CN219603617U - Hydrogen rapid electric heating device and pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction system - Google Patents
Hydrogen rapid electric heating device and pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction system Download PDFInfo
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- CN219603617U CN219603617U CN202320222513.1U CN202320222513U CN219603617U CN 219603617 U CN219603617 U CN 219603617U CN 202320222513 U CN202320222513 U CN 202320222513U CN 219603617 U CN219603617 U CN 219603617U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a rapid electric heating device for hydrogen and a pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction system, which belong to the technical field of metallurgy and are used for solving the problem that in the prior art, hydrogen cannot be heated to 1050 ℃ by metal tube heat exchange. The hydrogen is directly and rapidly heated to 1050 ℃ through electric heating, the heating efficiency is high, and the hydrogen leakage and the electrode heating are effectively prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a hydrogen rapid electric heating device and a pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction system.
Background
The iron and steel industry in China mainly uses the long process of a blast furnace, uses carbon as a reducing agent and energy as a main material, and the final product of carbon metallurgy is CO 2 CO of iron and steel industry 2 The emission occupies the national CO 2 About 14-15% of total discharge amount, and smelting iron CO by blast furnace 2 The emission was 73.1%, while the reducing agent for hydrogen metallurgy was H 2 The final product is H 2 O, really accomplish CO 2 Zero emissions, so converting carbon metallurgy to hydrogen metallurgy is the best choice for the iron and steel industry to develop low carbon economy.
As an ideal green metallurgical model, hydrogen metallurgy has the following advantages: (1) the reaction rate is fast: h 2 As reducing gas, the catalyst has the advantages of high mass transfer rate, good anti-caking property, large rate constant and green reduction product. Under the high temperature condition, H 2 Is higher than CO and has a reaction equilibrium concentration lower than CO, and H in a reducing atmosphere at the same temperature 2 The higher the content, the greater the reduction reaction rate. (2) product cleaning: from the thermodynamic point of view, other elements except iron are difficult to be reduced by hydrogen, which lays a foundation for pure steel production, solid reducing agents are not used for hydrogen reduction, the carried P, S and the like are few, and the impurities in the steelmaking process are few. (3) environmental load is small: the product of the hydrogen metallurgy is water,not only can reduce or even avoid CO 2 The method is pollution to the atmosphere, the reduction product is easy to remove, and the energy and water resources can be recycled.
The green hydrogen in China has great potential, the theoretical reserve of the wind energy resources in China is 32.26 hundred million kW, the theoretical reserve of the wind energy resources in China is mainly distributed in three northeast (northeast, northwest and north China), eastern coastal lands, islands and coastal sea areas, the surface wind energy resources which can be developed and utilized are about 10 hundred million kW, wherein the land is 2.5 hundred million kW, the sea is 7.5 hundred million kW, if the wind energy resources are extended to more than 50-60 meters high altitude, the wind energy resources are expected to be extended to 20-25 hundred million kW, and the world is in the first place. In 2021, the new national wind power generation grid-connected installation machine is 4757 kW, and the installed capacity of the national wind power generation is 32848 kW. The installed capacity of the land wind power generation in 2021 is 30209 kilokW, which accounts for 92% of the installed capacity; the installed capacity of the offshore wind power generation is 2639 ten thousand kW, and the installed capacity is 8 percent. According to the state medium and long term development plan, the capacity of the wind power total assembly machine exceeds 10 hundred million kW by the end of 2050 years. The wind power generation capacity of China in 2021 is 6526 hundred million kWh.
The solar power generation resources in China are rich, the potential of resource development is huge, and the solar radiation accepted by the whole land area is about 1.7 trillion tons of standard coal per year. According to the solar irradiation intensity, all areas in China are resource available areas, and the overall distribution is that the plateau is larger than plain, and the western area is larger than eastern area. Solar power technology can be developed with potential including centralized and distributed, calculated as only 20% of gobi area (57 ten thousand square kilometers), photovoltaic power technology can be developed with potential exceeding 50 hundred million kW. According to the measurement and calculation of 2025, the potential of the distributed photovoltaic technology in China can be 14.9 hundred million kW, 5488 ten thousand kW of the photovoltaic new installation in China in 2021, the accumulated installation quantity reaches 30598.7 ten thousand kW, and 2021, the national photovoltaic power generation quantity 3259 hundred million kWh. At present, the power grid can only accommodate about 15% of unstable power supply, and the power generated by wind energy and solar energy cannot be completely born. The solar energy, wind energy and other renewable energy sources are used for preparing green hydrogen by electrolyzing water.
Since hydrogen metallurgy is an endothermic reaction, hydrogen is required for the reduction and a large amount of hydrogen circulation for the heat addition is required for the reaction, and the hydrogen is heated to 950 to 1050 ℃. The core of the direct reduction process of the pure hydrogen shaft furnace is to solve the problem of hydrogen heating, and metal tube heat exchange can be adopted at the temperature of less than 830 ℃. While the metal tube heat exchange heats hydrogen from 830 ℃ to 1050 ℃, the problems of long-term high temperature resistance, hydrogen corrosion, welding seams and high-temperature explosion and leakage prevention of the materials are difficult to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present utility model aims to provide a rapid electric heating device for hydrogen and a reduction system for a pure hydrogen shaft furnace, which are used for solving the problem that the existing metal tube type heat exchange can not directly heat hydrogen to 1050 ℃.
