CN219608916U - Clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of expansion rate measurement, and particularly relates to a clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device. The testing device comprises a clay mineral bearing unit, a sensor testing unit and a data acquisition unit, wherein the clay mineral bearing unit comprises a swelling inhibition solution storage container and a clay mineral bearing die arranged in the swelling inhibition solution storage container, the clay mineral bearing die is used for placing compressed clay minerals, and a plurality of small holes are formed in the side wall of the clay mineral bearing die and used for allowing swelling inhibition solution to penetrate into the compressed clay minerals, so that the clay minerals are hydrated and expanded. The compacted clay mineral is placed in a bearing die manufactured in a standardized mode, so that experimental errors caused by an experimental device can be overcome, and the accuracy of experimental results is ensured. The data acquisition realizes full-automatic acquisition, and reduces errors of manual reading; meanwhile, the possibility of multi-channel experiments is realized, multiple groups of different independent variable experiments can be simultaneously carried out in one operation, and the detection efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of expansion rate measurement, and particularly relates to a clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device.
Background
The ionic rare earth ore is a novel exogenous rare earth ore which is first discovered in Jiangxi of China in 1969. The ore is known to contain a large amount of medium and heavy rare earths. In this mineral species, rare earth is adsorbed on clay minerals in the form of hydrated cations or hydroxyl hydrated cations. Because of this particular adsorption state of rare earth ions, it is determined that the extraction of rare earth ions from rare earth ions in the form of in-situ leaching-ion exchange is industrially employed. In the in-situ leaching process of the ionic rare earth ore, when clay minerals are contacted with water phase substances, negative charges and exchangeable ions on the surfaces of the clay minerals are hydrated. This hydration results in the formation of a directional water film on the clay mineral surface. The water in the directional water film has a larger viscosity and density than ordinary water molecules, which greatly affect the dynamic properties of clay minerals. The effect on this is mainly two-way: firstly, the hydration and expansion of clay; secondly, under the influence of a directional water film, clay particles can be dispersed and moved or a precipitation phenomenon appears to block pore throats, so that the permeability of clay is greatly influenced. The hydration expansion of clay refers to the phenomenon that clay minerals absorb water molecules under the influence of a water film and then expand to a certain extent. Swelling of clay minerals after contact with aqueous solutions can be divided into two stages, surface hydration and osmotic hydration.
1. Surface hydration is the initial stage of clay mineral expansion. After clay mineral contacts with water, under the interaction of hydrogen bond and negative charge on the surface of clay mineral and exchangeable cation, water molecules enter into the crystal layer of clay mineral, continuously adsorb water molecules, push away particles on the surface of clay mineral, and continuously generate hydration. This force pushing apart the surface strata of the mineral is referred to as the inter-strata repulsive force. In the beginning stage, the adsorption force generated by the water film is the main driving force in the stage.
2. Osmotic hydration refers to the further pushing apart of particles or crystalline layers on the clay mineral surface under the repulsion of the electric double layer. This stage often results in expansion of larger volume changes. For osmotic hydration, the main driving force is derived from osmotic pressure, and when leaching solution enters a mineral body, water molecules are adsorbed to the surface of the mineral body from the leaching solution due to the influence of concentration difference because the ion concentration of the surface of the clay mineral is higher than that of the injection solution, so that a directional water film on the surface of the clay mineral is formed. The formation of the directional water film increases the repulsive force of the double-electron layer. The repulsive force pushes away the particles on the clay surface continuously, so that more water molecules are adsorbed, a new directional water film is formed, the volume of clay minerals is increased continuously, and the expansion is further increased.
The swelling of the clay causes a change in the consistency of the soil, thereby reducing the strength of the soil. And the friction force between the soil bodies is reduced by the action of the directional water film, so that the probability of generating relative motion between the soil bodies is greatly increased. In addition, the expansion of the soil body has a great influence on the growth of vegetation on the mountain. The plants have the functions of wind prevention and sand fixation, and the risk of landslide, which is a natural disaster, is greatly increased due to the fact that vegetation is not protected and soil body of the plants swells. Therefore, when the leaching agent is used for leaching rare earth in situ, proper addition and screening of a proper swelling inhibitor into the leaching agent are necessary, so that the expansion of leached ore bodies is reduced and landslide is avoided while high leaching of the rare earth is ensured as much as possible. It is therefore highly necessary to select an accurate and appropriate device for measuring the hydration expansion rate of ore bodies when screening an appropriate expansion inhibitor.
