CN219670661U

CN219670661U - High-pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis tank

Info

Publication number: CN219670661U
Application number: CN202320770798.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王森; 唐超杰
Original assignee: Shanghai Sunwise Energy System Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Sunwise Energy System Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-04-10
Filing date: 2023-04-10
Publication date: 2023-09-12
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-10

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-pressure anion membrane water electrolysis cell, which comprises a first end plate, a third end plate, a second end plate, an elastic buffer component and a filter pressing type water electrolysis cell, wherein the first end plate and the third end plate are arranged in parallel; wherein the filter-press type water electrolysis cell comprises a plurality of water electrolysis cell units which are stacked; the second end plate one side is equipped with annular boss, is equipped with the hydrogen venthole on the annular boss, and annular boss supports in filter-pressing formula water electrolysis groove top side to surround with this top side and form the hydrogen buffer chamber, offered the hydrogen intercommunication passageway of intercommunication hydrogen buffer chamber and a plurality of water electrolysis groove units on the filter-pressing formula water electrolysis groove. Compared with the prior art, the utility model reduces the cost of the complex sealing structure of the electrolytic tank, improves the economy, ensures constant pressing force and improves the durability and the reliability of the high-voltage electrolytic tank.

Description

High-pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis tank

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and relates to a high-pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis tank.

Background

Compared with a hydrogenation station with a single function, the hydrogenation integrated station can reduce the long-distance transportation cost of high-pressure hydrogen and can also avoid the occurrence of a scene of insufficient hydrogen source supply. The green hydrogen is prepared by using renewable energy electrolyzed water, is a clean and low-carbon hydrogen production process, and becomes one of important development directions of hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated stations. The hydrogen produced by the normal pressure water electrolytic cell needs to be pressurized to 45MPa or 90MPa by a hydrogenation compressor. However, the hydrotreater is bulky, heavy, costly and noisy in operation on the one hand, and the hydrotreater of the hydrotreater station can be frequently started and stopped, resulting in compressor components that are prone to failure and require frequent maintenance.

The water electrolyzer is usually a filter-pressing type structure design with repeatedly stacked cell units, and is clamped between two end plates by bolts, and the running pressure of the electrolyzer can reach and exceed 70MPa through proper selection of materials and structure of the electrolyzer and sealing design. As early as 2010, japan Honda developed a 35MPa differential pressure type high-voltage electrolytic tank based on a solid polymer film, and was applied to a small intelligent hydrogen station SHS. After 2018, the company develops a 70MPa differential pressure type high-pressure electrolytic tank aiming at the high-pressure hydrogenation requirement, a mechanical compressor is not needed at all, and about 20% of energy loss caused by using mechanical pressurization is saved. Pressurizing the gas inside the electrolyzer is an attractive option from the standpoint of equipment count, process complexity and plant reliability, i.e., designing a high pressure electrolyzer to replace the expensive hydrotreater.

Chinese patent CN 102317505a discloses a device for placing an electrolytic cell in a sealed tank-shaped pressure vessel, and pressurizing the tank-shaped pressure vessel using the generated hydrogen or oxygen as a gas medium. However, as the electrolyzer is operated multiple times, the operating environment affects the mechanical stresses of the various components of the electrolyzer differently, which may cause leakage of electrolyte or gas from the electrolyzer. On the one hand, the sealing pressure container is difficult to directly find out the problem and possibly causes safety accidents, and on the other hand, the whole device is heavy and difficult to maintain, which is contrary to the development trend of miniaturization and light weight of the electrolytic tank. Therefore, how to design a high pressure anionic membrane water electrolyzer that accommodates multi-dimensional use factors is one of the focus of attention in the art.

Chinese patent CN2743370Y discloses a water electrolytic tank, it mainly comprises end pressing plate, positive and negative end polar plate between two end pressing plates, polar plate, diaphragm gasket, sealing washer and at least 3 groups pull rod and nut, polar plate and diaphragm gasket set up alternately between positive and negative end polar plate, be equipped with on the end pressing plate with pull rod complex hole, pull rod and nut concatenate and press from both sides tight end pressing plate, end polar plate, diaphragm gasket and sealing washer, its characterized in that: a plurality of clamping mechanisms are arranged between the end pressing plate at one end and the corresponding end polar plate, and each clamping mechanism consists of a spring and a pretightening force adjusting structure; and a pre-tightening nut is arranged on the corresponding pull rod at the outer side of the end polar plate. The utility model improves the leak-proof performance of the water electrolytic tank, realizes the maintenance and repair of the water electrolytic tank by users, reduces the cost and prolongs the service life. However, this water electrolyzer has a plurality of clamping mechanisms between the end press plate and the end plate to replace the conventional disc spring components, and a pretension nut is provided on the tie rod outside the end plate, thereby creating the following drawbacks:

