang University
Current assignee: Xinjiang University
Priority date: 2023-06-05
Filing date: 2023-06-05
Publication date: 2023-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-05

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of downhole tools for petroleum drilling, in particular to a shaft-torsion compound impact drilling speed-increasing tool which comprises a bypass valve, an anti-drop connector, a valve plate, an anti-drop nut, an anti-drop connecting rod, a driving device, a rotor connector, a transmission device, a shell, an axial impact assembly, an impact anvil and a drill bit shaft, wherein a valve sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of a valve body in a limiting way, and a first limiting ring table is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the valve body. The utility model has reasonable and compact structure, and the eccentric flow distribution holes arranged on the flow distribution plate can periodically block the flow distribution holes by the rotating flow distribution block, so that the flow of fluid entering the driving device is simple harmonic fluctuation, and the torque output by the driving device forms torsional impact; the axial impact assembly periodically reciprocates up and down along with the rotation of the transmission device, downward pulse impact force is applied to the drill bit shaft in the drilling process, the impact frequency can be adjusted by increasing the number of the axial impact assemblies, the stratum adaptability of the tool is improved, and the drilling device has the characteristics of reliability, stability and good rock breaking effect.

Description

Shaft-torsion composite impact drilling speed-increasing tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of downhole tools for petroleum drilling, in particular to a shaft-torsion composite impact drilling speed-increasing tool.

Background

Along with the longitudinal development of petroleum exploration, the inter-strata are frequent, the drilling rate of complex stratum is high, the hardness of rock in the stratum is high, the abrasive performance is strong, the drillability level value is high, the drill bit is difficult to eat, the stick-slip vibration is serious, the complex drilling time is long, the mechanical drilling speed is low, and the oil and gas exploration and development speed and cost are seriously restricted. The mechanical drilling speed of the deep well hard stratum drilling is improved, the drilling times are reduced, and a plurality of impact drilling tools are researched and developed by students at home and abroad aiming at the impact drilling technology. In the drilling process of a deep well hard stratum, the PDC drill bit can generate the condition that rock cannot be broken due to insufficient torque, at the moment, the drill string is twisted, elastic potential energy is stored until the drill bit overcomes drilling resistance, energy in the drill string is released instantly, and the drill string and the drill bit generate severe vibration ('stick-slip' vibration) so that the drill bit is worn.

In oil and gas exploration and development, a torsion impactor is often adopted to be matched with a PDC drill bit to reduce the generation of 'stick-slip' vibration, so that the drilling speed of the drill bit on a deep well hard stratum is improved. Most of currently used impactors are TorkBuster, domestic screw drilling tools, turbine type torsion impactors and the like only can generate unidirectional torsion impact, and uneven stress on one side of an impact mechanism can cause eccentric wear failure. The torsional impactor can generate torsional impact vibration so as to assist the drill bit to break rock, but has almost no accelerating effect when facing the situation that the hard stratum cutting teeth cannot be penetrated or the drill bit such as a high inclination, a horizontal section and the like cannot enter. Increasing bit penetration depth, reducing or eliminating stick-slip vibration is an effective means of improving drilling efficiency. Through researches, the conventional axial impact tool and the conventional torsional impact tool have the defects that the speed-up effect of a mutually-layered frequent or high-grinding stratum is not ideal, the rock is more easily subjected to brittle fracture under the torsional impact cutting action in a hard stratum, the invasion capacity of a drill bit is improved, and the drill bit balling is easily caused by rock scraps with smaller sizes generated in a softer stratum. Axial impact can increase the cutting depth of the PDC drill bit, but the increased resistance torque can cause torsional vibration of the drill bit, and the drill bit is easy to collapse.