The hydration swelling of clay can be quantitatively described by measuring its swelling rate. The most widely used free dilatometer device at present mainly comprises a bracket, a soil measuring cup and a funnel, and is used for measuring the expansion characteristics of loose and unstructured accumulation of clay particles. For the traditional free expansion device, the data collection is derived from the reading of the dial indicator, so that the measurement accuracy is low, and the clay expansion can not be accurately captured. Meanwhile, the traditional dilatometer can only perform an experiment of one independent variable parameter, and the experiment cannot be performed efficiently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device, which solves the technical problems of low measurement precision, low efficiency and the like of the clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device, which comprises a clay mineral bearing unit, a sensor testing unit and a data acquisition unit, wherein:
the clay mineral bearing unit comprises a swelling inhibition solution storage container and a clay mineral bearing die arranged in the swelling inhibition solution storage container, wherein the clay mineral bearing die is an open container, the inside of the clay mineral bearing die is used for placing compressed clay minerals, a plurality of small holes are formed in the side wall of the clay mineral bearing die, and the small holes are used for allowing swelling inhibition solution stored in the swelling inhibition solution storage container to pass through and permeate into the clay minerals compressed in the clay mineral bearing die so as to enable the clay minerals to hydrate and expand;
the sensor testing unit comprises a laser ranging sensor and a clamp for fixing the laser ranging sensor, the laser ranging sensor is positioned right above the clay mineral bearing die, and when in use, a laser beam of the laser ranging sensor is aligned to the upper surface of the compacted clay mineral;
the data acquisition unit comprises a data acquisition module, a power supply module and a computer, wherein the signal output end of the laser ranging sensor is connected with the signal input end of the data acquisition module, the signal output end of the data acquisition module is connected with the signal input end of the computer, and the power supply module is used for providing power for the data acquisition module and the computer.
Preferably, a plurality of small holes are uniformly distributed around the side wall of the clay mineral bearing die, and the diameters of the small holes are 1-5mm.
Preferably, the testing device further comprises a pressing block matched with the clay mineral bearing die; the pressing block comprises two end faces which are oppositely arranged and parallel to each other; further preferably, the outer contour of the compact is identical to the inner contour of the clay mineral bearing mould.
Preferably, the testing device further comprises a hydraulic press, wherein the hydraulic press is used for pressing the clay mineral in the clay mineral bearing die through the pressing block so as to press the clay mineral.
Preferably, the laser ranging sensor is a switch laser ranging sensor with the precision of 0.01 mm.
Preferably, the clamp comprises a horizontal base, a vertical strut and a horizontal boom; the laser ranging sensor is arranged on the horizontal suspender, one end of the vertical supporting rod is connected with the horizontal base, the other end of the vertical supporting rod is connected with the horizontal suspender, and the position of the horizontal suspender on the vertical supporting rod is adjustable up and down; when the laser ranging sensor is used, the clay mineral bearing unit is arranged on the horizontal base, and the clay mineral bearing unit is positioned right below the laser ranging sensor.
Further preferably, one end of the horizontal boom far away from the vertical strut is fixedly provided with the laser ranging sensor through a detachable locking component.
Preferably, the data acquisition module is a multi-channel data acquisition module.
Preferably, the power supply module comprises a precision-cleaning alternating-current regulated power supply.
Preferably, the distance between the upper surface of the compacted clay mineral placed inside the clay mineral bearing die and the top of the clay mineral bearing die is 5-30mm; the distance between the laser ranging sensor and the upper surface of the compressed clay mineral placed in the clay mineral bearing die is 5-70mm.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present utility model have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
(1) The utility model provides a clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device which comprises a clay mineral bearing unit, a sensor testing unit and a data acquisition unit, wherein the clay mineral bearing unit comprises a swelling inhibition solution storage container and a clay mineral bearing die arranged in the swelling inhibition solution storage container, the clay mineral bearing die is an open container, the inside of the clay mineral bearing die is used for placing compacted clay minerals, and a plurality of small holes are formed in the side wall of the clay mineral bearing die and used for allowing swelling inhibition solution to pass through and permeate into the compacted clay minerals so as to enable the clay minerals to generate hydration expansion. The compacted clay mineral is placed in a bearing die manufactured in a standardized mode, so that experimental errors caused by insufficient precision of an experimental device can be overcome, and accuracy of experimental results is ensured.
