CN219776328U - Ferronickel smelting composite furnace - Google Patents

Ferronickel smelting composite furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219776328U
CN219776328U CN202320981685.7U CN202320981685U CN219776328U CN 219776328 U CN219776328 U CN 219776328U CN 202320981685 U CN202320981685 U CN 202320981685U CN 219776328 U CN219776328 U CN 219776328U
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China
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hearth
top electrode
reducing agent
cooling
carbonaceous reducing
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CN202320981685.7U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘亚刚
苏全磊
张杰伟
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Shanghai Fengshi Engineering Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Fengshi Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

A ferronickel smelting composite furnace comprises an upper furnace chamber, a lower furnace chamber, a top electrode, a bottom electrode, a bearing box body, a top electrode control mechanical arm, a bottom electrode short net system clamp, a carbonaceous reducing agent storage bin, a carbonaceous reducing agent discharging pipe, a burner nozzle, a refractory brick lining, a top electrode water-cooling protective sleeve, a water-cooling flue and the like. According to the ferronickel smelting composite furnace, the temperature of the molten pool in the hearth is supplemented by the burner, the heat preservation effect is achieved on the molten pool in the lower hearth by flame heating, and the working time of the electrode can be properly reduced in the period of time, so that energy conservation and consumption reduction are realized; the carbonaceous reducing agent is directly delivered to the working surface by utilizing a carbonaceous reducing agent discharging pipe and a carbonaceous reducing agent discharging hole channel in the center of the top electrode, so that the ineffective consumption of the carbonaceous reducing agent is effectively avoided, and the reduction effect is further enhanced; the combined hearth structure of the upper hearth and the lower hearth is adopted, and when the composite furnace is overhauled, the upper hearth and the lower hearth can be separated, so that the composite furnace is more convenient to maintain.

