CN220063731U - Novel dual-purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device - Google Patents
Novel dual-purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device Download PDFInfo
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- CN220063731U CN220063731U CN202320612294.8U CN202320612294U CN220063731U CN 220063731 U CN220063731 U CN 220063731U CN 202320612294 U CN202320612294 U CN 202320612294U CN 220063731 U CN220063731 U CN 220063731U
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- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A novel dual-purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device, comprising: the device comprises a base, a linear sliding mechanism, a screw rod, a high-precision grating ruler, a movable photoelectric sensor, a fixed photoelectric sensor and a touch screen instrument; the linear sliding mechanism and the screw rod are fixed on the side wall of the base, and the screw rod is positioned in the middle of the linear sliding mechanism; two guide rails of the linear sliding mechanism are respectively provided with a sliding block, and a sliding block plate is fixedly connected between the two sliding blocks; the sliding block plate is connected with the movable photoelectric sensor; the fixed photoelectric sensor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base; the central connecting line of the fixed photoelectric sensor and the movable photoelectric sensor is parallel to the axis of the screw rod; the high-precision grating ruler is arranged on the side wall of the base, and the reading head of the high-precision grating ruler is connected with the sliding block plate; the screw rod is also provided with a nut which is connected with the sliding block plate; the high-precision grating ruler, the movable photoelectric sensor and the fixed photoelectric sensor are all connected with the touch screen instrument through sensor connecting wires. The utility model ensures the reliability of the measurement mode.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of detection of displacement rate of a material testing machine, and particularly relates to a novel dual-purpose device for calibrating the displacement rate of the material testing machine.
Background
The material testing machine is a precise testing instrument for measuring mechanical properties, technological properties, internal defects and dynamic unbalance of rotating parts of metal materials, nonmetallic materials, mechanical parts, engineering structures and the like under various conditions and environments. In the process of researching and exploring new materials, new processes, new technologies and new structures, a material testing machine is an indispensable important detection instrument and is mainly used for testing mechanical properties such as stretching, compression, bending, shearing, tearing and the like of metals and nonmetal (including composite materials). The various national building material standards put forward corresponding requirements on the displacement rate of a material testing machine in the test process, and when a tensile test is carried out, whether the displacement rate is accurate or not directly influences the elongation after break or the tensile strength of a tested sample; in the compression test, the accuracy of the displacement rate directly influences the compressive strength of the tested sample. Therefore, the displacement rate with high accuracy is provided, and the accuracy of the mechanical property test result of the metal or nonmetal material is improved.
The displacement rate calibrating device of the existing material testing machine generally has two modes of manual operation and automatic operation. Manual mode displacement rate calibration device: the measuring instrument is characterized by comprising measuring instruments such as a dial indicator or a dial indicator, a steel ruler, a stopwatch and the like, wherein the measuring instruments are measured in a short travel range, the dial indicator or the dial indicator is fixed on a movable cross beam of a material testing machine through a magnetic meter seat and is contacted with a testing platform, when the cross beam moves, the stopwatch is manually pressed down to start timing, the timing is stopped after the cross beam walks for a certain distance, and the travel distance of the movable cross beam and the travel time of the corresponding travel are recorded according to the dial indicator or the dial indicator, so that the displacement rate of the movable cross beam is calculated; and (3) measuring in a long travel range, marking positions before and after the beam moves, measuring the distance between the two marks by using a steel ruler, measuring the time for the beam to walk by a corresponding distance by using a stopwatch, and calculating the quotient of the two to obtain the displacement rate of the movable beam. Automatic mode displacement rate calibration device: two types of calibrating devices are commonly available, one type is represented by a Chinese patent No. 203287001U, and the calibrating device mainly comprises a stay wire type displacement sensor, a device connected with an upper chuck and a lower chuck of a testing machine and a display instrument, wherein two ends of the stay wire type displacement sensor are fixed on the upper chuck and the lower chuck of the testing machine during measurement, the sensor is connected with the display instrument, the distance of the movement of the cross beam and the synchronous timing inside the instrument can be measured through the stay wire type displacement sensor when the cross beam is moved, and the displacement rate of the display cross beam is calculated in real time; the other type is a calibrating device which is mentioned by Jiang Hua authors published in Jilin water conservancy journal 2001 at the 1 st stage and used for improving the measuring speed and the precision research of a tester by a photoelectric measuring device, and the calibrating device consists of a photoelectric sensor, a signal generator and a digital display instrument.