(2) According to the clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device, a laser ranging sensor is adopted, in a preferred embodiment, a switch laser ranging sensor with the precision of 0.01mm is adopted, and expansion rate testing data are obtained by precisely testing the height change of the surface in the clay mineral hydration expansion process. The device can monitor in real time in the measuring process, fully automatic computer data acquisition can greatly improve the accuracy of data by an electronic reading instrument. Meanwhile, any fine expansion of clay can be recorded and stored timely and accurately, and the problems of simplification of a measuring instrument and a measuring method of a traditional measuring device are solved.
(3) The data acquisition of the testing device realizes full-automatic acquisition, and reduces errors of manual reading; meanwhile, the combination of a plurality of clay mineral bearing units and a sensor testing unit can be arranged, the expansion rate of a plurality of clay mineral samples can be detected simultaneously, the possibility of multi-channel experiments is realized, multiple groups of different independent variable experiments can be simultaneously carried out by one-time operation, and the detection efficiency is high.
(4) The clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device provided by the utility model has reasonable and practical structure, the designed clay mineral bearing die is easy to clean, and the problem that samples are scattered after tabletting in traditional instruments and equipment and cannot be tested is solved.
(5) The clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device can be suitable for the simulation research of hydration expansion rate testing experiments of various clay mineral hydration extraction, and particularly for the in-situ leaching extraction of the ionic rare earth ore, the device can simulate the expansion process of the ionic rare earth ore in-situ leaching with high precision, and test and investigation results of different swelling inhibitor types or other in-situ leaching experimental parameters are tested, so that the device has good guidance and reference significance for the in-situ leaching extraction of the ionic rare earth ore.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a clay mineral hydration swelling test apparatus according to the present utility model.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a clay mineral carrying unit and a sensor testing unit in the clay mineral hydration swelling testing device of the utility model.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the construction of a clay mineral carrying unit and a sensor testing unit in the clay mineral hydration swelling test apparatus according to the present utility model.
The same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like elements or structures, wherein:
1-a swelling-suppressing solution storage container; 2-clay mineral bearing die; 3-small holes; 4-a laser ranging sensor; 5-clamping; 51-a horizontal base; 52-vertical struts; 53-horizontal boom; 6, a data acquisition module; 7-a power module; 8-computer.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
The utility model relates to the technical field of expansion rate measurement when clay minerals are hydrated and expanded in a real and simulated actual ore stacking environment. In particular to an expansion rate measuring device for the directional hydration expansion of ionic rare earth ores. The utility model provides a clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises a clay mineral bearing unit, a sensor testing unit and a data acquisition unit, wherein:
the clay mineral bearing unit comprises a swelling inhibition solution storage container 1 and a clay mineral bearing die 2 arranged in the swelling inhibition solution storage container 1, wherein the clay mineral bearing die 2 is an open container, compressed clay minerals are arranged in the clay mineral bearing die, a plurality of small holes 3 are formed in the side wall of the clay mineral bearing die, and the swelling inhibition solution can penetrate through the compressed clay minerals to expand the clay minerals through hydration.
The sensor test unit comprises a laser ranging sensor 4 and a clamp 5 for fixing the laser ranging sensor 4, wherein the laser ranging sensor 4 is positioned right above the clay mineral bearing die 2, and when in use, a laser beam of the laser ranging sensor 4 is aligned to the upper surface of the compacted clay mineral.
The data acquisition unit comprises a data acquisition module 6, a power supply module 7 and a computer 8, wherein the laser ranging sensor 4 is electrically connected with the data acquisition module 6, the power supply module 7 and the computer 8, the signal output end of the laser ranging sensor 4 is connected with the signal input end of the data acquisition module 6, the output end of the data acquisition module 6 is connected with the input end of the computer 8, and the power supply module 7 is used for providing power for the data acquisition module 6 and the computer 8.
The testing device can accurately and timely measure the expansion rate of the ionic rare earth mineralized expansion. On the basis of the defects of lower accuracy and too low measurement efficiency of clay expansion rate measured by the traditional measuring instrument, the utility model is well improved, realizes full-automatic computer acquisition for data acquisition, and reduces the error of manual reading; meanwhile, by adopting multiple channels for experiments, multiple groups of experiments with different independent variables can be performed simultaneously, the efficiency of the expansion rate measurement experiment is greatly improved, the efficient and accurate experimental purpose is truly achieved, the expansion behavior of clay minerals can be effectively evaluated, and disasters such as landslide and the like in the in-situ leaching exploitation process can be effectively prevented.
