CN219801988U - Permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises a permanent magnet motor rotor and a motor stator, wherein the motor rotor is arranged in the motor stator, a rotor iron core is arranged in the motor rotor, magnetic steel is arranged on the surface or in the rotor iron core, a rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the rotor iron core, a first air gap is arranged between the motor stator and the motor rotor, the number of poles of the motor rotor is four poles, the motor stator comprises stator windings and stator iron cores, the stator iron cores are uniformly distributed along the circumference, stator grooves are formed in the inner side of the stator iron cores, the stator windings are embedded in the stator grooves, the stator windings are connected with the motor stator through isolating paper, and the windings of the stator windings are distributed into four poles; the permanent magnet synchronous motor can improve the power density of the motor, improve the working efficiency of the motor, reduce the manufacturing cost of the motor, reduce the copper consumption of the winding resistance, and effectively reduce the magnetic resistance of a magnetic circuit and the iron consumption of a yoke part, thereby greatly reducing the resource waste and saving the resource.

Description

Permanent magnet synchronous motor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of high-speed centrifugal fans, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Background

In the current market, most permanent magnet synchronous motors for high-speed centrifugal fans adopt a design scheme that the number of poles is 2, but when the number of poles of the motor is set to be 2, the motor winding span is large, the winding end is too high, the copper consumption is too high, and therefore the problem of high copper consumption is caused; in addition, because the design scheme that the number of the magnetic poles is 2 poles is adopted, the length of the yoke part of the motor punching sheet is too long, in order to reduce the iron loss of the yoke part, the height of the yoke part has to be increased, so that the magnetic flux density of the yoke part is reduced, the inner diameter of the stator punching sheet is reduced, the power of the motor is in direct proportion to the square of the inner diameter of the stator, and the power density of the 2-pole design scheme is lower and the manufacturing cost is higher under the condition that the outer diameter of the punching sheet, the height of the iron core and the rated rotating speed are the same.

In patent CN110829768A, a permanent magnet motor is mentioned, wherein the permanent magnet group includes a left permanent magnet and a right permanent magnet, gaps are provided at inner ends of the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet, the outer stator and the outer magnetic pole of the rotor form an outer air gap field of the motor, the inner stator and the inner magnetic pole of the rotor form an inner air gap field of the motor, winding slots on the inner stator core and the outer stator core are the same, winding modes of the inner stator winding and the outer stator winding are the same, winding phases of the inner stator winding and the outer stator winding are different by 180 degrees, the permanent magnet motor can improve working efficiency of the motor to a certain extent, and the single-double layer mixed concentrated winding is adopted to reduce cost, but the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet motor are overlapped and arranged for the inner magnetic pole and the outer magnetic pole, so that power density of the permanent magnet motor is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present utility model aims to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor, so as to solve the problems of the prior art that the number of poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is less, the power density of the motor is lower, the cost of the motor is higher, and the efficiency of the motor is lower; therefore, the power density of the motor is effectively improved, the working efficiency of the motor is improved, and the cost of the motor is reduced.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

the utility model relates to a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises a motor rotor and a motor stator, wherein the motor rotor is arranged in the motor stator, a first air gap is arranged between the motor stator and the motor rotor, the motor rotor comprises magnetic steel and a rotor core, the magnetic steel is arranged outside or inside the rotor core, a rotating shaft is arranged in the rotor core, at least four magnetic steels are arranged, the motor stator comprises stator windings, the stator windings are connected with the motor stator through isolating paper, and the windings of the stator windings are distributed into quadrupole distributed windings.

Further, the magnetic steel comprises a magnetic steel first pole, a magnetic steel diode, a magnetic steel tripole and a magnetic steel quadrupole, wherein the magnetic steel first pole, the magnetic steel diode, the magnetic steel tripole and the magnetic steel quadrupole are sequentially and uniformly distributed along the outer side wall or the inner side circumference of the rotor core, and gaps are arranged between the adjacent magnetic steel first pole, the adjacent magnetic steel diode, the adjacent magnetic steel tripole and the adjacent magnetic steel quadrupole.

