CN219864924U - Floating guide fishing spear - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a floating guide fishing spear, which comprises a spear (2), a rotating sleeve (3) and a slip (5), wherein a protective cap (6) and a floating guide cone (7) are connected to the lower end of the spear (2) below the slip (5); the floating guide cone (7) comprises a ball head (701), a guide rod and an outer guide cone (702) which are distributed up and down, wherein the outer guide cone is large in upper part and small in lower part, a concave ball socket is formed in the center of the lower end face of the spear (2), and the ball head (701) is rotationally assembled in the ball socket and can rotate freely under the action of external force; the outer surface of the lower part of the protective cap (6) is provided with a protective cap outer conical surface (602), and the protective cap outer conical surface (602) is reduced from top to bottom and is used for guiding the floating guide fishing spear to smoothly enter the fish cavity; the floating guide fishing spear provided by the utility model can solve the technical problems of low fishing efficiency and ineffective fishing caused by the fact that the fish head is not eccentric, greatly improves the fishing construction efficiency and saves the construction cost.

Description

Floating guide fishing spear

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fishing tool in oilfield production, in particular to a fishing spear for fishing tubular fish (a part of a fish finger well tool which falls into the well due to accidents, such as an oil pipe or a packer, and the like) in oilfield fishing operation.

Background

The oil field enters the later development stage, the workover workload is increased, the working condition of a shaft is also more complicated, the working difficulty is increased continuously, and a fishing spear used in the workover is used for fishing tubular fishes falling in an oil well, and the fishing spear is used for fishing the tubular fishes falling in the oil well by utilizing slips on a spear rod, after the fishing spear falls into a fish cavity of the fishes, the fishing spear is meshed on the inner wall of the fishes to fix the fishing spear with the fishes, and then the lifting spear lifts the fishes out of the oil well. The fish can be locked in the pit when the fishing spear is actually used, namely the fish can not be lifted even if the fishing spear reaches the limit of lifting load when the fishing spear is lifted, at the moment, the lifting load can not be continued, otherwise, the fishing spear can be broken, a new fish is added when the fishing spear falls down in the pit, at the moment, the occlusion between the fishing spear and the fish can only be released, so that the fishing spear can be retracted, and the fishing spear can be separated from the fish through a certain operation.

The retractable fishing spear comprises an upper joint, a spear, a rotating sleeve sleeved on the spear, and a slip sleeved on the spear and connected with the lower end of the rotating sleeve, wherein the upper end of the spear is fixedly connected with the upper joint, the lower end of the spear is fixedly connected with a guide cone, the spear is provided with a track groove and a spear outer conical surface, the track groove comprises a reversing groove, a long track groove and a short track groove which are connected through the reversing groove, the long track groove and the short track groove are alternately arranged on the spear along the circumferential direction, a sliding pin which is slidably assembled in the track groove is fixed on the rotating sleeve, the slip comprises a split tile, the inner surface of the split tile is provided with a slip inner conical surface which is matched with the spear outer conical surface, so that the slip can be expanded/contracted when the slip moves up and down relative to the spear, and the spear outer conical surface of the spear can be expanded outwards when the slip moves down relative to the spear. When the fishing spear is used, after the fishing spear enters the fish, the fishing spear can be lifted up to open the slips to clamp the fish, and the fishing spear is lifted up continuously to realize the fishing operation. If the fish is caught, the drilling tool can be hit downwards, the slip inner conical surface of the slip is separated from the spear outer conical surface of the spear, the sliding pin slides into the short track groove under the action of the reversing groove, at the moment, the descending position of the slip is limited by the sliding pin in the section track, the slip inner conical surface of the slip cannot descend to a position matched with the spear outer conical surface on the spear relative to the spear, so that even the upward-lifting spear slip cannot be expanded, the slip has no expansion force on the fish at the moment, and the fishing spear can smoothly ascend and withdraw the fish.

Above-mentioned among the prior art drag for the spear, need not rotate the tubular column and just can realize dragging for the spear and the seizing/separation of fish, and then realize fishing for the fish or drag for the spear and take out, but the spear lower extreme of dragging for the spear among the prior art all adopts the rigidity guide cone in order to introduce fish chamber (the inner chamber of fish), and in the fishing operation in-process, because of the phenomenon that the fish head frequently appears the position and deviate from the center, partial still eccentric is great, thereby cause fishing efficiency and success rate low, especially to the fishing of highly deviated well or horizontal well, the transmission effect is poor because the tubular column is rotatory, and debris is more in the well, often can lead to salvaging inely, influence oil gas production.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a floating guide fishing spear, which solves the technical problem that the fishing efficiency is low because a guide cone at the lower end of the fishing spear is difficult to enter a fish cavity under the condition of incorrect eccentricity of a fish head in the prior art.