In one aspect, the utility model provides a rapid electric heating device for hydrogen, which comprises a heater and a silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulating system, wherein the heater is provided with a plurality of heating tube bundles connected with each other for heating the hydrogen, the hydrogen flows in the heating tube bundles to heat the heating tube bundles, the heating tube bundles are connected with the silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulating system through electrodes, and the silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulating system heats the heating tube bundles by regulating heating power.
Further, the heating tube bundle is a straight tube or an S-shaped tube.
Further, the heating tube bundle is connected with an inlet orifice plate, a middle orifice plate and an outlet orifice plate in sequence, the inlet orifice plate, the middle orifice plate and the outlet orifice plate are all connected with a positioning pull rod, and the inlet orifice plate is connected with a heater shell through a supporting plate.
Furthermore, the inlet orifice plate, the middle orifice plate and the outlet orifice plate are all welded and positioned with the heating tube bundle through the positioning sleeve.
Further, the electrode include the same A phase electrode, B phase electrode, C phase electrode and three N electrode of structure, a plurality of heating tube banks divide into A phase heating tube bank, B phase heating tube bank and C phase heating tube bank triplex, two heating tube banks in the A phase heating tube bank link to each other with A phase electrode and first N electrode respectively, two heating tube banks in the B phase heating tube bank link to each other with B phase electrode and second N electrode respectively, two heating tube banks in the C phase heating tube bank link to each other with C phase electrode and third N electrode respectively.
Further, a plurality of heating tube bundles in the A-phase heating tube bundle, the B-phase heating tube bundle or the C-phase heating tube bundle are connected in series or in parallel-series.
Further, the heating tube bundle is connected with one end of the electrode lead copper rod through the conductive copper bar, a water cooling structure is arranged on the outer side of one end of the electrode lead copper rod, the water cooling structure is connected with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water return port, and the water cooling structure is welded with the heater shell.
Further, an insulating structure is arranged outside the other end of the electrode lead copper rod.
Further, the heating tube bundle is an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy tube or a nickel-chromium alloy tube.
Further, a semicircular pipe spiral cooling water jacket is arranged on the heater shell, and a water jacket water inlet and a water jacket water return port are respectively arranged at two ends of the semicircular pipe spiral cooling water jacket.
In another aspect, the utility model provides a pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction system comprising the hydrogen rapid electric heating device.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) The direct electrifying heating method of the heating tube bundle can rapidly heat hydrogen to 1050 ℃, solves the technical problem that the heat exchange temperature of the traditional metal tube type heat exchanger is generally within 830 ℃ and can not heat hydrogen to 1050 ℃, and overcomes the technical bottleneck of pure hydrogen metallurgy;
(2) The connecting parts of the rapid electric heating hydrogen device are all sealed by the metal sealing piece, so that high-temperature hydrogen leakage can be effectively avoided;
(3) The semicircular-tube spiral cooling water jacket is arranged on the heater shell, so that heat dissipation of the conductive chamber can be ensured, the conductive copper bar and the sealing electrode cannot be overheated, and the service life of the electrode is effectively prolonged;
(4) The utility model adopts three-phase power input, the conductive chamber is internally provided with an A-phase electrode, a B-phase electrode, a C-phase electrode and three N-electrodes, a silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulating system is adopted to regulate heating power, each section of temperature closed-loop control can be realized, and the heated hydrogen temperature reaches 1050 ℃ and is sent to a pure hydrogen shaft furnace to be reduced with iron ore;
(5) The electrode is provided with the water-cooling structure, so that the electrode is effectively prevented from heating, the insulating structure plays an insulating role, and the structures are connected in a sealing way, so that hydrogen leakage is effectively prevented;
(6) The heating tube bundle adopts an S shape, so that the heat exchange length and the heat exchange time of the hydrogen and the heating body are increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
In the utility model, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model. The objectives and other advantages of the utility model may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction process provided by the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen rapid electric heating device according to the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the B-B process of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an electrode structure according to the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a series SCR voltage regulation scheme for a heat-generating tube bundle according to the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a parallel-series thyristor voltage regulation scheme for a heat-generating tube bundle according to the present utility model;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an S-shaped heat-generating tube bundle according to the present utility model;
fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 2 at C.
