CN219625801U - Common-aperture visible, short-wave and long-wave infrared three-color optical system - Google Patents
Common-aperture visible, short-wave and long-wave infrared three-color optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN219625801U CN219625801U CN202223526375.0U CN202223526375U CN219625801U CN 219625801 U CN219625801 U CN 219625801U CN 202223526375 U CN202223526375 U CN 202223526375U CN 219625801 U CN219625801 U CN 219625801U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a common aperture visible, short wave and long wave infrared three-color optical system, which solves the problems of complex structure and huge volume of the existing three-wave band camera, and realizes the simultaneous imaging of visible light, short wave infrared and long wave infrared by the scheme of combining a front-end main mirror and a secondary mirror and combining a color separation film for light separation by three wave bands, thereby ensuring the compactness of the system structure. After a target is reflected by a reflecting system formed by the main mirror and the secondary mirror, utilizing a first color separation film at the back of the main mirror to realize visible light, short wave infrared and long wave infrared wave band light separation, and enabling long wave infrared to enter a compensating lens group to be imaged on a long wave infrared detector after passing through the first color separation film; the light rays of the short wave infrared and visible light wave bands pass through the second color splitting sheet to realize the light splitting of the short wave infrared and visible light wave bands, and the light beams after the light splitting are respectively imaged on the corresponding detectors through the respective compensating lenses.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of optical imaging, in particular to a common-aperture visible, short-wave and long-wave infrared three-color optical system which is mainly used for satellite-borne large-range target observation.
Background
In recent years, with the progress of technology and the increasing complexity of application environments, the conventional single-band imaging system has the problems of weak detection information and low precision, so that it is difficult to meet various detection requirements. Because the optical characteristics of targets represented in different spectral bands are greatly different, a three-band imaging system can be formed by using visible light, short-wave infrared and long-wave infrared. The visible light imaging image has rich details, is convenient for observing target details, but is limited to observe under the condition of bad illumination conditions such as complex weather conditions, night and the like. The infrared imaging has the advantages of good concealment, no limitation of illumination conditions, strong anti-interference capability, realization of long-distance and full-day work, and low resolution compared with visible light, but overcomes the defect of poor imaging observation of the visible light at night to a certain extent. Therefore, three-band imaging consisting of visible light, short-wave infrared and long-wave infrared can effectively improve the target detection and recognition capability of a camera by virtue of good complementarity, realize all-weather, wide coverage and high-resolution imaging and obtain more comprehensive and accurate target information.
The traditional detection of three wave bands of visible light, short wave infrared and long wave infrared is usually to design three independent cameras to detect respectively, so that the volume and the quality are large, and the engineering applicability is not strong.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a common-aperture visible, short-wave and long-wave infrared three-color optical system, which mainly solves the problem of huge volume of the existing three-wave-band camera.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
the common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared three-color optical system is characterized in that: the device comprises a primary mirror and a secondary mirror which are sequentially arranged along an optical path and used for reflecting visible light wave bands, short wave infrared wave bands and long wave infrared wave bands; the infrared detector also comprises a first light splitting sheet, a second light splitting sheet, a visible light compensation lens group, a visible light detector, a short wave infrared compensation lens group, a short wave infrared detector, a long wave infrared compensation lens group and a long wave infrared detector;
the first light splitting piece is arranged in an emergent light path of the secondary mirror, and the second light splitting piece is arranged in one path of emergent light path of the first light splitting piece;
the visible light compensation lens group, the short wave infrared compensation lens group and the long wave infrared compensation lens group are respectively positioned in two paths of emergent light paths of the second light splitting sheet and the other path of emergent light path of the first light splitting sheet; or the visible light compensation lens group, the long-wave infrared compensation lens group and the short-wave infrared compensation lens group are respectively positioned in two paths of emergent light paths of the second light splitting sheet and the other path of emergent light path of the first light splitting sheet; or the long-wave infrared compensation lens group, the short-wave infrared compensation lens group and the visible light compensation lens group are respectively positioned in two paths of emergent light paths of the second light splitting sheet and the other path of emergent light path of the first light splitting sheet;
the visible light detector, the short wave infrared detector and the long wave infrared detector are respectively positioned in the emergent light paths of the visible light compensation lens group, the short wave infrared compensation lens group and the long wave infrared compensation lens group.