The utility model relates to a floating guide fishing spear, which comprises a spear, a rotating sleeve and a slip, wherein the rotating sleeve and the slip are fixedly connected and movably sleeved on the spear together; the floating guide cone comprises a ball head, a guide rod and an outer guide cone which are distributed up and down, the center of the lower end surface of the spear is provided with a concave ball socket, and the ball head is rotationally assembled in the ball socket and can rotate freely under the action of external force; the protective cap is in a sleeve shape, the upper part of the protective cap is fixedly connected with the lower end part of the spear, the middle part in the protective cap is provided with an annular inward turning edge, the inward turning edge is used for blocking the ball head of the floating guide cone upwards, the inner surface of the lower part of the protective cap is used for limiting the moving range of the guide rod, the outer surface of the lower part of the protective cap is provided with a protective cap outer conical surface, and the protective cap outer conical surface is reduced from top to bottom and used for guiding the floating guide spear to smoothly enter the fish cavity.

According to the floating guide fishing spear provided by the utility model, the lower end of the spear adopts a floating guide cone structure which is universal and floats in a proper movable range, if the fish top is not eccentric, the outer guide cone at the tail end of the floating guide cone at the lower end of the floating guide fishing spear can rotate under the action of downward external force when contacting the eccentric fish top, so that the outer guide cone can rotate along with the upper end of the floating guide cone and can enter the fish cavity, and a tool is quickly introduced into the fish cavity; meanwhile, the protective cap arranged at the lower end of the spear can better correspond to the radial dimension of the fish in addition to limiting the moving range of the floating guide cone, and the outer conical surface of the protective cap is reduced from top to bottom so as to guide the spear to be introduced into the fish cavity more smoothly. The utility model is applied in the operation of salvaging the pipe column, and the field application shows that: the utility model well solves the technical problems of low salvaging efficiency and ineffective salvaging caused by the eccentric misalignment of the fish head, greatly improves the salvaging construction efficiency and saves the construction cost.

Further, the inner surface of the lower part of the protective cap is a protective cap inner conical surface which is expanded from top to bottom, and the protective cap inner conical surface is used for expanding the moving range of the guide rod along the radial direction.

Further, a water hole which penetrates through the floating guide cone up and down is arranged in the center of the floating guide cone.

Further, the spear is provided with a track groove and a spear outer conical surface which are distributed up and down, and the slips are sleeved on the upper part of the spear outer conical surface; the lower end of the spear is provided with external threads below the external conical surface of the spear, and the upper end of the protective cap is provided with internal threads and external threads outside the tail end of the spear for connection.

Further, the upper end of the spear is fixedly connected with an upper joint, the upper end of the spear is provided with upper end threads, and the threads at the lower part of the upper joint are connected with the upper end threads at the upper end of the spear.

Further, the track groove comprises a reversing groove, a long track groove and a short track groove which are connected through the reversing groove, and a sliding pin which is slidingly assembled in the track groove is fixed on the rotating sleeve.

Further, the upper end of the slip is in threaded connection with the lower end of the rotary sleeve.

Further, the slip upper end is provided with an external thread section, the lower end of the rotating sleeve is provided with a sheath joint, an internal thread section is arranged in the sheath joint, the sliding pin is arranged on the external thread section of the slip and radially penetrates through the side wall of the slip, and the internal thread section of the sheath joint of the rotating sleeve is enclosed outside the sliding pin.

Furthermore, the lower part of the slip is a split tile, split through grooves axially extending to the tail ends of the split tiles are uniformly distributed in the middle of the slip, the lower end of the split tile is provided with a slip inner conical surface, and the slip inner conical surface is used for being matched with a spear outer conical surface of the lower part of the spear to realize elastic expansion and retraction of the split tile.

Further, the outer surface of the split tile is provided with a sawtooth screw thread. The saw tooth screw thread is used for increasing roughness, so that the slips can clamp the fish more easily.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

in the figure:

1. an upper joint; 2. a lance; 201. a reversing groove; 202. a track elongated slot; 203. a track short groove; 204. an outer conical surface of the lance; 205. an inner spherical surface; 3. a rotating sleeve; 4. a sliding pin; 5. a slip; 501. a sheath joint; 502. split tiles; 503. slip inner conical surface; 504. a split groove; 6. a protective cap; 601. the inner conical surface of the protective cap; 602. the outer conical surface of the protective cap; 7. a floating guide cone; 701. ball head; 702. an outer guide cone.

