CN219959436U - Microstrip antenna array - Google Patents
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- CN219959436U CN219959436U CN202321334708.1U CN202321334708U CN219959436U CN 219959436 U CN219959436 U CN 219959436U CN 202321334708 U CN202321334708 U CN 202321334708U CN 219959436 U CN219959436 U CN 219959436U
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a microstrip antenna array, which comprises a dielectric substrate, and a metal grounding plate and a radiation metal sheet which are positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric substrate; the method comprises the steps that a plurality of metal resonant ring units which are periodically arranged are arranged in a blank area of a dielectric substrate on the periphery of a radiation metal sheet, the metal resonant ring units are made of left-handed materials and comprise at least one split resonant ring, each split resonant ring is provided with at least one opening, the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna array is a W frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna array is adjusted according to the geometric dimension of the metal resonant ring units, so that the band with a forbidden band covers the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna array. The microstrip antenna array disclosed by the utility model can improve the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna, thereby realizing the effect of improving the gain of the microstrip antenna array.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of microstrip antennas, in particular to a microstrip antenna array using left-handed materials for W wave bands.
Background
Microstrip antenna arrays have many advantages over conventional antenna arrays, such as: the device has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low section and easy planar structure, and can realize linear polarization, circular polarization and the like through simple power feeding. At present, a microstrip antenna array is mostly selected for a vehicle-mounted radar or a traffic radar.
However, microstrip antenna arrays have some drawbacks, such as narrow frequency band, conductor loss and dielectric loss, thus lower gain and smaller power capacity; in addition, since the isolation between the feed line and the radiator unit is poor, there is a surface wave, and thus the performance is greatly affected by the dielectric substrate material.
Therefore, how to increase the gain of the microstrip antenna array as much as possible is an important issue to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a microstrip antenna array so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the microstrip antenna array comprises a dielectric substrate, and a metal grounding plate and a radiation metal sheet which are positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric substrate; the method comprises the steps that a plurality of metal resonant ring units which are periodically arranged are arranged in a blank area of a dielectric substrate on the periphery of a radiation metal sheet, the metal resonant ring units are made of left-handed materials and comprise at least one split resonant ring, each split resonant ring is provided with at least one opening, the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna array is a W frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna array is adjusted according to the geometric dimension of the metal resonant ring units, so that the band with a forbidden band covers the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna array.
In some embodiments, the metal resonant ring unit includes two split resonant rings nested with each other, and the split directions of the two split resonant rings are opposite.
Further, for each of the metal resonant ring units, on the premise that the side length of the split resonant ring positioned outside the metal resonant ring unit is constructed to be in the vicinity of an integral multiple of the medium wavelength, the equivalent inductance of the metal resonant ring unit is adjusted according to the size of the side length of each split resonant ring, and the equivalent capacitance of the metal resonant ring unit is adjusted according to the size of the opening of each split resonant ring.
Further, for each of the metal resonant ring units,
defining the line width of each split resonant ring as w1, wherein w1 epsilon [0.1mm,0.2mm ];
the size of the opening of each of the split ring resonators is defined as d1, where d1 e [0.4mm,0.8mm ].
Further, along the row direction or along the column direction, the distance between two adjacent metal resonant ring units is defined as S1, wherein S1 epsilon [3mm,4mm ].
Further, in case the metal resonator ring unit comprises a single split resonator ring,
inducing an induced current in the metal resonant ring unit in an operating state in which a magnetic field is perpendicular to the metal resonant ring unit, thereby inducing an inductance, based on the fact that the split resonant ring has an opening, thereby generating a capacitance, so as to form LC in relation to the geometry of the metal resonant ring unit
Alternatively, in case the metal resonator ring unit comprises two mutually nested split resonator rings, the gap between the two split resonator rings is defined as X1, wherein X1 e [0.1mm,0.2mm ].
Further, in an operating state in which a magnetic field is perpendicular to the metal resonant ring unit, an induced current is generated in the metal resonant ring unit, thereby introducing inductance, and based on a gap existing between the two split resonant rings and a case where each of the split resonant rings has an opening, a capacitance is generated, thereby forming LC resonance associated with a geometric dimension of the metal resonant ring unit.
Optionally, the geometric shape of the metal resonant ring unit includes any one of square, circular, hexagonal and rectangular.
Further, in a direction parallel to the surface of the dielectric substrate, the distances between the plurality of metal resonant ring units and the radiating metal plate are 0.5 times of the dielectric wavelength or one time of the dielectric wavelength.
