CN219833010U - High-gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna array and planar array - Google Patents
High-gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna array and planar array Download PDFInfo
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- CN219833010U CN219833010U CN202320612671.8U CN202320612671U CN219833010U CN 219833010 U CN219833010 U CN 219833010U CN 202320612671 U CN202320612671 U CN 202320612671U CN 219833010 U CN219833010 U CN 219833010U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of communication signal transmission, and discloses a high-gain microwave antenna based on a microstrip antenna array and a plane array, which comprises a servo turntable, wherein a sidelobe cutting antenna is arranged at the top of the servo turntable; the antenna array has the advantages of remarkable advantages in the aspects of structure and antenna performance, light weight, small size, simple feeding mode and easy processing and manufacturing, and has the characteristics of high gain, high efficiency and flexible beam control in the aspect of antenna performance, the feeding line and the patch are coupled through one microstrip patch to realize the feeding of the antenna, the bandwidth (VSWR is less than or equal to 2) can be increased by more than 30 percent, and meanwhile, the gain is greatly improved when the antenna array is formed due to the characteristic that the feeding and the radiation patch are not on the same plane, the radiation is not influenced, and the complexity of the array is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of communication signal transmission, and particularly relates to a high-gain microwave antenna based on a microstrip antenna array and a plane array.
Background
The antennas are devices for radiating and receiving electromagnetic waves, and can be classified into two types, namely, a mechanical scanning antenna and a phased array antenna according to a beam scanning operation principle. The mechanical scanning antenna drives the antenna body to rotate through servo, so that mechanical beam scanning is realized, the manufacturing process is simple, the cost is low, the mechanical scanning antenna is widely used in the civil and military fields such as communication, radar and the like, but the mechanical scanning antenna has single beam and low scanning speed, and is difficult to meet the signal receiving requirements of a large range and multiple targets; the phased array antenna realizes beam synthesis and electronic scanning by controlling the phases of a plurality of radiation arrays, has the advantages of high gain, flexible beam and the like, but has high cost and huge volume, and is mainly applied to the fields of high-end equipment and military.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a high-gain microwave antenna based on a microstrip antenna array and a planar array, which has the advantages of high gain, large bandwidth, small volume, light weight, low profile, capability of conforming to a carrier, easiness in integration with a microstrip line, easiness in realization of linear polarization or circular polarization and low price, and solves the problems that the current mechanical scanning antenna has single wave beam, low scanning speed, difficulty in meeting the requirement of receiving signals in a large range and multiple targets and the phased array antenna has high cost and huge volume in realizing wave beam synthesis and electronic scanning by controlling the phases of a plurality of radiation arrays.
The technical aim of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: the high-gain microwave antenna based on the microstrip antenna array and the plane array comprises a servo turntable, a side lobe cutting antenna is arranged at the top of the servo turntable, and a high-gain antenna is arranged on the front face of the side lobe cutting antenna.
The technical scheme is adopted: the antenna has the characteristics of high gain, large bandwidth, small volume, light weight, low profile, capability of conforming to a carrier, easiness in integration with a microstrip line, easiness in realization of linear polarization or circular polarization and low price, under the condition of the same gain and bandwidth performance, the manufacturing cost of the antenna is 1/5 of that of the existing phased array antenna, the equipment volume is 1/3 of that of the existing mechanical scanning antenna, the antenna can adjust the receiving direction through a servo turntable, and local control can be performed through a servo controller panel of the servo turntable or network remote control can be performed through matched software.
The utility model further provides that the high-gain antenna comprises a reflecting plate, wherein the front surface of the reflecting plate is adhered with a lower dielectric substrate, the front surface of the lower dielectric substrate is corroded with a microstrip line, the front surface of the lower dielectric substrate is adhered with a grounding plate, the inside of the grounding plate is provided with a coupling gap, the front surface of the grounding plate is provided with a microstrip patch, the front surface of the microstrip patch is adhered with an upper dielectric substrate, the front surface of the upper dielectric substrate is provided with an antenna housing, the grounding plate is adhered with the upper dielectric substrate, the upper dielectric substrate is made of an epoxy glass cloth single-sided copper-clad plate (FR 4), and the thickness delta 1 =2mm, dielectric constant about 4.6, lower dielectric substrate material is polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth laminated double-sided copper clad laminate, thickness delta 2 =1 mm, dielectric constant 2.55, open-ended microstrip line, parallel to the narrow sides and passing through the center of the coupling slot, line width 2.8mm, characteristic impedance 50 Ω, and the reflective plate material is aluminum plate.