Further, the gaps comprise a first gap, a second gap, a third gap and a fourth gap, the first gap is arranged between the first pole of the magnetic steel and the magnetic steel diode, the second gap is arranged between the magnetic steel diode and the magnetic steel tripolar, the third gap is arranged between the magnetic steel tripolar and the magnetic steel quadrupole, and the fourth gap is arranged between the magnetic steel quadrupole and the first pole of the magnetic steel.

Further, the magnet steel sets up in the rotor core outside, and the magnet steel lateral wall sets up the magnet steel sheath for the magnet steel in the protection motion is not damaged and drops by centrifugal force's influence.

Further, the motor stator comprises a stator core and stator slots, wherein the stator core comprises a supporting iron core part and an iron core winding part, the inner side of the supporting iron core part is connected with the iron core winding part, the iron core winding parts are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner side wall of the supporting iron core part, and the stator slots are formed between two adjacent iron core winding parts.

Further, the stator winding is wound around the core winding portion, and the stator winding is disposed in the stator slot by the spacer paper.

Further, the stator slot is gradually increased in opening distance a along the direction from inside to outside of the motor stator.

Further, the four-pole distributed winding is a single-layer and double-layer mixed winding, the single-layer and double-layer mixed winding comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, and the winding pitch of the inner ring is smaller than that of the outer ring.

Further, the four-pole distributed winding is a single-layer and double-layer mixed winding, the single-layer and double-layer mixed winding comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, and the winding pitch of the inner ring is smaller than that of the outer ring. Further, the iron core winding part comprises an iron core first part, an iron core second part and an iron core third part, the iron core first part, the iron core second part and the iron core third part are sequentially connected, a first air gap is arranged between one end of the iron core first part, which is far away from the iron core second part, and the motor rotor, and one end of the iron core third part, which is far away from the iron core second part, is connected with the motor stator.

Further, the four-pole distributed winding comprises a first winding, a second winding, a third winding, a fourth winding, a fifth winding, a sixth winding, a seventh winding and an eighth winding, wherein the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, the fourth winding, the fifth winding, the sixth winding, the seventh winding and the eighth winding are sequentially connected, one end of the first winding, which is far away from the second winding, is connected with any one of positive poles of a three-phase power supply U phase, a V phase and a W phase, and one end of the eighth winding, which is far away from the seventh winding, is connected with any one of negative poles of the three-phase power supply U phase, the V phase and the W phase.

Compared with the prior art, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the following beneficial effects:

the utilization rate of the stator core is improved and the height of the stator winding end is reduced by changing the number of poles of the motor and reducing the span of the stator winding, so that the purposes of reducing the manufacturing cost of the motor and improving the power density of the motor are achieved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a 2-pole model of a motor rotor;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 4-pole model of a motor rotor (magnetic steel is arranged outside a rotor core);

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution of the 4 poles of the motor rotor;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a motor rotor 2-pole double-layer lap winding development;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a motor rotor 4-pole double-layer lap winding development;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a motor rotor 4-pole double-layer lap winding (U-phase) development;

FIG. 7 is an expanded schematic diagram of a 4-pole single-double layer hybrid winding (U-phase) of the improved motor rotor;

FIG. 8 is a schematic overall view of a single-layer and double-layer hybrid winding of the improved motor rotor 4;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a 4-pole model of a motor rotor (magnetic steel is arranged inside a rotor core);

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall motor axis.

Reference numerals: 1. a motor rotor; 101. magnetic steel; 11. magnetic steel is one pole; 12. magnetic steel is dipolar; 13. magnetic steel tripoles; 14. magnetic steel quadrupoles; 103. a magnetic steel sheath; 104. a rotor core; 4. a first air gap; 105. a rotating shaft; 102. a gap; 15. a first gap; 16. a second gap; 17. a third gap; 18. a fourth gap; 2. a motor stator; 21. a stator core; 211. a first iron core; 212. a second iron core; 213. three parts of the iron core; 22. a stator groove; 23. a stator winding; 24. a supporting iron core part; 25. an iron core winding section; 26. a release paper; 7. a quadrupole distributed winding; 71. an inner ring; 72. an outer ring; 31. a first winding; 32. a second winding; 33. a third winding; 34. a fourth winding; 35. a fifth winding; 36. a sixth winding; 37. a seventh winding; 38. and an eighth winding.