Although the existing single-dimensional impact drilling tool can provide axial or torsional impact force for a drill bit to a certain extent and achieve a certain accelerating effect, the application effect is not ideal. The technical problems are as follows: 1. only one-dimensional impact can be provided; 2. the axial impact tool causes torsional vibration of the drill bit, which in turn causes a risk of tooth collapse of the drill bit; 3. the structure of a plurality of reversing ports is designed, so that the whole structure is complex and is easy to be damaged by erosion; 4. the existing impact tool is complex in structure due to mechanical impact structure design, sealing rings and other structures, and the structures are easy to damage, so that the service life of the tool is short, and maintenance is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a shaft-torsion composite impact drilling acceleration tool, which overcomes the defects of the prior art and can effectively solve the problems of single impact mode and complex structure of the prior impact device.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized by the following measures: the utility model provides a shaft torsion compound impact drilling speed-increasing tool, which comprises a valve body, a valve spool, a valve housing, a reset spring, an anti-drop joint, a valve plate, an anti-drop nut, an anti-drop connecting rod, a driving device, a rotor joint, a transmission device, a shell, an axial impact assembly, an impact anvil and a drill bit shaft, wherein the valve housing is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the valve body in a limiting manner, a first limiting ring table is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the valve body, a valve spool with the upper end propped against the lower side of the first limiting ring table is arranged in the valve housing, a reset spring is arranged between the valve spool and the valve housing, at least one inner bypass hole is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the valve spool corresponding to the position above the valve housing, and an outer bypass hole is arranged on the outer side of the valve body corresponding to the position of the inner bypass hole; the outer side of the lower end of the valve body is provided with an outer cylinder, the inner side of the upper part of the outer cylinder is provided with a second limiting ring table, the upper seat of the second limiting ring table is provided with a valve plate, the upper end of the valve plate is propped against the lower side of the valve body, the middle part of the valve plate is provided with a valve plate which is vertically through and eccentrically arranged, and the valve plate corresponding to the outer side of the valve plate is provided with a plurality of vertically through flow holes; the middle part of the outer cylinder is provided with an anti-falling nut and an anti-falling connecting rod, the upper end of the anti-falling connecting rod is connected with the anti-falling nut through threads, the lower end of the anti-falling connecting rod is connected with a driving device through threads, the anti-falling nut rotates to periodically block a flow distribution hole on a flow distribution plate, the lower part of the driving device is provided with a rotor joint, the lower end of the rotor joint is connected with a transmission device through threads, a plurality of liquid inlet holes are circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the upper part of the rotor joint, the lower end of the transmission device is provided with an axial impact assembly capable of periodically reciprocating up and down along with the rotation of the driving device, the lower end of the axial impact assembly is fixedly provided with a drill bit shaft, the lower end of the drill bit shaft is positioned below the outer cylinder, and an impact anvil is arranged on the outer side of the position between the corresponding drill bit shaft and the axial impact assembly.

The following are further optimizations and/or improvements to the above-described inventive solution:

the axial impact assembly can comprise a center rod, an elliptic orbit disc body, a roller, an impact anvil and a heavy hammer, wherein the center rod drives the elliptic orbit disc body to rotate along with the rotation of the driving device, the roller drives the heavy hammer to reciprocate up and down along the elliptic orbit disc body, the impact anvil is arranged at the groove position at the upper end of the drill bit shaft, and the heavy hammer reciprocates up and down to impact the spring.

The outer cylinder can comprise an anti-drop joint, a driving outer cylinder, a transmission outer cylinder and an axial impact outer cylinder which are sequentially and fixedly installed from top to bottom, wherein the driving device comprises a bushing, a rotor and a rotor joint, the inner side of the driving outer cylinder is provided with the bushing, the rotor which is in transmission connection with the lower end of the anti-drop connecting rod is arranged in the bushing, the transmission device and the axial impact assembly are arranged in the axial impact outer cylinder, the lower end of the rotor is connected with the upper connector of the transmission device through the rotor joint, and the lower end of the transmission device is in transmission connection with the upper end of the axial impact assembly through the lower transmission connector.

The track of the elliptic track disc body is in an elliptic revolution structure.

The utility model has reasonable and compact structure and convenient use, and the eccentric flow distribution holes are arranged on the flow distribution plate, so that the rotating anti-drop nuts can periodically block the flow distribution holes, the fluid flow entering the driving device is simple harmonic fluctuation, and the torque output by the driving device forms torsional impact; through setting up axial impact subassembly, it can rotate and periodic up-and-down reciprocating motion along with transmission to the drill bit axle receives decurrent impulse impact effort in the drilling process, and can realize impact frequency adjustment through increasing axial impact subassembly quantity, improve the stratum adaptability of instrument, have reliable, stable and broken rock effectual characteristics.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional front view of the first embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic front sectional view of embodiment 1 to 4 of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front sectional view of the third section of embodiments 1 to 4 of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the port plate of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the axial impingement assembly of fig. 3.

