CN219671705U - 内置高效保温层的防火保温板及包含其的建筑节能结构 - Google Patents

内置高效保温层的防火保温板及包含其的建筑节能结构 Download PDF

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CN219671705U
CN219671705U CN202320461094.7U CN202320461094U CN219671705U CN 219671705 U CN219671705 U CN 219671705U CN 202320461094 U CN202320461094 U CN 202320461094U CN 219671705 U CN219671705 U CN 219671705U
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heat
insulating
insulation
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刘丙强
刘念界
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Shanghai Shengkui Plastic Industry Co ltd
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    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0015—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon on multilayered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种内置高效保温层的防火保温板及包含其的建筑节能结构，所述内置高效保温层的防火保温板包括A级防火保温外覆层、至少一个高效保温层和多个加强网部件，所述A级防火保温外覆层内具有至少一个容纳空间，所述容纳空间与所述高效保温层一一对应，且所述高效保温层填满并置于所述容纳空间内，多个所述加强网部件均位于所述A级防火保温外覆层内，且多个所述加强网部件分别位于所述高效保温层的上方和下方。通过A级防火保温外覆层能有效起到防火的作用，杜绝保温材料的防火隐患，通过高效保温层能够使得保温性能明显提高，实现消防安全，阻燃防火，又能兼顾优异的保温效果。同时，提高内置高效保温层的防火保温板的安全稳定性。

Description

内置高效保温层的防火保温板及包含其的建筑节能结构
本申请要求申请日为2023年2月28日的中国发明专利申请CN2023101891017的优先权、以及申请日为2023年2月28日的中国实用新型专利申请CN 202320351002X的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种内置高效保温层的防火保温板及包含其的建筑节能结构。
背景技术
目前，随着人们生活条件的改善以及生活水平的不断提高，越来越多的人对生活环境以及居住环境的要求也在逐步的提升，随着建筑业的不断发展和进步，建筑节能的概念深入人心。传统的建筑节能较多的便是通过墙体保温来控制室内温度。
目前用于墙体保温的材料可分为有机类与无机类两种，有机类的如岩棉，阻燃效果能达到A级，但是导热系数较高，达到0.05W/m·K左右；无机类的如聚苯板等材料的导热系数较低为0.032W/m·K左右，但其防火效果最多只能达到B1级，存在消防安全隐患。想达到阻燃与良好的保温效果，目前多采用的技术为将有机类材料通过粘接材料或其自身粘接性能与成型的无机类材料进行复合。但此类复合保温板由于属于后复合的形式，其不同材料间的结合牢固度始终受到质疑，我国多地的相关标准中均要求采取相应的承托安全措施，以降低可预见的分层坠落的风险。如何实现消防安全，阻燃防火，又能兼顾优异的保温效果，一直是保温行业从业人员的一大难题。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的上述不足，本实用新型提供一种内置高效保温层的防火保温板及包含其的建筑节能结构。
本实用新型是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其包括A级防火保温外覆层、至少一个高效保温层和多个加强网部件，所述A级防火保温外覆层内具有至少一个容纳空间，所述容纳空间与所述高效保温层一一对应，且所述高效保温层填满并置于所述容纳空间内，多个所述加强网部件均位于所述A级防火保温外覆层内，且多个所述加强网部件分别位于所述高效保温层的上方和下方。
进一步地，所述内置高效保温层的防火保温板还包括若干个连接筋，若干个所述连接筋均位于所述A级防火保温外覆层内，且多个所述加强网部件之间通过若干个所述连接筋相互连接。