Further, the visible light compensation lens group, the short wave infrared compensation lens group and the long wave infrared compensation lens group are respectively positioned in two paths of emergent light paths of the second light splitting sheet and the other path of emergent light path of the first light splitting sheet; the first light splitting sheet transmits a long-wave infrared band, reflects a visible light band and a short-wave infrared band, and the second light splitting sheet transmits the short-wave infrared band and reflects the visible light band;
after being reflected by the primary mirror, the secondary mirror, the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror, the visible light wave band is imaged on a visible light detector through a visible light compensation lens group, and the working wave band is 0.5-0.8 mu m;
the short wave infrared band is reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, reflected by the first dichroic mirror and transmitted by the second dichroic mirror, and imaged on the short wave infrared detector by the short wave infrared compensation lens group, and the working band is 1.45-1.65 mu m;
the long-wave infrared band is reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, and is imaged on the long-wave infrared detector through the long-wave infrared compensation lens group after being transmitted by the first dichroic mirror, and the working band is 8.0-12.0 mu m.
Further, the visible light compensation lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens which are sequentially arranged along the light path from the object side to the image side; the first lens focal length f 11 ' satisfy: f is 0 < f 11 '＜0.5f 1 ' second lens focal length f 12 ' satisfy: -0.5f' < f 12 ' less than 0, third lens focal length f 13 ' satisfy: -0.5f' < f 13 ' less than 0, the fourth lens focal length f 14 The method meets the following conditions: f is 0 < f 14 '＜0.5f 1 ', wherein f 1 ' is the total focal length of the visible light compensating lens group.
Further, the above short wave redThe external compensation lens group comprises a fifth lens, a sixth lens and a seventh lens which are sequentially arranged from the object space to the image space along the light path; the fifth lens focal length f 21 ' satisfy: f is 0 < f 21 '＜0.5f 2 ' sixth lens focal length f 22 ' should satisfy: -0.5f 2 '＜f 22 ' less than 0, seventh lens focal length f 23 ' should satisfy: -0.5f 2 '＜f 23 ' < 0, where f 2 ' is the total focal length of the short wave infrared compensation lens group.
Further, the long-wave infrared compensation lens group comprises an eighth lens, a ninth lens and a tenth lens which are sequentially arranged along the light path from the object space to the image space, wherein the eighth lens, the ninth lens and the tenth lens are spherical mirrors; focal length f of eighth lens 31 ' satisfy: f is 0 < f 31 '＜0.5f 3 ' ninth lens focal length f 32 ' satisfy: -0.5f 3 '＜f 32 ' less than 0, tenth lens focal length f 33 ' satisfy: f is 0 < f 33 '＜0.5f 3 ', wherein f 3 ' is the total focal length of the long-wave infrared compensating lens group.
Further, the visible light compensation lens group, the short wave infrared compensation lens group and the long wave infrared compensation lens group are eccentric relative to the optical axis of the system, and astigmatism introduced by the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror is compensated.
Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror are both secondary hyperboloid reflectors.
Further, the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror are parallel to each other, and each have an included angle of 45 ° with the optical axis.
Further, the reflecting surfaces of the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror are planes, and the transmitting surface is a higher order aspheric surface. The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1. according to the utility model, through the scheme of sharing the front-end primary mirror and the secondary mirror by three wave bands and combining the color separation film for light separation, the visible light, the short wave infrared and the long wave infrared are simultaneously imaged, the compactness of the system structure is ensured, the volume and the quality of the whole optical system are reduced, and the miniaturization design of the whole system is facilitated.