Reference numerals: 1-hydrogen inlet pipe, 11-hydrogen inlet compensator, 12-inlet pipe metal sealing flange set, 2-inlet cone section, 21-inlet pressure transmitter, 22-inlet thermocouple, 3-heater body, 301-heater body shell, 302-aluminum silicate fiber cotton layer, 303-light heat insulating casting layer, 304-heavy wear resistant casting layer, 305-heat resistant heat insulating ceramic felt, 31-cylinder metal seal, 32-cooling water jacket, 33-water jacket water inlet, 34-water jacket water return port, 4-outlet cone section, 41-outlet pressure transmitter, 42-outlet thermocouple, 5-hydrogen outlet pipe, 51-hydrogen outlet compensator, 52-outlet pipe metal sealing flange set, 6-electrode 601-A phase electrode, 602-B phase electrode, 603-C phase electrode, 604-first N electrode, 605-second N electrode, 606-third N electrode, 610-electrode lead copper rod, 611-electrode inner sleeve, 612-electrode outer sleeve, 613-cooling water inlet, 614-cooling water return, 615-inner insulating ceramic sleeve, 616-insulating seal ring, 617-outer insulating ceramic sleeve, 618-brass gasket, 619-spring gasket, 620-compression brass nut, 621-insulating sheath, 622-electrode steel sheath, 623-rubber gasket, 624-screw, 625-insulating rubber sleeve, 626-cable brass fixing bolt set, 64-conductive copper bar, 7-heat generating tube bundle, 71-inlet orifice plate, 72-intermediate orifice plate, 73-outlet orifice plate, 74-backup pad, 8-heating supporting seat, 9-heating tube bank connecting plate.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the utility model is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the utility model, are used to explain the principles of the utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction process flow chart, which comprises an oxidized pellet or lump ore furnace feeding unit, a pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction unit and a top gas treatment unit which are sequentially connected, wherein the pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction unit is also connected with a green electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit and a hydrogen gas mixing and dust removal unit, the hydrogen gas mixing and dust removal unit is also connected with a hydrogen gas electric heating unit, the hydrogen gas electric heating unit is connected with the pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction unit, and the top gas treatment unit is also connected with a hydrogen gas mixing and dust removal unit.
The pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction unit comprises an oxidized pellet or lump ore feeding unit, a reduction unit, a metal pellet furnace cooling unit, a metal pellet discharging unit and a metal pellet briquetting unit.
The green electricity in the green electricity water electrolysis hydrogen production unit refers to photovoltaic power generation, wind power, biomass energy power generation or other renewable energy power generation, and the hydrogen production system adopts a unit assembly structure and mainly comprises an electrolytic tank, a gas-liquid processor (frame), a water adding pump, a water alkali tank, a control cabinet, a rectifying transformer, a flame arrester and the like. The electrolytic tank is a filter-pressing bipolar series structure, which is the core of the hydrogen production system, and water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen. The lower part is provided with a liquid inlet pipe, and the upper part is provided with a hydrogen and oxygen liquid outlet pipe; the electrolyte is decomposed under the action of direct current in the electrolytic tank, hydrogen and oxygen are separated out from the surface of the electrode, and the hydrogen and the oxygen enter the gas-liquid system through the channels respectively. The hydrogen gas and alkali liquor mixture from the electrolytic tank flow through the hydrogen gas channel together through the air outlet hole on the cathode side of the polar frame, are led into the gas-liquid separator after being collected, are subjected to heat exchange cooling through the internal heat exchanger, are subjected to gas-liquid separation under the action of gravity, and are led into the hydrogen gas washing cooler on the upper part of the gas-liquid separator for further washing and cooling, so that the alkali content and the water content in the gas are reduced to the maximum extent, and are finally discharged through the hydrogen gas film regulating valve after being subjected to gas-water separation through the scrubber and the gas-water separator, and enter the system or are discharged. The oxygen treatment process is substantially the same as described above.
The oxidized pellet or lump ore charging unit comprises oxidized pellet or lump ore charging, oxidized pellet or lump ore cylinder limestone guniting, intermediate buffer bin and charging weighing and vertical belt charging and charging.
The pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction unit comprises an oxidized pellet or lump ore feeding furnace (furnace top hopper, upper furnace feeding sealing valve, middle furnace feeding tank, lower furnace feeding sealing valve, buffer tank and material pipe), a reduction shaft furnace system (comprising a shaft furnace body, horizontal furnace bottom loosening, vertical furnace bottom loosening and spiral furnace bottom discharging), metal pellet furnace cooling (taking hydrogen as a medium cooling tank), metal pellet discharging (cooling tank discharging spiral, upper discharging sealing valve, middle discharging tank, lower discharging sealing valve and discharging belt), metal pellet briquetting (metallized pellet feeding, ball pressing machine and briquetting and storing).
The top gas treatment unit comprises top gas (mainly hydrogen, steam and dust) cyclone dust removal, a top gas heat exchanger, top gas wet dust removal (atomization water spray and venturi spray), a dehydration demister, a hydrogen pressurizing machine and a hydrogen cooling dryer.
The hydrogen mixing and dedusting unit comprises a mixing tank and a hydrogen sealing cloth bag deduster. The cold circulation hydrogen purified by the top gas treatment unit, the high-temperature hydrogen (containing dust) cooled and heat exchanged in the metal pellet furnace of the pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction unit and part of supplementary hydrogen are mixed in a mixing tank, and the temperature is reduced to prevent the cloth bag from being burned.
The hydrogen electric heating unit comprises a hydrogen heater body, a silicon controlled rectifier voltage-regulating power supply system and a pressure measuring and temperature measuring detection instrument.
The environment dust removal unit comprises a dust removal cloth bag, an induced draft fan and a chimney.
The method is mainly characterized in that a hydrogen heating device in a hydrogen electric heating unit is improved.