Before the device is adopted to test the hydration expansion rate of clay minerals, the clay minerals are required to be compacted firstly so as to simulate the hardness and strength of an actual ore body. For example, when testing the influence of different swelling inhibitors on the hydration expansion rate of the ionic rare earth ore, firstly, compressing clay mineral contained in the clay mineral bearing mold by adopting a hydraulic press, and when compressing the clay mineral by adopting the hydraulic press, in some embodiments, placing a pressing block matched with the clay mineral bearing mold above the clay mineral in the mold, wherein the pressing block comprises two opposite end surfaces which are arranged in parallel, and the outer contour of the pressing block is the same as the inner contour of the clay mineral bearing mold. The hydraulic press applies pressure to clay minerals placed in the die downwards through the upper end face of the pressing block, so that the clay minerals are pressed tightly. In some embodiments, the clay mineral bearing die is an open cylinder with a bottom, the corresponding pressing block arranged in a matching manner is also a cylinder, and the outer diameter of the pressing block cylinder is the same as the inner diameter of the clay mineral bearing die cylinder. In the test process, a swelling inhibition solution containing a swelling inhibitor permeates into the clay mineral 3 compressed in the clay mineral bearing die 2 through the small holes 3 arranged on the side surface of the clay mineral bearing die, and the expansion rate of the swelling inhibitor is tested by measuring the height change of a certain point on the surface of the clay mineral in the expansion process through laser ranging. In some embodiments, a plurality of small holes 3 are uniformly arranged around the side wall of the clay mineral bearing mold 2, for example, 3 small holes are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls, and the diameters of the small holes are 1-5mm, preferably 2-3mm. The swelling inhibitor-containing swelling inhibitor solution contained in the swelling inhibitor solution storage container 1 enters the clay mineral bearing die 2 through the small holes 3 and further enters the compacted clay mineral, and the clay mineral and water undergo hydration swelling.
To achieve high precision ranging, in some embodiments, the laser ranging sensor 4 is a precision 0.01mm switching laser ranging sensor.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the jig 5 for fixing the laser ranging sensor 4 includes a horizontal base 51, a vertical pole 52, and a horizontal boom 53; the laser ranging sensor 4 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal suspender 53, one end of the vertical supporting rod 52 is connected with the horizontal base 51, the other end of the vertical supporting rod 52 is connected with the horizontal suspender 53, and the position of the horizontal suspender (53) on the vertical supporting rod (52) is adjustable up and down; in use, the clay mineral bearing unit is placed on the horizontal base 51 and is located directly below the laser ranging sensor 4.
In some embodiments, the end of the horizontal boom 53 remote from the vertical strut 52 is fixedly provided with the laser ranging sensor 4 by an adjustable locking member. The vertical strut 52 is also connected to the horizontal boom 53 by an adjustable locking member. The adjustable locking member may be any locking device that can be adjusted in tightness, such as an adjustable bolt or the like.
In order to realize simultaneous testing of expansion rates of expansion inhibitors corresponding to various expansion inhibitors, the testing device adopts the same group of data acquisition units, one or more groups of clay mineral bearing units and sensor testing units can be matched at the same time, and when the clay mineral bearing units and the sensor testing units are matched, the data acquisition module 6 adopts a multi-channel data acquisition module, so that multiple groups of data acquired by the sensor testing units can be acquired at the same time.
The clay mineral hydration expansion rate is tested by the testing device of the utility model, and the test time is generally not shorter than 60 hours, and in some embodiments, the power module 7 comprises a precise purifying alternating current stabilized power supply so as to ensure voltage stability.
In some embodiments, in order to avoid experimental errors caused by multiple refraction of laser light in the clay mineral bearing mold, a distance between an upper surface of the compacted clay mineral placed inside the clay mineral bearing mold 2 and a top of the clay mineral bearing mold 2 is 5-30mm; the distance between the laser ranging sensor 4 and the upper surface of the compacted clay mineral placed inside the clay mineral bearing die 2 is 5-70mm.
