CN101550055B - A post treatment process containing a fast gas-solid separation structure after plasma coal cracking - Google Patents
A post treatment process containing a fast gas-solid separation structure after plasma coal cracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN101550055B CN101550055B CN2009100837049A CN200910083704A CN101550055B CN 101550055 B CN101550055 B CN 101550055B CN 2009100837049 A CN2009100837049 A CN 2009100837049A CN 200910083704 A CN200910083704 A CN 200910083704A CN 101550055 B CN101550055 B CN 101550055B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a post treatment process containing a fast gas-solid separation structure after plasma coal cracking, which pertains to the technical field of coal chemical industry. This process includes: a) through a fast gas-solid separation device, gas-phase intermediate and solid-phase intermediate are obtained from the reaction products of plasma coal cracking; b) the gas-phase intermediate enters a quenching unit to obtain acetylene-containing cracking gas; c) the solid-phase intermediate enters another reactor to further react with water or hydrogen; d) the heat obtained from the reaction of the solid-phase intermediate provides partial electricity for plasma generator. The present invention may raise the acetylene content of cracking gas product, the overall coal conversion rate and the comprehensive value of the process and is applicable to the post treatment of high-temperature, high-flowrate gas-solid mixture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plasma coal cracking process aftertreatment technology that contains fast gas-solid separation structure, belong to technical field of coal chemical industry.
Background technology
Acetylene is important basic Organic Chemicals.The commercial run of producing acetylene mainly contains calcium carbide route, methane portion oxidation method and methane electrocracking method, and wherein calcium carbide route acetylene technical maturity accounts for absolute ratio in the industrial production, but pollution and energy consumption are all higher relatively.
Coal plasma pyrolysis system acetylene is a direct chemical industry path for transformation of new, promising coal; Correlative study starts from the Britain Sheffield university of the sixties in 20th century: in the arc heat plasma jet of high temperature, Gao Han, high reaction activity, the volatile matter of coal even fixed carbon can be converted into acetylene.After this, a large amount of researchs concentrate on countries such as Britain, the U.S., Germany, India, the FSU.Chinese scholar and engineering technical personnel have carried out a large amount of fundamental researchs and engineering research since the nineties in this field.Because China's hydrocarbon resources is deficient relatively, and coal resource is abundant, so coal plasma pyrolysis system acetylene process has important potential industrial prospect as a kind of cleaning and the short coal conversion process of flow process aspect the chemical utilization of coal.
U.S. AVCO company has accomplished the test of 1MW level full scale plant in 1980, the plasma torch power input is 807kW, makes water do quenching medium, and per-unit production energy consumption is a 10.5kWh/kg acetylene before the gas delivery.Germany Huels company and Bergbau Forschung GmbH company (Germany mining research company, existing name DMT) in the cooperation eighties, have built up and have tested the pilot plant of 1.25MW, and the per-unit production energy consumption of being obtained is 14～16kWh/kg acetylene.
2007; The pilot plant test that Xinjiang of China sky industry group carries out on the 2MW apparatus platform; The best index of acetylene energy consumption reaches 10.5kWh/kg acetylene before the gas delivery; Take into account separating energy consumption 4.0kWh/kg, be lower than the comprehensive energy consumption 15.0kWh/kg acetylene that the outer calcium carbide route of pollution abatement costs is produced acetylene.
In existing processes, coal after the cracking, contains solid (uncracked coal or solid impurity) and gas (splitting gas) in the split product of generation in plasma body, and split product directly gets into quenching apparatus and carries out chilling, obtains the acetylene in the splitting gas.Owing to contain a large amount of solids in the split product, reduced evaporation efficiency, consumed a large amount of water coolants.Contain the great amount of high-temperature coal in the split product simultaneously, have very high calorific value, can react once more, improve the product added value.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the sharp separation that adds gas-solid in the existing coal plasma pyrolysis post-reaction treatment technology; With solid in the split product and gas delivery; Carry out aftertreatment respectively; Improve the acetylene content in the cracking gas product, improve the overall conversion of coal and the comprehensive value of process.
