CN114961568A - Multidirectional oscillation impact screw drill - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of oil and natural gas drilling equipment, in particular to a multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool, comprising a bypass valve assembly, a torsional oscillation assembly, a motor assembly and a drive shaft assembly which are connected in sequence from top to bottom and an axial oscillation assembly, the bypass valve assembly is used to open or block the drilling fluid from entering the torsional oscillation assembly; the torsional oscillation assembly is used to periodically change the flow rate of the drilling fluid entering the motor assembly; The motor assembly is used to convert the hydraulic power of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy that drives the transmission shaft assembly to rotate around its central axis; the transmission shaft assembly is used to drive the axial oscillation assembly to rotate axially, and the axial The bottom end of the oscillating assembly is connected to the drill bit for converting the fluid energy of the drilling fluid into an axial impact force on the drill bit. The beneficial effect of the invention is that it can generate large rotary cutting torque, axial oscillating impact and torsional oscillating load at the same time, assist in rock breaking, and relieve the phenomenon of "supporting pressure" of the drill string.

Description

A multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool

technical field

The invention relates to the field of oil and natural gas drilling equipment, in particular to a multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool.

Background technique

With the development of exploration and development to deep and unconventional fields, hard strata are widely distributed and the length of the horizontal section increases, resulting in a substantial decrease in the ROP of conventional drilling, which seriously restricts the development progress of oil and gas resources. The slow speed of mechanical drilling is a comprehensive problem, which contains many factors. In the final analysis, the rock-breaking energy transmitted to the drill bit is not enough. In the process of drilling a horizontal well, the rock is mainly broken by the rotation of the drill bit. The weight on bit is the pressure acting on the drill bit, and it is an important parameter to ensure the depth of the drill bit into the rock. In order to ensure the drilling efficiency, it is necessary to have enough The WOB is transmitted to the drill bit. The WOB is transmitted through the drill string, and during the drilling process in the horizontal section, part of the drill string directly contacts the well wall under the action of gravity. The frictional resistance between them is absorbed, thereby greatly reducing the axial pressure transmitted to the drill bit, the so-called "support pressure" phenomenon. An important reason for the phenomenon of "supporting pressure" of the drill string is that the downward movement speed of the drill string is relatively low, so that the relative movement speed between the drill string and the well wall is low, which can be considered as quasi-static in some positions. The "support pressure" problem needs to break the quasi-static between the drill string and the well wall. At the same time, in the process of drilling horizontal wells, due to the need of wellbore trajectory control, downhole power drilling tools are a necessary tool. When drilling into hard strata, the conventional rotary rock-breaking efficiency is limited. Impact rock breaking is a speed-increasing method for hard strata, but the use of impact rock breaking directly with downhole power drilling tools will affect the service life of downhole power drilling tools.

The rock breaking efficiency and ROP are low in hard strata, which often causes stick-slip vibration of PDC bits, which causes the cutting teeth of PDC bits to collapse and fail prematurely, which affects the ROP. However, the lengthening of the horizontal section will make the wellbore cleaning worse, and the frictional resistance between the drilling tool and the well wall will easily make the WOB unable to be transmitted to the drill bit, which is the so-called "supporting pressure" phenomenon, resulting in tripping. Frequent drilling will seriously affect the drilling time.