2. The medium-wave infrared and long-wave infrared band imaging system adopts the compensation lens group to comprehensively correct the aberration, and has certain eccentricity relative to the optical axis of the system for compensating the astigmatism introduced by the dichroic mirror, so that the image quality of three wave bands reaches the diffraction limit, and the imaging quality is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a common aperture visible, short-wave, long-wave infrared three-color optical system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a common aperture visible, short-wave, long-wave infrared three-color optical system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the MTF of a visible light system in a common aperture visible, short wave, and long wave infrared trichromatic optical system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing MTF of a short wave infrared system in a common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared three-color optical system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing MTF of a long wave infrared system in a common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared trichromatic optical system of an embodiment;
FIG. 6 shows a full system image plane speckle of a visible light system in a common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared three-color optical system of an embodiment;
FIG. 7 shows the image plane diffuse spots of the whole system of the short wave infrared system in the common aperture visible, short wave and long wave infrared three-color optical system of the embodiment;
FIG. 8 shows a full system image plane speckle of a long-wave infrared system in a common aperture visible, short-wave, and long-wave infrared three-color optical system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the distortion of the field curvature of a full system of a visible light system in a common aperture visible, short wave, and long wave infrared three-color optical system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the distortion of the field curvature of a full system of a short wave infrared system in a three-color optical system of common aperture visible, short wave and long wave infrared;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the distortion of the field curvature of a full system of a long-wave infrared system in a three-color optical system of common aperture visible, short-wave, and long-wave infrared in an embodiment;
the reference numerals in the drawings are: 1. a primary mirror; 2. a secondary mirror; 3. a first dichroic mirror; 4. a second dichroic mirror; 5. a first lens; 6. a second lens; 7. a third lens; 8. a fourth lens; 9. a fifth lens; 10. a sixth lens; 11. a seventh lens; 12. an eighth lens; 13. a ninth lens; 14. and a tenth lens.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the utility model, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the common aperture visible/short wave/long wave infrared three-color optical system of the present embodiment is mainly composed of a main mirror 1, a sub-mirror 2, a first dichroic mirror 3, a second dichroic mirror 4, a first lens 5, a second lens 6, a third lens 7, a fourth lens 8, a fifth lens 9, a sixth lens 10, a seventh lens 11, an eighth lens 12, a ninth lens 13, and a tenth lens 14.
After being reflected by the main mirror 1, the secondary mirror 2, the first dichroic mirror 3 and the second dichroic mirror 4, a visible light wave band is formed into a visible light wave band imaging system through a first lens 5, a second lens 6, a third lens 7 and a fourth lens 8 which are sequentially arranged and suitable for the visible light wave band, and the working wave band is 0.5-0.8 mu m;
the short wave infrared band is reflected by the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2, reflected by the first dichroic mirror 3 and transmitted by the second dichroic mirror 4, and then passes through a short wave infrared band imaging system optical path formed by a fifth lens 9, a sixth lens 10 and a seventh lens 11 which are sequentially arranged and suitable for the short wave infrared band, wherein the working band is 1.45-1.65 mu m;
the long-wave infrared band is reflected by the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2, and after being transmitted by the dichroic mirror, the long-wave infrared band is formed by an eighth lens 12, a ninth lens 13 and a tenth lens 14 which are sequentially arranged and suitable for the long-wave infrared band, and the working band of the long-wave infrared band imaging system is 8.0-12.0 mu m;
first lens 5, second lens 6, third lensThe mirrors 7 are spherical mirrors; first lens focal length f 11 The following should be satisfied: f is 0 < f 11 ’＜0.5f 1 ' second lens focal length f 12 ' should satisfy: -0.5f' < f 12 ' less than 0, third lens focal length f 13 ' should satisfy: -0.5f' < f 13 ' < 0, the fourth lens focal length f 14 The following should be satisfied: f is 0 < f 14 ’＜0.5f 1 ', wherein f 1 ' is the total focal length of the visible band.
The fifth lens 9, the sixth lens 10 and the seventh lens 11 are spherical mirrors; fifth lens focal length f 21 ' should satisfy: f is 0 < f 21 ’＜0.5f 2 ' sixth lens focal length f 22 ' should satisfy: -0.5f 2 ’＜f 22 ' less than 0, seventh lens focal length f 23 ' should satisfy: -0.5f 2 '＜f 23 ' < 0, where f 2 ' is the total focal length of the long-wave infrared band;
the eighth lens 12, the ninth lens 13 and the tenth lens 14 are spherical mirrors; focal length f of eighth lens 31 ' should satisfy: f is 0 < f 31 '＜0.5f 3 ' ninth lens focal length f 32 ' should satisfy: -0.5f 3 '＜f 32 ' less than 0, tenth lens focal length f 33 ' should satisfy: f is 0 < f 33 '＜0.5f 3 ', wherein f 3 ' is the total focal length of the long-wave infrared band.
The included angle between the first dichroic mirror 3 and the second dichroic mirror 4 and the optical axis is 45 degrees, the reflecting surfaces of the dichroic mirrors with parallel relation are planes, the transmitting surfaces are high-order aspheric surfaces, and the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2 are secondary hyperboloid surfaces.
In this embodiment, the parameters of the primary mirror 1 are: r is R Main mirror = -189.5, principal mirror aspherical coefficient K Main mirror Primary and secondary mirror spacing D of-1.09 Primary and secondary mirror ＝-55.2。
The secondary mirror 2 parameters are: r is R Secondary mirror = -94.0, secondary mirror aspherical coefficient K Secondary mirror Is-2.26.