Detailed Description

The inventive concepts of the present disclosure will be described below using terms commonly used by those skilled in the art to convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. These inventive concepts may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

The embodiment is directed to a high-speed centrifugal fan, and the integral structure of the high-speed centrifugal fan is composed of an impeller, a volute and an adjusting mechanism, which is the same as a conventional high-speed centrifugal fan.

In the prior art, most permanent magnet synchronous motors for high-speed centrifugal fans adopt a design scheme that the number of poles is 2, but when the number of poles of the motor is 2 or the inner layer magnetic poles and the outer layer magnetic poles are overlapped, the problem that the motor winding span is large, the winding end height is too high, the copper consumption is too high, and therefore the copper consumption is too high is easily caused; in addition, the design scheme that the number of the magnetic poles is 2 is adopted, so that the length of the yoke part of the motor punching sheet is too long, and the iron loss of the yoke part is reduced.

The method aims at solving the problems of the prior art that the permanent magnet synchronous motor has fewer poles, lower motor power density, higher motor cost and lower motor efficiency; the embodiment provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, including motor rotor 1 and motor stator 2, motor stator 2 inside sets up permanent magnet motor rotor 1, set up first air gap 4 between rotor core 104 motor stator 2 and the motor rotor 1, motor rotor 1 includes magnet steel 101 and rotor core 104, magnet steel 101 sets up in the outside or inside of rotor core 104, rotor core 104 internal center position sets up pivot 105, magnet steel 101 sets up four at least, rotor core 104 pivot 105 motor stator 2 includes stator winding 23, stator winding 23 passes through spacer paper 26 and is connected with motor stator 2, stator winding 23 'S winding distribution is quadrupole distributed winding 7, motor rotor 1 includes the permanent magnet, through going into three-phase current to stator winding 23, can form the stator rotating field in stator winding 23 after letting in the electric current, under synchronous state, because the effect of the permanent magnet on motor rotor 1, rotor 1 nearby forms rotor rotating field, the magnetic pole of permanent magnet is fixed, according to the opposite attraction of magnetic pole, rotor rotating field and stator rotating field interact, produce driving torque, make motor normal operating normally, wherein, when rotor core 104 sets up outside rotor core 104, stator winding 23 passes through spacer paper 26 and be connected with motor stator 2, stator winding 23' S winding is four-pole like, for example, the number of adjacent pole like poles 101 is in the same two-pole like magnetic poles is set up in the field, the same number of adjacent field, the number of poles is in the field like, the magnet steel 101, the number is adjacent pole like, the number is in the field, the field is like.

The number of magnetic poles of the motor is set to four poles by the arrangement of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the defect that the number of magnetic poles of a rotor 1 of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor is set to two poles can be effectively overcome, the power density of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is effectively improved, the efficiency of the synchronous motor is enhanced, the cost of the synchronous motor is reduced, in addition, stator coils are changed from two poles to four poles, under the condition of double-layer lap winding, the span of the two poles distributed winding is larger than that of the four poles distributed winding, therefore, the span of the winding can be further reduced by adopting four poles distributed winding, the height of a winding at the end part of the stator is reduced, the copper consumption of the winding is reduced, the purpose of reducing the resistance of the winding and the copper consumption is achieved, in addition, the length of a magnetic circuit of a motor stator 2 is greatly reduced by half, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit and the iron consumption of the magnetic circuit are effectively reduced, meanwhile, the height of the magnetic circuit is reduced on the premise of ensuring that the magnetic density of the magnetic circuit is unchanged, the magnetic circuit of the magnetic circuit is increased, the air gap diameter of the motor is increased, the stator is effectively utilized, and the stator of the stator is more effective utilization of the stator 2 is improved.

