CN219873822U

CN219873822U - Battery shell structure, battery pack and battery pack

Info

Publication number: CN219873822U
Application number: CN202320969091.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 候占瑞
Original assignee: Svolt Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Svolt Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-04-25
Filing date: 2023-04-25
Publication date: 2023-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-25

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery shell structure, a battery pack and a battery pack. The battery shell structure comprises a shell body and a heat conducting plate arranged in the shell body. Wherein, have the accommodation space that is used for holding electric core unit in the casing body, the heat conduction board includes first part and second part, is formed with the water conservancy diversion chamber with accommodation space intercommunication between first part and the casing body, is equipped with the heat conduction hole that runs through the heat conduction board on the second part, and the one end and the accommodation space intercommunication of heat conduction hole, the other end sets up towards the casing body. The battery shell structure can effectively control the problem of thermal runaway caused by large temperature difference in the battery. And through setting up the heat conduction hole on the second part, with electric core heat conduction to the casing body through the heat conduction hole, be favorable to reducing electric core temperature.

Description

Battery shell structure, battery pack and battery pack

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery shell structure. The utility model also relates to a battery pack and a battery pack with the battery shell structure.

Background

The packaging structure of the battery module in the existing structure mostly adopts an integrated outer frame design, and the module outer frame adopts a prefabricated rectangular closed structure, and the battery is assembled and then uniformly plugged into the module outer frame. The shell of the battery is generally formed by welding a side plate and an end plate, and the battery core is coated and fixed. However, as the energy density of the packaging side plate of the battery module is larger and larger, the battery cells are more and more compact, the temperature between the battery cells cannot be balanced, and the charge and discharge capacities of the battery cells are different, so that the BMS cannot accurately identify the energy storage condition of each battery cell.

In particular, in the case of a blade battery, since the blade battery itself has a long length, it is difficult to cause the air flow in the battery to flow, and when the air pressure in the battery cell suddenly changes, the air is partially blocked, and cannot flow to the explosion-proof valve position quickly, and a safety problem such as thermal runaway is likely to occur.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present utility model is directed to a battery case structure for balancing the temperature of the battery cells and maintaining the internal temperature of the battery module stable.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

a battery shell structure comprises a shell body and a heat conducting plate arranged in the shell body;

the battery cell module comprises a shell body and is characterized in that an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cell unit is formed in the shell body, the heat conducting plate comprises a first part and a second part, a flow guide cavity communicated with the accommodating space is formed between the first part and the shell body, a heat conducting hole penetrating through the heat conducting plate is formed in the second part, one end of the heat conducting hole is communicated with the accommodating space, and the other end of the heat conducting hole faces the shell body.

Further, the heat conduction holes are filled with heat conduction materials, and the two ends of the heat conduction holes are respectively plugged with plugging pieces.

Furthermore, the plugging piece is a plugging film made of PVDF material.

Further, the heat conducting material is made of aluminum nitride.

Further, the first portion is located at an edge of the heat conducting plate, and the first portion is annular and is arranged around the second portion.

Further, one end of the second portion facing the accommodating space is flush with the first portion, and the other end of the second portion is arranged protruding outwards relative to the first portion.

Further, the heat conducting holes are round holes;

the distance between two adjacent heat conducting holes is 15-25 mm, and/or the diameter of each heat conducting hole is 5-6 mm.

Further, the heat conducting plates are arranged at two opposite ends of the shell body.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

according to the battery shell structure, the heat conducting plate is arranged in the shell body, and the flow guiding cavity for air circulation in the power supply is formed between the first part on the heat conducting plate and the shell, so that the problem of thermal runaway caused by large temperature difference in the battery can be effectively controlled. Meanwhile, the heat conduction holes are formed in the second part, and heat of the battery cell is conducted to the shell body through the heat conduction holes, so that the temperature of the battery cell is reduced, and the safety of the battery is improved.

In addition, through filling heat conduction material in the heat conduction hole, can further guarantee the temperature of electric core and conduct to the casing fast, improve the cooling effect. The first part is arranged around the ring shape, so that air in the battery cell circularly flows, and the temperature stability in the battery cell is further improved.

And the distance between the heat conducting holes is 15 mm-25 mm, and/or the diameter of the heat conducting holes is 5 mm-6 mm. Through setting up the diameter scope and the interval of heat conduction hole, can guarantee better heat conduction effect, can further guarantee the security of battery.

Another object of the present utility model is to provide a battery pack employing the battery case structure as described above.

In addition, the utility model also provides a battery pack, and the battery pack is provided with the battery pack.

According to the battery pack and the battery pack, the stability of the temperature of the battery core in the battery pack can be improved by arranging the battery shell structure, so that the use safety of the whole battery pack is improved, the problem of heat spreading is effectively avoided, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing body according to an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a partially cut-away structure of a battery pack according to a third embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a structure of a battery cell and an upper cover plate according to an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a portion of a battery pack according to a third embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a heat conducting plate according to an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a heat conductive plate and a plug according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic top view of a heat conducting plate and a plugging member according to a second embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. a housing body 2 and a heat conduction plate; 3. a blocking member; 4. an upper end plate; 5. a lower end plate; 6. a cell unit;

101. a first portion; 102. a second portion; 103. a diversion cavity, 104, a heat conduction hole; 105. and a transverse diversion channel.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "back", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, in the description of the present utility model, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected," are to be construed broadly, unless otherwise specifically defined. For example, the connection can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integrated connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in combination with specific cases.