The first lens 5 parameters are: g 1 ＝H-F13，R 1 ＝58.5，R 2 ＝-91.8，D 1 ＝10.4，D 2 =1.2; the second lens 6 parameters are: g 2 ＝D-ZLAF85L，R 3 ＝-124.9，R 4 ＝79.5，D 3 ＝6.6，D 4 =8.3; the third lens 7 parameters are: g 3 ＝H-LAF62，R 5 ＝-31.0，R 6 ＝-390.7，D 5 ＝6.6，D 6 =5.8; the fourth lens 8 parameters are: g 4 ＝H-ZK9A，R 7 ＝-39.3，R 8 ＝-32.6，D 7 ＝10.2，D 8 ＝12.8。
The fifth lens 9 parameters are: g 5 ＝JGS1，R 9 ＝18.5，R 10 ＝38.2，D 9 ＝5.7，D 10 =1.5; the sixth lens 10 parameters are: g 6 ＝H-ZK3，R 11 ＝-19.8，R 12 ＝-85.8，D 11 ＝9.1，D 12 =1.6; the seventh lens 11 parameters are: g 7 ＝H-ZF7，R 13 ＝12.1，R 14 ＝-40.2，D 13 ＝6.2，D 14 ＝6.0。
The eighth lens 12 parameters are: g 8 ＝Ge，R 15 ＝52.2，R 16 ＝69.3，D 15 ＝14.5，D 16 =2.4; the ninth lens 13 parameters are: g 9 ＝Ge，R 17 ＝172.4，R 18 ＝40.0，D 17 ＝14.5，D 18 =9.1; the tenth lens 14 parameters were: g 10 ＝Ge，R 19 ＝35.9，R 20 ＝50.5，D 19 ＝14.5，D 20 ＝9.9。
Wherein G is 1 ,G 2 ,…G 10 Focal lengths of the first lens 5, the second lens 6, the third lens 7, the fourth lens 8, the fifth lens 9, the sixth lens 10, the seventh lens 11, the eighth lens 12, the ninth lens 13, and the tenth lens 14, respectively, D 1 ,D 2 ,…D 20 Center thicknesses of the first lens 5, the second lens 6, the third lens 7, the fourth lens 8, the fifth lens 9, the sixth lens 10, the seventh lens 11, the eighth lens 12, the ninth lens 13, and the tenth lens 14 are respectively spaced from air, R 1 ,R 2 ,…R 20 A first lens 5, a second lens 6, a third lens 7, a fourth lens 8, a fifth lens 9, a sixth lens 10, a seventh lens 11, an eighth lens 12, and a ninth lens, respectively13. The tenth lens 14 has a total of 20 surface radii of curvature.
As can be seen from fig. 3 to 11, in the optical system provided in this embodiment, the focal length of the visible light band system is 800mm, the imaging field of view is 3.4 °, the working band is 500-800nm, the effective entrance pupil diameter of the system is 90mm (deducting the central obscuration), and the whole field of view is free from vignetting; the focal length of the short wave infrared band system is 200mm, the imaging view field is 0.5 degrees, the working band is 1.054-1.074um, the effective entrance pupil diameter of the system is 90mm (central obscuration is deducted), and the whole view field has no vignetting; the focal length of the long-wave infrared band system is 200mm, the imaging view field is 5.0 degrees, the working band is 8.0-12.0um, the effective entrance pupil diameter of the system is 90mm (the central obscuration is deducted), and the whole view field has no vignetting. The dual-band system has higher imaging quality in the full view field range within the wave bands of 500-800nm, 1.45-1.65um and 8.0-12.0um, and the relative distortion is less than 1%.
