CN219589311U - Corn dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a corn dryer, which aims at the problem that different grain crops in the prior art have different requirements on drying speed. The utility model is characterized in that a grain poking bin, a cooling bin, a multilayer drying bin, a tempering bin and a grain storage bin are sequentially connected above a base, the bottom of the grain poking bin is connected with a bottom feed inlet of a circulating elevator through a pipeline, a top feed inlet of the circulating elevator is connected with a feed inlet of the grain storage bin through a pipeline, one side of the cooling bin is connected with a cooling fan through a pipeline, the tempering bin is arranged between the multilayer drying bins, and a blast device outputs a heat source from a heat source device and enters the drying bin through a pipeline; one side of the air outlet chamber in the drying chamber is connected with the atmosphere through a wet air outlet pipe, and a plurality of vertically staggered angular drying grooves are embedded in the drying chamber to realize the air passage communication between the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber. The technology has the advantages of low crushing rate, energy conservation and low use cost, and is suitable for grain depots, flour factories or feed processing factories.

Description

Corn dryer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to grain drying machinery, in particular to a corn dryer.

Background

It is well known that post-harvest corn requires removal of excess moisture from the corn prior to storage or other processing steps. The moisture of corns hardly reaches the standard when reaping, and the natural sunning is generally required to be threshed, and the influence that can receive the rainwater before and after reaping leads to sunning work load great sometimes, and some peasants can directly sell the corn to the grain depot, and the grain depot reaches the task that makes its dryness through natural sunning and just becomes very huge, receives weather, place and manpower resource's restriction, can't normally realize in the natural sunning short time, so use drying-machine stoving corn just becomes necessary trend.

In addition, corn moisture is qualified when the grain depot is put in storage, but natural moisture regain can exist, and the corn moisture is also required to be dried regularly, so that the corn moisture regain is not mildewed. The traditional method often uses natural factors such as sun or wind to dry the corn, and if the corn encounters continuous bad weather, corn mildews, sprouts and the like are easy to cause waste, and the phenomenon is particularly common in places with wet and rainy south.

After the moisture corn kernels are heated, the surface layer moisture is vaporized and evaporated firstly to form a surface layer and internal moisture gradient, and the larger the difference between the speed of the internal moisture moving to the surface layer and the surface layer moisture evaporation speed is, the larger the generated internal stress is. Along with the increase of internal stress, folds are formed on the surfaces of the seeds, cracks are easy to occur, and the seeds expand. Therefore, the corns are required to be heated uniformly from outside to inside by drying, so that the moisture of the corns gradually and slowly overflows, the drying time and tempering time are prolonged, and the time for giving the corns with different water sections is reduced to the finally required moisture content, so that the corn waist bursting rate is reduced, and the safety storage of the corns is facilitated. In addition, the contact of the mechanized operation to the grains is easy to increase the breakage rate, so that the technical problem needs to be considered.

The patent applicant 'Henan Shengshi New mechanical equipment Limited company' has the application number 202221300250.3 and the application date 2022.05.27 introduced the following in the title of the utility model 'a grain dryer', a plurality of angular drying grooves 2-5 are arranged in the drying bin, the effect of setting up air paths in grains is achieved, the rotating grain poking wheels 3-8 poke the grains quantitatively to slide from gaps among the grain limiting grooves 3-10, the grains slide quantitatively from top to bottom, and the circulating flow is achieved by means of dead weight. The angular drying tanks 2-5 which are distributed in a staggered way can lead grains to fall back and forth between the two angular drying tanks, and the grains are in reverse contact with flowing hot air in the falling process, thereby fully realizing heat exchange. However, the equipment is not provided with a tempering warehouse and takes tempering procedures into consideration, and the temperature and the precipitation rate during drying are different according to different grain crops and moisture, and the precipitation rate is 0.8-1.5% per hour. The analysis can obtain that the drying mode is more suitable for heat-sensitive crops such as rice, and the rice is difficult to dry because the rice has the effect of preventing the internal moisture from being transferred outwards when being dried, if the drying speed is too high or the parameter selection is improper, the waist burst is easy to occur, so that the mode of uninterrupted circulation type low-speed drying in the equipment is more suitable for rice drying, and is not suitable for crops allowing high drying speed such as corn.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that different grain crops have different requirements on drying speed in the prior art, the utility model provides the corn dryer which is reasonable in structure, efficient and convenient.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that a corn dryer with the following structure is provided: the grain elevator comprises a base, a grain poking bin, a cooling bin, a drying bin, a tempering bin, a grain storage bin, a circulating elevator, a heat source device, a blast device and a cooling fan, wherein the grain poking bin, the cooling bin, the multi-layer drying bin, the tempering bin and the grain storage bin are sequentially connected above the base; the air blowing device comprises a hot air inlet pipe, a wet air outlet pipe and a positive pressure air blower, the drying bin comprises an air inlet chamber, a drying chamber and an air outlet chamber, the air inlet chamber is sequentially connected with the drying chamber and the air outlet chamber, the positive pressure air blower is connected with an air inlet of a heat source device heat exchange part through a pipeline, and an air outlet of the heat source device heat exchange part is connected with one side of the air inlet chamber in the drying bin through the hot air inlet pipe; one side of the air outlet chamber in the drying chamber is connected with the atmosphere through a wet air outlet pipe, and a plurality of vertically staggered angular drying grooves are embedded in the drying chamber to realize the air passage communication between the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber.