In one embodiment, clay minerals with ionic rare earth ores are tested for directional hydration expansion rate, a swelling inhibition solution storage container 1 in a clay mineral bearing unit is a beaker, and a clay mineral bearing die 2 arranged in the swelling inhibition solution storage container 1 is an open cylinder with a bottom and is formed by welding a cylinder and a base. A cylinder pressing block is arranged in a matched mode with the clay mineral bearing die 2, the outer diameter of the cylinder pressing block is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder of the clay mineral bearing die 2, and the cylinder pressing block is used for applying pressure to clay mineral powder arranged in the clay mineral bearing die through the pressing block by a hydraulic press so as to press the clay mineral powder. The opposite side walls of the clay mineral bearing die 2 are respectively provided with 3 small holes with opening size of 3mm, and the swelling inhibition solution is arranged at the position where the small holes are arranged.
During operation, clay mineral to be measured with certain mass is firstly put into the clay mineral bearing mould 2, the pressing block is placed on the surface of the clay mineral to be measured, and then the clay mineral bearing mould 2 and the pressing block are integrally put into the hydraulic machine, so that the hydraulic machine just abuts against the upper surface of the pressing block. The pressure parameter of the hydraulic press is regulated to 1MPa, so that the clay mineral is integrally compressed for ten minutes under the pressure of 1 MPa. And taking out the clay carrier die and the whole pressing block after ten minutes, and extracting the pressing block. At this time, the distance between the upper surface of the clay mineral pressed inside the clay mineral bearing die 2 and the top of the clay mineral bearing die 2 is 20mm; the distance between the laser ranging sensor 4 and the upper surface of the clay mineral after being pressed inside the clay mineral bearing mold 2 is 50mm.
The testing device can adopt a conventional power supply, a laser ranging sensor and a data acquisition module in the prior art. The power module 7 used in the present embodiment is a precision-purified ac regulated power supply (model jjjw 3 -1000 VA) which delivers power to the whole plant. The laser ranging sensor 4 is a switch laser ranging sensor (model BL-100 NMZ) with the precision of 0.01mm, the data acquisition module 6 adopts an IEEE-488 bus type, and the data acquisition module is a 100-channel type, so that 100 samples can be acquired simultaneously. When the device works, the precise purification exchange is startedAnd (3) a current stabilized voltage power supply, a data acquisition module 6, a precision 0.01mm switch laser ranging sensor and a computer operation end are turned on, the compressed clay mineral and an external clay mineral bearing die 2 are placed in a swelling inhibition solution storage container 1, the swelling inhibition solution storage container 1 is a beaker, swelling inhibition solution for hydrating and expanding the clay mineral is contained in the beaker, and the beaker containing the swelling inhibition solution and a cylinder bearing die containing the compressed clay mineral are integrally placed below the precision 0.01mm switch laser ranging sensor. Fixing the precision 0.01mm switching laser ranging sensor by using a clamp 5, wherein the clamp 5 comprises a horizontal base 51, a vertical supporting rod 52 and a horizontal suspender 53; one end of the horizontal suspender 53, which is far away from the vertical supporting rod, is fixedly provided with the switch laser ranging sensor with the precision of 0.01mm through an adjustable bolt, one end of the vertical supporting rod 52 is fixedly connected with the horizontal base 51 through a bolt, and the other end of the vertical supporting rod 52 is fixedly connected with the horizontal suspender 53 through an adjustable bolt, so that the height of the switch laser ranging sensor with the precision of 0.01mm on the vertical supporting rod can be regulated and controlled according to the requirement. The clay height signal is measured by a laser ranging sensor with the precision of 0.01mm, the clay height signal is transmitted to a data acquisition unit to be converted into a displacement data signal, the displacement data signal is transmitted to a computer, the clay height value is used as a clay column height value of specific time on the computer, and the expansion rate under the condition is obtained through calculation.
When the device is used, the clay mineral bearing unit is integrally arranged on the horizontal base 51, and the clay mineral bearing unit is integrally positioned right below the switch laser ranging sensor with the accuracy of 0.01mm, so that laser of the clay mineral bearing unit is aligned to the right center point of the upper surface of the compacted clay mineral. The swelling-suppressing solution in the beaker permeates into the clay mineral bearing die 2 through small holes at the side of the clay mineral bearing die, and the compacted clay mineral slowly begins to swell along with the permeation, so that the distance indication of laser ranging is smaller and smaller. And immediately opening an expansion coefficient measuring program on a computer after aligning the laser, and starting to acquire the distance between the laser ranging probe and the upper surface of the clay mineral in real time. The program was programmed to read the reading once for 1 second and recorded on a computer. And judging whether the expansion of the computer display reaches balance or not by observing the curve trend of the distance change along with time on the computer display, and terminating the test when the expansion reaches balance.