As shown in fig. 2-8, a specific embodiment of the present utility model discloses a rapid electric heating device for hydrogen, which includes a heater and a scr voltage regulating system, wherein a plurality of connected heating tube bundles 7 for heating hydrogen are arranged in the heater, the hydrogen flows in the heating tube bundles 7 for heating, the heating tube bundles 7 are connected with the scr voltage regulating system through electrodes 6, and the scr voltage regulating system heats the heating tube bundles 7 by regulating heating power. The pure hydrogen high temperature heating method cannot use the conventional gas or air preheater mode for several reasons: (1) Hydrogen exchange under high temperature and high pressure state of traditional tubular heat exchangerThe heat, heat resistance and hydrogen embrittlement problems have extremely high requirements on metal tube materials, and no precedent for heating hydrogen to 1050 ℃ exists at present; (2) The specific heat capacity of the hydrogen is lower than that of other gases, and the increase of the specific heat capacity with the increase of the temperature is small, and the specific heat capacity is 0.305kCal/Nm from 0 ℃ to 1050 DEG C 3 ·℃→0.318kCal/Nm 3 Temperature of the CO reducing gas of 0.310kCal/Nm 3 ·℃→0.339kCal/Nm 3 The heat absorption of hydrogen is small when the temperature is higher. In conclusion, the heating difficulty of hydrogen as reducing gas is far higher than that of CO reducing gas.
Compared with the prior art, the direct electrifying heating method of the heating tube bundle 7 can rapidly heat hydrogen to 1050 ℃, solves the technical problem that the heat exchange temperature of the traditional metal tube type heat exchanger is generally within 830 ℃ and can not heat hydrogen to 1050 ℃, and overcomes the technical bottleneck of pure hydrogen metallurgy.
The heating device directly and electrically heats the hydrogen at normal temperature to 1050 ℃ high-temperature hydrogen, namely, the high-temperature hydrogen at about 750 ℃ after the high-temperature metallized pellets are reduced by a shaft furnace and subjected to cooling heat exchange by hydrogen, the recycled hydrogen purified by a top gas treatment unit and the mixed hydrogen at 260-300 ℃ after being mixed with the supplementary fresh hydrogen are reheated to 1050 ℃, and the normal-temperature fresh hydrogen can be reheated to 1050 ℃ by the hydrogen at 200-300 ℃ after being subjected to heat exchange by a top gas preheater.
Specifically, the heater include hydrogen inlet pipe 1, entry cone section 2, heater body 3, export cone section 4 and hydrogen outlet pipe 5 that connect gradually, heater body 3 be the cylinder structure, and from outside to inside includes heater body shell 301, aluminium silicate fiber cotton layer 302, light heat preservation casting layer 303, heavy antifriction casting layer 304 and heating tube bundle 7 in proper order.
The heater is built by adopting refractory materials and heat-insulating materials, the surface temperature of the shell is lower than 80 ℃, the limiting requirement of shell steel is reduced, the technical problems of hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of materials in a high temperature and high pressure state, high temperature creep of the materials, long-term high temperature resistance of the materials, hydrogen corrosion, welding seams, high temperature explosion prevention, leakage prevention and the like are avoided, and proper refractory materials are selected, wherein the refractory temperature of the refractory materials is far higher than 1050 ℃ for heating hydrogen.
Specifically, the heating tube bundle 7 is a straight tube or an S-shaped tube.
It should be noted that the heat exchange time between the hydrogen and the heat generating tube bundle 7 is increased by adopting the S-shaped structure of the heat generating tube bundle 7, and the effect is better.
Specifically, the hydrogen inlet pipe 1 is provided with a hydrogen inlet compensator 11, and the hydrogen outlet pipe 5 is provided with a hydrogen outlet compensator 51.
It should be noted that, the hydrogen heated in the present utility model may be normal temperature hydrogen, or may be hydrogen with a temperature lower than 400 ℃, so as to avoid the excessive high temperature of the inlet hydrogen, and the hydrogen directly contacts the electrode 6 and the conductive copper bar 64 in the conductive chamber (i.e. the hydrogen is converged into the heating tube bundle 7), thereby causing overheating of the conductive chamber electrode 6 and the conductive copper bar 64 and affecting the service life of the heating body. When the heated hydrogen is the circulating hydrogen purified by the top gas treatment unit and the high-temperature hydrogen which is cooled and exchanged by the hydrogen and is about 750 ℃ after the high-temperature metallized pellets are reduced by the shaft furnace, and the hydrogen is mixed with the supplementary fresh hydrogen, the mixed hydrogen is electrically heated to 1050 ℃ after the temperature of the mixed hydrogen is 260-300 ℃. The hydrogen inlet compensator 11 and the hydrogen outlet compensator 51 function to prevent the heating apparatus from being deformed by internal stress generated by the heating apparatus housing due to the influence of temperature.