The codes in the drawings are respectively: 1 is a valve body, 2 is a valve core, 3 is a valve sleeve, 4 is an anti-drop joint, 5 is a valve plate, 6 is a valve orifice, 7 is an anti-drop nut, 8 is an anti-drop connecting rod, 9 is a stator housing, 10 is a bushing, 11 is a rotor, 12 is a rotor joint, 13 is a transmission outer cylinder, 14 is a transmission upper transmission joint, 15 is a ball seat, 16 is a ball, 17 is a semi-ring, 18 is a compression ring, 19 is a throat hoop, 20 is a connecting rod, 21 is a liquid inlet hole, 22 is a transmission lower joint, 23 is a pressure-bearing gasket, 24 is an axial impact outer cylinder, 25 is a center rod, 26 is a heavy hammer, 27 is a roller, 28 is an elliptic track disk body, 29 is a drill bit shaft, 30 is an impact anvil, 31 is an upper moving sleeve, 32 is a sealing ring, 33 is a serial bearing, 34 is an anti-drop pressure cap, 35 is an adjusting gasket, 36 is a lower static sleeve, and 37 is a lower moving sleeve.

Description of the embodiments

The present utility model is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments can be determined according to the technical scheme and practical situations of the present utility model.

In the present utility model, for convenience of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of each component is described according to the layout manner of fig. 1 of the specification, for example: the positional relationship of the front, rear, upper, lower, left, right, etc. is determined in accordance with the layout direction of the drawings of the specification.

The utility model is further described below with reference to examples and figures:

example 1: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the shaft-torsion composite impact drilling acceleration tool comprises a valve body 1, a valve core 2, a valve sleeve 3, an anti-drop joint 4, a valve plate 5, a valve hole 6, an anti-drop nut 7, an anti-drop connecting rod 8, a driving outer cylinder 9, a bushing 10, a rotor 11, a rotor joint 12, a driving outer cylinder 13, an upper driving joint 14 of a driving device, a ball seat 15, a ball 16, a semi-ring 17, a compression ring 18, a throat hoop 19, a connecting rod 20, a liquid inlet 21, a lower driving joint 22 of the driving device, a pressure-bearing gasket 23, an axial impact outer cylinder 24, a central rod 25, a heavy hammer 26, a roller 27, an elliptic track disc 28, a drill bit shaft 29, an impact anvil 30, an upper movable sleeve 31, a sealing ring 32, a serial bearing 33, an anti-drop cap 34, an adjusting gasket 35, a lower static sleeve 36 and a lower movable sleeve 37, wherein the valve sleeve 3 is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the valve body 1, a first limiting ring table is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the valve body 1, a valve core 2 with an upper end propping against the lower side of the first limiting ring table is arranged in the valve sleeve 3, a valve core 2 arranged between the valve sleeves 2 and 3, a reset spring is arranged between the valve sleeves 2 and 3, the valve core 2 and the valve sleeve 3 is provided with a bypass hole 201 corresponding to the inner side of the valve body 1; an outer cylinder is arranged at the outer side of the lower end of the valve body 1, a second limiting ring table is arranged at the inner side of the upper part of the outer cylinder, a valve plate 5 with the upper end propped against the lower side of the valve body 1 is arranged on the upper seat of the second limiting ring table, a valve plate 5 is provided with a valve hole 6 which is penetrated up and down and is eccentrically arranged at the middle part, and a plurality of through holes 501 which are penetrated up and down are arranged on the valve plate 5 corresponding to the outer side of the valve hole 6; the middle part of the outer cylinder is provided with a driving device, the upper part of the driving device is provided with an anti-drop connecting rod 8, the upper end of the anti-drop connecting rod 8 is provided with an anti-drop nut 7 capable of periodically plugging the distribution hole 6 through rotation, the lower part of the driving device is provided with a rotor joint 13, the lower end of the rotor joint 13 is fixedly provided with a transmission joint 14 on the transmission device, the outer side of the upper part of the rotor joint 13 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes, the outer side of the middle part of a transmission joint 22 under the transmission device is provided with an axial impact component (a center rod 25, a heavy hammer 26, a roller 27 and an elliptic orbit disk 28) capable of periodically reciprocating up and down along with the rotation of the transmission device, the lower end of the axial impact component is connected with a drill bit shaft 29 through a key, and an impact anvil 30 is arranged in a groove corresponding to the position between the drill bit shaft 29 and the axial impact component. During the use, through setting up the inner bypass hole 201 and the outer bypass hole 101, the valve core 2 can be propped against the lower side of the first limiting ring table under the action of the reset spring when tripping, so that the inner bypass hole 201 and the outer bypass hole 101 are communicated, drilling fluid flows out or enters the drill string to balance the liquid column pressure difference inside and outside the drill string, and after the pump is started, the drilling fluid passes through the valve core 2 and presses down the valve core 2 to compress the reset spring, so that the communication between the inner bypass hole 201 and the outer bypass hole 101 is blocked, and the drilling fluid flows to the lower driving device; the eccentric flow distribution holes 6 are arranged on the flow distribution plate 5, so that the rotating anti-drop nuts 7 can periodically block the flow distribution holes 6, the flow of fluid entering the driving device is simple harmonic fluctuation, and the torque output by the driving device forms torsional impact; by arranging the axial impact assembly, the central rod 25 and the elliptic orbit disc 28 can rotate along with the transmission joint 22 under the transmission device, and the roller 27 rolls on the elliptic surface of the elliptic orbit disc 28 to realize the periodical up-and-down reciprocating motion of the heavy hammer 26, so that the drill bit shaft 29 receives downward pulse impact force in the drilling process; by arranging the valve plate 5, the anti-drop nut 7 and the axial impact assembly, torsion impact and axial impact are realized, complex flow channel design and reversing pipe water inlet groove design are avoided, power and impact force are directly transmitted to the drill bit, the transmission of impact energy is improved, the rock breaking effect of the drill bit is further improved, and the purposes of accelerating and improving efficiency and shortening the drilling period are realized; by providing the anvil 30, axial impact energy storage and bit shaft reset of the axial impact assembly is facilitated. The driving means may be a screw motor, as required.