Claims (9)
1. The common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared three-color optical system is characterized in that: the device comprises a primary mirror and a secondary mirror which are sequentially arranged along an optical path and used for reflecting visible light wave bands, short wave infrared wave bands and long wave infrared wave bands; the infrared detector also comprises a first light splitting sheet, a second light splitting sheet, a visible light compensation lens group, a visible light detector, a short wave infrared compensation lens group, a short wave infrared detector, a long wave infrared compensation lens group and a long wave infrared detector;
the first light splitting piece is arranged in an emergent light path of the secondary mirror, and the second light splitting piece is arranged in one path of emergent light path of the first light splitting piece;
the visible light compensation lens group, the short wave infrared compensation lens group and the long wave infrared compensation lens group are respectively positioned in two paths of emergent light paths of the second light splitting sheet and the other path of emergent light path of the first light splitting sheet; or the visible light compensation lens group, the long-wave infrared compensation lens group and the short-wave infrared compensation lens group are respectively positioned in two paths of emergent light paths of the second light splitting sheet and the other path of emergent light path of the first light splitting sheet; or the long-wave infrared compensation lens group, the short-wave infrared compensation lens group and the visible light compensation lens group are respectively positioned in two paths of emergent light paths of the second light splitting sheet and the other path of emergent light path of the first light splitting sheet;
the visible light detector, the short wave infrared detector and the long wave infrared detector are respectively positioned in the emergent light paths of the visible light compensation lens group, the short wave infrared compensation lens group and the long wave infrared compensation lens group.
2. The common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared trichromatic optical system of claim 1, wherein: the first light splitting sheet transmits a long-wave infrared band, reflects a visible light band and a short-wave infrared band, and the second light splitting sheet transmits the short-wave infrared band and reflects the visible light band;
after being reflected by the primary mirror, the secondary mirror, the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror, the visible light wave band is imaged on a visible light detector through a visible light compensation lens group, and the working wave band is 0.5-0.8 mu m;
the short wave infrared band is reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, reflected by the first dichroic mirror and transmitted by the second dichroic mirror, and imaged on the short wave infrared detector by the short wave infrared compensation lens group, and the working band is 1.45-1.65 mu m;
the long-wave infrared band is reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, and is imaged on the long-wave infrared detector through the long-wave infrared compensation lens group after being transmitted by the first dichroic mirror, and the working band is 8.0-12.0 mu m.
3. The common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared trichromatic optical system of claim 2, wherein: the visible light compensation lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens which are sequentially arranged from an object space to an image space along an optical path; focal length f of the first lens 11 ' satisfy: f is 0 < f 11 '＜0.5f 1 ' focal length f of second lens 12 ' satisfy: -0.5f' < f 12 ' 0, focal length f of third lens 13 ' satisfy: -0.5f' < f 13 ' 0, focal length f of the fourth lens 14 The method meets the following conditions: f is 0 < f 14 '＜0.5f 1 ', wherein f 1 ' is the total focal length of the visible light compensating lens group.
4. The common aperture visible of claim 3,Short wave, long wave infrared three-colour optical system, its characterized in that: the short wave infrared compensation lens group comprises a fifth lens, a sixth lens and a seventh lens which are sequentially arranged from an object space to an image space along a light path; focal length f of the fifth lens 21 ' satisfy: f is 0 < f 21 '＜0.5f 2 ' focal length f of sixth lens 22 ' should satisfy: -0.5f 2 '＜f 22 ' 0, focal length f of seventh lens 23 ' should satisfy: -0.5f 2 '＜f 23 ' < 0, where f 2 ' is the total focal length of the short wave infrared compensation lens group.
5. The common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared trichromatic optical system of claim 4, wherein: the long-wave infrared compensation lens group comprises an eighth lens, a ninth lens and a tenth lens which are sequentially arranged along a light path from an object space to an image space, and the eighth lens, the ninth lens and the tenth lens are spherical mirrors; focal length f of eighth lens 31 ' satisfy: f is 0 < f 31 '＜0.5f 3 ' focal length f of ninth lens 32 ' satisfy: -0.5f 3 '＜f 32 ' 0, focal length f of tenth lens 33 ' satisfy: f is 0 < f 33 '＜0.5f 3 ', wherein f 3 ' is the total focal length of the long-wave infrared compensating lens group.
6. The common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared trichromatic optical system of claim 5, wherein: the visible light compensation lens group, the short wave infrared compensation lens group and the long wave infrared compensation lens group are eccentric relative to the optical axis of the system, and astigmatism introduced by the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror is compensated.
7. The common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared trichromatic optical system of claim 6, wherein: the primary mirror and the secondary mirror are both secondary hyperboloid reflectors.
8. The common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared trichromatic optical system of claim 7, wherein: the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror are parallel to each other and have an included angle of 45 degrees with the optical axis.
9. The common aperture visible, short wave, long wave infrared trichromatic optical system of claim 8, wherein: the reflecting surfaces of the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror are planes, and the transmitting surface is a higher aspheric surface.
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| CN202223526375.0U CN219625801U (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Common-aperture visible, short-wave and long-wave infrared three-color optical system |
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