It should be noted that, the heating tube bundle 7 is adopted in the utility model as the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy tube or the nickel-chromium alloy GH3030 superalloy tube, the direct electric heating method using the heating tube bundle 7 as the heating body of the utility model rapidly heats hydrogen to 1050 ℃, the heating speed is far faster than that of other modes, compared with the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, the GH3030 superalloy has the melting point of 1420 ℃, the high heat strength (the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has lower high temperature strength and larger brittleness) and high plasticity (the hydrogen pressure in the tube is 0.4-0.6 MPa), the high temperature oxidation resistance and heat radiation performance, and the high temperature resistivity (the GH3030 superalloy 1.1663 multiplied by 10 at 1200 ℃) -6 Omega m, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy 1.508×10 -6 Omega m), the highest service temperature is 1200 ℃ (the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is 1300 ℃, and the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is easy to deform and very brittle at high temperature), and the hydrogen can be directly heated to 1050 ℃ by utilizing the self heating of the tube bundle, so that the hydrogen is avoidedThe tube heat exchanger is free from burning coal gas (the temperature of flame or smoke of the burning coal gas needs to be 1300-1400 ℃ when the temperature of the hydrogen is required to be 1050 ℃), the heat exchange tube is difficult to bear, the efficiency of heat transfer and heating of the hydrogen by the heat exchange tube is low, and due to the problem of the heat exchange tube, the heating temperature of the tube heat exchanger is generally 830 ℃ or less at present, and no precedent for heating the hydrogen to 1050 ℃ exists.
Specifically, the hydrogen inlet pipeline 1 is connected with one end of the inlet cone section through the inlet pipeline metal sealing flange group 12, the other end of the inlet cone section 2 is connected with one end of the heater body 3 through the cylinder metal sealing member 31, one end of the outlet cone section 4 is connected with the other end of the heater body 3 through the cylinder metal sealing member 31, and the other end of the outlet cone section 4 is connected with the hydrogen outlet pipeline 5 through the outlet pipeline metal sealing flange group 52.
In the utility model, the sealing part is sealed by heat-resistant alloy metal, such as heat-resistant alloy octagonal backing ring metal, so that the leakage of high-temperature hydrogen can be effectively avoided.
Specifically, a conductive chamber is arranged at one end of the heater body 3 connected with the inlet cone section 2, the electrode 6 is connected with the conductive chamber, a semicircular tube spiral cooling water jacket 32 is arranged on a heater body shell 301 outside the conductive chamber, and a water jacket water inlet 33 and a water jacket water return port 34 are respectively arranged at two ends of the semicircular tube spiral cooling water jacket 32.
It should be noted that, in the utility model, the end of the heater body 3 connected with the inlet cone section 2 is provided with a conductive chamber, the electrode 6 is connected with the conductive chamber, the outer side of the conductive chamber is provided with the semicircular tube spiral cooling water jacket 32 on the heater body shell 301, and the cooling water is arranged outside the conductive chamber, so that heat dissipation of the conductive chamber can be ensured, the conductive copper bar 64 and the sealing electrode 6 can not be overheated, and the service life of the electrode 6 is effectively prolonged.
Specifically, the heating tube bundle 7 is sequentially connected with an inlet orifice 71, an intermediate orifice 72 and an outlet orifice 73, the inlet orifice 71, the intermediate orifice 72 and the outlet orifice 73 are all connected with positioning pull rods, and the inlet orifice 71 is connected with the heater body shell 301 through a supporting plate 74.
The plurality of heating tube bundles 7 are fixed and supported by the inlet orifice 71, the middle orifice 72, the outlet orifice 73 and the positioning tie rods, so that the plurality of heating tube bundles 7 are integrated to heat the hydrogen.
It should be noted that, because the temperatures of the hydrogen sections in the heater body 3 are different, the temperature of the inlet orifice plate 71 and the middle orifice plate 72 is low, the heat-resistant steel 0Cr25Ni20 is adopted for manufacturing, the temperature of the outlet orifice plate 73 is high, the heat-resistant steel 0Cr25Ni35Nb is adopted for manufacturing, the inlet orifice plate 71, the middle orifice plate 72 and the outlet orifice plate 73 are all provided with the plate holes for the heating tube bundles 7 to pass through, each orifice plate is connected with a heating tube bundle positioning sleeve for positioning, the positioning sleeve is a SiN insulating ceramic sleeve, the SiN insulating ceramic sleeve has the function of insulating the heating tube bundles 7 from the inlet orifice plate 71, the middle orifice plate 72 and the outlet orifice plate 73, and the SiN insulating ceramic sleeve is positioned and fixed by an insulating ceramic positioning ring.
Specifically, the electrode 6 includes an a-phase electrode 601, a B-phase electrode 602, a C-phase electrode 603 and three N-electrodes with the same structure, the multiple heating tube bundles 7 are divided into an a-phase heating tube bundle, a B-phase heating tube bundle and a C-phase heating tube bundle, two heating tube bundles 7 in the a-phase heating tube bundle are respectively connected with the a-phase electrode 601 and the first N-electrode 604, two heating tube bundles 7 in the B-phase heating tube bundle are respectively connected with the B-phase electrode 602 and the second N-electrode 605, two heating tube bundles 7 in the C-phase heating tube bundle are respectively connected with the C-phase electrode 603 and the third N-electrode 606, the multiple heating tube bundles 7 in the a-phase heating tube bundle, the B-phase heating tube bundle or the C-phase heating tube bundle are connected in series or parallel-series, two ends of the heating tube bundles 7 are connected through the heating tube bundle connecting plates 9, and the series connection or parallel-series connection among the multiple heating tube bundles 7 is realized in different connection modes. The series connection mode has smaller current value of the heating tube bundle under the same output power.