At present, "downhole power drilling tool + PDC bit" has become the standard configuration for speed-up in drilling sites, and has achieved good application results to a certain extent. The commonly used downhole power drilling tools in the field mainly include screw drilling tools, turbo drilling tools, hydraulic Oscillators and speed-up tools for percussive drilling, etc. However, in view of the more complicated drilling conditions brought about by hard formations and long horizontal sections, the deficiencies of the existing power drilling tools are gradually emerging. For example, the ROP of the screw drilling tool in hard ground is low, and the friction near the drill bit cannot be reduced; the rotating speed of the turbo drilling tool is too high, the output torque is small, and the "grinding" can only be used to cooperate with the impregnated drill bit. The rock breaking method has relatively low efficiency; the hydraulic oscillator can only oscillate the drill string at the upper end of the tool; it cannot realize the oscillation near the drill bit, so it cannot reduce the friction resistance near the drill bit; the torsional percussion drilling tool cannot cooperate with other speed increase The tool is used, and the cutting depth is not enough when drilling into hard ground with the PDC bit, etc.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool, which can provide constant cutting torque and rotational speed downhole for direct rock breaking, reduce friction near the drill bit, and provide high-frequency and low-amplitude oscillating impact.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool, comprising a bypass valve assembly, a torsional oscillation assembly, a motor assembly, a drive shaft assembly and an axial oscillation assembly, the The bottom end of the bypass valve assembly is connected to the top end of the torsional oscillation assembly for opening or blocking drilling fluid from entering the torsional oscillation assembly; the bottom end of the torsional oscillation assembly is connected to the top end of the motor assembly It is used to periodically change the flow rate of drilling fluid entering the motor assembly, so as to periodically change the rotational speed of the motor assembly so that the motor assembly generates torsional oscillation; the bottom end of the motor assembly is connected to the transmission The top end of the shaft assembly is connected to convert the hydraulic power of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy that drives the drive shaft assembly to rotate around its central axis; the bottom end of the drive shaft assembly is connected to the top end of the axial oscillation assembly for In order to drive the axial oscillating assembly to rotate axially, the bottom end of the axial oscillating assembly is connected to the drill bit for converting the fluid energy of the drilling fluid into an axial impact force on the drill bit.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: combined with multi-directional oscillation, it can simultaneously generate larger rotary cutting torque, axial oscillation impact and torsional oscillation load, assist in rock breaking, and reduce horizontal well drilling while ensuring rock breaking efficiency. It can effectively suppress the stick-slip vibration of the PDC bit and relieve the "support pressure" phenomenon of the drill string. The tool can effectively deal with the technical difficulties of drilling caused by hard strata and long horizontal sections, improve drilling efficiency, increase the footage of a single trip, and shorten the drilling cycle.

On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

Further, the bypass valve assembly includes a bypass valve body, a valve core, a sieve plate and a valve sleeve, the bottom end of the bypass valve body is in sealing and fixed communication with the top end of the torsional oscillation assembly, and the valve sleeve The valve core is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bypass valve body, the valve core is sealed and slidably arranged in the bypass valve body and is located vertically above the valve sleeve, and the valve core is provided with a top through the valve core The center hole of the valve core at both ends of the bottom, the side wall of the bypass valve body is provided with a side through hole communicating with the cavity of the bypass valve body, and the valve core is opened or opened during the sliding process of the bypass valve body. The side through holes are closed, and the sieve plates are arranged in the side through holes.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is: when the flow rate and pressure of the drilling fluid exceed the starting pressure of the tool, the valve core is driven to close the side through hole, the bypass valve assembly is in a closed state, and the drilling fluid enters the valve core through the central hole in turn. Torsional oscillation assembly, motor assembly, starting motor assembly.

Further, the motor assembly includes a stator whose top and bottom ends are connected and a rotor arranged in the stator, the top end of the stator is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the torsional oscillation assembly, and the stator The bottom end is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the drive shaft assembly; a hollow hole is arranged inside the rotor, and both ends of the hollow hole are respectively connected with the bottom end of the torsional oscillation assembly and the drive shaft assembly connected to the top.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is as follows: a hollow hole is arranged inside the rotor, and when the drilling fluid passes through, the rotor drives the drive shaft assembly to rotate axially, so as to convert the hydraulic power of the drilling fluid into driving the drive shaft assembly to revolve around its center. Mechanical energy of shaft rotation.

Further, the torsional oscillation assembly includes an anti-drop joint, an eccentric valve disc and an anti-drop connecting rod, the anti-drop joint is a structure in which both ends of the top and bottom are connected, and the top of the anti-drop joint is connected to the bypass valve. The bottom end of the assembly is fixedly connected, the bottom end of the anti-drop joint is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the stator, the eccentric valve disc is fixedly arranged on the upper end in the anti-drop joint, and the anti-drop connecting rod It is a hollow structure in which both ends of the top and bottom are connected, and the bottom end of the anti-drop connecting rod is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the rotor, and the top end of the anti-drop connecting rod is communicated with the eccentric hole of the eccentric valve disc. .