Compared with the prior art, the microstrip antenna array provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises the following components: the microstrip antenna array comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate and a radiation metal sheet, wherein the metal grounding plate and the radiation metal sheet are positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric substrate; the method comprises the steps that a plurality of metal resonant ring units which are periodically arranged are arranged in a blank area of a dielectric substrate on the periphery of a radiation metal sheet, the metal resonant ring units are made of left-handed materials and comprise at least one split resonant ring, each split resonant ring is provided with at least one opening, the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna array is a W frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna array is adjusted according to the geometric dimension of the metal resonant ring units, so that the band with a forbidden band covers the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna array. By adopting the technical scheme, the left-handed material (a plurality of metal resonant ring units) is arranged in the blank area of the dielectric substrate around the radiating metal sheet, and the left-handed material is used for suppressing surface waves and multiple harmonics excited during the working of the antenna and utilizing the flat focusing effect of the left-handed material, so that the purposes of reducing the edge scattering of the microstrip antenna array, improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna and further improving the gain of the microstrip antenna array are achieved.
Furthermore, the periodically arranged multiple metal resonant ring units can be realized through a circuit board etching technology, the technology is simple and feasible, the large-scale industrial production is easy, the beams of the microstrip antenna array loaded with the periodically arranged multiple metal resonant ring units (left-handed materials) are obviously narrowed, and the gain is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a vertically polarized antenna loaded with periodically arranged metal resonant ring units according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a microstrip antenna array according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a simulated azimuth pattern corresponding to the microstrip line arrays of FIG. 1 before and after loading the periodically arranged metal resonant ring units;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the structure of one of the metallic resonant ring units provided in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of yet another metal resonant ring unit provided in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a different metal resonant ring unit provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a horizontally polarized antenna loaded with periodically arranged metal resonant ring units according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 8 is a simulated azimuth pattern corresponding to the microstrip line array of fig. 7 before and after loading the periodically arranged metal resonant ring units.
Detailed Description
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present utility model, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present utility model, as well as the preferred embodiments thereof, together with the following detailed description of the utility model, given by way of illustration only, together with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a vertically polarized antenna loaded with periodically arranged metal resonant ring units according to an embodiment of the present utility model, fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a microstrip antenna array according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and fig. 3 is a simulated azimuth pattern of the microstrip antenna array corresponding to the front and rear sides of the periodically arranged metal resonant ring units loaded in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present utility model provides a microstrip antenna array, which includes a dielectric substrate 10, and a metal grounding plate 20 and a radiating metal plate 30 located on opposite sides of the dielectric substrate 10; a plurality of metal resonant ring units 40 are arranged in a periodic arrangement in a blank area of the dielectric substrate 10 around the radiating metal sheet 30, the metal resonant ring units 40 are made of left-handed materials, the metal resonant ring units 40 include at least one split resonant ring 41, each split resonant ring 41 has at least one opening, the operating frequency band of the microstrip antenna array is a W frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna array is adjusted according to the geometric dimensions of the metal resonant ring units 40, so that the band where the forbidden band appears covers the operating frequency band of the microstrip antenna array.
The W frequency band refers to a frequency range of 75-110 GHz, belongs to a 3-millimeter wave band, and has wide application prospects in high-data-rate communication, high-resolution radars and the like.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the plurality of metal resonant ring units 40 are configured as a left-handed material, which is an artificial electromagnetic medium with a novel periodic structure, whose dielectric constant and magnetic permeability are simultaneously negative in the resonant frequency band, and the electric field E, the magnetic field H, and the wave vector k of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the medium form a left-handed relationship, which has many singular optical and electromagnetic properties, so that the device has good application in antennas, detectors, stealth materials, and microwave devices.
According to the embodiment, on the basis of a radiation metal sheet of a conventional microstrip antenna array, left-handed materials (a plurality of metal resonant ring units) are arranged in a blank area of a dielectric substrate on the periphery of the radiation metal sheet, and the left-handed materials are used for suppressing surface waves and multiple harmonics excited during the working of the antenna and utilizing the flat focusing effect of the left-handed materials, so that the purposes of reducing the edge scattering of the microstrip antenna array and improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna are achieved, and the gain effect of the microstrip antenna array is further achieved.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 5, the metal resonant ring unit 40 includes two split resonant rings 41 nested with each other, and the split resonant rings 41 are opposite in opening direction, and the split resonant ring 41 has a square shape.
For each metal resonant ring unit 40, the side length of the split resonant ring 41 positioned at the outer side of the metal resonant ring unit is generally configured to be between 0.1 and 1 times of the medium wavelength, and the side length is one time of the medium wavelength, for example, 2.2mm in consideration of the actual processing technology of the printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB), so that the requirements of the processing technology can be met and the working performance of the microstrip antenna array can be met by designing and adjusting the geometric shape of the metal resonant ring unit 40.
Further, in the present embodiment, for each of the metal resonant ring units 40, the equivalent inductance L of the metal resonant ring unit 40 is adjusted according to the size of the side length of each of the split resonant rings 41 on the premise that the side length of the split resonant ring 41 located on the outside thereof is constructed to be in the vicinity of the medium wavelength of an integer multiple, and the equivalent capacitance C of the metal resonant ring unit 40 is adjusted according to the size of the opening of each of the split resonant rings 41.
