CN219609849U - Device for simulating wingtip vortex - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for simulating wingtip vortex, which comprises an airplane model, cotton balls, cotton threads, a force measuring balance, a supporting mechanism, an air speed generating device, smoke, a laser and a support, wherein the cotton threads are stuck on the airplane model, the cotton threads are connected with the cotton balls, the airplane model is fixed on the force measuring balance, the force measuring balance is connected with the supporting mechanism, the air speed generating device is arranged in front of the airplane model, the smoke is distributed at an outlet of the air speed generating device, and the laser is arranged on the upper part of the airplane model and is connected with the support. Through the flow display in the device, cotton ball and cotton thread movements are combined with force balance data, the generation principle of wingtip vortex is clearly and intuitively displayed for students, and the teaching effect is improved by combining theory and practice. The device can well simulate and demonstrate wingtip vortex, has the characteristics of convenient observation, good demonstration effect, low cost, simple operation, good portability and the like, and can well meet teaching requirements.

Description

Device for simulating wingtip vortex

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of aerodynamics and flight mechanics teaching of an airplane, relates to an important means of aerodynamics and flight mechanics teaching research of the airplane, namely simulation demonstration, and particularly relates to a device for simulating wingtip vortex.

Background

The simulation demonstration is an important teaching means for enhancing the visual perception of students. The simulation demonstration is to realize reality of some objects. For objective reasons, the teaching of aircrew class can not describe the image of some important phenomena occurring when the aircraft actually flies, watching the video lacks substitution feeling, and independent experimental teaching or visiting is difficult to ensure in time or effect, and the simulation demonstration can be used for teaching some important flying phenomena, concepts and definitions in combination with class teaching. Each theoretical breakthrough in the development of fluid mechanics and its application in engineering almost always starts from the demonstration of flow phenomena.

The principle of the aircraft for generating lift force during normal flight is that the pressure difference between the upper airfoil surface and the lower airfoil surface is larger than the upper airfoil surface, airflow can flow from the lower airfoil surface to the upper airfoil surface under the action of the pressure difference, so that wingtip vortex is generated, the pressure equalizing effect of the wingtip vortex can reduce the lift force of the aircraft, and the aircraft is particularly remarkable for a large-scale airliner, so that wingtip tips are frequently seen on the wings of the airliner, the effect is to weaken the flow of the airflow from the lower airfoil surface to the upper airfoil surface, and for a fighter plane, a wingknife, a vortex generator or leading edge saw teeth are often arranged. Due to the important influence of wingtip vortex, a certain distance is required to be kept when an airplane makes formation flight, when an airport takes off and land, the airplane take-off interval has strict requirements, particularly, after a large-scale airliner takes off, the formed wingtip vortex has large scale and wide influence range, and can generate great influence on a small airliner, and the wingtip vortex must take off and land strictly according to the airport-related rule, otherwise, safety accidents are easily caused, and the wingtip vortex is naturally arranged into different formations when a wild goose flies, so that the proper distance is kept, namely, the principle of rising airflow of the wingtip vortex is utilized, so that the wingtip vortex is helpful to save work and labor when an individual flies, and the energy consumption is reduced. Wingtip vortex is an important concept in aerodynamics, and is an aerodynamic phenomenon encountered in actual flight, and aerodynamics is a class course of a flight principle which is used for learning the first contact of subsequent flight knowledge and skills by an aeronaut, and is based on the whole system. Understanding the principle and effect of wingtip vortex generation plays an important role in the subsequent understanding of many flight phenomena in flight and the grasping of actual manipulation in flight training by students. While the traditional classroom teaching is that a learner sees or hears video animation or theoretical explanation, and the generating principle of wingtip vortex is difficult to know and perceive deeply. While on-site teaching is limited by many conditions, it is difficult to teach Shi Xun.

In view of this, how to design a device for simulating wingtip vortex which is practical, feasible, simple, convenient and easy to use, and good in effect and method has important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the contradiction and problems existing in the traditional classroom teaching and the field teaching, the utility model provides a device for simulating wingtip vortex for the battle and the educator, which is not only suitable for the classroom demonstration teaching, but also has important reference and reference practical value for science popularization teaching and the like.