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is: the continuous rotation of the rotor will drive the continuous rotation of the anti-drop connecting rod, because the rotation of the rotor is a kind of planetary rotation, that is, it not only rotates around its own rotation center, but also revolves around the center of the stator. The rotation characteristics of the rotor will drive the rotation of the anti-drop connecting rod planet, so that the overlapping area of the eccentric hole and the central hole of the anti-drop connecting rod will change periodically. The flow rate of the hole fluctuates periodically, and the rotational speed of the rotor fluctuates periodically, which generates a certain torsional oscillation and transmits it to the drill bit.

Further, the torsional oscillation assembly further includes an anti-drop lock nut, the anti-drop lock nut is coaxially arranged with the eccentric valve disc, the inner side of the anti-drop lock nut is provided with an inner thread, and the anti-drop connecting rod is provided with an inner thread. The inner side of the anti-drop lock nut is screwed with the anti-drop lock nut.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the arrangement of the anti-dropping lock nut can prevent the anti-dropping connecting rod from being inserted into the space around the eccentric hole of the eccentric valve disc during the rotation process.

Further, the transmission shaft assembly includes a universal joint shaft housing, a spherical universal joint shaft and a first transmission shaft, and the top end of the universal joint shaft casing is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the motor assembly, so The bottom end of the universal shaft casing is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the axial oscillation assembly; the first transmission shaft is arranged in the universal shaft casing, and the top end of the first transmission shaft passes through the The ball-type universal shaft is in driving connection with the bottom end of the rotor.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the motor assembly and the first transmission shaft are connected by a ball-type universal shaft, and the axial rotation of the first transmission shaft is driven by the motor assembly.

Further, the transmission shaft assembly further includes a bearing housing and a thrust ball bearing set, the thrust ball bearing set is fixedly sleeved on the first transmission shaft, and the bearing housing is sleeved on the thrust ball bearing set, The bearing housing is arranged between the universal joint shaft housing and the axial oscillation assembly, the top end of the bearing housing is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the universal joint shaft housing, and the bearing housing The bottom end of the shaft is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the axial oscillation assembly.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the arrangement of the bearing shell and the thrust ball bearing group can improve the stability of the first transmission shaft when it rotates.

Further, the transmission shaft assembly also includes a first righting bearing inner ring and a first righting bearing outer ring that are arranged in cooperation with each other, the first righting bearing inner ring is fixedly sleeved on the upper part of the first transmission shaft, and the The outer ring of the first centralizing bearing is sleeved outside the inner ring of the first centralizing bearing, and the lower end of the outer ring sleeve of the first centralizing bearing is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the bearing outer sleeve.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the arrangement of the inner ring of the first centralizing bearing and the outer ring of the first centralizing bearing can further improve the rotation stability of the first rotating shaft.

Further, the axial oscillating assembly includes an axial oscillating sub housing, a spacer sleeve, a nozzle, a piston and an axial oscillating shaft, the top end of the axial oscillating sub housing and the bottom end of the bearing housing Fixed connection and communication, the top end of the axial oscillation shaft and the bottom end of the first transmission shaft are circumferentially fixed by cylindrical splines, the axial oscillation shaft is provided with an axial through center hole, the shaft The isolation sleeve and the piston are provided on the outer sleeve of the oscillating shaft, the piston is arranged below the isolation sleeve, and the outer wall of the isolation sleeve is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer casing of the axial oscillating short joint , the lower part of the isolation sleeve is provided with isolating channels uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the middle side wall of the axial oscillating shaft is provided with a number of first high-pressure channels, and the axial positions of the first high-pressure channel and the isolation channel are Correspondingly, a part of the outer casing of the axial oscillating short joint located on the isolation sleeve and the piston is provided with a through hole connecting the outside; a nozzle is fixed in the axial oscillating shaft, and the nozzle is located in the Below the first high pressure channel.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is: after the drilling fluid flows into the central hole of the axial oscillating shaft, it periodically drives the axial oscillating shaft to move up and down in the axial direction, and simultaneously rotates axially under the transmission of the motor assembly, thereby Improve rock breaking efficiency.