进一步地，所述连接筋贯穿于所述高效保温层；或者，所述连接筋与所述高效保温层之间间隔设置。
进一步地，所述高效保温层的数量为多个，多个所述高效保温层沿水平方向间隔设置在所述A级防火保温外覆层内；
和/或，所述A级防火保温外覆层的材料为A级防火保温材料。
进一步地，所述加强网部件位于所述容纳腔内抵靠于所述高效保温层的外表面；或者，所述加强网部件与所述高效保温层之间间隔设置；
和/或，所述A级防火保温外覆层的材料为有机无机复合保温材料。
进一步地，所述A级防火保温外覆层完全包裹于所述高效保温层和多个所述加强网部件；
和/或，所述A级防火保温外覆层的材料为硅墨烯保温材料。
进一步地，所述高效保温层的导热系数为小于等于0.05W/m·K，所述高效保温层的燃烧等级为不低于B2级的保温材料。
进一步地，所述A级防火保温外覆层的导热系数为小于等于0.06W/m·K，所述A级防火保温外覆层的燃烧等级为不低于A2级的防火保温材料。
进一步地，所述高效保温层的保温材料包括聚氨酯板、酚醛板、XPS挤塑板、EPS聚苯板、真空绝热板、气凝胶板、气凝胶毡、气凝胶保温制品中的一种或者多种；
当所述高效保温层的保温材料包括聚氨酯板、酚醛板、XPS挤塑板、EPS聚苯板、真空绝热板、气凝胶板、气凝胶毡、气凝胶保温制品中的多种时，多种之间相互层叠放置。
一种建筑节能结构，其包括如上所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，所述内置高效保温层的防火保温板通过粘接、锚接、粘锚结合或采取与混凝土浇筑连接的方式构成建筑保温层。
本实用新型的有益效果在于：
本实用新型的内置高效保温层的防火保温板及包含其的建筑节能结构，将高效保温层设置于A级防火保温外覆层的容纳空间内，使得A级防火保温外覆层包裹于高效保温层，通过A级防火保温外覆层能有效起到防火的作用，杜绝保温材料的防火隐患，通过高效保温层能够使得保温性能明显提高，实现消防安全，阻燃防火，又能兼顾优异的保温效果。同时，通过多个加强网部件能够有效加强整体结构强度，从而提高内置高效保温层的防火保温板的安全稳定性。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型实施例1的内置高效保温层的防火保温板的结构示意图。
图2为本实用新型实施例1的内置高效保温层的防火保温板的内部结构示意图。
图3为本实用新型实施例2的内置高效保温层的防火保温板的内部结构示意图。
图4为本实用新型实施例3的内置高效保温层的防火保温板的内部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附图，用以示例本实用新型可以用以实施的特定实施例。
实施例1
如图1和图2所示，本实施例公开了一种内置高效保温层的防火保温板，该内置高效保温层的防火保温板包括A级防火保温外覆层1、至少一个高效保温层2和多个加强网部件3，A级防火保温外覆层1内具有至少一个容纳空间，容纳空间与高效保温层2一一对应，且高效保温层2填满并置于容纳空间内，多个加强网部件3均位于A级防火保温外覆层1内，且多个加强网部件3分别位于高效保温层2的上方和下方。
通过将高效保温层2和多个加强网部件3均设置在A级防火保温外覆层1，高效保温层2设置于A级防火保温外覆层1的容纳空间内，使得A级防火保温外覆层1包裹于高效保温层2，通过A级防火保温外覆层1能有效起到防火的作用，杜绝保温材料的防火隐患；高效保温层2具有良好的保温效果，通过高效保温层2能够使得内置高效保温层的防火保温板的保温性能明显提高，实现消防安全，阻燃防火，又能兼顾优异的保温效果。同时，通过多个加强网部件3能够有效加强整体结构强度，从而提高内置高效保温层的防火保温板的安全稳定性。
在本实施例中，A级防火保温外覆层1完全包裹于高效保温层2和多个加强网部件3。有效避免了高效保温层2暴露在外，防止消防安全隐患。
其中，加强网部件3的覆盖面积大于高效保温层2的板面面积，保证了内置高效保温层的防火保温板的整体结构强度。优选地，多个加强网部件3的四周外缘均延伸至A级防火保温外覆层1的端面。
在本实施例中，如图2所示，加强网部件3的数量为两个，其中一个加强网部件3位于容纳腔内抵靠于高效保温层2的外表面。即位于容纳腔内的加强网部件3位于高效保温层2与A级防火保温外覆层1之间。另外一个加强网部件3与高效保温层2之间也可以间隔设置。即加强网部件3位于A级防火保温外覆层1内并未伸入至容纳腔内。加强网部件3的材质为金属。当然，加强网部件3的数量和材质可以不做限定。
其中，A级防火保温外覆层1的材料为A级防火保温材料。优选地，A级防火保温外覆层1的材料为有机无机复合保温材料。通过有机无机复合的A级防火保温材料的保温性能能够确保在同样厚度的保温材料情况下，强度达到相关产品标准要求，且防火性能达到A2级，无需另复合无机类板材来加强其强度与防火性能。A级防火保温外覆层1的材料可以为硅墨烯保温材料。