The utility model provides a device for simulating wingtip vortex, which comprises: the aircraft model, cotton ball, cotton thread, dynamometry balance, supporting mechanism, wind speed generating device, smoke generator, laser instrument, support, paste the cotton thread on the aircraft model, the cotton thread links to each other with the cotton ball, and the aircraft model is fixed on the dynamometry balance, and the dynamometry balance bottom is connected with the supporting mechanism that can realize every single move angle adjustment, and supporting mechanism includes vertical pole and diagonal brace, and diagonal brace passes through screw fastening with the vertical pole, and the dynamometry balance measurable aircraft receives power and moment, wind speed generating device arranges in aircraft model the place ahead, and smoke generator arranges in wind speed generating device exit, the laser instrument is arranged in aircraft model upper portion and is connected with the support. The flow field on the wing surface can be displayed under the action of the smoke generator and the laser. Through flow display and cotton ball movement, combined with force measurement balance data, the whole process and principle of wingtip vortex generation are clearly and intuitively shown to students, and through continuously adjusting the attack angle of an airplane model, development change of wingtip vortex and important influence on lift force are demonstrated, so that the students can deeply understand the generation of wingtip vortex, and the device has good boosting effect on various actions in follow-up actual flight and tactical training.

Preferably, the aircraft model fuselage is hollow. The aircraft model is hollow, so that the weight of the model can be reduced, the aircraft model is convenient to carry, and meanwhile, the modular assembly is facilitated.

Preferably, the cotton thread is glued to the wing tip of the aircraft model. The cotton thread cotton ball has small mass, good following performance when airflow flows, and wingtip vortex is generated by wingtip parts when an airplane actually flies, so that the cotton thread is stuck to the wingtip parts along with downstream flowing and diffusion of the airflow, the wingtip vortex can be more obviously demonstrated from the process of appearance to expansion, and the flowing on a certain section can be clearly demonstrated to students by means of the movement of the cotton ball.

Preferably, the force measuring balance is a device for measuring force and moment, the pressure equalizing effect of wing tip vortex reduces the lifting force of the airplane when the airplane flies, the aerodynamic moment suffered by the airplane is changed along with the pressure equalizing effect, and qualitative display is combined with quantitative data, so that students can be helped to understand relevant abstract theoretical knowledge more deeply.

Preferably, the wind speed generating device is an adjustable speed device. The wind speed generating device is specifically a small miniature axial flow fan or a small miniature centrifugal fan, and the small miniature axial flow fan or the small miniature centrifugal fan is adopted, so that on one hand, the cost can be effectively reduced, and in addition, the portability of the wind speed generating device used as a teaching aid is also considered. Of course, a wind speed generator such as an electric fan may be used.

Preferably, the smoke generated by the smoke generator is coloured. How the wing tip vortex is developed and interacts with the flowing structure on the wing, and the generation and influence of the wing tip vortex can be clearly and intuitively shown to students under the combined action of colored smoke, moving cotton threads, cotton balls and sheet light emitted by a laser.

Preferably, the rollers at the bottom of the support can enable the laser to move along the longitudinal axis direction of the aircraft model, namely, the laser can reciprocate along the direction from the aircraft nose to the tail, and as the laser emits light sheets and only lightens one plane, the reciprocation of the laser can lighten the whole flow condition around the wing, so that the generation and development of wingtip vortex and the interaction of flow structures in a downstream flow field are presented to students in a three-dimensional form, and knowledge and theory related to the wingtip vortex are further and deeply mastered.

According to the device for simulating the wingtip vortex, through flow display, cotton ball and cotton line movement and combination of force balance data, the generation principle of the wingtip vortex is clearly and intuitively shown to students, and through continuously adjusting the attack angle of an airplane model, the incoming flow speed is demonstrated, the gradual enhancement of the wingtip vortex and the change process of the influence on the lift force are demonstrated, so that the students can deeply understand the generation of the wingtip vortex, and the device has a good boosting effect on the follow-up actual flight, and the teaching effect is improved by combining theory and practice. The device can well simulate and demonstrate wingtip vortex, has the characteristics of convenient observation, good demonstration effect, low cost, simple operation, good portability and the like, and can well meet teaching requirements.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus composition for simulating wingtip vortices.

Description of the embodiments

The following describes specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings.

Examples

An apparatus for simulating wingtip vortex, as shown in fig. 1, specifically comprises: the aircraft model 1, cotton ball 2, cotton thread 3, dynamometry balance 4, supporting mechanism 5, wind speed generating device 6, smoke generator 7, laser instrument 8, support 9, paste cotton thread 3 on the aircraft model 1, cotton thread 3 links to each other with cotton ball 2, and aircraft model 1 is fixed on dynamometry balance 4, and dynamometry balance 4 is connected with supporting mechanism 5, wind speed generating device 6 arranges aircraft model 1 the place ahead, and smoke generator 7 arranges in wind speed generating device 6 exit, laser instrument 8 is arranged aircraft model 1 upper portion and is connected with support 9. The wind speed generator 6 adopts a small centrifugal fan.