Further, the lower end of the first transmission shaft extends into the upper part of the outer casing of the axial oscillating short joint, the lower end of the first transmission shaft is sleeved with an inner ring of a second righting bearing, and the second righting bearing The outer matching sleeve of the inner ring is provided with a second centralizing bearing outer ring, and the second centralizing bearing outer ring is fixedly connected with the upper inner wall of the outer casing of the axial oscillating short joint.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the inner ring of the second centralizing bearing and the outer ring of the second centralizing bearing can further improve the rotation stability of the first transmission shaft.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of the axial oscillation assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the eccentric valve disc of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the isolation sleeve of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, the list of components represented by each number is as follows:

1. Bypass valve assembly;

11. Bypass valve body; 12. Valve core; 13. Sieve plate; 14. Valve sleeve;

2. Torsional oscillation assembly;

21. Anti-drop joint; 22. Eccentric valve disc; 23. Anti-drop lock nut; 24. Anti-drop connecting rod;

221, eccentric hole; 222, fixing rib; 223, sector channel;

3. Motor assembly;

31. Stator; 32. Rotor;

4. Drive shaft assembly;

41. Universal shaft housing; 42. Ball universal shaft; 43. The first drive shaft; 44. The first centralizing bearing inner ring; 45. The first centralizing bearing outer ring; 46. Bearing housing; 47. Thrust ball Bearing group; 48. The outer ring of the second righting bearing; 49. The inner ring of the second righting bearing;

5. Axial oscillation assembly;

51. Axial oscillating sub housing; 52. Splines; 53. Spacer sleeve; 54. Nozzle; 55. Piston; 56. Axial oscillating shaft; 57. Lower joint;

561, the first high pressure channel; 511, the first low pressure outlet; 512, the piston cavity; 531, the isolation channel.