The four magnets 101 are arranged, each magnet 101 comprises a magnet one pole 11, a magnet two pole 12, a magnet three pole 13 and a magnet four pole 14, the magnet one pole 11, the magnet two pole 12, the magnet three pole 13 and the magnet four pole 14 are sequentially and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the outer side wall or the inner side of the rotor core 104, and gaps 102 are arranged between adjacent two of the magnet one pole 11, the magnet two pole 12, the magnet three pole 13 and the magnet four pole 14 and are used for controlling the leakage magnetic coefficient of the motor when the motor is in idle load so as to improve the performance of the motor; the width of the gap 102 is properly adjusted according to electromagnetic setting requirements; the gap 102 comprises a first gap 15, a second gap 16, a third gap 17 and a fourth gap 18, wherein the first gap 15 is arranged between the first pole 11 and the second pole 12, the second gap 16 is arranged between the second pole 12 and the third pole 13, the third gap 17 is arranged between the third pole 13 and the fourth pole 14, and the fourth gap 18 is arranged between the fourth pole 14 and the first pole 11, the second pole 12, the third pole 13 and the fourth pole 14 are all permanent magnets, and the first pole 11, the second pole 12, the third pole 13 and the fourth pole 14 are tile-shaped magnetic steels 101, and the widths of the first gap 15, the second gap 16, the third gap 17 and the fourth gap 18 are all properly adjusted according to electromagnetic setting requirements.

Preferably, the magnetic steel 101 is arranged outside the rotor core 104, the magnetic steel sheath 103 is arranged outside the magnetic steel 101 and used for protecting the magnetic steel 101 in motion from being damaged and falling off due to the influence of centrifugal force, so that the magnetic steel 101 is prevented from being scattered in motion and can play a supporting role, when the magnetic steel 101 is arranged inside the rotor core 104, the magnetic steel sheath 103 is not arranged, wherein the magnetic steel sheath 103 is made of any one of alloy materials (such as titanium alloy and high-temperature alloy) and carbon fiber materials, the selected alloy materials have the characteristic of non-magnetic conductivity, the occurrence of short circuit of a magnetic circuit is prevented, and the magnetic steel sheath 103 is also often wound outside the magnetic steel 101 by adopting carbon fibers due to poor ductility and small variation of the alloy materials.

Through the setting of each magnetic pole of motor rotor 1 and the setting of clearance 102 between the magnetic poles, can effectually reduce motor punching yoke overlength and cause the serious possibility of yoke iron loss, more can effectually reduce the large scale appearance of magnetic leakage phenomenon, further, guarantee the performance of motor, reduce the cost of motor, improved the work efficiency of motor.

The motor stator 2 comprises a stator core 21 and stator slots 22, wherein the stator core 21 comprises a supporting core part 24 and core winding parts 25, the inner side of the supporting core part 24 is connected with the core winding parts 25, the core winding parts 25 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner side wall of the supporting core part 24, and the stator slots 22 are formed between two adjacent core winding parts 25; the stator winding 23 is wound on an iron core winding part 25 of the stator iron core 21, the stator winding 23 is embedded in the stator slot 22 through a piece of isolating paper 26, and the isolating paper 26 is used for insulating and isolating to the ground; the number of the stator slots 22 is multiplied by the number of phases of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, namely the number of groups of coils inside the motor; at least two iron core winding parts 25 are arranged, the stator iron core 21 is made of ferromagnetic materials, specifically, the stator iron core 21 is made by laminating a plurality of silicon steel sheets of the rotor iron core 104, namely, the rotor iron core 104 of the stator iron core 21 is made of a plurality of punching sheets, wherein the thinnest silicon steel sheet can be selected to be 0.1mm, and the silicon steel sheet is commonly used to be 0.5mm; the iron core winding part 25 of the stator iron core 21 comprises an iron core first part 211, an iron core second part 212 and an iron core third part 213, the iron core first part 211, the iron core second part 212 and the iron core third part 213 are integrally formed, the iron core first part 211, the iron core second part 212 and the iron core third part 213 are sequentially connected, a first air gap 4 is arranged between one end of the iron core first part 211, which is far away from the iron core second part 212, and the motor rotor 1, one end of the iron core third part 213, which is far away from the iron core second part 212, is connected with the motor stator 2, the width b of the iron core first part 211 is gradually decreased from inside to outside, the width b of the iron core second part 212 is unchanged, and the width b of the iron core third part 213 is gradually increased from inside to outside; the stator slot 22 is gradually increased in opening distance a along the inside-to-outside direction of the motor stator 2, and in this embodiment, "inside-out" in the inside-to-outside direction of the motor stator 2 means: the side of the motor stator 2 close to the motor rotor 1 is inner, the side of the motor stator 2 far away from the motor rotor 1 is outer, and the opening distance a and the width b refer to the sizes of the positions in the drawing.