Detailed Description

An embodiment of a floating guide fishing spear (hereinafter or simply referred to as a fishing spear) of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, comprises an upper joint 1, a spear 2, a rotating sleeve 3 sleeved on the spear 2, a slip 5 sleeved on the spear 2 and connected to the lower end of the rotating sleeve 3, wherein the upper end of the spear 2 is fixedly connected with the upper joint 1, the upper end of the spear 2 is provided with upper threads, and the threads at the lower part of the upper joint 1 are connected with the upper threads at the upper end of the spear 2.

The lance 2 is provided with rail grooves and lance outer conical surfaces 204 which are distributed up and down, the rail grooves comprise a reversing groove 201 and long rail grooves and short rail grooves which are connected through the reversing groove 201, and the long rail grooves and the short rail grooves are alternately distributed on the lance 2 along the circumferential direction.

The rotating sleeve 3 is of a sleeve-shaped structure, and the lower part of the rotating sleeve 3 is provided with external threads. The sliding pin 4 which is assembled in the track groove in a sliding way is fixed on the rotating sleeve 3, the rotating sleeve 3 is sleeved on the spear 2, the sliding pin 4 is fixedly arranged inside the rotating sleeve 3 along the radial direction, the sliding pin 4 is slidably arranged in the track groove, the reversing groove 201 is connected with the long track groove and the short track groove, and when the sliding pin 4 moves up and down, the sliding pin 4 rotates and reverses through the reversing groove 201 and respectively enters the long track groove, the short track groove and the middle track groove to slide flexibly. Both the slide pin 4 and the swivel 3 can be moved up and down integrally and swiveled in a reversing manner via the reversing groove 201, into a long track groove or into a short track groove and slid flexibly.

The spear 2 is provided with a spear outer conical surface 204 with a small upper part and a large lower part below the track groove, the slips 5 are sleeved on the upper part of the spear outer conical surface 204, and the slips 5, the rotating sleeve 3 and the sliding pin 4 are fixed together and can move up and down along the axial direction of the spear 2 and rotate in a reversing way through the reversing groove 201.

The upper end of the slip 5 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the rotating sleeve 3, specifically, the upper end of the slip 5 is provided with an external thread section, the lower end of the rotating sleeve 3 is provided with a sheath joint 501, an internal thread section is arranged in the sheath joint 501, the sliding pin 4 is arranged on the external thread section of the slip 5 and radially penetrates through the side wall of the slip 5, and the internal thread section of the sheath joint 501 of the rotating sleeve 3 surrounds the outside of the sliding pin 4, so that the sliding pin 4 is protected and limited.

The slips 5 are sleeved on the upper part of the spear outer conical surface 204 of the spear 2, the upper end of the slips 5 is provided with a sheath joint 501 used for being connected with the rotating sleeve 3, the sliding pin 4 is protected and limited, the lower part of the slips 5 is provided with split tiles 502 with saw-tooth threads on the outer surface, split through grooves axially reaching the tail ends of the split tiles 502 are uniformly distributed in the middle part of the slips 5, the lower end of the split tiles 502 is provided with a slip inner conical surface 503, and the slips inner conical surface 503 is matched with the spear outer conical surface 204 of the lower part of the spear 2, so that the split tiles 502 are elastically expanded and retracted. The lower part of the slips 5 is provided with zigzag split tiles 502, split through grooves which extend to the tail ends of the split tiles 502 along the axial direction are uniformly distributed in the middle part of the slips 5, the inner side surface of the lower end part of each split tile 502 is a slip inner conical surface 503 which is small at the upper part and large at the lower part and is used for being matched with the outer conical surface 204 of the spear, so that the slips 5 can be expanded/contracted when moving up and down relative to the spear 2, all the split tiles 502 encircle into tapered inner holes to be matched with the outer conical surface 204 of the spear at the lower part of the spear 2, and the elastic expansion and retraction of the split tiles 502 are realized through the relative movement between the spear 2 and the slips 5 in the up and down direction, and when the slips 5 move down relative to the spear 2, the outer conical surface 204 of the spear 2 can expand the split tiles 502. Specifically, when the slips 5 move up and down along the spear 2, the swivel 3 and the slide pin 4 can rotate freely and are reversed by the reversing groove 201, and enter the long and short track grooves and slide flexibly. When the sliding pin 4 is in the long track groove of the spear 2, the spear 2 is lifted, the spear outer conical surface 204 of the spear 2 can be in contact fit with the slip inner conical surface 503, the elasticity of the split tile 502 is expanded, and the split tile is bitten on the inner wall of a falling object, so that salvaging is realized. When the slide pin 4 is in the short track groove of the lance 2, the lance 2 is lifted, the lance outer tapered surface 204 of the lance 2 cannot be in contact engagement with the slip inner tapered surface 503, and the split tiles 502 are in a retracted state, so that the lance can be withdrawn from the fall cavity.