The shaft-torsion composite impact drilling acceleration tool can be further optimized or/and improved according to actual needs:

example 2: as shown in fig. 3, the axial impact assembly comprises a central rod 25, a heavy hammer 26, a roller 27, an elliptic track disc 28 and an impact anvil 30, wherein the outer side of the middle part of the central rod 25 is connected with the elliptic track disc 28 through spline connection transmission, the upper surface and the lower surface of the elliptic track disc 28 are elliptic track surfaces, the roller 27 is connected with the heavy hammer 26 through threads, the roller 27 rolls along the upper elliptic track surface and the lower elliptic track surface of the elliptic track disc 28 to drive the heavy hammer 26 to reciprocate up and down, the lower end of the central rod 25 is connected with a transmission drill bit shaft 29 through a key connection mode, and the impact anvil 30 is arranged in a groove at the upper end of the drill bit shaft 29. In the use process, the driving device drives the center rod 25 and the drill bit shaft 29 to rotate through the transmission device, the center rod 25 drives the elliptic orbit disc 28 to rotate, the roller 27 rolls along the upper and lower elliptic orbit surfaces of the elliptic orbit disc 28 to drive the heavy hammer 26 to reciprocate up and down, the heavy hammer 26 reciprocates up and down to impact the anvil 30, high-frequency impact force is provided for the drill bit shaft 29, and periodic up and down reciprocating driving of the drill bit shaft 29 is realized; by arranging the elliptic track disc 28 at the longitudinal distance of the central rod 25, enough stroke can be generated to meet the rock breaking requirement of the downstream drill bit, and the rock breaking device has the characteristics of good stability, fewer wearing parts and good rock breaking effect. According to the requirement, the number of the weights 26 and the rollers 27 arranged in the circumferential direction can be set according to the requirement of the axial impact frequency, so that the impact frequency adjusting function is realized.

Example 3: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the outer cylinder comprises an anti-drop joint 4, a driving outer cylinder 9, a transmission outer cylinder 13 and an axial impact outer cylinder 24 which are sequentially and fixedly installed from top to bottom, the driving device comprises a bushing 10, a rotor 11 and a rotor joint 12, the inner side of the driving outer cylinder is provided with the bushing 10, the rotor 11 which is in transmission connection with the lower end of the anti-drop connecting rod 8 is arranged in the bushing 10, an axial impact assembly is arranged in the axial impact outer cylinder 24, the lower end of the rotor 11 is connected with an upper connector 14 of the transmission device through the rotor joint 12, and the lower end of the transmission device is in transmission connection with the upper end of the axial impact assembly through a lower transmission connector 22. In use, by such arrangement, the driving device is conveniently and stably connected with the valve plate 5, the drop nut 7, the drop connecting rod 8 and the lower transmission connector 22 respectively.