The stability of the motor can be effectively improved through the arrangement of the motor stator 2, the length of motor windings during distribution is reduced, the efficiency of the motor is enhanced, the power density of the motor is improved, the running efficiency of the motor can be enhanced through the arrangement of the stator core 21, the iron loss of the motor is reduced, and the cost of the motor is reduced.

The four-pole distributed winding 7 is a single-double-layer mixed winding, the single-double-layer mixed winding comprises an inner ring 71 and an outer ring 72, the winding pitch of the inner ring 71 is smaller than the winding pitch of the outer ring 72, specifically (as shown in fig. 7 and 8), taking a U-phase winding as an example, the V, W phase change is identical to that of the U, when the total number of the stator cores 21 is n, the four-pole distributed winding 7 comprises a first winding 31, a second winding 32, a third winding 33, a fourth winding 34, a fifth winding 35, a sixth winding 36, a seventh winding 37 and an eighth winding 38, the first winding 31, the second winding 32, the third winding 33, the fourth winding 34, the fifth winding 35, the sixth winding 36, the seventh winding 37 and the eighth winding 38 are sequentially connected, one end of the first winding 31 far from the second winding 32 is connected with any positive pole of the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the three-phase power supply, the positive poles of the U, V and W phases are denoted by U1, V1 and W1, respectively, one end of the eighth wire 38 remote from the seventh wire 37 is connected to the negative pole of any one of the U, V and W phases of the three-phase power supply, the negative poles of the U, V and W phases are denoted by U2, V2 and W2, respectively, the first wire 31 is disposed on the left side of the kth stator core 21, the second wire 32 is disposed on the right side of the kth+8 stator core 21, the third wire 33 is disposed on the left side of the kth+1 stator core 21, the fourth wire 34 is disposed on the right side of the kth+7 stator core 21, the fifth wire 35 is disposed on the right side of the kth+16 stator core 21, the sixth wire 36 is disposed on the left side of the kth+10 stator core 21, the seventh wire 37 is disposed on the right side of the kth+17 stator core 21, the eighth wire 38 is disposed on the left side of the kth+9 stator core 21, in this embodiment, k+8 means a position from the kth core to the eighth core, k+1 means a position from the kth core to the first core, k+16 means a position from the kth core to the sixteenth core, k+17 means a position from the kth core to the seventeenth core, k+7 means a position from the kth core to the seventh core, k+10 means a position from the kth core to the tenth core, k+9 means a position from the kth core to the ninth core, and both right and left means directions from left to right in fig. 7.

The four-pole distributed winding 7, namely a single-layer and double-layer mixed winding mode, can effectively reduce the span of the winding, thereby reducing the iron loss of the motor stator 2, and simultaneously, the forming efficiency of the winding and the coil inserting efficiency of the winding are both improved, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the motor stator 2.