1) The structural design is difficult to meet the structural stability of the high-voltage electrolytic tank, the electrolytic tank is limited by the locking force of the nut at the outer side of the end polar plate, and the clamping mechanism can only perform an adjusting function when the nut is loosened;

2) A clamping mechanism is designed between the end polar plate and the end pressing plate, the end polar plate is usually connected electrically, and the clamping mechanism is directly connected with the end polar plate and the end pressing plate, so that potential electrical safety hazards can exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a high-pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis tank, which realizes long-term efficient and stable operation of the high-pressure water electrolysis tank in the prior art through a spring buffer design of an electrolysis tank device.

The aim of the utility model can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

a water electrolyzer comprises a first end plate, a third end plate, a second end plate, an elastic buffer component and a filter-pressing water electrolyzer, wherein the first end plate and the third end plate are arranged in parallel;

the filter-pressing type water electrolysis bath comprises a plurality of water electrolysis bath units which are stacked;

the second end plate one side be equipped with annular boss, annular boss on be equipped with the hydrogen venthole, annular boss support in filter-pressing formula water electrolysis groove top side to surround with this top side and form the hydrogen buffer chamber, filter-pressing formula water electrolysis groove on set up the hydrogen intercommunication passageway of intercommunication hydrogen buffer chamber and a plurality of water electrolysis groove units.

Further, the first end plate is connected with the third end plate through a pull rod.

Further, the second end plate is freely sliding between the first end plate and the third end plate.

Further, a pull rod hole for the pull rod to pass through is formed in the edge of the second end plate, and the second end plate freely slides between the first end plate and the third end plate through the pull rod and the pull rod hole.

Further, the pull rod is provided with a plurality of pull rods and is annularly distributed between the first end plate and the third end plate.

Further, 4-10 pull rods are arranged between the first end plate and the third end plate.

Further, the elastic buffer assembly comprises a plurality of limit springs which are arranged between the first end plate and the second end plate in parallel.

Further, a plurality of fixing seats are respectively arranged on the first end plate and the second end plate; the two ends of the limiting spring are respectively fixed in the corresponding fixing seats.

Further, the water electrolytic tank unit comprises an anode plate, a porous transmission layer, an anode catalytic layer, an anion exchange membrane, a cathode catalytic layer, a porous transmission layer and a cathode plate which are sequentially stacked.

Further, the cathode plate is provided with a hydrogen communication hole, and a plurality of hydrogen communication holes are mutually communicated to form a hydrogen communication channel.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following characteristics:

1) The water electrolyzer with the anion exchange membrane as the electrolyte has the characteristics of an alkaline water electrolyzer and a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, and has the advantages of low cost, quick response and low energy consumption. Unlike the porous membrane of conventional alkaline water electrolyzer, the anion membrane has low hydrogen permeability, which can realize the design of high-pressure structure, however, the differential pressure type high-pressure electrolyzer has too high requirements on the thickness and pressure resistance of the anion exchange membrane, especially the anion exchange membrane electrolyzer with large size. According to the utility model, through the design of hydraulic pressure balance of the cathode hydrogen side and the anode side, on one hand, the damage of the operating pressure of the hydrogen side to the anion exchange membrane can be reduced, and on the other hand, the thickness of the bipolar plate can be reduced, so that the light weight of the large-size electrolytic tank can be realized.

2) The elastic buffer assembly formed by a plurality of groups of springs is pressed and buffered, so that the design of a larger deformation and larger stress structure can be obtained, and meanwhile, the stress distribution of the end plate of the electrolytic tank is optimized through the regulation and control of the size, the shape, the stress and the like of the springs, so that the occurrence of stress concentration points is avoided, and the fatigue of materials is smaller than the allowable design fatigue limit. The pressure of hydrogen in the electrolytic tank can reach 70MPa, and the pressure of filling hydrogen into the automobile can be completely achieved without using a mechanical hydrogen compressor in the hydrogen preparation integrated station.

3) The utility model provides a simple and cost-effective high-voltage electrolytic cell structure, which is convenient for assembling electrolytic cell components and is suitable for mass production. The cost of the complex sealing structure of the electrolytic tank is reduced, the economy is improved, and the durability and the reliability of the high-voltage electrolytic tank are improved while the constant pressing force is ensured.