During demonstration, the supporting mechanism 5 (the supporting mechanism comprises a vertical rod and an inclined supporting rod, and the inclined supporting rod is fastened with the vertical rod through screws), so that the aircraft model 1 has a certain attack angle only by a mechanism capable of adjusting the pitching angle in the prior art, the demonstration takes a 6-degree attack angle, and the wind speed generating device 6 has fixed rotating speed, namely a certain incoming flow speed or a certain flying speed. The wind speed generation device 6 is placed in the front of the aircraft model 1, the outlet axis of the wind speed generation device 6 is collinear with the longitudinal axis of the aircraft model 1, the sheet light emitted by the laser 8 is placed at the front edge position of the wing by adjusting the support, smoke is released in the front of the aircraft model 1, the laser 8 is slowly moved towards the tail of the wing while the state of a colored smoke flow field is observed, in addition, force balance data are recorded, the flow field display and the movement of the cotton thread 3 and the cotton ball 2 are combined to explain the generation of wing tip vortex in detail, and the understanding of a student on knowledge is deepened.

Examples

The structure of the device for simulating wingtip vortex in this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, and the main difference is that: (1) The rotating speed of the wind speed generating device 6 is continuously adjusted in the whole demonstration process; (2) The wind speed generating device 6 adopts a miniature axial flow fan, so that the size of the fan can be further reduced, and the maximum wind speed of the fan can be improved.

In the implementation process, the supporting mechanism 5 is adjusted to enable the attack angle of the aircraft model to be 6 degrees, the outlet center line of the wind speed generating device is collinear with the longitudinal axis of the aircraft model, the outlet wind speed is continuously adjusted, in the demonstration process, the laser is slowly moved towards the tail of the wing, the flowing state, the condition that cotton thread and cotton ball move along with the flow speed change are observed, and the change of force balance data is attended to, so that students can better grasp the development and evolution of wingtip vortex under the influence of the flow speed.

Examples

The structure of the device for simulating wingtip vortex in this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 2, and the main difference is that the attack angle of the aircraft model is continuously changed in the demonstration process.

When the method is implemented, the center line of the outlet of the wind speed generating device 6 is collinear with the longitudinal axis of the aircraft model 1, the outlet wind speed is continuously adjusted while the attack angle of the aircraft model 1 is adjusted, the laser 8 is slowly moved from the front edge of the wing to the tail edge of the wing, the flow state of the flow field, the movement condition of cotton threads and cotton balls are observed, and the change of force balance data is attended to, because the attack angle and the incoming flow speed of the aircraft model are continuously changed at the moment, the generation and evolution of wingtip vortex, especially the process of continuously interacting with related flow structures after the generation, a series of phenomena such as aerodynamic force and aerodynamic moment change and the like can be demonstrated, so that students can better understand the important influence of the attack angle on the wingtip vortex, and lay a foundation for subsequent flight.

Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the present utility model, and although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. An apparatus for simulating wingtip vortices, comprising: aircraft model (1), cotton ball (2), cotton thread (3), force balance (4), supporting mechanism (5), wind speed generating device (6), smoke generator (7), laser instrument (8), support (9), paste cotton thread (3) on aircraft model (1), cotton thread (3) link to each other with cotton ball (2), aircraft model (1) are fixed on force balance (4), force balance (4) bottom is connected with supporting mechanism (5) that can realize pitch angle regulation, wind speed generating device (6) are arranged in aircraft model (1) the place ahead, smoke generator (7) are put in wind speed generating device (6) exit, laser instrument (8) are arranged in aircraft model (1) upper portion and are connected with support (9).

2. A device for simulating wingtip vortices as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the fuselage of the aircraft model (1) is hollow.

3. A device for simulating wingtip vortices according to claim 1, characterized in that the cotton thread (3) is glued to the wingtip of the aircraft model (1).

4. A device for simulating wingtip vortices as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the force balance (4) is a force balance capable of measuring forces and moments.

5. A device for simulating wingtip vortices as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the supporting means (5) comprise a vertical rod and a diagonal strut fastened to the vertical rod by means of screws.

6. A device for simulating wingtip vortices as claimed in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the wind speed generator (6) is a speed-adjustable wind speed generator.

7. A device for simulating wingtip vortices according to claim 1, characterised in that the smoke generator (7) is a coloured smoke generator.

8. A device for simulating wingtip vortices according to claim 1 or 7, characterised in that the support (9) is provided with rollers at its bottom, which push the support (9) to move the laser (8) in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the aircraft model (1).