The method for improving the power density of the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises the following steps of:

step one, selecting the number of magnetic poles of a motor rotor 1;

step two, calculating the cost of each motor rotor 1 with different pole numbers and different parameters through software simulation, comparing and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the motor rotors 1 with different pole numbers, and determining the pole numbers and the parameters of the motor rotors 1 with optimal performance;

and thirdly, arranging the stator winding 23 of the synchronous motor in a single-layer and double-layer mixed winding mode.

The second step comprises the following steps:

taking the length of a stator core 21, the tooth width of a stator punching sheet and the groove depth of a motor stator 2 as parameter variables, taking the maximum torque constant as an optimization target, carrying out magnetic circuit calculation on different motor stators 2 through an electromagnetic calculation module provided by MAXWELL software, finding out several optimal schemes with minimum rated current from thousands of calculation examples, and selecting a motor related parameter scheme with minimum cost through material cost calculation, and selecting a parameter variable of a motor rotor 1 with minimum rated current and minimum cost;

and then, performing simulation calculation on the cost of each motor rotor 1 with different magnetic pole numbers and different parameters through Motorcad software, comparing and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the motor rotors 1 with different magnetic pole numbers, and determining the magnetic pole numbers and the optimal parameter variables of the motor rotors 1 with optimal performance.

The method can rapidly and accurately select the needed magnetic pole number and each parameter variable of the motor rotor 1, is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the motor, reduces the cost of the motor, enhances the practicability of the motor, increases the application range of the motor, and further simulates calculation of Motorcad software, so that the magnetic field distribution condition of the stator in the motor can be seen more intuitively, and meanwhile, the magnetic field distribution conditions of motors with different magnetic pole numbers can be compared more clearly, and a foundation is laid for selecting the related parameters of the motor with the lowest cost and the best power density.

Example 1:

the motor with the rated rotation speed of 20000rpm/22KW-4 pole in the embodiment and the motor with the rated rotation speed of 20000rpm/22KW-2 pole in the prior art are selected as examples, and the outer diameter of the motor stator 2 is ensured to be allOn the premise of the above, the electromagnetic schemes with 2 poles or 4 poles obtained by parameterization calculation are shown in a motor technical requirement table 1 and an electromagnetic scheme comparison table, namely a table 2, and the optimal scheme comparison table with 2 poles or 4 poles is shown in a table 3.

By experimental comparison, it can be seen that the electromagnetic regime of 20000rpm/22KW-2/4 in Table 3: 1) Under the same thermal load, the power density and the manufacturing cost of the motor with 2 poles are lower than those of a motor with four poles; 2) Under the same outer diameter of the motor stator 2, the height of the motor stator core 21 of the 4 poles is 104mm, the height of the stator core 21 of the 2 poles motor is 74mm, the height of the motor stator core 21 of the 4 poles is 30mm less than the height of the stator core 21 of the 2 poles motor, and the saving rate of the stator core 21 reaches (19.27-13.71)/(19.21 multiplied by 100% = 28.85%; 3) Under the same heat load, the copper amount for the motor with 4 poles is 4.63-3.33=1.3 Kg less than that for the motor with two poles, and the copper saving rate can be seen to be as high as 1.3/4.63×100% =28.08%; 4) Under the same heat load and outer diameter of the motor stator 2, the saving amount of the magnetic steel 101 is 0.84-0.73=0.11, and the saving rate of the magnetic steel 101 is 0.11/0.84×100% =13.1%; therefore, according to the data analysis and comparison, the motor scheme with the number of the magnetic poles of 4 poles can furthest reduce the manufacturing cost of the motor and greatly reduce the waste of resources on the premise of meeting engineering requirements.