高效保温层2的保温材料包括聚氨酯板、酚醛板、XPS挤塑板、EPS聚苯板、真空绝热板、气凝胶板、气凝胶毡、气凝胶保温制品中的一种或者多种。从而实现高效保温层2具有良好的保温性能。当高效保温层2的保温材料包括聚氨酯板、酚醛板、XPS挤塑板、EPS聚苯板、真空绝热板、气凝胶板、气凝胶毡、气凝胶保温制品中的多种时，多种之间相互层叠放置。优选地，高效保温层2的导热系数为小于等于0.05W/m·K，高效保温层2的燃烧等级为不低于B2级的保温材料。
本实施例还公开了一种内置高效保温层的防火保温板的制备方法，该内置高效保温层的防火保温板的制备方法用于制备如上所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板。
该内置高效保温层的防火保温板的制备方法包括如下步骤：步骤S1，将A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物进行预混搅拌；步骤S2，将经过预混搅拌的A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物在模具中进行第一次布料；步骤S3，将加强网部件3与高效保温层2分别放置在模具内的经第一次布料的A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物上方；步骤S4，在模具中进行A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物的第二次布料，A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物通过第二次布料后完全包裹加强网部件3和高效保温层2；步骤S5，对模具中的材料进行加压并保压；步骤S6，拆模、脱模。
通过将A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物进行预混搅拌，使其全部搅拌均匀成为预拌胶凝材料，可使混合物初凝时间逐渐缩短，降低混合物流动性，主要作用为提升弯曲性能，增强成品抗压强度与抗弯折强度。同时，降低导热系数增强保温效果。在步骤S2至步骤S4中，通过在模具内布料实现A级防火保温外覆层1完全包裹高效保温层2，杜绝保温材料的防火隐患，且实现消防安全，阻燃防火，又能兼顾优异的保温效果。在步骤S5中通过加压保压，大大提高了生产效率，且得密实度进一步提高，抗拉强度也得到提高。最后拆模、脱模，对出模后的产品进行养护室养护，养护室干燥、通风，养护时间为7天。
采用本实用新型的内置高效保温层的防火保温板的制备方法用于制备的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，内置高效保温层的防火保温板的综合性能优异，抗拉强度高(0.13MPa以上)、抗压强度高(0.29MPa以上)，导热系数低(在25℃下，0.063W/(m·k)以下)，弯曲变形值高(6.1mm以上)，而且使其制成的保温材料能具有高效的保温效果的同时，具有不燃的防火性能(防火等级不低于A2级)，使之能在保持极佳的保温性能的同时具有防火功能，有效解决建筑外墙保温材料防火安全问题。
在本实施例中，A级防火保温外覆层1的材料为无机材料与聚苯乙烯颗粒组成。
其中，无机材料包括硅质物与钙质物。优选地，硅质物包括活性微硅粉、玻化微珠、石英粉、高岭土、膨润土、水玻璃、纳米硫酸钡和硅藻土中的一种或多种。
A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物的组分重量配比为：硅质物20～120份、钙质物10～111份、聚苯乙烯颗粒1～21份和水。由该A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物制得的内置高效保温层的防火保温板综合性能优异，抗拉强度高(0.13MPa以上)、抗压强度高(0.29MPa以上)，导热系数低(在25℃下,0.063W/(m·k)以下)，弯曲变形值高(6.1mm以上)，而且使其制成的保温材料能具有高效的保温效果的同时，具有不燃的防火性能(防火等级不低于A2级)。优选地，A级防火保温外覆层1的导热系数为小于等于0.06W/m·K，A级防火保温外覆层1的燃烧等级为不低于A2级的防火保温材料。
具体地，A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物中，聚苯乙烯颗粒与“除水和聚苯乙烯颗粒以外的原料”的重量比为(1～16)：(84～99)。其中，聚苯乙烯颗粒的密度为4-40kg/m3。
步骤S1具体为：先将A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物中无机材料进行均匀搅拌，然后按比例添加水搅拌成浆料，再添加聚苯乙烯颗粒再搅拌成A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物的混合物。