In order to ensure the qualification rate of the finished products of the existing PCB processing and the etching precision of the compatible PCB, the line width of each split resonant ring or the gap between two adjacent split resonant rings is required to be larger than or equal to 0.1mm. On the premise that the line width of each split ring resonator is w1 for each of the metal ring resonator units on the premise that the side length of the split ring resonator 41 located outside thereof is configured to be in the vicinity of an integral multiple of the medium wavelength, wherein w1 e [0.1mm,0.2mm ]; the size of the opening of each of the split ring resonators is defined as d1, where d1 e [0.4mm,0.8mm ].
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a spacing between adjacent two of the metal resonant ring units 40 is defined as S1 in the row direction, where S1 e [3mm,4mm ].
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 4, the metal resonant ring unit 40 is a single split resonant ring 41, and the split resonant ring 41 has a square shape in appearance.
In case the metal resonator ring unit 40 comprises two mutually nested split resonator rings 41, the gap between the two split resonator rings 41 is defined as X1, wherein X1 e [0.1mm,0.2mm ].
In an operating state in which a magnetic field is perpendicular to the metal resonant ring unit 40, an induced current is generated in the metal resonant ring unit 40, thereby inducing inductance, based on a gap existing between the two split resonant rings 41 and a case where each of the split resonant rings 41 has an opening, thereby generating capacitance to form LC resonance associated with the geometry of the metal resonant ring unit 40. Wherein the LC resonance is related to frequency as follows:
wherein f represents frequency, L represents equivalent inductance of the metal resonant ring unit, and C represents equivalent capacitance of the metal resonant ring unit.
By adjusting the LC value, the resonance point of the metal resonant ring unit is located near the center frequency point of the microstrip antenna array, so that the electromagnetic field cannot propagate in the frequency band, and a forbidden band is generated. The forbidden band effect is utilized to inhibit surface waves and multiple harmonics excited by the microstrip antenna array in the working state, side lobes of the microstrip antenna array are reduced, and directivity of the microstrip antenna array is more concentrated, so that gain of the microstrip antenna array is improved, and performance of the microstrip antenna array is improved.
As shown in fig. 5, in the case where the metal resonant ring unit 40 includes a single split resonant ring 41, an induced current is generated in the metal resonant ring unit 40 in an operating state where a magnetic field is perpendicular to the metal resonant ring unit 40, thereby introducing inductance, and based on the case where the split resonant ring 41 has a split, a capacitance is generated, thereby forming LC resonance associated with the geometry of the metal resonant ring unit 40. Wherein the LC resonance is related to frequency as follows:
wherein f represents frequency, L represents equivalent inductance of the metal resonant ring unit, and C represents equivalent capacitance of the metal resonant ring unit.
On the basis of this premise and on the basis of the vicinity of the dielectric wavelength at which the side length of the split ring resonator 41 is configured to be an integer multiple, a line width of each split ring resonator is defined as w1 for each of the metal ring resonator units, where w1 ε [0.1mm,0.2mm ]; the size of the opening of each of the split ring resonators is defined as d1, where d1 e [0.4mm,0.8mm ].
By adjusting the LC value, the resonance point of the metal resonant ring unit is located near the center frequency point of the microstrip antenna array, so that the electromagnetic field cannot propagate in the frequency band, and a forbidden band is generated. The forbidden band effect is utilized to inhibit surface waves and multiple resonant waves excited by the microstrip antenna array in the working state, side lobes of the microstrip antenna array are reduced, and the directivity of the microstrip antenna array is more concentrated, so that the gain of the microstrip antenna array is improved, and the performance of the microstrip antenna array is improved.
As shown in fig. 6, the geometric shape of the metal resonant ring unit 40 is not limited to the aforementioned square shape, but may include any one of a circular shape, a hexagonal shape, and a rectangular shape; each of the split resonant rings has one or more openings.
Illustratively, a microstrip antenna array is etched on a ROGERS3003 high-frequency circuit board having a thickness of 0.127mm, the side length of the split ring 41 located outside each of the metal resonant ring units 40 is configured to be one time the medium wavelength, for example, 2.2mm, the line width of each of the split ring 41 is designed to be 0.15mm, the size of the opening of each of the split ring 41 is designed to be 0.6mm, and the size of the gap between two adjacent split ring 41 is designed to be 0.1mm, so that magnetic resonance is generated, thereby enabling the band where the forbidden band of the metal resonant ring unit 40 appears to cover the operating band of the microstrip antenna array.