Description

Ferronickel smelting composite furnace
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a ferronickel smelting composite furnace.
Background
At present, a submerged arc furnace is mainly used as smelting equipment in ferronickel smelting, and when the traditional submerged arc furnace is used, mixed furnace burden is required to be filled into a hearth, so that electrodes are buried in the furnace burden, and then electric arc and current are used for generating resistance heat for the furnace burden, so that the furnace burden is heated and melted. However, conventional submerged arc furnaces rely on only a single heat source of resistive heat to heat the molten charge, and the energy consumption of the electrodes is enormous in order to maintain the melting temperature within the furnace. Furthermore, the traditional submerged arc furnace adopts a throwing mode to convey the carbonaceous reducing agent into the hearth, so that the carbonaceous reducing agent can not reach the working surface accurately, the ineffective consumption of the carbonaceous reducing agent is increased, and the reduction effect is also affected. In addition, the traditional submerged arc furnace hearth belongs to an integrated structure, so that inconvenience is brought to maintenance work of the submerged arc furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a ferronickel smelting composite furnace which has the characteristics of energy conservation, consumption reduction, good reduction effect and convenient maintenance.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a ferronickel smelting composite furnace comprises an upper hearth, a lower hearth, a top electrode and a bottom electrode; an upper hearth supporting leg is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the upper hearth, and the upper hearth is fixedly arranged on the ground through the upper hearth supporting leg; the lower hearth is positioned below the upper hearth, and the upper hearth and the lower hearth are combined to form a complete hearth; the top electrode vertically penetrates through the center of the furnace cover at the top of the upper furnace chamber, the upper end of the top electrode extends to the upper part of the furnace cover, and the lower end of the top electrode extends to the inside of the lower furnace chamber; the bottom electrode is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower hearth in a penetrating way, the upper end of the bottom electrode extends to the inside of the lower hearth, and the lower end of the bottom electrode extends to the outside of the lower hearth; the lower hearth is arranged on the bearing box body, and the bearing box body is fixedly arranged on the ground.
A top electrode control mechanical arm is arranged outside the upper hearth, the top electrode is arranged on the top electrode control mechanical arm, and the top electrode is connected with the anode of the direct current transformer through a water-cooling cable; the top electrode control mechanical arm is fixed with the ground through an outer support and is used for holding, lifting and pressing the top electrode.
And the bottom electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the direct-current transformer through the bottom electrode short-net system clamp.
And a carbonaceous reducing agent storage bin is arranged above the upper hearth, a through carbonaceous reducing agent blanking pore canal is formed in the center of the top electrode, and a discharge port of the carbonaceous reducing agent storage bin is communicated with the carbonaceous reducing agent blanking pore canal in the center of the top electrode through a carbonaceous reducing agent discharging pipe.
The upper part of the lower hearth is provided with a plurality of burner nozzles which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower hearth.
The inner cavity of the upper hearth is used as a smoke focusing area of a smelting working face, a smoke outlet of the upper hearth is externally connected with a water cooling flue, and the water cooling flue is communicated with the atmosphere through a dust removing mechanism and a desulfurization and denitrification mechanism in sequence.
Refractory brick linings are piled on the inner surfaces of the upper hearth and the lower hearth.
And a water-cooling protective sleeve is sleeved outside the top electrode, and the coverage area of the water-cooling protective sleeve is an area between the top electrode working surface and the furnace cover.
The number of the bottom electrodes is multiple, and the multiple bottom electrodes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the lower hearth.
The furnace cover is internally provided with a cooling circulation water path, the cooling circulation water path is divided into a polar core cooling area and a peripheral cooling area, the inside of the two cooling areas is uniformly divided into a plurality of cooling areas by taking the center of the furnace cover as a reference, and each cooling area is internally provided with a discrete water baffle.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
according to the ferronickel smelting composite furnace, the temperature of the molten pool in the hearth is supplemented by the burner, the heat preservation effect is achieved on the molten pool in the lower hearth by flame heating, and the working time of the electrode can be properly reduced in the period of time, so that energy conservation and consumption reduction are realized; the carbonaceous reducing agent is directly delivered to the working surface by utilizing a carbonaceous reducing agent discharging pipe and a carbonaceous reducing agent discharging hole channel in the center of the top electrode, so that the ineffective consumption of the carbonaceous reducing agent is effectively avoided, and the reduction effect is further enhanced; the combined hearth structure of the upper hearth and the lower hearth is adopted, and when the composite furnace is overhauled, the upper hearth and the lower hearth can be separated, so that the composite furnace is more convenient to maintain.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ferronickel smelting composite furnace of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bottom electrode arrangement in an embodiment;
in the figure, the furnace comprises a 1-upper furnace chamber, a 2-lower furnace chamber, a 3-bearing box body, a 4-top electrode, a 5-bottom electrode, a 6-top electrode control mechanical arm, a 7-bottom electrode short net system clamp, an 8-upper furnace chamber supporting leg, a 9-carbonaceous reducing agent storage bin, a 10-burner nozzle, an 11-furnace cover, a 12-outer support, a 13-carbonaceous reducing agent blanking duct, a 14-carbonaceous reducing agent discharge duct, a 15-water cooling flue, a 16-refractory brick lining, a 17-water cooling protective sleeve, an 18-iron outlet and a 19-slag outlet.
Detailed Description
The utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