取A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物中无机材料进行均匀搅拌，之后在添加水进行充分搅拌，使其全部搅拌均匀成为浆料，最后再添加聚苯乙烯颗粒再搅拌，使其全部搅拌均匀成为预拌胶凝材料。无机材料的加入可使原料组合物具有防火性能，聚苯乙烯颗粒的材料加入，可使混合物初凝时间逐渐缩短，降低混合物流动性，主要作用为提升弯曲性能，增强成品抗压强度与抗弯折强度。同时，降低导热系数增强保温效果。
在步骤S1中，A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物的预混搅拌时间为1～60Min/m3，搅拌时间根据温度变化进行相应调整，从而实现搅拌均匀。在步骤S1中，A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物的搅拌速度为5～4200转/min。
其中，A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物还包括添加剂；添加剂包括减水剂、防水剂、可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、石墨、石膏、玻璃空心微珠和相变胶囊。
A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物还包括增强纤维；增强纤维包括共聚甲醛纤维、玻璃纤维、纤维棉、钢纤维。从而进一步提高内置高效保温层的防火保温板的整体结构强度。
A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物还包括水泥。进一步加强结构连接强度，稳定性更高。
在步骤S5与步骤S6之间还包括步骤S5.5，步骤S5.5为对模具内的材料先进行加温，之后再冷却降温。通过对模具内的材料先进行加温，采用加温的目的为促进原料组合物中的聚苯乙烯颗粒二次膨胀、硅质物与钙质物发生反应，使之膨胀体积增加，并且通过设定蒸汽压力，使其密度发生相应的变化，从而达到所需密度要求。在加温完成之后再冷却降温，因为材料加温过程中会发生反应、膨胀，经过冷却从而实现快速定型，且保证其强度，大大提高了生产效率。
在步骤S5.5中，加温温度为40～150摄氏度，加温时间为5～200min。在步骤S5.5中，冷却降温时间为20～480Min。采用加压、保压、加温以及冷却的制备工艺制备的内置高效保温层的防火保温板抗压强度提高到0.25MPa以上，抗拉强度提高到0.18MPa以上，弯曲变形值达到3mm以上，导热系数在0.06W/(m·K)以下，(和岩棉带的导热系数一致)，使之能在保持极佳的保温性能的同时具有防火功能，有效解决建筑外墙保温材料防火安全问题。优选地，在步骤S5中，加压压力为0.3～235Mpa。
在步骤S2中，A级防火保温外覆层1的原料组合物在模具中第一次布料的厚度为30～150mm。有效减轻建筑物荷载，从而优化建筑物墙体结构具有显著的作用。同时，减少体积，占用空间更小。
在步骤S3中，高效保温层2与模具边框内侧之间的距离为5～150mm。即保证高效保温层2的四周外缘的A级防火保温外覆层1的厚度为5～150mm，有效避免高效保温层2发生外漏现象，防止消防安全隐患。
本实施例还公开了一种建筑节能结构，该建筑节能结构包括如上所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，内置高效保温层的防火保温板通过粘接、锚接、粘锚结合或采取与混凝土浇筑连接的方式构成建筑保温层。
实施例2
如图3所示，本实施例2的内置高效保温层的防火保温板及其制备方法与实施例1的相同部分不再复述，仅对不同之处作说明。在本实施例2中，内置高效保温层的防火保温板还包括若干个连接筋4，若干个连接筋4均位于A级防火保温外覆层1内，且多个加强网部件3之间通过若干个连接筋4相互连接。多个加强网部件3之间通过若干个连接筋4相互连接，使得多个加强网部件3和若干个连接筋4之间形成加强网架，通过若干个连接筋4有效加强了多个加强网部件3之间的连接强度，实现对A级防火保温外覆层1和高效保温层2的强度增强效果，同时，能将A级防火保温外覆层1和高效保温层2之间进行进一步的拉结，使A级防火保温外覆层1和高效保温层2之间的连接更为紧密。
在本实施例2中，加强网部件3的数量为两个，两个加强网部件3均与高效保温层2之间间隔设置并位于高效保温层2的上方和下方。
在本实施例2中，连接筋4贯穿于高效保温层2。通过连接筋4贯穿于高效保温层2，使得连接筋4和加强网部件3对A级防火保温外覆层1和高效保温层2的拉结作用，实现连接更加紧密稳定可靠。
在内置高效保温层的防火保温板的制备方法中，在步骤S3之前包括有：将多个加强网部件3之间通过设置连接筋4连接以形成加强网架。在步骤S3之前将多个加强网部件3与若干个连接筋4之间相互连接成一整体并形成加强网架，在步骤S3就可以将加强网架放置在模具内，使用非常方便。