It should be noted that, the two ends of the heating tube bundle 7 are all provided with connecting plates, the heating tube bundle 7 can realize series connection or parallel-series connection between the heating tube bundles 7 through different connection on the heating tube bundle connecting plates 9, and the heating power of the electrode 6 is regulated by adopting a silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulating system, so that the closed-loop control of the temperature among the A-phase heating tube bundle, the B-phase heating tube bundle and the C-phase heating tube bundle is realized.
Specifically, the heating tube bundle 7 is connected with one end of the electrode lead copper rod 610 through the conductive copper bar 64, a water cooling structure is arranged on the outer side of one end of the electrode lead copper rod 610, the water cooling structure is connected with a cooling water inlet 613 and a cooling water return port 614, an insulating structure is arranged on the outer side of the other end of the electrode lead copper rod 610, and the water cooling structure is welded with the heater body shell 301.
The electrode 6 is connected with the heating tube bundle 7 by adopting the water-cooling sealing electrode 6, the electrode 6 is fixed by adopting insulating ceramics and sealed by adopting the insulating sealing ring 616, and the water-cooling structure is arranged, so that the insulation is realized, and meanwhile, the hydrogen leakage and the heating of the electrode 6 are effectively prevented.
Specifically, the heating tube bundle 7 is an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy tube or a nichrome tube.
Specifically, an inlet pressure transmitter 21 and an inlet thermocouple 22 are arranged in the inlet cone section 2, and an outlet pressure transmitter 41 and an outlet thermocouple 42 are arranged in the outlet cone section 4. The pressure transmitter is used for measuring the pressure, and the thermocouple is used for measuring the temperature of hydrogen.
The silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulating system is in the prior art, and the output voltage is regulated through the silicon controlled rectifier, so that the output power is changed, the heating temperature is regulated, and the regulation and control of the heating temperature of hydrogen is realized.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2-9, a rapid electric heating device for hydrogen in this embodiment includes a heater and a thyristor voltage regulating system, the heater is provided with a plurality of connected heating tube bundles 7 for heating hydrogen, the hydrogen flows in the heating tube bundles 7 for heating, the heating tube bundles 7 in this embodiment are straight tubes, the heating tube bundles 7 are connected with the electrodes 6, the thyristor voltage regulating system is electrically connected with the electrodes 6, and is used for regulating different heating powers to heat the heating tube bundles 7.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the heater includes a hydrogen inlet pipe 1, an inlet cone section 2, a heater body 3, an outlet cone section 4 and a hydrogen outlet pipe 5 which are sequentially connected, the heater body 3 is in a cylindrical structure, and sequentially includes a heater body shell 301, an aluminum silicate fiber cotton layer 302, a light heat-insulating casting layer 303, a heavy wear-resistant casting layer 304 and a heating tube bundle 7 from outside to inside. The heavy antiwear pouring layer 304 and the light heat insulation pouring layer 303 are formed by pouring, the heavy antiwear pouring layer 304 is mullite, and if the inlet hydrogen is normal temperature or low temperature hydrogen, the refractory material can not be built in the hydrogen inlet pipeline 1 and the inlet cone section 2 because the hydrogen temperature of the hydrogen inlet pipeline is lower; if the inlet hydrogen is preheated or mixed hydrogen with the temperature of 200-400 ℃, the inlet cone section 2 and the end of the heater body 3 connected with the inlet cone section 2 can be built by adopting a heat-resistant heat-insulating ceramic felt 305. The outlet cone section 4 and the hydrogen outlet pipeline 5 are hollow structures, heated hydrogen flows out from the middle, and the outlet cone section 4 and the hydrogen outlet pipeline 5 sequentially comprise a shell, an aluminum silicate fiber cotton layer 302, a light heat-insulating casting layer 303 and a heavy wear-resistant casting layer 304 from outside to inside, so that high-temperature hydrogen heat dissipation loss and damage to the pipeline are prevented. The length of the heating tube bundle 7 is smaller than that of the heater body 3, so that the front end and the rear end of the heater body 3 are provided with a certain empty section, cold hydrogen is uniformly mixed and enters the heating tube bundle 7, heated hydrogen flows out of the heating tube bundle 7 and is uniformly mixed in the empty section, and the heated hydrogen flows out of the hydrogen outlet pipeline 5 after the temperature is consistent.
Illustratively, the heating tube bundle 7 adopts a GH3030 superalloy tube, the hydrogen inlet pipeline 1 is provided with a hydrogen inlet compensator 11, and the hydrogen outlet pipeline 5 is provided with a hydrogen outlet compensator 51. The hydrogen inlet pipeline 1 is connected with one end of the inlet cone section 2 through the inlet pipeline metal sealing flange group 12, the other end of the inlet cone section 2 is connected with one end of the heater body 3 through the cylinder metal sealing member 31, one end of the outlet cone section 4 is connected with the other end of the heater body 3 through the cylinder metal sealing member 31, and the other end of the outlet cone section 4 is connected with the hydrogen outlet pipeline 5 through the outlet pipeline metal sealing flange group 52. An inlet pressure transmitter 21 and an inlet thermocouple 22 are arranged in the inlet cone section 2, and an outlet pressure transmitter 41 and an outlet thermocouple 42 are arranged in the outlet cone section 4.