Detailed ways

The principles and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the embodiment of the present invention includes a bypass valve assembly 1, a torsional oscillation assembly 2, a motor assembly 3, a transmission shaft assembly 4 and an axial oscillation assembly 5. The bypass valve assembly The bottom end of 1 is connected to the top of the torsional oscillation assembly 2 for opening or blocking drilling fluid from entering the torsional oscillation assembly 2; the bottom end of the torsional oscillation assembly 2 is connected to the top of the motor assembly 3 It is used to periodically change the flow rate of the drilling fluid entering the motor assembly 3, so as to periodically change the rotational speed of the motor assembly 3 so that the motor assembly 3 generates torsional oscillation; the bottom end of the motor assembly 3 It is connected with the top end of the transmission shaft assembly 4 for converting the hydraulic power of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy that drives the transmission shaft assembly 4 to rotate around its central axis; the bottom end of the transmission shaft assembly 4 is connected to the axial The top end of the oscillating assembly 5 is connected to drive the axial oscillating assembly 5 to rotate axially, and the bottom end of the axial oscillating assembly 5 is connected to the drill bit for converting the fluid energy of the drilling fluid into the axial direction of the drill bit. impact.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the bypass valve assembly 1 includes a bypass valve body 11 , a valve core 12 , a sieve plate 13 and a valve sleeve 14 , and the bottom end of the bypass valve body 11 oscillates with the torsion. The top end of the assembly 2 is sealed and fixed in communication, the valve sleeve 14 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bypass valve body 11 , and the valve core 12 is sealed and slidably arranged in the bypass valve body 11 and located in the valve body 11 . Vertically above the sleeve 14 , the valve core 12 is provided with a central hole of the valve core 12 penetrating the top and bottom ends of the valve core 12 , and the side wall of the bypass valve body 11 is provided with the bypass valve A side through hole communicated with the inner cavity of the body 11 , the valve core 12 opens or closes the side through hole during the sliding process in the bypass valve body 11 , and the sieve plate 13 is arranged in the side through hole. When the flow and pressure of the drilling fluid exceeds the starting pressure of the tool, the valve core 12 is driven to close the side through hole, the bypass valve assembly 1 is in a closed state, and the drilling fluid enters the torsional oscillation assembly 2, Motor assembly 3, start motor assembly 3.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the torsional oscillation assembly 2 includes an eccentric valve disc 22 , a drop-proof lock nut 23 , a drop-proof joint 21 and a drop-proof connecting rod 24 . The eccentric valve disc 22 is fixedly installed inside the anti-drop joint 24 through external threads. The lower end of the eccentric valve disc 22 is coaxially provided with an anti-dropping lock nut 23; the anti-dropping lock nut 23 is a stepped shaft with a hollow structure. The drop connecting rod 24 is a stepped shaft with a hollow structure, and a through hole is arranged inside it; the upper and lower sections of the drop preventing connecting rod 24 are respectively provided with threads; Above, the lower end of the anti-fall connecting rod 24 is mounted on the top end of the screw rotor 32 through threads.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 , the eccentric valve disc 22 includes an outer ring and an inner disc arranged inside the outer ring. The outer ring is provided with threads, and the inside of the outer ring is fixedly connected to the outer ring by four fixed ribs 222 distributed in the circumferential direction. The inner disk is provided with a hollow eccentric hole 221 at an eccentric position inside the inner disk, and four fixed ribs 222 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction form four fan-shaped channels 223 between the outer ring and the inner disk.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in the embodiment of the present invention, the motor assembly 3 includes a stator 31 whose top and bottom ends are connected and a rotor 32 arranged in the stator 31 . The top of the stator 31 is connected to the The bottom end of the anti-drop joint 21 is fixedly connected and communicated, and the bottom end of the stator 31 is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the universal shaft housing 41; the rotor 32 is provided with a hollow hole inside, and the hollow hole The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively communicated with the bottom end of the anti-fall connecting rod 24 and the top end of the first transmission shaft 43 . A hollow hole is arranged inside the rotor 32. When the drilling fluid passes through, the rotor 32 drives the transmission shaft assembly 4 to rotate axially, so as to convert the hydraulic power of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy that drives the first transmission shaft 43 to rotate around its central axis.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission shaft assembly 4 includes a cardan shaft casing 41 , and a cardan shaft casing 41 is disposed in the cardan shaft casing 41 and the upper end is fixed to the rotor 32 . The top end of the universal joint shaft 41 is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the stator 31; the lower end of the ball universal joint shaft 42 is provided with a first transmission shaft 43, the A drive shaft 43 is a stepped shaft with a hollow structure; the first drive shaft 43 is provided with a first righting bearing inner ring 44 and a first righting bearing outer ring 45 in sequence from the inside to the outside; the first righting bearing inner ring 44 is arranged outside the upper end of the first drive shaft 43 with interference fit; the first centralizing bearing outer ring 44 is fixedly installed inside the bearing housing 46 through interference fit; the first drive shaft 43 is coaxially mounted on the bearing housing 46 Inside, the bottom end of the bearing housing 46 is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the axial oscillating sub housing 51 , and the top end of the bearing housing 46 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the universal shaft housing 41 and The bearing shell 46 is provided with a thrust ball bearing set 47 inside; the lower end of the thrust ball bearing set 47 is provided with a second righting bearing set, including a second righting bearing which is fitted on the outside of the lower end of the first transmission shaft 43 by interference Ring 48 and a second centralizing bearing outer ring 49 fitted inside the axial oscillating nipple housing 51 by an interference fit.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , and FIG. 4 , the lower end of the first transmission shaft 43 is provided with an axial oscillation assembly 5 ; the axial oscillation sub 5 assembly includes an axial oscillation sub housing body 51, and an axial oscillating shaft 56 arranged in the axial oscillating sub housing 51 and capable of reciprocating along the axial direction, the top end of the axial oscillating sub housing 51 and the bottom end of the bearing housing 46 Fixed connection and communication; the upper end of the axial oscillation shaft 56 is circumferentially fixed with the first transmission shaft 43 through the cylindrical splines 52, and the axial oscillation shaft 56 can rotate coaxially with the first transmission shaft 43; the shaft An axially penetrating central hole is provided to the oscillating shaft 56; an axial oscillating short joint outer casing 51 is arranged outside the axial oscillating shaft 56; Cylinder 53, the isolation sleeve 53 is a hollow stepped sleeve, the upper end of which is provided with external threads, and the lower end is provided with isolating channels 531 that are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , two first high-pressure channels 561 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are provided on the middle side wall of the axial oscillation shaft 56 ; The lower end of the flow channel groove in the middle of the axial oscillation shaft 56 is provided with a nozzle 54; the middle of the axial oscillation shaft 56 is fixedly provided with a piston 55 with interference fit, and the piston 55 can follow the above-mentioned The axial oscillating shaft 56 rotates coaxially; the bottom of the axial oscillating short joint outer casing 51 is coaxially sleeved with a lower joint 57 , and a piston cavity 512 is formed between the piston 55 and the isolation sleeve 53 , so A first low pressure outlet communicating with the piston cavity 512 is provided on the outer wall of the axial oscillating sub housing 51 .