As shown in figure 1, the ferronickel smelting composite furnace comprises an upper hearth 1, a lower hearth 2, a top electrode 4 and a bottom electrode 5; an upper hearth supporting leg 8 is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the upper hearth 1, and the upper hearth 1 is fixedly arranged on the ground through the upper hearth supporting leg 8; the lower hearth 2 is positioned below the upper hearth 1, and the upper hearth 1 and the lower hearth 2 are combined to form a complete hearth; the top electrode 4 vertically penetrates through the center of the furnace cover 11 at the top of the upper furnace chamber 1, the upper end of the top electrode 4 extends to the position above the furnace cover 11, and the lower end of the top electrode 4 extends to the inside of the lower furnace chamber 2; the bottom electrode 5 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower hearth 2 in a penetrating manner, the upper end of the bottom electrode 5 extends into the lower hearth 2, and the lower end of the bottom electrode 5 extends out of the lower hearth 2; a bearing box body 3 is arranged below the lower hearth 2, the lower hearth 2 is placed on the bearing box body 3, and the bearing box body 3 is fixedly installed on the ground.
A top electrode control mechanical arm 6 is arranged outside the upper hearth 1, the top electrode 4 is arranged on the top electrode control mechanical arm 6, and the top electrode 4 is connected with the anode of the direct current transformer through a water-cooling cable; the top electrode control mechanical arm 6 is fixed with the ground through an outer bracket 12, and the top electrode control mechanical arm 6 is used for holding, lifting and pressing the top electrode 4.
And a bottom electrode short net system clamp 7 is arranged at the lower end of the bottom electrode 5, the bottom electrode 5 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct-current transformer through the bottom electrode short net system clamp 6, and the contact arc surface of the bottom electrode short net system clamp 7 is ensured to be contacted with the surface of the bottom electrode 5 so as to increase the current conduction area.
A carbonaceous reducing agent storage bin 9 is arranged above the upper hearth 1, a through carbonaceous reducing agent blanking pore canal 13 is arranged in the center of the top electrode 4, and a discharge port of the carbonaceous reducing agent storage bin 9 is communicated with the carbonaceous reducing agent blanking pore canal 13 in the center of the top electrode 4 through a carbonaceous reducing agent discharge pipe 14.
The upper part of the lower hearth 2 is provided with a plurality of burner nozzles 10, and the burner nozzles 10 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower hearth 2.
The inner cavity of the upper hearth 1 is used as a smoke focusing area of a smelting operation surface, a smoke outlet of the upper hearth 1 is externally connected with a water cooling flue 15, and the water cooling flue 15 is communicated with the atmosphere sequentially through a dust removing mechanism and a desulfurization and denitrification mechanism.
Refractory brick lining 16 is piled up on the inner surfaces of the upper hearth 1 and the lower hearth 2.
The water-cooling protective sleeve 17 is sleeved outside the top electrode 4, the coverage area of the water-cooling protective sleeve 17 is the area between the top electrode working surface and the furnace cover 11, and the water-cooling protective sleeve 17 can ensure that the top electrode 4 is not burnt in the area, so that the top electrode fusing accident is avoided.
The number of the bottom electrodes 5 is multiple, and the multiple bottom electrodes 5 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the lower hearth 2. In this embodiment, the number of bottom electrodes 5 is ten, one bottom electrode is arranged in the center of the bottom of the lower furnace 2, three bottom electrodes 5 are arranged along the circumferential direction outside the center bottom electrode 5, and six bottom electrodes 5 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction outside the three bottom electrodes 5, as shown in fig. 2.
The inside cooling circulation water route that is equipped with of bell 11, cooling circulation water route divide into utmost point heart cooling zone and periphery cooling zone, and two cooling zone insidely all regard as the centre of a circle of bell 11 as the benchmark evenly to divide into a plurality of cooling fields, all are equipped with discrete breakwater in every cooling field for increase cooling circulation water's flow path, improve the cooling effect.
The following describes a one-time use procedure of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings:
before smelting, the top electrode 4 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current transformer through a water-cooled cable, and the bottom electrode 5 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current transformer through a bottom electrode short net system clamp 7 and a copper pipe, so that the self-baking type direct current electric furnace is used as a direct current electric furnace, compared with a traditional alternating current electric furnace, the consumption of the top electrode 4 as a self-baking electrode can be reduced by more than 50%, the energy consumption can be reduced by 5-10%, the service life of a refractory brick lining 16 can be prolonged by more than 30%, the temperature uniformity of a molten pool can be kept, and meanwhile, the interference on the voltage of a power grid is reduced.
After the electrodes are connected, the ferronickel oxide furnace burden is fed into the lower hearth 2 through the blanking pipe, so that the ferronickel oxide furnace burden is gradually accumulated on the upper part of the bottom electrode 5, after the blanking is finished, a direct-current transformer is started, current conduction between the top electrode 4 and the bottom electrode 5 is realized, an electric arc is formed, and the ferronickel oxide furnace burden is heated and melted through the electric arc.
In the melting process of the ferronickel oxide furnace burden, the carbonaceous reducing agent storage bin 9 is started, and the carbonaceous reducing agent (coal dust) in the bin sequentially passes through the carbonaceous reducing agent discharging pipe 14 and the carbonaceous reducing agent discharging hole channel 13 in the center of the top electrode 4 to reach the working surface, so that the invalid consumption of the carbonaceous reducing agent is effectively avoided, and the reduction effect is enhanced.
In the smelting process, the working time of the electrode can be properly reduced, and in the working time, the burner 10 of the burner can be started to heat the lower hearth 2 to supplement the temperature of a molten pool in the lower hearth 2, so that the heat preservation effect on the molten pool in the lower hearth 2 is realized.
In the smelting process, along with continuous consumption of the top electrode 4, in order to reduce reactive power, an electric arc is ensured to be always positioned in a working surface, and the downward detection depth of the top electrode 4 can be dynamically adjusted through the top electrode control mechanical arm 6.