The electric heating device is characterized in that a conductive chamber is arranged at one end, connected with the inlet cone section 2, of the heater body 3, the electrode 6 is connected with the heating tube bundle 7 in the conductive chamber, a semicircular tube spiral cooling water jacket 32 is arranged on a heater body shell 301 outside the conductive chamber, and a water jacket water inlet 33 and a water jacket water return opening 34 are respectively arranged at two ends of the semicircular tube spiral cooling water jacket 32 so as to ensure heat dissipation of the conductive chamber, namely the cold hydrogen inlet confluence section.
Illustratively, the energizing end of the heating tube bundle 7 is located in the conductive chamber and is connected with the electrode 6, one end of the electrode 6 is disposed outside the heater body 3, the other end of the electrode is disposed inside the heater body 3, one end of the energizing end of the heating tube bundle 7 is connected in series or parallel-series through the heating tube bundle connecting plate 9, the energizing end of the heating tube bundle 7 is connected with the conductive copper bar 64 through the electrode sleeve, and the conductive copper bar 64 is connected with the electrode 6. In this embodiment, the electrode 6 includes an a-phase electrode 601, a B-phase electrode 602, a C-phase electrode 603 and three N-electrodes with the same structure, the multiple heating tube bundles 7 are divided into an a-phase heating tube bundle, a B-phase heating tube bundle and a C-phase heating tube bundle, two heating tube bundles 7 in the a-phase heating tube bundle are respectively connected with the a-phase electrode 601 and the first N-electrode 604, the remaining other heating tube bundles 7 are connected in series through the heating tube bundle connecting plate 9, two heating tube bundles 7 in the B-phase heating tube bundle are respectively connected with the B-phase electrode 602 and the second N-electrode 605, the remaining other heating tube bundles 7 are connected in series through the heating tube bundle connecting plate 9, two heating tube bundles 7 in the C-phase heating tube bundle are respectively connected with the C-phase electrode 603 and the third N-electrode 606, and the remaining other heating tube bundles 7 are connected in series through the heating tube bundle connecting plate 9, as shown in fig. 6.
The heater body 3 in the embodiment is divided into four heating sections of No.1, no.2, no.3 and No.4 through the inlet orifice plate 71, the middle orifice plate 72 and the outlet orifice plate 73, the heater body 3 can be divided into a plurality of heating sections by changing the number of the middle orifice plate 72 according to the requirement, the heating tube bundles 7 are fixed, the heating tube bundles 7 sequentially pass through the heating tube bundles from the hydrogen inlet to the hydrogen outlet, and the positioning sleeve is connected with the inlet orifice plate 71, the middle orifice plate 72 and the outlet orifice plate 73, so that the deformation of the heating tube bundles 7 at high temperature is reduced; the heating tube bundle 7 is isolated and insulated from the inlet orifice plate 71, the middle orifice plate 72 and the outlet orifice plate 73 by insulating ceramic sleeves, and the insulating ceramic sleeves are fixed on the inlet orifice plate 71, the middle orifice plate 72 or the outlet orifice plate 73 by insulating ceramic positioning rings; the positions of the inlet orifice plate 71, the middle orifice plate 72 and the outlet orifice plate 73 are positioned by welding the heating tube bundle positioning sleeve and the heating tube bundle 7, the inlet orifice plate 71, the middle orifice plate 72 and the outlet orifice plate 73 are connected with the positioning pull rod, the heating tube bundle 7 is connected into an integral tube bundle group, the inlet orifice plate 71 is fixedly connected with the heater body shell 301 through bolts and welding of the supporting plate 74, and the heater body shell 301 is provided with a hydrogen heater supporting seat 8 and a mounting frame (not marked in the figure).
As shown in fig. 3, the heat-generating tube bundle 7 is connected with one end of the electrode lead copper rod 610 through the conductive copper bar 64, a water cooling structure is arranged at the outer side of one end of the electrode lead copper rod 610, the water cooling structure is connected with a cooling water inlet 613 and a cooling water return port 614, an insulating structure is arranged at the outer side of the other end of the electrode lead copper rod 610, and the water cooling structure is welded with the heater body shell 301.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, in order to insulate the electrode lead copper rod 610 from the heater body casing 301 to prevent leakage, an inner insulating ceramic sleeve 615, an insulating sealing ring 616 and an outer insulating ceramic sleeve 617 are respectively mounted on the outer ring of the electrode lead copper rod 610, and are pressed by a pressing brass nut 620 sequentially through a brass gasket 618 and a spring gasket 619 to prevent leakage of hydrogen; the inner insulating ceramic sleeve 615 and the outer insulating ceramic sleeve 617 are arranged in the water-cooled electrode inner sleeve 611, and cooling water is circularly cooled in the electrode inner sleeve 611, the cooling water inlet 613 and the cooling water return port 614; the insulating sheath 621 is used for sleeving the other end of the electrode lead copper rod 610, is isolated from the electrode steel sheath 622, and prevents short circuit and electric leakage; the electrode steel sheath 622 is used as an electrode protection sheath for preventing the electrode 6 from colliding with the outside, and the electrode steel sheath 622 is mounted on the electrode outer sleeve 612 through a rubber pad 623 by using screws 624; the outer rubber sheath copper cable is connected with the other end of the electrode lead copper rod 610 through the cable brass fixing bolt group 626, the insulating rubber sheath 625 prevents the cable from being worn out and leaking electricity with the electrode steel sheath 622, and the electrode 6 is hermetically welded with the heater body shell 301 through the electrode inner sleeve 611.