The technical scheme is adopted: the microstrip patch and the microstrip line are separated by the microstrip line, the radiation of the microstrip line does not influence the radiation of the microstrip patch, and the microstrip patch and the feed network can respectively adopt base materials with different dielectric constants and thicknesses to realize the optimization of respective performances, so that the impedance matching is easy to realize.
The utility model is further arranged that the back surface of the microstrip patch corresponds to the coupling gap.
The technical scheme is adopted: the coupling gap is utilized to enable microwave signals of the microstrip line to be coupled to the microstrip patch on the front face of the grounding plate through the coupling gap, so that excitation of the microstrip patch is realized.
The utility model is further arranged such that the microstrip line is located at the bottom of the coupling slot.
The technical scheme is adopted: so that the microwave signal of the microstrip line can be coupled to the microstrip patch.
The utility model further provides that the gap between the lower dielectric substrate and the grounding plate is filled with glue.
The technical scheme is adopted: the sealing performance of the connection between the lower dielectric substrate and the grounding plate is ensured, and the situation that the lower dielectric substrate and the grounding plate are separated due to the existence of the microstrip line is avoided.
The utility model further provides that the gap between the grounding plate and the upper dielectric substrate is filled with glue.
The technical scheme is adopted: the connection tightness between the grounding plate and the upper medium substrate is ensured, and the situation that the grounding plate and the upper medium substrate are separated due to the existence of the microstrip patch is avoided.
In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. the utility model combines the advantages of the reflecting surface antenna and the microstrip array antenna, has obvious advantages in the aspects of structure and antenna performance, has the characteristics of light weight, small volume, simple feed mode, easy processing and manufacturing, high gain, high efficiency and flexible beam control in the aspect of antenna performance;
2. the utility model forms the coupling between the feeder line and the patch by a microstrip patch, realizes the feeding of the antenna, can increase the bandwidth (VSWR is less than or equal to 2) by more than 30 percent, and simultaneously, the gain is greatly improved when the antenna array is formed due to the characteristic that the feeding and the radiation patch are not on the same plane, the radiation is not influenced, and the complexity of the array is effectively reduced;
3. compared with the common microwave antenna, the antenna has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low profile, conformal shape with a carrier, easy integration with a microstrip line, easy realization of linear polarization or circular polarization, higher gain and larger bandwidth, and the main lobe gain and other core performances being more than 3 times of those of the traditional microwave antenna;
4. compared with the complex system antenna such as phased array antenna, the utility model has the advantages that the main material of the product is the film or the gold-plated aluminum plate, the analog array is formed by microstrip processing, the single array is not required to be independently designed and produced, the electronic devices such as a phase shifter and the like are not required, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, and the cost of the antenna is 1/5 of that of the existing phased array antenna under the condition of the same gain and bandwidth performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high gain antenna according to the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the back side of the structure of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit of a slot-coupled microstrip patch antenna of the present utility model.
Reference numerals: 1. a servo turntable; 2. a side lobe cutting antenna; 3. a high gain antenna; 31. a reflection plate; 32. a lower dielectric substrate; 33. a microstrip line; 34. a ground plate; 35. a coupling slit; 36. a microstrip patch; 37. an upper dielectric substrate; 38. an antenna housing.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a high gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna array and planar array comprises a servo turntable 1, a side lobe cutting antenna 2 is installed at the top of the servo turntable 1, a high gain antenna 3 is installed at the front of the side lobe cutting antenna 2, the high gain antenna 3 comprises a reflecting plate 31, a lower layer dielectric substrate 32 is adhered to the front of the reflecting plate 31, a microstrip line 33 is corroded at the front of the lower layer dielectric substrate 32, a grounding plate 34 is adhered to the front of the lower layer dielectric substrate 32, a coupling gap 35 is formed in the grounding plate 34, a microstrip patch 36 is arranged at the front of the grounding plate 34, an upper layer dielectric substrate 37 is adhered to the front of the microstrip patch 36, an antenna housing 38 is installed at the front of the upper layer dielectric substrate 37, an antenna housing 34 is adhered to the upper layer dielectric substrate 37, the back of the microstrip patch 36 corresponds to the coupling gap 35, the microstrip line 33 is positioned at the bottom of the coupling gap 35, the gap is filled between the lower layer medium substrate 32 and the grounding plate 34 by glue, the gap is filled between the grounding plate 34 and the upper layer medium substrate 37 by glue, the advantages of the reflecting surface antenna and the microstrip array antenna are combined, the antenna structure has remarkable advantages in the aspects of structure and antenna performance, the antenna array has light weight, small volume and simple feeding mode, is easy to process and manufacture, the antenna has the characteristics of high gain, high efficiency and flexible beam control in the aspect of antenna performance, the feeding line and the patch are formed by one microstrip patch 36 to realize the feeding of the antenna, the bandwidth (VSWR is less than or equal to 2) can be increased by more than 30 percent, meanwhile, the gain is greatly improved when the antenna array is formed by the feeding and the radiation patch which are not on the same plane, the antenna has the advantages that the complexity of array combination is effectively reduced, compared with a common microwave antenna, the antenna has small volume, light weight and low profile, can be conformal with a carrier, is easy to integrate with a microstrip line, is easy to realize linear polarization or circular polarization, so as to obtain higher gain and larger bandwidth, the core performance of main lobe gain and the like is more than 3 times that of the traditional microwave antenna, compared with a phased array antenna and other complex system antennas, the main material of the antenna is a film or a gold-plated aluminum plate, an analog array is formed through microstrip processing, independent design production of a single array is not needed, and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, and under the same gain and bandwidth performance conditions, the antenna manufacturing cost is 1/5 of that of the existing phased array antenna.