Example 4: as shown in fig. 1, the drop prevention nut 7 is an eccentric revolution structure. In the use process, through the arrangement, the anti-drop nut 7 which is convenient to rotate periodically plugs the flow distribution hole 6, so that the flow of fluid entering the driving device is simple harmonic fluctuation, and the torque output by the driving device forms torsional impact.

Example 5: as shown in fig. 5, the tracks of the elliptical track disk 28 are in an elliptical solid of revolution configuration. In use, by this arrangement, the roller 27 is facilitated to roll on the elliptical track surface, so that the circumferential rotational motion of the driving device is converted into the up-and-down reciprocating impact motion of the weight 26, and the torque output by the driving device forms an axial impact.

The technical characteristics form the embodiment of the utility model, have stronger adaptability and implementation effect, and can increase or decrease unnecessary technical characteristics according to actual needs so as to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a shaft torsion compound impact drilling speed-increasing tool which is characterized by comprising a valve body, a valve core, a valve housing, a reset spring, an anti-drop joint, a valve plate, an anti-drop nut, an anti-drop connecting rod, a driving device, a rotor joint, a transmission device, a shell, an axial impact assembly, an impact anvil and a drill bit shaft, wherein the valve housing is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the valve body in a limiting way, a first limiting ring table is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the valve body, a valve core with the upper end propped against the lower side of the first limiting ring table is arranged in the valve housing, a reset spring is arranged between the valve core and the valve housing, at least one inner bypass hole is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the valve core corresponding to the position of the valve housing, and an outer bypass hole is arranged on the outer side of the valve body corresponding to the position of the inner bypass hole; the outer side of the lower end of the valve body is provided with an outer cylinder, the inner side of the upper part of the outer cylinder is provided with a second limiting ring table, the upper seat of the second limiting ring table is provided with a valve plate, the upper end of the valve plate is propped against the lower side of the valve body, the middle part of the valve plate is provided with a valve plate which is vertically through and eccentrically arranged, and the valve plate corresponding to the outer side of the valve plate is provided with a plurality of vertically through flow holes; the middle part of the outer cylinder is provided with an anti-falling nut and an anti-falling connecting rod, the upper end of the anti-falling connecting rod is connected with the anti-falling nut through threads, the lower end of the anti-falling connecting rod is connected with a driving device through threads, the anti-falling nut rotates to periodically block a flow distribution hole on a flow distribution plate, the lower part of the driving device is provided with a rotor joint, the lower end of the rotor joint is connected with a transmission device through threads, a plurality of liquid inlet holes are circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the upper part of the rotor joint, the lower end of the transmission device is provided with an axial impact assembly capable of periodically reciprocating up and down along with the rotation of the driving device, the lower end of the axial impact assembly is fixedly provided with a drill bit shaft, the lower end of the drill bit shaft is positioned below the outer cylinder, and an impact anvil is arranged on the outer side of the position between the corresponding drill bit shaft and the axial impact assembly.

2. The tool of claim 1, wherein the axial impact assembly comprises a central rod, an elliptic orbit disc, a roller, an impact anvil and a heavy hammer, the central rod rotates along with the driving device to drive the elliptic orbit disc to rotate, the roller moves along the elliptic orbit disc to drive the heavy hammer to reciprocate up and down, the impact anvil is arranged at a groove position at the upper end of the drill bit shaft, and the heavy hammer reciprocates up and down to impact the spring.

3. The shaft-torsion composite impact drilling acceleration tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer barrel comprises an anti-drop joint, a driving outer barrel, a transmission outer barrel and an axial impact outer barrel which are fixedly installed together in sequence from top to bottom, the driving device comprises a bushing, a rotor and a rotor joint, the inner side of the driving outer barrel is provided with the bushing, the rotor which is in transmission connection with the lower end of the anti-drop connecting rod is arranged in the bushing, the transmission device and the axial impact assembly are arranged in the axial impact outer barrel, the lower end of the rotor is connected with an upper connector of the transmission device through the rotor joint, and the lower end of the transmission device is in transmission connection with the upper end of the axial impact assembly through a lower transmission connector.

4. The shaft-torsion composite impact drilling acceleration tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the track of the elliptical track disc is in an elliptical revolution structure.

5. The composite torsional impact drilling acceleration tool of claim 3, wherein the drop nut is in an eccentric rotary structure.