The calculation method comprises the following steps: the hydration swelling action of clay can be described in terms of the swelling rate, i.e
Wherein delta is the water absorption expansion rate of clay, and delta H is the rising expansion height of clay minerals after absorbing water, and mm. H 0 The height of the whole ore body is mm after clay mineral is compacted for ten minutes under the pressure of 1 MPa.
The utility model well solves the problems of low measurement efficiency and low measurement precision of the traditional free expansion rate measurement experiment. The problem of low measurement efficiency of the traditional process can be effectively solved by adopting a plurality of laser ranging sensors for simultaneous measurement, meanwhile, the problems that the measurement accuracy is insufficient, and the micro expansion height change is difficult to capture in time due to the fact that the high-accuracy laser ranging sensors and a computer are fully automatically used for collecting and recording data are avoided, and the limitations of the traditional free expansion rate test instrument level and the measurement method are overcome.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model are intended to be included within the scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The clay mineral hydration expansion rate testing device is characterized by comprising a clay mineral bearing unit, a sensor testing unit and a data acquisition unit, wherein:
the clay mineral bearing unit comprises a swelling inhibition solution storage container (1) and a clay mineral bearing die (2) arranged in the swelling inhibition solution storage container (1), wherein the clay mineral bearing die (2) is an open container, the inside of the clay mineral bearing die is used for placing compressed clay minerals, a plurality of small holes (3) are formed in the side wall of the clay mineral bearing die (2), and the small holes (3) are used for allowing swelling inhibition solution stored in the swelling inhibition solution storage container (1) to penetrate through and enter the clay minerals compressed in the clay mineral bearing die (2) so as to enable the clay minerals to be hydrated and expanded;
the sensor testing unit comprises a laser ranging sensor (4) and a clamp (5) for fixing the laser ranging sensor (4), the laser ranging sensor (4) is positioned right above the clay mineral bearing die (2), and when in use, a laser beam of the laser ranging sensor (4) is aligned to the upper surface of the compacted clay mineral;
the data acquisition unit comprises a data acquisition module (6), a power supply module (7) and a computer (8), wherein the signal output end of the laser ranging sensor (4) is connected with the signal input end of the data acquisition module (6), the signal output end of the data acquisition module (6) is connected with the signal input end of the computer (8), and the power supply module (7) is used for providing power for the data acquisition module (6) and the computer (8).
2. The testing device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of small holes (3) are uniformly distributed around the side wall of the clay mineral bearing die (2), and the diameter of the small holes is 1-5mm.
3. The test device according to claim 1, further comprising a compact matching the clay mineral bearing mould (2); the pressing block comprises two end faces which are oppositely arranged and parallel to each other.
4. A testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the testing device further comprises a hydraulic press for pressing the clay mineral inside the clay mineral bearing mould (2) by means of the press block.
5. The test device according to claim 1, wherein the laser ranging sensor (4) is a precision 0.01mm switching laser ranging sensor.
6. The test device according to claim 1, wherein the clamp (5) comprises a horizontal base (51), a vertical strut (52) and a horizontal boom (53); the laser ranging sensor (4) is arranged on the horizontal suspender (53), one end of the vertical supporting rod (52) is connected with the horizontal base (51), the other end of the vertical supporting rod is connected with the horizontal suspender (53), and the position of the horizontal suspender (53) on the vertical supporting rod (52) is adjustable up and down; when in use, the clay mineral bearing unit is arranged on the horizontal base (51), and the clay mineral bearing unit is positioned right below the laser ranging sensor (4).
7. A testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the end of the horizontal boom (53) remote from the vertical strut (52) is fixedly provided with the laser distance measuring sensor (4) by means of a detachable locking member.
8. Testing device according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module (6) is a multi-channel data acquisition module.
9. The test device according to claim 1, wherein the power supply module (7) comprises a precision-cleaning ac regulated power supply.
10. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the upper surface of the compacted clay mineral placed inside the clay mineral bearing mould (2) and the top of the clay mineral bearing mould (2) is 5-30mm; the distance between the laser ranging sensor (4) and the upper surface of the compacted clay mineral placed in the clay mineral bearing die (2) is 5-70mm.
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