CN219827566U - 一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，属于通信管塔技术领域。减振阻尼器设于通信单管塔塔尖避雷针的周边；减振阻尼器包括一箱体，箱体中设有阻尼液；箱体中还设有垂直于水平面的多个隔板；隔板上设有用于阻尼液进出的通液孔。本实用新型通过对单管塔的结构分析，结合振动学和阻尼器原理，提供一种在塔杆顶部设置的调谐流体阻尼器；以减小结构振幅，减少塔杆顶部悬挂的通信天线的晃动幅度，从而减小通信微波的发射角度偏离，稳定通信信号；另外，振动幅度的减少，也减少了塔杆底部弯矩值，从而减少了塔杆因振动损坏的风险，提高了塔杆的寿命和可靠性；使塔杆的总体质量减轻，降低总体建设造价。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，属于通信管塔技术领域。
背景技术
用于电信通讯的钢塔桅杆作为电信信号发射末端的承载结构，其重要性不言而喻，尤其是随着我国5G技术和产品的高速发展，电信信号发射末端的密度会越来越大。根据移动通信工程钢塔桅结构设计规范的相关内容可知，为了保证使用的可靠性和稳定性，一般要求设计寿命为50年，并且对挂有微波天线的塔桅结构的水平位移以及塔(杆)身挠度角和扭转角均有一定的工艺参数要求。比如，自立式塔架塔身中心垂直倾斜不得大于全塔高度的1/1500，对于单管塔、枙杆中心垂直倾斜不得大于全塔高度的1/750；顶部偏转不得大于1/75,绝对扭转角不得大于2°等。显然，塔桅结构的稳定性关乎着通信信号的稳定性与可靠性。但这类塔桅杆均属于细长高耸类结构，布置在室外空旷区域或效外居多，风控特性明显，极易发生横风向振动。经分析，对常用的35m单管塔，顶部位移最大可达近1米，扭转角最大可超4°。有的项目为了满足验收规范，不得不通过增加壁厚的方式增加质量以改变结构阻尼比，减小横风向振动造成的过度偏移和扭转。另外，在一些容易发生地震和产生横风向共振的区域，还很容易造成塔桅杆结构破坏或应力疲劳损坏，而且每年均有一定比例发生，造成区域信号丢失及产生重新建造费用。因此，本技术领域亟需解决如何提高通信单管塔结构的安全性，减小横风向振动而造成的过度偏移和扭转的技术问题。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的是为解决如何提高通信单管塔结构的安全性，减小横风向振动而造成的过度偏移和扭转的技术问题。
为达到解决上述问题的目的，本实用新型所采取的技术方案是提供一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，减振阻尼器设于通信单管塔塔尖避雷针的周边；减振阻尼器包括一箱体，箱体中设有阻尼液；箱体中还设有垂直于水平面的多个隔板；隔板上设有用于阻尼液进出的通液孔。
优选地，所述箱体设为圆筒形，箱体圆筒形的中轴线与避雷针重合。
优选地，所述箱体包括箱体顶板和箱体底板；箱体顶板上设有阻尼液充注口，阻尼液充注口中设有密封堵头。
优选地，所述箱体包括两个半圆筒形的子箱体；两个半圆筒形的子箱体沿直径方向设有用于相互之间拼合在一起的拼合法兰。
优选地，所述箱体包括绕避雷针的内侧壁和与避雷针同轴的箱体外侧壁；内侧壁和外侧壁之间设为用于装载阻尼液的箱体。
优选地，所述箱体内部沿径向设有多个垂直于水平面的用于分隔阻尼液的隔板，隔板的四周分别与箱体内部设有的箱体顶板、箱体底板、内侧壁和外侧壁连接。
相比现有技术，本实用新型具有如下有益效果：
本实用新型通过对单管塔的结构分析，结合振动学和阻尼器原理，提供一种在塔杆顶部设置调谐流体阻尼器(TLD)减振阻尼器的方法；减小了结构振幅，减少了塔杆顶部悬挂的通信天线的晃动幅度，从而减小了通信微波的发射角度偏离，稳定了通信信号；
另外，振动幅度的减少，大大减少了塔杆底部弯矩值，从而减小了底部螺栓的应力疲劳，减少了因振动损坏的风险，提高了寿命和可靠性；通过设置阻尼器提高了结构阻尼比，从而使塔杆的总体质量可以减轻约15％以上，对每年数以万支的通信塔杆的建设成本而言，经济效益可观；而且，经测算，底部弯矩可以减少约30％以上，因此，塔杆的基础建设投资也相应减少，进一步降低总体造价，具有推广应用的价值。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型通信单管塔顶阻尼器侧视结构示意图；
图2为图1的A向俯视结构示意图；
图3为图1的B-B剖视结构示意图；
附图标记：1.筒体；2.塔顶板；3.底座；4.避雷针；5.充注口；6.密封环；7.内侧壁；8.密封堵头；9.拼合法兰；10.顶板；11.外侧壁；12.通液孔；13.底板；14.阻尼液；15.隔板。
具体实施方式
为使本实用新型更明显易懂，兹以优选实施例，并配合附图作详细说明如下：