The use process is briefly described: the adopted slot coupling microstrip antenna array is characterized in that a coupling slot 35 is formed in the grounding plate 34, microwave signals of the microstrip line 33 are coupled to the microstrip patch 36 through the coupling slot 35, excitation of the patch is realized, and then the microstrip patch 36 radiates energy outwards, and the caliber coupling feeding mode overcomes many defects of the traditional feeding mode of the microstrip antenna, such as the fact that the larger inductance introduced by axial feeding is not beneficial to impedance matching of the antenna, the distance between the feeder and the radiating patch is very close, and meanwhile, the radiation can overlap each other, so that the antenna performance is deteriorated;
meanwhile, the microstrip patch 36 and the microstrip line 33 are separated by the grounding plate 34, the radiation of the microstrip line 33 almost does not influence the radiation of the microstrip patch 36, and the microstrip patch 36 and the feeding network can respectively adopt base materials with different dielectric constants and thicknesses to realize the optimization of the respective performances, so that the impedance matching is easy to realize;
and can be seen in fig. 4:
total input impedance:
wherein the characteristic impedance is that the wave number is k f ，Z c n 2 Approximately equal to L a /(W e h) 1/2 Wherein W is e Is the effective width of the microstrip line 33.
The microstrip patch antenna with slot coupling feed has an upper dielectric substrate 37 with a low dielectric constant for facilitating radiation, and a lower dielectric substrate 32 with a high dielectric constant for confining a field in a feed line, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is increased, which can be achieved by increasing the thickness of the dielectric substrate and decreasing the dielectric constant.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present utility model and is not to be construed as limiting the present utility model, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present utility model as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a high-gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna array and plane array, includes servo revolving stage (1), its characterized in that: and a side lobe cutting antenna (2) is arranged at the top of the servo turntable (1), and a high-gain antenna (3) is arranged on the front surface of the side lobe cutting antenna (2).
2. The high gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna array and planar array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-gain antenna (3) comprises a reflecting plate (31), a lower layer dielectric substrate (32) is bonded on the front surface of the reflecting plate (31), a microstrip line (33) is corroded on the front surface of the lower layer dielectric substrate (32), a grounding plate (34) is bonded on the front surface of the lower layer dielectric substrate (32), a coupling gap (35) is formed in the grounding plate (34), a microstrip patch (36) is arranged on the front surface of the grounding plate (34), an upper layer dielectric substrate (37) is bonded on the front surface of the microstrip patch (36), a radome (38) is mounted on the front surface of the upper layer dielectric substrate (37), and bonding is performed between the grounding plate (34) and the upper layer dielectric substrate (37).
3. A high gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna elements and planar arrays as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the back of the microstrip patch (36) corresponds to the coupling slot (35).
4. A high gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna elements and planar arrays as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the microstrip line (33) is located at the bottom of the coupling slot (35).
5. A high gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna elements and planar arrays as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and gaps between the lower dielectric substrate (32) and the grounding plate (34) are filled with glue.
6. A high gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna elements and planar arrays as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and the gap between the grounding plate (34) and the upper dielectric substrate (37) is filled with glue.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320612671.8U CN219833010U (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | High-gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna array and planar array |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320612671.8U CN219833010U (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | High-gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna array and planar array |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN219833010U true CN219833010U (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202320612671.8U Active CN219833010U (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | High-gain microwave antenna based on microstrip antenna array and planar array |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN219833010U (en) |
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- 2023-03-27 CN CN202320612671.8U patent/CN219833010U/en active Active
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