The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

Example 1

The present embodiment relates to a battery case structure including a case body 1, and a heat conductive plate 2 provided in the case body 1. Wherein, the housing body 1 has an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cell unit 6, the heat conducting plate 2 includes a first portion 101 and a second portion 102, a flow guiding cavity 103 communicated with the accommodating space is formed between the first portion 101 and the housing body 1, a heat conducting hole 104 penetrating the heat conducting plate 2 is arranged on the second portion 102, one end of the heat conducting hole 104 is communicated with the accommodating space, and the other end faces the housing body 1.

In the battery housing structure of the embodiment, the heat conducting plate 2 is arranged in the housing body 1, and the flow guiding cavity 103 for air circulation in the power supply is formed between the first part 101 on the heat conducting plate 2 and the housing, so that the problem of thermal runaway caused by large temperature difference in the battery can be effectively controlled. Meanwhile, by providing the heat conducting holes 104 on the second portion 102, the heat of the battery cells is conducted to the housing body 1 through the heat conducting holes 104, which is beneficial to reducing the temperature of the battery cells.

Based on the above overall description, as shown in fig. 1, the case body 1 is configured as a rectangular parallelepiped case structure, both ends of the case body 1 are open, and rectangular cavities provided in a conformal manner, which are the above-described accommodation spaces for placing the battery cells 6, are formed.

The battery cell unit 6 of this embodiment is formed by stacking a positive electrode plate, a diaphragm and a negative electrode plate in sequence. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, upper and lower end plates 4 and 5 for closing the openings are provided at the upper and lower ends of the case body 1. Wherein, the upper end plate 4 is provided with an explosion-proof valve for discharging the gas in the accommodating space to reduce the pressure.

In this embodiment, the blade battery is taken as an example for explanation, and the blade battery is characterized in that the blade battery is long, and the airflow is easy to be blocked inside the battery core and is not easy to circulate, so the heat conducting plate 2 of this embodiment is arranged in an extending manner along the length direction of the accommodating space, one side of the heat conducting plate 2 faces the battery core electrode group, and the other side faces the inner wall of the housing body 1.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the upper end plate 4 and the lower end plate 5 of the present embodiment are buckled on the battery cell electrode group, and based on the state shown in fig. 3, the upper end plate 4 and the structural position of the battery cell electrode group are taken as an example, and gaps are formed between the upper end plate 4 and the housing along the width direction, i.e. the X direction, and the thickness direction, i.e. the Z direction, of the battery cell electrode group, the heat conducting plate 2 is vertically arranged along the length direction, i.e. the Y direction, of the battery cell electrode group, the first portion 101 on the heat conducting plate 2 is a flow guiding cavity 103 extending along the Y direction, and the flow guiding cavity 103 is communicated with the gap, so as to form a circulation flow guiding channel of 6 circles of the battery cell unit, thereby achieving a better flow guiding effect and facilitating the temperature stabilization inside the battery cell.

As a preferred embodiment, the heat conduction holes 104 of the present embodiment are filled with a heat conduction material to accelerate the derivation of the internal temperature of the battery cell. Preferably, the heat conducting material is made of aluminum nitride, and the aluminum nitride is good in heat conductivity and small in thermal expansion coefficient, so that heat conduction is facilitated, and thermal expansion deformation can be prevented. Of course, other materials that are resistant to corrosion, thermally conductive, etc. may also be used.

Since the heat conducting material is mostly in powder form, in order to prevent the heat conducting material from losing and affecting the heat conducting effect, the plugging members 3 are plugged at both ends of the heat conducting hole 104. Preferably, the plugging piece 3 is formed into a rectangular film, and the plugging film is made of PVDF material. The blocking film of this embodiment has a thickness of 0.01mm and may be adhesively secured to the second portion 102. The blocking member 3 can block all of the plurality of heat conduction holes 104. And are provided on both sides of the heat conductive plate 1 to block the heat conductive holes 104.

As a preferred embodiment, the end of the second portion 102 facing the accommodation space of the present embodiment is arranged flush with the first portion 101, and the other end of the second portion 102 is arranged protruding with respect to the first portion 101. In a specific structure, as shown in fig. 5 to 7, the heat-conducting plate 2 of the present embodiment is formed into a rectangular plate structure, wherein the first portion 101 is a groove formed at an edge of the plate.

Preferably, the first portion 101 is located at an edge of the heat conductive plate 2, and the first portion 101 is ring-shaped disposed around the second portion 102. In a specific structure, as shown in fig. 5 to 7, the first portion 101 is a groove surrounding the second portion 102, the first portion 101 and the second portion 102 form a step plate body, and in order to protect the flatness of the battery cell, the side of the second portion 102 without a step faces the battery cell pole group, and the side with a step, that is, the side with the first portion 101 faces the housing body 1.