When smelting is completed, the ferronickel oxide is reduced into ferronickel, the ferronickel melt and slag are naturally separated due to different specific gravity, the ferronickel melt at the lower layer is discharged through a tap hole 18 of the lower hearth 2 and enters an pig casting machine, a ferronickel cast ingot is formed after cooling by the pig casting machine, and the slag at the upper layer is discharged through a slag hole 19 of the lower hearth 2 and then is used as a building material after water quenching treatment.
In the later stage of smelting production, if the refractory brick lining 16 in the composite furnace is damaged, for convenient maintenance, the lower hearth 2 and the upper hearth 1 can be separated, and specifically, the lower hearth 2 is pushed and pulled by a winch, so that the lower hearth 2 translates outwards along the bearing box 3 until the lower hearth 2 and the upper hearth 1 are staggered from each other, and then more sufficient maintenance space can be provided for maintaining and replacing the refractory brick lining 16.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, but rather are intended to cover all equivalent implementations or modifications that can be made without departing from the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a ferronickel smelting composite furnace which characterized in that: comprises an upper hearth, a lower hearth, a top electrode and a bottom electrode; an upper hearth supporting leg is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the upper hearth, and the upper hearth is fixedly arranged on the ground through the upper hearth supporting leg; the lower hearth is positioned below the upper hearth, and the upper hearth and the lower hearth are combined to form a complete hearth; the top electrode vertically penetrates through the center of the furnace cover at the top of the upper furnace chamber, the upper end of the top electrode extends to the upper part of the furnace cover, and the lower end of the top electrode extends to the inside of the lower furnace chamber; the bottom electrode is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower hearth in a penetrating way, the upper end of the bottom electrode extends to the inside of the lower hearth, and the lower end of the bottom electrode extends to the outside of the lower hearth; the lower hearth is arranged on the bearing box body, and the bearing box body is fixedly arranged on the ground.
2. The ferronickel smelting composite furnace according to claim 1, wherein: a top electrode control mechanical arm is arranged outside the upper hearth, the top electrode is arranged on the top electrode control mechanical arm, and the top electrode is connected with the anode of the direct current transformer through a water-cooling cable; the top electrode control mechanical arm is fixed with the ground through an outer support and is used for holding, lifting and pressing the top electrode.
3. The ferronickel smelting composite furnace according to claim 1, wherein: and the bottom electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the direct-current transformer through the bottom electrode short-net system clamp.
4. The ferronickel smelting composite furnace according to claim 1, wherein: and a carbonaceous reducing agent storage bin is arranged above the upper hearth, a through carbonaceous reducing agent blanking pore canal is formed in the center of the top electrode, and a discharge port of the carbonaceous reducing agent storage bin is communicated with the carbonaceous reducing agent blanking pore canal in the center of the top electrode through a carbonaceous reducing agent discharging pipe.
5. The ferronickel smelting composite furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the lower hearth is provided with a plurality of burner nozzles which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower hearth.
6. The ferronickel smelting composite furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the inner cavity of the upper hearth is used as a smoke focusing area of a smelting working face, a smoke outlet of the upper hearth is externally connected with a water cooling flue, and the water cooling flue is communicated with the atmosphere through a dust removing mechanism and a desulfurization and denitrification mechanism in sequence.
7. The ferronickel smelting composite furnace according to claim 1, wherein: refractory brick linings are piled on the inner surfaces of the upper hearth and the lower hearth.
8. The ferronickel smelting composite furnace according to claim 1, wherein: and a water-cooling protective sleeve is sleeved outside the top electrode, and the coverage area of the water-cooling protective sleeve is an area between the top electrode working surface and the furnace cover.
9. The ferronickel smelting composite furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the bottom electrodes is multiple, and the multiple bottom electrodes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the lower hearth.
10. The ferronickel smelting composite furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace cover is internally provided with a cooling circulation water path, the cooling circulation water path is divided into a polar core cooling area and a peripheral cooling area, the inside of the two cooling areas is uniformly divided into a plurality of cooling areas by taking the center of the furnace cover as a reference, and each cooling area is internally provided with a discrete water baffle.
CN202320981685.7U 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 Ferronickel smelting composite furnace Active CN219776328U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320981685.7U CN219776328U (en) 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 Ferronickel smelting composite furnace

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320981685.7U CN219776328U (en) 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 Ferronickel smelting composite furnace

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN219776328U true CN219776328U (en) 2023-09-29

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ID=88138240

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202320981685.7U Active CN219776328U (en) 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 Ferronickel smelting composite furnace

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN219776328U (en)

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Effective date of registration: 20231226

Address after: 200123, Room 205, No. 2000 Dongming Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai

Patentee after: Shanghai Fengshi Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 201600 room 211, building 21, 1158 Central Road, Jiuting Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai

Patentee before: Shanghai Fengshi Technology Co.,Ltd.

TR01 Transfer of patent right