The said plasma coal cracking process aftertreatment technology that contains fast gas-solid separation structure comprises following concrete steps:
A) reaction product of plasma coal cracking process is 1200～1500K in the gas-solid mixture temperature, obtain gas phase intermediates and solid phase intermediates through fast gas-solid separator when speed is 150～200m/s;
B) the gas phase intermediates get into quenching apparatus, cool off fast with quenching medium, reduce to room temperature, thereby obtain containing C
2H
2, CH
4, CO, H
2And CO
2Splitting gas;
C) solid-phase intermediate is reacted coal dust, when temperature is 1100～1400K, gets in another reactor drum, at room temperature contacts with pure water, water vapour water-gas reaction generation CO and H take place
2, or in reactor drum, feed H
2Reaction obtains methane;
D) solid-phase intermediate is at above-mentioned steps c) gained heat energy is that plasma generator provides the part electric energy in the reaction process.
Said quenching medium is chemical cooling material or physics cooling material.
Said reactor drum is fluidized-bed, fixed bed or moving-bed.
Said chemical cooling material is water vapour, hydrogen and C
5Single or its mixed gas of following gaseous alkanes; Said physics cooling material is pure water, vapor condensation water or recirculated water.
The present invention has the following advantages:
Cooling only need be carried out chilling to gas (containing small amount of solid) when (1) having avoided gas-solid mixture in the technology according to the invention, improves evaporation efficiency;
(2) use fast separation device in the technology of the present invention, avoid the acetylene generation decomposition reaction in the split product;
(3) utilize the solid (being contained in reacted high temperature coal under the condition of plasma) that obtains after the separation to utilize again in the technology of the present invention, improve added value of product, improve process synthesis and be worth.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of plasma coal cracking process aftertreatment technology schematic flow sheet that contains fast gas-solid separation structure.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the coal plasma pyrolysis product feeds in the fast separation device, and gas separated gets into quenching apparatus, and cooling obtains containing C fast
2H
2, CH
4, CO, H
2And CO
2Splitting gas.Water-gas reaction takes place with water reaction in solid separated in reactor drum, or with hydrogen reaction generation hydrocracking.
Below in conjunction with instance and accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment 1
Plasma torch adopts hydrogen as working gas, and power input is 3.8～4.2MW, and hydrogen flowing quantity is 100～110kg/h, and the medial temperature of hydrogen plasma surpasses 3000K, and the central zone temperature is 5000～6000K.The split product temperature is 1200～1500K, and speed is 150～200m/s, and split product gets into fast separation device (the disclosed gas-solid separating device of patent CN1267564 in the prior art), and gas residence time is 80ms, and the solid phase residence time is a separation efficiency 75%.The pneumatic outlet gas separated is that the gas phase intermediates get into quenching apparatus; Cool off fast with recirculated water; Reduce to room temperature (thereby the thermolysis of termination product; Improve acetylene content in the splitting gas, avoid acetylene generation decomposition reaction under the high temperature), obtain volume content and be 10% acetylene gas mixture and (contain C
2H
2, CH
4, CO, H
2And CO
2Splitting gas).The solid of fast separation device solid outlet is solid-phase intermediate (a reacted coal dust), and temperature gets into fluidized-bed at 1100～1400K, feeds water vapour, and coal gasification reaction takes place, and generates CO and H
2(can be used as the required combustion gases of generating, the power consumption of compensation plasma body).Acetylene volume content 10% is higher than 7～8% of existing technology.Cooling water amount reduces by 50%.
Embodiment 2
Plasma torch adopts hydrogen as working gas, and power input is 3.8～4.2MW, and hydrogen flowing quantity is 100～110kg/h, and the medial temperature of hydrogen plasma surpasses 3000K, and the central zone temperature is 5000～6000K.The split product temperature is 1200～1500K, and speed is 150～200m/s, and split product gets into fast separation device (the disclosed gas-solid separating device of patent CN1267564 in the prior art), and gas residence time is 80ms, and the solid phase residence time is a separation efficiency 75%.The pneumatic outlet gas separated is that the gas phase intermediates get into quenching apparatus; Cool off fast with recirculated water; Reduce to room temperature (thereby the thermolysis of termination product; Improve acetylene content in the splitting gas, avoid acetylene generation decomposition reaction under the high temperature), obtain volume content and be 10% acetylene gas mixture and (contain C
2H
2, CH
4, CO, H
2And CO
2Splitting gas).The solid of fast separation device solid outlet is solid-phase intermediate (a reacted coal dust), and temperature gets in the fluidized-bed at 1100～1400K, feeds hydrogen, and the coal cracking takes place, and generates CH
4(can be used as the required combustion gases of generating, the power consumption of compensation plasma body).Acetylene volume content 10% is higher than 7～8% of existing technology.Cooling water amount reduces by 50%.