And, the two opposite ends of the housing body 1 of the present embodiment are provided with heat-conducting plates 2. By providing the heat conductive plates 2 on both side surfaces of the case body 1, the first portion 101 can be defined between both side inner walls of the case body 1 and the second portion 102. By the first portion 101 being provided circumferentially, the first portion 101 is able to communicate with the above-mentioned gap between the upper end plate 4, the lower end plate 5 and the housing.

The two first portions 101 form annular channels around the cell electrode group with the upper side gaps and the lower side gaps, so that channels are provided for the circulation of air inside the whole cell, when the temperature of a certain position of the cell is higher, the temperature is reduced through the circulation of air flow, so that the temperature inside the whole cell is balanced and stable, and the occurrence of thermal runaway is avoided.

In addition, the first portion 101 of the present embodiment may be a plurality of arrangements formed on the second portion 102, so as to further increase the channels through which the air flows, and improve the heat dissipation effect.

Moreover, due to the arrangement of the first portion 101, when the internal pressure of the battery cell is too high, gas can circulate through the annular channel at any position and can quickly enter the explosion-proof valve, so that the problems that in the prior art, air cannot smoothly flow to the explosion-proof valve due to different air flows of the blade battery, or the air flows slowly to cause explosion and the like caused by the too high pressure of the internal portion of the battery cell are avoided, and the safety is further improved.

As a preferred embodiment, the heat conducting holes 104 of the present embodiment are round holes, the distance between two adjacent heat conducting holes 104 is between 15mm and 25mm, and the diameter of the heat conducting holes 104 is between 5mm and 6mm. In a specific structure, as shown in fig. 4 to 7, the heat conduction holes 104 are provided as circular through holes. Of course, rectangular holes, polygonal holes or other anisotropic holes, for example, may also be provided.

The diameter of the heat conducting holes 104 may preferably be, for example, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, etc. The spacing of the heat conduction holes 104 may be, for example, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 25mm, etc. The diameter and spacing of the heat conduction holes 104 can be adaptively adjusted according to the length of the heat conduction plate 2.

Example two

The present embodiment relates to a battery housing structure, which is different from the first embodiment in that the heat conducting plate 2 further includes a transverse flow guiding channel 105 disposed between two adjacent heat conducting holes 104, and the transverse flow guiding channel 105 penetrates along the X direction described in the first embodiment and is communicated with the flow guiding cavities 103 on two sides.

As shown in fig. 8, the lateral diversion channel 105 and the diversion cavity 103 described in the first embodiment are formed around the heat conduction holes 104 in a communicating manner, and an annular diversion channel is formed around the periphery of each heat conduction hole 104. By the arrangement, the gas flowing effect can be further improved, and each position in a battery with a longer length such as a blade battery can form gas flowing, so that the temperature of the battery cell unit 6 can be further circularly flowed, and the temperature of the whole battery pack is ensured to be more stable.

In addition, the number of the plugging pieces 3 and the number of the heat conducting holes are in one-to-one correspondence, and the arrangement can provide a better flow guiding space for the annular flow guiding channel.

Example III

The present embodiment relates to a battery pack employing the battery case structure described in embodiment one.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, the battery pack of the present embodiment is composed of the battery case structure and the battery cell unit 6 described in the first embodiment, wherein the Mylar film is coated on the outer side of the battery cell unit 6, and the adhesive substance is attached to the side of the heat-conducting plate 2, which is close to the battery cell electrode group, and is attached to the Mylar film, so that the Mylar-coated electrode group can be reinforced.

According to the battery pack of the embodiment, the battery shell structure is arranged, and the battery core unit 6 is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the battery shell structure, so that the stability and the safety of the battery pack can be improved, and the occurrence of the problem of heat spreading can be effectively prevented.

Example IV

The present embodiment relates to a battery pack, on which the battery pole group described in the second embodiment is provided.

The battery pack of the embodiment has better stability due to the battery pack, so that the performance of the whole battery pack can be ensured, the difference of the charge and discharge capacities of the battery cells is avoided, and the occurrence of thermal runaway condition is prevented.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A battery housing structure, characterized in that:

comprises a shell body and a heat conducting plate arranged in the shell body;

2. The battery case structure according to claim 1, wherein:

the heat conduction holes are filled with heat conduction materials, and the two ends of the heat conduction holes are respectively plugged with plugging pieces.

3. The battery case structure according to claim 2, wherein:

the plugging piece is a plugging film made of PVDF material.

4. The battery case structure according to claim 2, wherein:

the heat conducting material is made of aluminum nitride.

5. The battery case structure according to claim 1, wherein:

the first portion is located at an edge of the heat conductive plate, and the first portion is annular and disposed around the second portion.

6. The battery case structure according to claim 5, wherein:

one end of the second part facing the accommodating space is flush with the first part, and the other end of the second part is arranged in a protruding manner relative to the first part.

7. The battery case structure according to claim 1, wherein:

the heat conducting holes are round holes;

8. The battery case structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein:

the heat conducting plates are arranged at two opposite ends of the shell body.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that:

the battery pack employs the battery case structure as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that:

the battery pack is provided with the battery pack according to claim 9.