TABLE 1

Rated voltage (V)	Rated power (KW)	Rated rotation speed (rpm)	Cooling mode	Insulation grade	Protection grade
						380	22	20000	Self-fan cooling	H	IP55

TABLE 2

TABLE 3 Table 3

Example 2:

taking a U-phase winding as an example, in a double-layer lap winding mode (as shown in fig. 6) in the prior art, a first coil group is formed by a full slot No. 2 under the same pole phase group and a full slot No. 10 of an adjacent pole phase group, each first coil group of the double-layer lap winding is identical, the pitches of the left and right sides of the two first coil groups are 8, each first coil group is formed by three identical first coils, the total pitch of each first coil group is 3×8=24, the total number of three-phase windings of the double-layer lap winding is 36, wherein, the "pole phase group" refers to the adjacent slots belonging to the same phase, the "full slot" designates the number of turns of the wire in the sub slot 22 as two layers up and down, and the "half slot" designates only one layer of turns of the wire in the sub slot 22, so that the number of turns of the wire in the stator slot 22 of the half slot is half of the number of turns of the wire in the stator slot 22 of the full slot, the pitch refers to the number of slots spanned by the left and right coil sides of the large coil, in this embodiment, the reference numerals at a shown in fig. 6 and 7 are the numerals of the core winding portion 25 of the stator core 21 in the motor stator 2, and the blank area in the middle of the two reference numerals is the stator slot 22, which is not the reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the winding mode of the single-double layer hybrid lap winding (as shown in fig. 7 and 8), the single-double layer hybrid lap winding includes a second coil set, the second coil set includes an inner ring 71 and an outer ring 72, the outer ring 72 is composed of a full slot No. 2 and a full slot No. 10, the inner ring 71 is composed of a half slot No. 3 and a half slot No. 9, the pitch of the inner ring 71 is smaller than the pitch of the outer ring 72, the pitch of the inner ring 71 is 9-3=6, the pitch of the outer ring 72 is 10-2=8, the total pitch number of the second coil set is 6+8=14, and the total number of three-phase windings of the single-double layer hybrid winding is 24.

The motor with 4 poles and windings distributed as single-layer and double-layer mixed windings in the embodiment is selected, and compared with the motor with windings distributed as double-layer lap windings in the prior art by performing a comparison test on the premise of ensuring that the number of turns of the wires in the stator slot 22 and the current direction are the same, the motor can be seen:

1) Under the condition that the number of magnetic poles is the same, each pole phase group of the single-layer and double-layer mixed winding distribution and the double-layer lap winding distribution consists of two half slots and two full slots, so that the stator winding 23 coefficient of the motor is the same under the condition that the number of turns of the motor is the same, and the counter potential coefficient and the torque coefficient are the same, so that the single-layer and double-layer mixed winding distribution and the double-layer lap winding distribution are functionally the same;

2) The outer ring 72 winding pitch of the single-double hybrid winding distribution is the same as the pitch of the double-lap winding distribution first coil set, but the inner ring 71 winding pitch of the single-double hybrid winding distribution is two stator slots 22 less than the pitch of the double-lap winding distribution first coil set, and it can be seen from electromagnetic calculation of 22 KW: the copper consumption of the single-layer and double-layer mixed winding distribution is reduced by 3.33-3.18=0.15 Kg compared with that of the double-layer lap winding distribution, the copper saving rate of the single-layer and double-layer mixed winding distribution is 0.15/3.33=4.5%, and furthermore, compared with the double-layer lap winding distribution, the efficiency of the motor is improved to 96.5% from the original 96.205%, so that the end part of the stator winding 23 in the single-layer and double-layer mixed winding is shortened, the purpose of greatly saving copper is achieved, meanwhile, the resistance of the stator winding 23 is reduced, the effect of reducing copper consumption and improving the motor efficiency is achieved, and in the embodiment, the end part refers to the part of the stator winding 23 of the motor stator 2 outside the stator slot 22;

3) The number of the single-layer and double-layer mixed windings is reduced compared with the total winding number of the double-layer lap winding, so that the forming efficiency of the stator winding 23 and the coil inserting efficiency of the winding are improved, and the manufacturing cost of the motor stator 2 is greatly reduced.

The height of the end portion of the stator core 21 is reduced to the maximum extent by further reducing the winding span, thereby achieving the effect of saving copper.

Preferably, the method is also suitable for various motors for high-speed blowers with other power levels.