实施例3
如图4所示，本实施例3的内置高效保温层的防火保温板与实施例1的相同部分不再复述，仅对不同之处作说明。在本实施例1中，高效保温层2的数量为一个，A级防火保温外覆层1包裹于一个高效保温层2的六个面。在本实施例3中，高效保温层2的数量为多个，多个高效保温层2沿水平方向间隔设置在A级防火保温外覆层1内。A级防火保温外覆层1同时包裹于多个高效保温层2的六个面，使得相邻两个高效保温层2之间具有A级防火保温外覆层1来阻隔。
在本实施例3中，连接筋4与高效保温层2之间间隔设置。若干个连接筋4将全部位于A级防火保温外覆层1内，使得加强网架和高效保温层2可以分别加工制作，之后通过步骤S3将加强网架与高效保温层2分别放置在模具内，通过A级防火保温外覆层1的布料实现将加强网架与多个高效保温层2完全包裹。
在本实施例2中，加强网部件3的数量为两个，两个加强网部件3均位于容纳腔内抵靠于高效保温层2的上下两面。
以上所揭露的仅为本实用新型较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本实用新型之权利范围，因此依本实用新型权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本实用新型所涵盖的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其特征在于，其包括A级防火保温外覆层、至少一个高效保温层和多个加强网部件，所述A级防火保温外覆层内具有至少一个容纳空间，所述容纳空间与所述高效保温层一一对应，且所述高效保温层填满并置于所述容纳空间内，多个所述加强网部件均位于所述A级防火保温外覆层内，且多个所述加强网部件分别位于所述高效保温层的上方和下方。
2.如权利要求1所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述内置高效保温层的防火保温板还包括若干个连接筋，若干个所述连接筋均位于所述A级防火保温外覆层内，且多个所述加强网部件之间通过若干个所述连接筋相互连接。
3.如权利要求2所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述连接筋贯穿于所述高效保温层；或者，所述连接筋与所述高效保温层之间间隔设置。
4.如权利要求1所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述高效保温层的数量为多个，多个所述高效保温层沿水平方向间隔设置在所述A级防火保温外覆层内；
和/或，所述A级防火保温外覆层的材料为A级防火保温材料。
5.如权利要求1所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述加强网部件位于所述容纳空间内抵靠于所述高效保温层的外表面；或者，所述加强网部件与所述高效保温层之间间隔设置；
和/或，所述A级防火保温外覆层的材料为有机无机复合保温材料。
6.如权利要求1所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述A级防火保温外覆层完全包裹于所述高效保温层和多个所述加强网部件；
和/或，所述A级防火保温外覆层的材料为硅墨烯保温材料。
7.如权利要求1所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述高效保温层的导热系数为小于等于0.05W/m·K，所述高效保温层的燃烧等级为不低于B2级的保温材料。
8.如权利要求1所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述A级防火保温外覆层的导热系数为小于等于0.06W/m·K，所述A级防火保温外覆层的燃烧等级为不低于A2级的防火保温材料。
9.如权利要求1所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，其特征在于，所述高效保温层的保温材料包括聚氨酯板、酚醛板、XPS挤塑板、EPS聚苯板、真空绝热板、气凝胶板、气凝胶毡、气凝胶保温制品中的一种或者多种；
当所述高效保温层的保温材料包括聚氨酯板、酚醛板、XPS挤塑板、EPS聚苯板、真空绝热板、气凝胶板、气凝胶毡、气凝胶保温制品中的多种时，多种之间相互层叠放置。
10.一种建筑节能结构，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的内置高效保温层的防火保温板，所述内置高效保温层的防火保温板通过粘接、锚接、粘锚结合或采取与混凝土浇筑连接的方式构成建筑保温层。
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