The working principle of the present invention: the drilling fluid flows to the torsional oscillation assembly 2 through the bypass valve assembly 1, and a part of the drilling fluid continues to flow downward into the motor assembly 3 through the peripheral channel of the eccentric valve disc 22 to drive the rotor 32 Rotating relative to the stator 31, the rotation of the rotor 32 drives the ball universal joint shaft 42 and the first transmission shaft 43 to rotate, and the first transmission shaft 43 drives the axial oscillation shaft 56 to rotate through the splines 52, and transmits the torque to the drill bit (existing). technology).

When the drilling fluid passes through the eccentric disc valve 22 , most of the drilling fluid will flow downward from the fan-shaped channel 223 into the cavity between the stator 31 and the rotor 32 , driving the rotor 32 to rotate relative to the stator 31 continuously. When the drilling fluid passes through the eccentric disc valve 22, a part of the drilling fluid will flow downward through the eccentric hole 221 through the central hole of the anti-drop lock nut 23, the central hole of the anti-drop connecting rod 24, the central hole of the rotor 32, and the ball universal joint shaft. 42, and joins the drilling fluid passing between the rotor 32 and the stator 31. The continuous rotation of the rotor 32 will drive the anti-drop lock nut 23 and the anti-drop link 24 to continue to rotate. Because the rotation of the rotor 32 is a kind of planetary rotation, that is, it not only rotates around its own rotation center, but also revolves around the center of the stator 31. . The rotation characteristics of the rotor 32 will drive the anti-dropping lock nut 23 and the anti-dropping connecting rod 24 to rotate in a planetary manner, so that the overlapping area of the eccentric hole 221 and the central hole of the anti-dropping lock nut 23 changes periodically. The flow rates of the central hole of the anti-drop lock nut 23, the central hole of the anti-drop connecting rod 24, and the central hole of the rotor 32 fluctuate periodically. Since the total inlet displacement of the tool is a certain value, that is, the sum of the flow through the eccentric hole 221 and the fan-shaped channel 223 is a constant value, when the flow through the eccentric hole 221 fluctuates, it flows into the stator 31 through the fan-shaped channel 223. The flow with the rotor 32 fluctuates periodically. Since the rotational speed of the rotor 32 is proportional to the flow between the rotor 32 and the stator 31 , that is, the greater the flow, the greater the rotational speed of the rotor 32 . Therefore, the rotational speed of the rotor 32 will fluctuate periodically, so that certain torsional oscillations are generated and transmitted to the drill bit.