The displacement rate calibration device in the manual mode needs manual intervention in a long-short travel range, and records the moving distance in the long-travel range or by marking, so that the calculated displacement rate has obviously larger error. The automatic mode displacement rate calibration device, represented by CN203287001U, has the main problems of difficult field installation, low measurement efficiency and difficulty in ensuring the coaxiality of the two ends of the stay wire type displacement sensor, and once the displacement is deviated, the longer the movement distance is, the larger the influence on the measurement result of the displacement rate is; another type of calibration device (the calibration device mentioned in the "test machine measurement speed and precision improvement by photoelectric measurement device" in Jilin water conservancy journal 2001 at the 1 st stage) mainly has the problems that a signal generator is adopted to control the output of the pulse number, and the accuracy of the measured displacement rate can be only within 1% due to the lower accuracy of the signal generator, so that the requirement of the 0.5-level material test machine on the displacement rate cannot be met, and the accuracy of the measurement result cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a novel dual-purpose displacement rate calibration device for a material testing machine, which ensures the reliability of a measurement mode.
The utility model is realized in the following way:
a novel dual-purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device, comprising: the device comprises a base, a linear sliding mechanism, a screw rod, a high-precision grating ruler, a movable photoelectric sensor, a fixed photoelectric sensor and a touch screen instrument;
the linear sliding mechanism is provided with two guide rails which are parallel to each other and fixed on one side wall of the base;
the screw rod is fixed on the side wall of the base through bearing seats at two ends and is positioned in the middle of two guide rails of the linear sliding mechanism; the end part of the screw rod is provided with an adjustable knob;
a sliding block is respectively arranged in two guide rails of the linear sliding mechanism, and a sliding block plate is fixedly connected between the two sliding blocks;
the sliding block plate is connected with the movable photoelectric sensor;
the fixed photoelectric sensor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base;
the central connecting line of the fixed photoelectric sensor and the movable photoelectric sensor is parallel to the axis of the screw rod;
the high-precision grating ruler is arranged on the side wall of the base, and the reading head of the high-precision grating ruler is connected with the sliding block plate;
the screw rod is also provided with a nut which is connected with the sliding block plate;
the high-precision grating ruler, the movable photoelectric sensor and the fixed photoelectric sensor are all connected with the touch screen instrument through sensor connecting wires;
the linear sliding mechanism is a ball type linear sliding mechanism;
the lead screw is a miniature sliding lead screw with a lead of 1 mm.
Further, the movable photosensor is connected to the slider plate through a fixed plate.
Further, the stationary photosensor is connected to the base through an adapter plate.
Further, the model of the high-precision grating ruler is A-6665-0015/L, and the model of the reading head is Q4BCY30D20A.
Further, the base is in a right-angle tripod shape.
Further, the material testing machine is vertical, the calibration device is vertically placed, and the beam of the material testing machine drives the light shielding plate to pass through the fixed photoelectric sensor and the movable photoelectric sensor in sequence, so that the movement of the light shielding plate is vertical movement.
Further, the material testing machine is horizontal, the calibration device is horizontally placed, and the beam of the material testing machine drives the light shielding plate to pass through the fixed photoelectric sensor and the movable photoelectric sensor successively to move horizontally.
The utility model has the advantages that: the calibration device can very accurately measure the displacement rate, solves the problem of larger error caused by manual timing in the traditional technology, adopts a non-contact measurement mode, solves the problem of difficult field installation in the traditional technology, adopts a ball sliding mechanism, solves the problem that a sensor in the traditional technology is difficult to ensure coaxiality in the moving process, adopts a high-precision grating measurement system and a time interval measurement module, solves the problem that the accuracy of measuring the displacement rate is low due to low equipment accuracy in the traditional technology, and greatly ensures the measurement accuracy of the displacement rate. The calibrating device adoptsThe high-precision grating ruler measuring system is composed of the increment type grating ruler with optimal performance and a reading head with resolution of 0.1 mu m, so that the extension uncertainty of the moving distance within 0.5mm is ensured to be 0.5 mu m (k=2), and the extension uncertainty of the moving distance within (0.5-50) mm can be ensured to be within 0.1%; the adoption of the high-accuracy time interval measurement module can ensure that the maximum allowable error is as follows: (+/-) (10) -7 X t + delta), where t is the time interval and delta is the effective resolution. The accuracy of measuring the displacement rate by adopting the calibration device is better than 0.1%, the measurement accuracy of the displacement rate is improved, and the accuracy of the result of the mechanical property test of the metal or nonmetal material by using the material testing machine is fully ensured. The adopted calibration method creatively calculates the displacement rate through the difference between the distance difference and the time interval of the front and back two times, ensures the accuracy of measuring the displacement rate by using the device, and improves the accuracy of the mechanical property test result of the metal or nonmetal material.