如图1-3所示，本实用新型提供一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，减振阻尼器设于通信单管塔塔尖避雷针4的周边；减振阻尼器包括一箱体，箱体中设有阻尼液14；箱体中还设有垂直于水平面的多个隔板15；隔板15上设有用于阻尼液14进出的通液孔12。箱体设为圆筒形，箱体圆筒形的中轴线与避雷针4重合。箱体包括箱体顶板10和箱体底板13；箱体顶板10上设有阻尼液充注口5，阻尼液充注口5中设有密封堵头8。箱体包括两个半圆筒形的子箱体；两个半圆筒形的子箱体沿直径方向设有用于相互之间拼合在一起的拼合法兰9。箱体包括绕避雷针的内侧壁7和与避雷针同轴的箱体外侧壁11；内侧壁7和外侧壁11之间设为用于装载阻尼液14的箱体。箱体内部沿径向设有多个垂直于水平面的用于分隔阻尼液的隔板15，隔板15的四周分别与箱体内部设有的箱体顶板10、箱体底板13、内侧壁7和外侧壁11连接。
实施例
本实用新型提供一种在通信单管塔顶部增加TLD阻尼器的方法来增加结构阻尼比，从而明显减小振幅和扭转。
具体来说，如图1所示，结构中包括的通信单管塔筒体1、单管塔顶板2、避雷针安装底座3、避雷针4是通信单管塔的典型顶部结构，本实用新型对原结构的改变是将单管塔顶板2的尺寸参照阻尼器的增设需求进行调整。
阻尼器的总体结构是由两个半圆形箱体拼装成的一个整圆箱体结构；拼合部分采用拼合法兰9联接；每个半圆箱体设置有顶板10和底板13；顶板10和底板13之间设置以弧形的立板，即外侧壁11和内侧壁7构成内外侧箱壁；每个半圆的箱体内设置有分隔板15，该分隔板15高度与内外侧壁等高，隔板15的数量依据阻尼器的设计需要增减，既起到满足设计需要的阻尼液14的工作空间尺寸需要，也起到加固箱体的作用；另外，每块分隔板15的下部均设有小孔，即通液孔12，将半圆内的腔体连通起来。顶板10与内外侧壁和分隔板15均焊接牢靠；组成箱体后再以螺栓固定于通信单管塔顶板2上。在每个半圆箱体顶板10上均设有阻尼液14的充注口5，在按要求注入一定高度的阻尼液14后，应以密封堵头8将充注口5可靠密封。避雷针4和内侧壁7之间设置防雨密封环6。
本实用新型提供的产品和方法的工作原理是：首先根据塔筒结构及其所挂通信天线的结构参数，结合安装所在地的荷载标准值等，计算确定结构的固有振动频率和阻尼比等；按照振动控制设计的要求配置合适的箱体尺寸和阻尼液尺寸。当增设了阻尼器的结构在外部荷载的作用下发生振动时，箱体内的阻尼液具有保持原来静止状态的特性，从而沿振动方向在箱体内外两侧内壁上产生的液位高度差，该高度差对箱体造成与振动偏移方向相反的压力，从而减小振动的趋势，消耗掉塔杆的振动能量；如此往复，通过阻尼液不断消耗结构的振动能量，给结构增加了一定的阻尼比，从而大大减小了细长塔杆的振动幅动，保证了结构的稳定性。
以上所述，仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例，并非对本实用新型任何形式上和实质上的限制，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本实用新型的前提下，还将可以做出若干改进和补充，这些改进和补充也应视为本实用新型的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本实用新型的精神和范围的情况下，当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本实用新型的等效实施例；同时，凡依据本实用新型的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变，均仍属于本实用新型的技术方案的范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，其特征在于，减振阻尼器设于通信单管塔塔尖避雷针的周边；减振阻尼器包括一箱体，箱体中设有阻尼液；箱体中还设有垂直于水平面的多个隔板；隔板上设有用于阻尼液进出的通液孔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，其特征在于，所述箱体设为圆筒形，箱体圆筒形的中轴线与避雷针重合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，其特征在于，所述箱体包括箱体顶板和箱体底板；箱体顶板上设有阻尼液充注口，阻尼液充注口中设有密封堵头。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，其特征在于，所述箱体包括两个半圆筒形的子箱体；两个半圆筒形的子箱体沿直径方向设有用于相互之间拼合在一起的拼合法兰。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，其特征在于，所述箱体包括绕避雷针的内侧壁和与避雷针同轴的箱体外侧壁；内侧壁和外侧壁之间设为用于装载阻尼液的箱体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种通信单管塔用减振阻尼器，其特征在于，所述箱体内部沿径向设有多个垂直于水平面的用于分隔阻尼液的隔板，隔板的四周分别与箱体内部设有的箱体顶板、箱体底板、内侧壁和外侧壁连接。
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