The drilling fluid passing through the motor assembly continues to flow downward, and passes through the central hole of the axial oscillating shaft 56 and the nozzle 54. There is a sudden reduction in the cross-sectional area at the nozzle 54, where a certain pressure is generated, so that a part of the high-pressure drilling fluid is The first high pressure channel 561 and the isolation channel 531 flow into the piston cavity 512 , so that the pressure in the cavity 512 increases and drives the piston 55 to drive the axial oscillation shaft 56 to move downward. The axial oscillation shaft 56 continues to rotate under the drive of the rotor 32. When the isolation channel 531 and the first high pressure channel 561 are staggered, the high pressure fluid cannot enter the piston cavity 512. At this time, due to the action of the drilling pressure, the axial oscillation shaft 56 It will move upward, at this time, the fluid in the piston cavity 512 flows into the annulus through the first low pressure outlet 511, and when the axial oscillation shaft 56 moves to the uppermost position, it returns to the original position. The continuous rotation of the axial oscillating shaft 56 will continuously change the pressure in the piston cavity 512, resulting in certain pressure fluctuations, which are transmitted to the drill bit.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "horizontal", "top", "inner", "outer", "circumferential side", "circumferential direction", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention. The invention and simplified description do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements, unless otherwise specified limit. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. The multidirectional oscillation percussion screw drill tool is characterized by comprising a bypass valve assembly (1), a torsional oscillation assembly (2), a motor assembly (3), a transmission shaft assembly (4) and an axial oscillation assembly (5), wherein the bottom end of the bypass valve assembly (1) is connected with the top end of the torsional oscillation assembly (2) and used for opening or blocking drilling fluid from entering the torsional oscillation assembly (2); the bottom end of the torsional oscillation assembly (2) is connected with the top end of the motor assembly (3) and is used for periodically changing the flow rate of drilling fluid entering the motor assembly (3), so that the rotation speed of the motor assembly (3) is periodically changed to enable the motor assembly (3) to generate torsional oscillation; the bottom end of the motor assembly (3) is connected with the top end of the transmission shaft assembly (4) and is used for converting hydraulic power of drilling fluid into mechanical energy for driving the transmission shaft assembly (4) to rotate around the central axis of the transmission shaft assembly; the bottom of transmission shaft assembly (4) with the top of axial oscillation assembly (5) is connected and is used for driving axial oscillation assembly (5) axial rotation, the drill bit is connected to the bottom of axial oscillation assembly (5) and is used for converting the fluid energy of drilling fluid to the axial impact force of drill bit.

2. The multidirectional oscillation impact screw drill according to claim 1, wherein the bypass valve assembly (1) comprises a bypass valve body (11), a valve core (12), a sieve plate (13) and a valve sleeve (14), the bottom end of the bypass valve body (11) is fixedly communicated with the top end of the torsional oscillation assembly (2) in a sealing manner, the valve sleeve (14) is fixedly arranged at the bottom inside the bypass valve body (11), the valve core (12) is arranged inside the bypass valve body (11) in a sealing and sliding manner and is positioned vertically above the valve sleeve (14), a central hole of the valve core (12) penetrating through the two ends of the top and bottom of the valve core (12) is arranged on the valve core (12), a side through hole communicated with the inner cavity of the bypass valve body (11) is arranged on the side wall of the bypass valve body (11), and the valve core (12) opens or closes the side through hole in the sliding process of the bypass valve body (11), the sieve plate (13) is arranged in the side through hole.

3. The multidirectional oscillation percussion screw drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, the motor assembly (3) includes a stator (31) with both ends conducting from top to bottom and a rotor (32) arranged in the stator (31), the top end of the stator (31) is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the torsional oscillation assembly (2), and the bottom end of the stator (31) is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the transmission shaft assembly (4); the inside cavity hole that is equipped with of rotor (32), the both ends in cavity hole respectively with the bottom of torsional oscillation assembly (2) and the top intercommunication of transmission shaft assembly (4).

4. A multi-directional oscillating percussive screw drill according to claim 3, the torsional oscillation assembly (2) comprises an anti-drop joint (21), an eccentric valve disc (22) and an anti-drop connecting rod (24), the anti-drop joint (21) is a structure with two communicated top and bottom ends, the top end of the anti-drop joint (21) is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the bypass valve assembly (1), the bottom end of the anti-drop joint (21) is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the stator (31), the eccentric valve disc (22) is fixedly arranged at the upper end in the anti-drop joint (21), the anti-drop connecting rod (24) is of a hollow structure with two communicated top and bottom ends, and the bottom end of the anti-falling connecting rod (24) is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the rotor (32), the top end of the anti-drop connecting rod (24) is communicated with an eccentric hole (221) of the eccentric valve disc (22).