Drawings
The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which a calibration device employed in the calibration method of the present utility model is vertically placed in use.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a vertical arrangement of a calibration device used in the calibration method of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a horizontal (front perspective) alignment device used in the alignment method of the present utility model.
Description of the drawings:
100-material testing machine, 101-beam, 102-light shielding plate, 200-calibration device, 201-base, 202-linear sliding mechanism, 221-guide rail, 222-guide rail, 223-slider, 224-slider plate, 203-lead screw, 231-adjustable knob, 232-nut, 204-high precision grating ruler, 205-movable photoelectric sensor, 206-fixed photoelectric sensor, 207-touch screen instrument, 208-bearing seat, 209-bearing seat.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a new dual-purpose material tester displacement rate calibration device 200 comprises: base 201, linear slide mechanism 202, lead screw 203, high precision grating scale 204, movable photoelectric sensor 205, fixed photoelectric sensor 206, touch screen meter 207.
The linear sliding mechanism 202 has two parallel guide rails 221, 222 fixed to a side wall of the base 201;
the screw 203 is a miniature sliding screw with a lead of 1mm, is fixed on the side wall of the base 201 through bearing blocks 208 and 209 at two ends, and is positioned in the middle of two guide rails 221 and 222 of the linear sliding mechanism 202; the end of the screw 203 is provided with an adjustable knob 231;
a sliding block 223 is respectively arranged on the two guide rails 221 and 222 of the linear sliding mechanism 202, and a sliding block plate 224 is fixedly connected between the two sliding blocks 223;
the slider plate 224 is connected to the movable photosensor 205;
the fixed photoelectric sensor 206 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base 201;
the center line of the fixed photoelectric sensor 206 and the movable photoelectric sensor 205 is parallel to the axis of the screw 203;
the high-precision grating ruler 204 is arranged on the side wall of the base 201, and a reading head of the high-precision grating ruler is connected with the sliding block plate 224; the high-precision grating scale 204 in the embodiment is manufactured by Ranshao corporation, england, and has the model number A-6665-0015/L and the reading head model number Q4BCY30D20A.
The screw 203 is also provided with a nut 232 connected with the sliding block plate 224;
the high-precision grating ruler 204, the movable photoelectric sensor 205 and the fixed photoelectric sensor 206 are all connected with the touch screen instrument 207 through sensor connecting wires.
The linear sliding mechanism 202 is a ball type linear sliding mechanism.
The movable photosensor 205 is connected to the slider plate 224 through a fixed plate.
The stationary photosensor 206 is connected to the base 201 through an adapter plate.
The base 201 is in a right-angle tripod shape.
When calibration is carried out, the following steps are adopted:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a beam 101 of a material testing machine 100 drives a light shielding plate 102 to pass through a fixed photoelectric sensor 206 and a movable photoelectric sensor 205 for the first time, and a system (a software module in a touch screen instrument 207) records a first time interval Deltat 1 and the current distance S1 of the movable photoelectric sensor 205;
the time interval Δt1 is the difference in time when the light shielding plate 102 passes through the movable sensor 205 and the fixed photosensor 206;
step two, after the nut 232 of the screw 203 drives the movable photoelectric sensor 205 to move a certain distance by rotating the adjustable knob 231, the beam 101 drives the light shielding plate 102 to pass through the fixed photoelectric sensor 206 and the movable photoelectric sensor 205 for the second time at the same speed, and the system records the second time interval Deltat 2 and the current distance S2 of the movable photoelectric sensor 205;
the time interval Δt2 is the difference between the times when the shutter plate 102 passes the movable sensor 205 and the fixed photosensor 206 for the second time;
step three: the system can accurately calculate the displacement rate of the cross beam 101 according to the formula |S2-S1|Deltat2-Deltat1|.
In this embodiment, the material testing machine 100 is vertical, the calibration device 200 is placed vertically, and the beam 101 of the material testing machine 100 drives the light shielding plate 102 to move through the fixed photoelectric sensor 206 and the movable photoelectric sensor 205 sequentially to be vertical.