The lower end of the spear 2 is connected with a floating guide cone 7, the center of the lower end surface of the spear 2 is provided with a concave ball socket, the ball socket is a smooth spherical cambered surface, the upper part of the floating guide cone 7 is provided with a ball head 701 which is rotationally assembled in the ball socket, and the ball head 701 can freely rotate under the action of external force; the middle part of the floating guide cone 7 is a columnar guide rod, the lower end of the floating guide cone 7 is an outer guide cone 702 with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the universal floating of the floating guide cone 7 is realized so as to enter the fish cavity more smoothly. The center of the floating guide cone 7 is provided with a water hole which is used for conveying liquid so as to ensure that the fish tops are circularly washed after the fishing spear is in place.

The lower end of the lance 2 is provided with external threads below the lance external conical surface 204 and is connected with a protective cap 6, the protective cap 6 is in a sleeve shape, the upper end of the protective cap 6 is provided with internal threads and external threads outside the tail end of the lance 2, the middle part in the protective cap 6 is provided with an annular inversion edge, the inversion edge is used for blocking the ball head 701 of the floating guide cone 7 upwards, the inversion edge in the sheath forms a ball socket blocking edge positioned at the opening of the lower end of the ball socket of the lance 2, and the floating guide cone 7 is subjected to upward limiting fixation so as to block the ball head 701 after the ball head 701 enters the ball socket and prevent the ball head 701 from falling out of the ball socket.

The inner surface and the outer surface of the lower part of the protective cap 6 are conical surfaces, and the protective cap comprises: the inner cone surface 601 of the protective cap and the outer cone surface 602 of the protective cap expand from top to bottom, limit the moving range of the guide rod of the floating guide cone 7, expand the moving range of the floating guide cone 7 radially outwards, and shrink the outer cone surface 602 of the protective cap from top to bottom, so as to guide the fishing spear to be smoothly led into the fish cavity. The center of the floating guide cone 7 is provided with a water hole, so that the tool can be circularly washed on the fish top after being in place, and the lower end of the floating guide cone 7 is provided with an outer guide cone 702 which is reduced from top to bottom, so that the floating guide cone 7 can smoothly enter the fish cavity.

In the embodiment of the floating guide fishing spear, when the floating guide fishing spear is used, the upper joint 1 is connected with a well-entering drilling string, the sliding pin 4 of the fishing spear is arranged in the track long groove 202 of the spear 2, a lowering tool is put into a well, when the floating guide fishing spear is put down to a fish roof (the top of a fish), an operator observes the hanging weight and the square entering of the well-entering drilling string in an initial state (the square entering refers to the length of the drilling string below a wellhead, and records whether the monitoring square entering can judge whether a drilling rod ascends or descends or not.

Slowly lowering into the well drill string, if the fish top is not eccentric, the outer guide cone 702 at the tail end of the floating guide cone 7 at the lower end of the floating guide fishing spear is contacted with the eccentric fish top, and under the action of downward external force, the ball head 701 at the upper end of the floating guide cone 7 can rotate, so that the outer guide cone 702 rotates along with the ball head 701 and can enter the fish cavity, and the tool is quickly introduced into the fish cavity. Meanwhile, an operator observes and records the change condition of the fish bumping side (the length of the drill string below the wellhead when the floating guide fishing spear bumps the fish) and the fish entering side (the length of the drill string below the wellhead when the floating guide fishing spear enters the fish).