Embodiment 3
Plasma torch adopts hydrogen as working gas, and power input is 3.8～4.2MW, and hydrogen flowing quantity is 100～110kg/h, and the medial temperature of hydrogen plasma surpasses 3000K, and the central zone temperature is 5000～6000K.The split product temperature is 1200～1500K, and speed is 150～200m/s, and split product gets into fast separation device (the disclosed gas-solid separating device of patent CN1267564 in the prior art), and gas residence time is 80ms, and the solid phase residence time is a separation efficiency 75%.The pneumatic outlet gas separated is that the gas phase intermediates get into quenching apparatus; Cool off fast with propane; Reduce to room temperature (thereby the thermolysis of termination product; Improve acetylene content in the splitting gas, avoid acetylene generation decomposition reaction under the high temperature), obtain the acetylene volume content and be 6% with volume of ethylene content be that 9% gaseous mixture (contains C
2H
2, CH
4, CO, H
2And CO
2Splitting gas).The solid of fast separation device solid outlet is solid-phase intermediate (a reacted coal dust), and temperature gets in the fluidized-bed at 1100～1400K, feeds water vapour, and coal gasification reaction takes place, and generates CO and H
2(can be used as the required combustion gases of generating, the power consumption of compensation plasma body).Acetylene content is higher than 7～8% of existing technology, and ethylene content is higher than 0.8～1% of existing technology simultaneously, and energy consumption reduces by 30%.
Claims (4)
1. plasma coal cracking process aftertreatment technology that contains fast gas-solid separation structure is characterized in that said technology comprises following concrete steps:
A) reaction product of plasma coal cracking process is 1200～1500K in the gas-solid mixture temperature, obtain gas phase intermediates and solid phase intermediates through fast gas-solid separator when speed is 150～200m/s;
B) the gas phase intermediates get into quenching apparatus, cool off fast with quenching medium, reduce to room temperature, thereby obtain containing C
2H
2, CH
4, CO, H
2And CO
2Splitting gas;
C) solid-phase intermediate is reacted coal dust, when temperature is 1100～1400K, gets in the reactor drum, at room temperature contacts with pure water, water vapour water-gas reaction generation CO and H take place
2, or in reactor drum, feed H
2Reaction obtains methane;
D) solid-phase intermediate is at above-mentioned steps c) gained heat energy is that plasma generator provides the part electric energy in the reaction process.
2. treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said quenching medium is chemical cooling material or physics cooling material.
3. treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said reactor drum is fluidized-bed, fixed bed or moving-bed.
4. treatment process according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said chemical cooling material is water vapour, hydrogen and C
5The mixed gas of one or more in the following gaseous alkanes; Said physics cooling material is pure water, vapor condensation water or recirculated water.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101864086B (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-01-04 | 泰兴汤臣压克力有限公司 | Waste organic glass continuous cracking device |
| CN106543777B (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2018-09-14 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | A kind of carbon black and preparation method thereof and preparation facilities |
| CN106866334B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2020-08-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Thermal plasma cracking treatment method for asphaltene |
| CN106866344B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2020-08-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Cyclic treatment method for hydrocarbons in asphaltene thermal plasma cracking gas |
| CN106927991B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2020-08-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Water vapor thermal plasma cracking treatment method for asphaltene |
| CN105749820B (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-04-24 | 神雾科技集团股份有限公司 | The reactor of Thermal Plasma Pyrolysis of Coal acetylene |
| CN111186816B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2022-04-01 | 西安交通大学 | Plasma carbon sequestration system and method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3557530A (en) * | 1969-05-21 | 1971-01-26 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the separation of acetylene from gases obtained by pyrolysis |
| CN1271710A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-11-01 | Basf公司 | Preparation of acetylene and synthetic gas |
-
2009
- 2009-05-08 CN CN2009100837049A patent/CN101550055B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3557530A (en) * | 1969-05-21 | 1971-01-26 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the separation of acetylene from gases obtained by pyrolysis |
| CN1271710A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-11-01 | Basf公司 | Preparation of acetylene and synthetic gas |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| JP平2-45428A 1990.02.15 |
| JP昭54-16405A 1979.02.07 |
| JP特开平11-5754A 1999.01.12 |
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