4) The utility model provides a water electrolytic tank with a three-terminal pressing plate structure, which is characterized in that an elastic buffer component is arranged between a first end plate and a second end plate, and a limiting nut limiting the position of the second end plate is removed, so that the second end plate can keep free movement, and the pressure in the electrolytic tank can be self-adapted under the regulation of the elastic buffer component according to the stress: when the water electrolyzer works, the pressure of the filter-pressing water electrolyzer generated by heat expansion and cold contraction or fluctuation of the working state floats and can be fully absorbed by the elastic buffer component in time, so that the dynamic adjustment of the working pressure of the filter-pressing water electrolyzer is realized, and the filter-pressing water electrolyzer can stably operate under high pressure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a water electrolyzer according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the front view of a water electrolyzer according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the junction of the second end plate and the filter press water separator;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the elastic buffer assembly;

the figure indicates:

100-high-pressure anion exchange membrane water electrolytic bath, 101-filter pressing type water electrolytic bath, 102-end plate, 102 a-first end plate, 102 b-second end plate, 102 c-third end plate, 103-pull rod, 104-hydrogen buffer cavity, 105-hydrogen communication channel, 106-hydrogen vent hole, 107-elastic buffer component, 108-limit spring and 109-fixing seat.

Detailed Description

The utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The following examples are given with the above technical solutions of the present utility model as a premise, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1:

a water electrolyzer as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising a first end plate 102a and a third end plate 102c arranged in parallel, a second end plate 102b movably arranged between the first end plate 102a and the third end plate 102c, an elastic buffer member 107 elastically connected between the first end plate 102a and the first end plate 102a, and a filter-press water electrolyzer 101 arranged between the second end plate 102b and the third end plate 102c; the filter press type water electrolysis cell 101 includes a plurality of water electrolysis cell units arranged in a stack. The water electrolysis cell unit comprises an anode plate, an anion exchange membrane and a cathode plate which are sequentially stacked. The cathode plate is provided with a hydrogen communication hole, and a plurality of hydrogen communication holes are communicated with each other to form a hydrogen communication channel 105.

When the water electrolyzer unit works, water is introduced into the water electrolyzer unit, after the end polar plates are connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, direct current or voltage is introduced, hydrogen and oxygen are generated in the electrolyzer, the hydrogen fills the hydrogen communication channel 105 and the hydrogen buffer cavity 104, the generated hydrogen is regulated through back end back pressure, and the pressure of the hydrogen outlet hole 106 is arranged on the second end plate 102b to reach the expected working operation pressure.

As shown in fig. 3, an annular boss is disposed on one side of the second end plate 102b, a hydrogen outlet hole 106 is disposed on the annular boss, the annular boss is supported on the top side of the filter-press type water electrolysis cell 101 and surrounds the top side to form a hydrogen buffer cavity 104, and a hydrogen communication channel 105 for communicating the hydrogen buffer cavity 104 with a plurality of water electrolysis cell units is disposed on the filter-press type water electrolysis cell 101.

The elastic buffer assembly 107, as shown in fig. 4, includes a plurality of limiting springs 108 juxtaposed between the first end plate 102a and the second end plate 102 b. A plurality of fixing seats 109 are respectively arranged on the first end plate 102a and the second end plate 102 b; both ends of the limiting spring 108 are respectively fixed in the corresponding fixing seats 109.

The compression amount of the limiting spring 108 is 15% -25% when the anion exchange membrane water electrolytic tank is fastened, so that the limiting spring 108 can be used for relieving the change of thermal expansion and cold contraction in a working scene on one hand, and buffering the internal pressure of the water electrolytic tank during working on the other hand.

In some embodiments, the first end plate 102a and the third end plate 102c are connected by a pull rod 103, and the pre-tightening force between the first end plate 102a and the third end plate 102c is adjusted by a nut on the pull rod 103.

In some embodiments, the tie rods 103 are provided in plurality and annularly distributed between the first end plate 102a and the third end plate 102c. Preferably, 4 to 10 tie rods 103 are provided between the first end plate 102a and the third end plate 102c.

In some embodiments, the second end plate 102b is free to slide between the first end plate 102a and the third end plate 102c. More specifically, the edge of the second end plate 102b is provided with a pull rod hole through which the pull rod 103 passes, and the second end plate 102b freely slides between the first end plate 102a and the third end plate 102c through the pull rod 103 and the pull rod hole.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 1 to 3, a high pressure anion exchange membrane water electrolysis cell 100 has:

a filter-press type water electrolysis cell 101 formed by repeatedly laminated cell units having an anode plate and a cathode plate, the middle of which is partitioned by an anion exchange membrane;

an end plate 102 which fastens the repeatedly stacked cell units by applying a clamping force through a tie rod 103; wherein the end plate 102 comprises: a first end plate 102a comprising a water inlet and a water outlet, a second end plate 102b comprising a hydrogen gas outlet port 106, and a third end plate 102c;

the second end plate 102b is provided with a hydrogen buffer cavity 104 on the side adjacent to the cathode plate, the anion exchange membrane and the cathode plate are provided with hydrogen communication holes, the hydrogen communication holes form a through hydrogen communication channel 105 along the stacking direction of the cell units, and the hydrogen buffer cavity 104 is communicated with the hydrogen communication channel 105 and a hydrogen outlet hole 106;

a spring buffer area 107 is arranged between the second end plate 102b and the third end plate 102c;

the cathode plate side of the high-pressure anion exchange membrane water electrolysis cell is the internal pressure generated by hydrogen in the water electrolysis process.