The well drilling string is lifted up, the spear 2 moves upwards, the spear outer conical surface 204 of the spear 2 is in contact fit with the slip inner conical surface 503 until the split tiles 502 are elastically expanded to be bitten on the inner wall of the fish cavity, then the well drilling string is continuously lifted up in a trial mode, the lifting weight is increased, the well drilling string can be lifted up, the situation that the fish is caught is indicated, and the well drilling string can be lifted up and taken out to complete the fishing operation. When the lifting-in well drilling column is not pulled and the suspension weight exceeds the limit, the falling fish is blocked, the well drilling column is driven down at the moment to avoid the expansion of accidents, the spear 2 is driven down and lifted up slowly, the sliding pin 4 enters the track short groove 203 of the spear 2 through the reversing groove 201 of the spear 2, the spear outer conical surface 204 and the slip inner conical surface 503 of the spear 2 are separated, the split tile 502 is retracted to leave the inner wall of the fish cavity, the lifting-in well drilling column is continued, and the tool can be withdrawn and lifted out of the well.

Claims (10)

1. The floating guide fishing spear comprises a spear body (2), a rotating sleeve (3) and a slip (5), wherein the rotating sleeve (3) and the slip (5) are fixedly connected and movably sleeved on the spear body (2) together, and the floating guide fishing spear is characterized in that a protective cap (6) and a floating guide cone (7) are connected to the lower end of the spear body (2) below the slip (5); the floating guide cone (7) comprises a ball head (701), a guide rod and an outer guide cone (702) which are distributed up and down, wherein the outer guide cone is large in upper part and small in lower part, a concave ball socket is formed in the center of the lower end face of the spear (2), and the ball head (701) is rotationally assembled in the ball socket and can rotate freely under the action of external force; the protective cap (6) is in a sleeve shape, the upper part of the protective cap (6) is fixedly connected with the lower end part of the spear (2), the middle part in the protective cap (6) is provided with an annular inward turning edge, the inward turning edge is used for blocking a ball head (701) of the floating guide cone (7) upwards, the inner surface of the lower part of the protective cap (6) is used for limiting the moving range of the guide rod, the outer surface of the lower part of the protective cap (6) is provided with a protective cap outer conical surface (602), and the protective cap outer conical surface (602) is reduced from top to bottom and is used for guiding the floating guide spear to smoothly enter the fish cavity.

2. The floating guide fishing spear according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the lower part of the helmet (6) is a helmet inner conical surface (601) expanding from top to bottom, and the helmet inner conical surface (601) is used for expanding the moving range of the guide rod in the radial direction.

3. The floating guide fishing spear according to claim 1, wherein the center of the floating guide cone (7) is provided with a water hole which penetrates through the floating guide cone (7) up and down.

4. A floating guide fishing spear according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the spear (2) is provided with a track groove and a spear outer conical surface (204) which are distributed up and down, and the slips (5) are sleeved on the upper part of the spear outer conical surface (204); the lower end part of the spear (2) is provided with external threads below the outer conical surface (204) of the spear, and the upper end part of the protective cap (6) is provided with internal threads which are connected with external threads outside the tail end of the spear (2).

5. The floating guide fishing spear according to claim 4, wherein the upper end of the spear (2) is fixedly connected with an upper joint (1), the upper end of the spear (2) is provided with upper end threads, and the threads at the lower part of the upper joint (1) are connected with the upper end threads at the upper end of the spear (2).

6. The floating guide fishing spear according to claim 4, wherein the track grooves comprise a reversing groove (201) and a long track groove and a short track groove which are connected through the reversing groove (201), and the sliding pin (4) which is slidingly assembled in the track groove is fixed on the rotating sleeve (3).

7. The floating guide fishing spear according to claim 6, wherein the upper end of the slip (5) is threaded with the lower end of the swivel (3).

8. The floating guide fishing spear according to claim 7, wherein the upper end of the slip (5) is provided with an external thread section, the lower end of the swivel (3) is provided with a sheath joint (501), an internal thread section is provided in the sheath joint (501), the sliding pin (4) is mounted on the external thread section of the slip (5) and radially penetrates through the side wall of the slip (5), and the internal thread section of the sheath joint (501) of the swivel (3) is enclosed outside the sliding pin (4).

9. The floating guide fishing spear according to claim 4, wherein the lower portion of the slip (5) is provided with split tiles (502), split through grooves extending from the axial direction to the tail ends of the split tiles (502) are uniformly distributed in the middle of the slip (5), the lower end of the split tiles (502) is provided with a slip inner conical surface (503), and the slip inner conical surface (503) is used for being matched with a spear outer conical surface (204) of the lower portion of the spear (2) to realize elastic expansion and retraction of the split tiles (502).

10. The floating guide spear of claim 9 wherein the outer surface of the split tiles (502) is provided with saw tooth threads.