5. The multidirectional oscillation percussion screw drill tool according to claim 4, wherein the torsional oscillation assembly (2) further comprises an anti-drop lock nut (23), the anti-drop lock nut (23) is coaxially arranged with the eccentric valve disc (22), an internal thread is arranged on the inner side of the anti-drop lock nut (23), and the anti-drop connecting rod (24) is arranged on the inner side of the anti-drop lock nut (23) and is in threaded connection with the anti-drop lock nut (23).

6. A multi-directional oscillating percussive screw drill according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the drive shaft assembly (4) comprises a cardan shaft housing (41), a ball type cardan shaft (42) and a first drive shaft (43), the top end of the cardan shaft housing (41) being fixedly connected and communicating with the bottom end of the motor assembly (3), the bottom end of the cardan shaft housing (41) being fixedly connected and communicating with the top end of the axial oscillatory assembly (5); the upper part of the first transmission shaft (43) is arranged in the universal shaft shell (41), and the top end of the first transmission shaft (43) is in transmission connection with the bottom end of the rotor (32) through the ball type universal shaft (42).

7. The multidirectional oscillatory percussion screw drill according to claim 6, wherein the transmission shaft assembly (4) further comprises a bearing housing (46) and a thrust ball bearing set (47), the thrust ball bearing set (47) is fixedly sleeved on the first transmission shaft (43), the bearing housing (46) is sleeved on the thrust ball bearing set (47), the bearing housing (46) is arranged between the universal shaft housing (41) and the axial oscillatory assembly (5), the top end of the bearing housing (46) is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the universal shaft housing (41), and the bottom end of the bearing housing (46) is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the axial oscillatory assembly (5).

8. The multi-directional oscillating percussion screw drill according to claim 7, wherein the transmission shaft assembly (4) further comprises a first centering bearing inner ring (44) and a first centering bearing outer ring (45) which are cooperatively arranged, the first centering bearing inner ring (44) is fixedly sleeved on the upper portion of the first transmission shaft (43), the first centering bearing outer ring (45) is sleeved on the first centering bearing inner ring (44), and the lower end of the first centering bearing outer ring (45) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the bearing housing (46) sleeve.

9. The multidirectional oscillation percussion screw drill tool according to claim 7, wherein the axial oscillation assembly (5) comprises an axial oscillation pup joint outer shell (51), an isolation sleeve (53), a nozzle (54), a piston (55) and an axial oscillation shaft (56), the top end of the axial oscillation pup joint outer shell (51) is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the bearing housing (46), the top end of the axial oscillation shaft (56) is circumferentially fixed with the bottom end of the first transmission shaft (43) through a cylindrical spline (52), an axially through central hole is formed in the axial oscillation shaft (56), the isolation sleeve (53) and the piston (55) are sleeved outside the axial oscillation shaft (56), the piston (55) is arranged below the isolation sleeve (53), and the outer wall of the isolation sleeve (53) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the axial oscillation pup joint outer shell (51), the lower part of the isolation sleeve (53) is provided with isolation channels (531) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the side wall of the middle part of the axial oscillation shaft (56) is provided with a plurality of first high-pressure channels (561), the first high-pressure channels (561) correspond to the axial positions of the isolation channels (531), and through holes for connecting the outside are formed in the parts, located on the isolation sleeve (53) and the piston (55), of the outer shell (51) of the axial oscillation short section; a nozzle (54) is fixedly arranged in the axial oscillating shaft (56), and the nozzle (54) is positioned below the first high-pressure channel (561).

10. The multidirectional oscillation percussion screw drill tool according to claim 9, wherein the lower end of the first transmission shaft (43) extends into the upper portion of the axial oscillation sub outer casing (51), a second centering bearing inner ring (49) is sleeved on the lower end of the first transmission shaft (43), a second centering bearing outer ring (48) is sleeved outside the second centering bearing inner ring (49) in a matched manner, and the second centering bearing outer ring (48) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper portion of the axial oscillation sub outer casing (51).

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