Example 2
The difference between the hydrogen rapid electric heating apparatus of this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, as shown in fig. 8, the heating tube bundle 7 is an S-shaped tube.
Example 3
The difference between the hydrogen rapid electric heating device of this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the multiple heating tube bundles 7 in the a-phase heating tube bundle, the B-phase heating tube bundle and the C-phase heating tube bundle are all connected in parallel-series, as shown in fig. 7, and the explanation is given by taking the a-phase heating tube bundle as an example, two ends of three heating tube bundles in the a-phase heating tube bundle are connected on the heating tube bundle connecting plate 9 to form a parallel group, and then are connected with the heating tube bundles of other five parallel groups in series to form a parallel-series heating tube bundle, and the parallel-series heating tube bundles are connected with the electrode 6 through the conductive copper bar 64, and the parallel-series mode of the B-phase heating tube bundle and the C-phase heating tube bundle is the same as that of the a-phase heating tube bundle, and will not be described in detail.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, the pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction system comprises an oxidized pellet or lump ore furnace inlet unit, a pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction unit and a top gas treatment unit which are sequentially connected, wherein the pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction unit is also connected with a green electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit and a hydrogen gas mixing and dedusting unit, the hydrogen gas mixing and dedusting unit is also connected with a hydrogen gas electric heating unit, the hydrogen gas electric heating unit is connected with the pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction unit, the top gas treatment unit is also connected with a hydrogen gas mixing and dedusting unit, the hydrogen gas electric heating unit in the embodiment is a hydrogen gas rapid electric heating device of the embodiment 1, and other units all adopt the prior art.
The present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present utility model are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a quick electric heater unit of hydrogen, its characterized in that includes heater and silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulating system, the heater in be provided with a plurality of heating tube bundles that are connected that are used for heating hydrogen, hydrogen is in the heating tube bundle in flow and heat, the heating tube bundle pass through the electrode with silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulating system connect, silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulating system through adjusting heating power right the heating tube bundle heat.
2. The rapid electric heating apparatus for hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat generating tube bundle is a straight tube or an S-shaped tube.
3. The rapid electric heating device for hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating tube bundle is sequentially connected with an inlet orifice plate, a middle orifice plate and an outlet orifice plate, the inlet orifice plate, the middle orifice plate and the outlet orifice plate are all connected with a positioning pull rod, and the inlet orifice plate is connected with the heater shell through a supporting plate.
4. A rapid electric heating device for hydrogen as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inlet orifice plate, the middle orifice plate and the outlet orifice plate are welded and positioned with the heating tube bundle through positioning sleeves.
5. The rapid electric heating device for hydrogen gas according to claim 1, wherein the electrodes comprise an A-phase electrode, a B-phase electrode, a C-phase electrode and three N-phase electrodes which are identical in structure, the heating tube bundles are divided into an A-phase heating tube bundle, a B-phase heating tube bundle and a C-phase heating tube bundle, two heating tube bundles in the A-phase heating tube bundle are respectively connected with the A-phase electrode and the first N-phase electrode, two heating tube bundles in the B-phase heating tube bundle are respectively connected with the B-phase electrode and the second N-phase electrode, and two heating tube bundles in the C-phase heating tube bundle are respectively connected with the C-phase electrode and the third N-phase electrode.
6. The rapid electric heating apparatus for hydrogen as claimed in claim 5, wherein a plurality of heating tube bundles of the a-phase heating tube bundle, the B-phase heating tube bundle or the C-phase heating tube bundle are connected in series or parallel-series.
7. The rapid hydrogen electric heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating tube bundle is connected with one end of an electrode lead copper rod through a conductive copper bar, a water cooling structure is arranged on the outer side of one end of the electrode lead copper rod, the water cooling structure is connected with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water return port, and the water cooling structure is welded with a heater shell.
8. A rapid hydrogen electric heating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein an insulating structure is provided outside the other end of the electrode lead copper rod.
9. The rapid electric heating device for hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating tube bundle is iron-chromium-aluminum alloy tube or nichrome tube.
10. A pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction system comprising a hydrogen rapid electric heating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116287519A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-06-23 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | High-temperature hydrogen electric heating device and method for pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116287519A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-06-23 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | High-temperature hydrogen electric heating device and method for pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction |
| CN116287519B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2024-08-27 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | High-temperature hydrogen electric heating device and method for pure hydrogen shaft furnace reduction |
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