The spring buffer area 107 is provided with a limit spring 108, and two ends of the limit spring 108 are provided with fixing seats 109 and are fixed on the second end plate 102b and the third end plate 102c through the fixing seats 109.

The limiting spring 108 mainly comprises: on one hand, the change of expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold in a working scene is relieved, on the other hand, the internal pressure of the water electrolysis cell is buffered, and the compression amount of the spring is 15% -25% when the anion exchange membrane water electrolysis cell is fastened.

After water is introduced into the water inlet hole of the first end plate and the end plate is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, direct current or voltage is introduced, hydrogen and oxygen are generated in the electrolytic tank, the hydrogen fills the hydrogen communication channel 105 and the hydrogen buffer cavity 104, and the generated hydrogen is regulated through back end back pressure, so that the pressure of the hydrogen outlet hole 106 arranged on the second end plate 102b reaches the expected working operation pressure.

The pressure of the anode inlet water of the high-pressure electrolytic tank is boosted with the increase of the hydrogen side pressure, and the anode inlet water and the hydrogen side pressure are kept balanced.

The pressure range of the hydrogen supplied by the anion exchange membrane water electrolytic tank can be up to 70MPa, and the pressure of the anode side can be up to 70MPa.

The previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-pressure anionic membrane water electrolyzer, characterized by comprising a first end plate (102 a) and a third end plate (102 c) which are arranged in parallel, a second end plate (102 b) which is movably arranged between the first end plate (102 a) and the third end plate (102 c), an elastic buffer component (107) which is elastically connected between the first end plate (102 a) and the first end plate (102 a), and a filter-pressing water electrolyzer (101) which is arranged between the second end plate (102 b) and the third end plate (102 c);

the filter-press type water electrolysis cell (101) comprises a plurality of water electrolysis cell units which are stacked;

the hydrogen gas filter is characterized in that an annular boss is arranged on one side of the second end plate (102 b), a hydrogen gas outlet hole (106) is formed in the annular boss, the annular boss is supported on the top side of the filter-pressing type water electrolysis cell (101) and surrounds the top side to form a hydrogen gas buffer cavity (104), and a hydrogen gas communication channel (105) for communicating the hydrogen gas buffer cavity (104) with a plurality of water electrolysis cell units is formed in the filter-pressing type water electrolysis cell (101).

2. The high-pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis cell according to claim 1, wherein the first end plate (102 a) and the third end plate (102 c) are connected by a tie rod (103).

3. A high pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis cell according to claim 2, characterised in that the second end plate (102 b) is free to slide between the first end plate (102 a) and the third end plate (102 c).

4. A high pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis cell according to claim 3, wherein the edge of the second end plate (102 b) is provided with a pull rod hole for the pull rod (103) to pass through, and the second end plate (102 b) is freely slid between the first end plate (102 a) and the third end plate (102 c) through the pull rod (103) and the pull rod hole.

5. The high-pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis cell according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of tie rods (103) are provided and annularly distributed between the first end plate (102 a) and the third end plate (102 c).

6. The high-pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis cell according to claim 5, wherein 4-10 tie rods (103) are arranged between the first end plate (102 a) and the third end plate (102 c).

7. A high pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis cell according to claim 1, wherein the elastic buffer assembly (107) comprises a plurality of limit springs (108) juxtaposed between the first end plate (102 a) and the second end plate (102 b).

8. The high-pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis cell according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of fixing seats (109) are respectively arranged on the first end plate (102 a) and the second end plate (102 b); both ends of the limiting spring (108) are respectively fixed in corresponding fixing seats (109).

9. The high-pressure anionic membrane water electrolysis cell according to claim 1, wherein the water electrolysis cell unit comprises an anode plate, an anion exchange membrane and a cathode plate which are stacked in sequence.

10. The high-pressure anionic membrane water electrolytic cell as claimed in claim 9, wherein the cathode plate is provided with a hydrogen communication hole, and a plurality of hydrogen communication holes are communicated with each other to form a hydrogen communication channel (105).