If the material testing machine is horizontal, as shown in fig. 3, the calibration device 200 is placed horizontally, and the beam of the material testing machine drives the light shielding plate to move horizontally through the fixed photoelectric sensor 206 and the movable photoelectric sensor 205 in sequence.
The calibration device of the utility model can very accurately measure the displacement rate, solves the problem of larger error caused by manual timing in the prior art, adopts a non-contact measurement mode, solves the problem of difficult field installation in the prior art, adopts a ball sliding mechanism, and solves the problems ofThe sensor of the prior art is difficult to ensure coaxiality in the moving process, and the high-precision grating measuring system and the time interval measuring module are adopted, so that the problem that the accuracy of measuring the displacement rate is low due to low precision of equipment in the prior art is solved, and the measuring accuracy of the displacement rate is greatly ensured. The high-precision grating ruler measuring system is formed by adopting the incremental grating ruler with optimal performance and the reading head with 0.1 mu m resolution, so that the expansion uncertainty of the moving distance within 0.5mm is ensured to be 0.5 mu m (k=2), and the expansion uncertainty of the moving distance within (0.5-50) mm can be ensured to be within 0.1%; the adoption of the high-accuracy time interval measurement module can ensure that the maximum allowable error is as follows: (+/-) (10) -7 X t + delta), where t is the time interval and delta is the effective resolution. The accuracy of measuring the displacement rate by adopting the calibration device is better than 0.1%, the measurement accuracy of the displacement rate is improved, and the accuracy of the result of the mechanical property test of the metal or nonmetal material by using the material testing machine is fully ensured.
In the calibration method, the accuracy of measuring the displacement rate by using the device is guaranteed by creatively calculating the displacement rate through the difference between the distance difference and the time interval of the front and rear times, and the accuracy of the mechanical property test result of the metal or nonmetal material is improved.
The above-described embodiments and drawings are not intended to limit the form or pattern of the present utility model, and any appropriate changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. Novel dual-purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device, its characterized in that: comprising the following steps: the device comprises a base, a linear sliding mechanism, a screw rod, a high-precision grating ruler, a movable photoelectric sensor, a fixed photoelectric sensor and a touch screen instrument;
the linear sliding mechanism is provided with two guide rails which are parallel to each other and fixed on one side wall of the base;
the screw rod is fixed on the side wall of the base through bearing seats at two ends and is positioned in the middle of two guide rails of the linear sliding mechanism; the end part of the screw rod is provided with an adjustable knob;
a sliding block is respectively arranged in two guide rails of the linear sliding mechanism, and a sliding block plate is fixedly connected between the two sliding blocks;
the sliding block plate is connected with the movable photoelectric sensor;
the fixed photoelectric sensor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base;
the central connecting line of the fixed photoelectric sensor and the movable photoelectric sensor is parallel to the axis of the screw rod;
the high-precision grating ruler is arranged on the side wall of the base, and the reading head of the high-precision grating ruler is connected with the sliding block plate;
the screw rod is also provided with a nut which is connected with the sliding block plate;
the high-precision grating ruler, the movable photoelectric sensor and the fixed photoelectric sensor are all connected with the touch screen instrument through sensor connecting wires;
the linear sliding mechanism is a ball type linear sliding mechanism;
the lead screw is a miniature sliding lead screw with a lead of 1 mm.
2. A new dual purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the movable photosensor is connected to the slider plate through a fixed plate.
3. A new dual purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the stationary photosensor is connected to the base through an adapter plate.
4. A new dual purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the model of the high-precision grating ruler is A-6665-0015/L, and the model of the reading head is Q4BCY30D20A.
5. A new dual purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the base is of a right-angle tripod type.
6. A new dual purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the material testing machine is vertical, the calibration device is vertically placed, and the beam of the material testing machine drives the light shielding plate to pass through the fixed photoelectric sensor and the movable photoelectric sensor in sequence, and the movement of the light shielding plate is vertical movement.
7. A new dual purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the material testing machine is horizontal, the calibration device is placed horizontally, and the beam of the material testing machine drives the light shielding plate to pass through the fixed photoelectric sensor and the movable photoelectric sensor successively to move horizontally.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320612294.8U CN220063731U (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Novel dual-purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device |
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| CN202320612294.8U CN220063731U (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Novel dual-purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device |
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| CN220063731U true CN220063731U (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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| CN202320612294.8U Active CN220063731U (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Novel dual-purpose material testing machine displacement rate calibration device |
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