To verify whether the left-handed material is selective to the antenna polarization, both vertically polarized (fig. 1) and horizontally polarized antennas (fig. 7) are used. And loading a plurality of metal resonant ring units (left-handed materials) which are periodically arranged on two sides of the microstrip antenna array, wherein the distance between the plurality of metal resonant ring units (left-handed materials) and the antenna is 0.5 times of the dielectric wavelength or one time of the dielectric wavelength in the direction parallel to the surface of the dielectric substrate. The antenna patterns of the loaded periodic metal resonant ring units are shown in fig. 3 and 8, wherein the dotted line is an unloaded result, the solid line is a loaded result, and the curve comparison shows that the microstrip antenna array beams of the loaded periodic metal resonant ring units have a tendency to converge, the antenna gain is improved, the unit of the horizontal axis azimuth angle is "°" and the unit of the vertical axis gain is "dB".
Further, as shown in fig. 7, a spacing between adjacent two of the metal resonant ring units 40 is defined as S1 in a row direction or in a column direction, where S1 e [3mm,4mm ].
Furthermore, the periodically arranged multiple metal resonant ring units can be realized through a circuit board etching technology, the technology is simple and feasible, the large-scale industrial production is easy, the beams of the microstrip antenna array loaded with the periodically arranged multiple metal resonant ring units (left-handed materials) are obviously narrowed, and the gain is improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, but rather to cover all equivalent variations and modifications in shape, construction, characteristics and spirit according to the scope of the present utility model as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The microstrip antenna array is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate, and a metal grounding plate and a radiation metal sheet which are positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric substrate; the method comprises the steps that a plurality of metal resonant ring units which are periodically arranged are arranged in a blank area of a dielectric substrate on the periphery of a radiation metal sheet, the metal resonant ring units are made of left-handed materials and comprise at least one split resonant ring, each split resonant ring is provided with at least one opening, the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna array is a W frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna array is adjusted according to the geometric dimension of the metal resonant ring units, so that the band with a forbidden band covers the working frequency band of the microstrip antenna array.
2. The microstrip antenna array according to claim 1 wherein,
the metal resonant ring unit comprises two split resonant rings which are nested with each other, and the split directions of the two split resonant rings are opposite.
3. Microstrip antenna array according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
for each metal resonant ring unit, on the premise that the side length of the split resonant ring positioned on the outer side of the metal resonant ring unit is constructed to be in the vicinity of the medium wavelength of an integral multiple, the equivalent inductance of the metal resonant ring unit is adjusted according to the side length of each split resonant ring, and the equivalent capacitance of the metal resonant ring unit is adjusted according to the opening size of each split resonant ring.
4. A microstrip antenna array according to claim 3 wherein, for each of said metallic resonating ring elements,
defining the line width of each split resonant ring as w1, wherein w1 epsilon [0.1mm,0.2mm ];
the size of the opening of each of the split ring resonators is defined as d1, where d1 e [0.4mm,0.8mm ].
5. The microstrip antenna array according to claim 4 wherein,
and defining the distance between two adjacent metal resonant ring units as S1 along the row direction or along the column direction, wherein S1 epsilon [3mm,4mm ].
6. The microstrip antenna array according to claim 4 wherein,
in case the metal resonator ring unit comprises a single split resonator ring,
in an operating state in which the magnetic field is perpendicular to the metal resonator ring unit, an induced current is generated in the metal resonator ring unit, thereby introducing an inductance, based on the fact that the split resonator ring has a split, thereby generating a capacitance, so as to form an LC resonance associated with the geometry of the metal resonator ring unit.
7. The microstrip antenna array according to claim 4 wherein,
in case the metal resonator ring unit comprises two mutually nested split resonator rings, the gap between the two split resonator rings is defined as X1, wherein X1 e [0.1mm,0.2mm ].
8. The microstrip antenna array according to claim 7 wherein,
in an operating state in which the magnetic field is perpendicular to the metal resonator ring unit, an induced current is generated in the metal resonator ring unit, thereby introducing an inductance, based on a gap existing between the two split resonator rings and the case where each of the split resonator rings has an opening, thereby generating a capacitance to form LC resonance associated with the geometry of the metal resonator ring unit.
9. The microstrip antenna array according to claim 1 wherein,
the geometric shape of the metal resonant ring unit comprises any one of square, round, hexagonal and rectangular.
10. The microstrip antenna array according to claim 1 wherein,
the distances between the plurality of metal resonant ring units and the radiating metal sheet are 0.5 times of the medium wavelength or one time of the medium wavelength in the direction parallel to the surface of the medium substrate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321334708.1U CN219959436U (en) | 2023-05-30 | 2023-05-30 | Microstrip antenna array |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321334708.1U CN219959436U (en) | 2023-05-30 | 2023-05-30 | Microstrip antenna array |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN219959436U true CN219959436U (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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| CN202321334708.1U Active CN219959436U (en) | 2023-05-30 | 2023-05-30 | Microstrip antenna array |
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