In the present utility model, for any high-speed centrifugal fan, the permanent magnet synchronous motor structure described in this embodiment may be included, and on the basis of the related structures and the assembly relationships of the motor rotor 1 and the motor stator 2 provided in this embodiment, the high-speed centrifugal fan further includes conventional components including an impeller, a volute, and an adjusting mechanism, which are all related technologies and are not described herein.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a serial communication port, including motor rotor (1) and motor stator (2), motor stator (2) inside set up motor rotor (1), set up first air gap (4) between motor stator (2) and motor rotor (1), motor rotor (1) include magnet steel (101) and rotor core (104), magnet steel (101) set up in rotor core (104) outside or inside, set up pivot (105) in rotor core (104), magnet steel (101) set up at least four, motor stator (2) include stator winding (23), stator winding (23) are connected with motor stator (2) through spacer paper (26), the winding distribution of stator winding (23) is quadrupole distributed winding (7).

2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic steel (101) comprises a magnetic steel one pole (11), a magnetic steel two pole (12), a magnetic steel three pole (13) and a magnetic steel four pole (14), the magnetic steel one pole (11), the magnetic steel two pole (12), the magnetic steel three pole (13) and the magnetic steel four pole (14) are uniformly distributed along the outer side wall or the inner side circumference of the rotor core (104) in sequence, and a gap (102) is arranged between adjacent two of the magnetic steel one pole (11), the magnetic steel two pole (12), the magnetic steel three pole (13) and the magnetic steel four pole (14).

3. A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that the gap (102) comprises a first gap (15), a second gap (16), a third gap (17) and a fourth gap (18), the first gap (15) is arranged between the first pole (11) and the second pole (12), the second gap (16) is arranged between the second pole (12) and the third pole (13), the third gap (17) is arranged between the third pole (13) and the fourth pole (14), and the fourth gap (18) is arranged between the fourth pole (14) and the first pole (11).

4. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic steel (101) is disposed outside the rotor core (104), and a magnetic steel sheath (103) is disposed on an outer side wall of the magnetic steel (101) for protecting the moving magnetic steel (101) from damage and falling off due to centrifugal force.

5. A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor stator (2) comprises a stator core (21) and stator slots (22), the stator core (21) comprises a supporting core part (24) and core winding parts (25), the inner side of the supporting core part (24) is connected with the core winding parts (25), the core winding parts (25) are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner side wall of the supporting core part (24), and the stator slots (22) are formed between two adjacent core winding parts (25).

6. A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, characterized in that the stator winding (23) is wound around the core winding part (25), the stator winding (23) being arranged in the stator slot (22) by means of a spacer paper (26).

7. A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, characterized in that the stator slots (22) open a progressively larger distance a in the direction of the motor stator (2) from inside to outside.

8. A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the four-pole distributed winding (7) is a single-double-layer hybrid winding comprising an inner ring (71) and an outer ring (72), the winding pitch of the inner ring (71) being smaller than the winding pitch of the outer ring (72).

9. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, wherein the core winding portion (25) comprises a first core portion (211), a second core portion (212) and a third core portion (213), the first core portion (211), the second core portion (212) and the third core portion (213) are sequentially connected, a first air gap (4) is arranged between one end, away from the second core portion (212), of the first core portion (211) and the motor rotor (1), and one end, away from the second core portion (212), of the third core portion (213) is connected with the motor stator (2).

10. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, wherein the four-pole distributed winding (7) comprises a first winding (31), a second winding (32), a third winding (33), a fourth winding (34), a fifth winding (35), a sixth winding (36), a seventh winding (37) and an eighth winding (38), the first winding (31), the second winding (32), the third winding (33), the fourth winding (34), the fifth winding (35), the sixth winding (36), the seventh winding (37) and the eighth winding (38) are sequentially connected, one end of the first winding (31) away from the second winding (32) is connected with any one positive pole of a U phase, a V phase and a W phase of the three-phase power supply, and one end of the eighth winding (38) away from the seventh winding (37) is connected with any one negative pole of the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the three-phase power supply.