Preferably, one side of the air outlet chamber in the drying bin is connected with the dust removing bag through a wet air outlet pipe.

Preferably, the angular drying groove is divided into an air inlet side angular drying groove and an air outlet side angular drying groove, the angular drying groove connected with the air inlet chamber side is the air inlet side angular drying groove and comprises an upper grain sliding plate, a lower grain baffle plate, a fixed plate and fixed lugs, wherein the middle part of the upper grain sliding plate is folded in an inverted V shape, the two side edges of the upper grain sliding plate are respectively connected with the lower grain baffle plate of the inner ridge, one end opening of the upper grain sliding plate is outwards extended and provided with the fixed lugs, the other end opening is inwards extended and provided with the fixed plates, and mounting holes are formed in the fixed lugs and the fixed plates; the angular drying groove connected with the air outlet chamber side is an air outlet side angular drying groove, and comprises an upper grain sliding plate, a lower grain blocking plate and fixing lugs, wherein the middle part of the upper grain sliding plate is folded in an inverted V shape, the lower grain blocking plates of the inner ridge are respectively connected with the two side edges of the upper grain sliding plate, the fixing lugs are outwards extended at the ports of the two sides of the upper grain sliding plate, and mounting holes are formed in the fixing lugs.

Preferably, the lower grain baffle of the air outlet side angle drying groove is rectangular or trapezoidal.

Preferably, the bottoms of the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber are respectively provided with a backflow sloping plate, and the bottoms of the joints of the drying chamber, the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber are respectively provided with a backflow hole matched with the backflow sloping plate.

Preferably, the grain stirring bin comprises a grain stirring bin shell, grain stirring rollers, an upper grain limiting groove, a lower grain limiting groove, a chain wheel, a chain, a reversing chain wheel, a discharging funnel, a discharging pipe, a motor and a speed reducer, wherein the grain stirring bin shell is internally provided with a plurality of upper grain limiting grooves and lower grain limiting grooves which are alternately arranged, the grain stirring rollers are embedded in extension parts arranged between the upper grain limiting grooves and the lower grain limiting grooves, L-shaped grain stirring toothed plates are vertically arranged on the grain stirring rollers, and the grain stirring toothed plates are radially distributed on the outer ring surface of the grain stirring rollers; a discharging funnel is arranged below the lower grain limiting groove and is connected with a feeding port of the circulating elevator through a discharging pipe; the grain stirring device is characterized in that a reversing chain wheel, a motor and a speed reducer are arranged outside the grain stirring bin shell, the chain wheel is arranged at the end part of the grain stirring roller, which is positioned outside the grain stirring bin shell, and the motor drives the chain wheel at one end of the grain stirring roller through the speed reducer, the reversing chain wheel and the chain.

Preferably, the circulating elevator is a bucket elevator, the driving lifting wheels of the circulating elevator are contacted with the inner side surface of the traction belt through hollow outer ring surfaces, and the hollow outer ring surfaces are formed by surrounding a plurality of driving contact bars after being distributed in a uniformly annular mode at intervals.

Preferably, the cross section of the driving contact rod is round or oval, wherein the round driving contact rod is wrapped with an anti-slip sleeve, and the long axis of the oval driving contact rod is coincident with the radius of the driving lifting wheel.

Preferably, the heat source device is a coal-fired furnace, a natural gas furnace, a liquefied gas furnace, a biomass particle furnace, a biomass oil furnace or an electric furnace, and the air enters the drying bin after passing through a heat exchanger therein.

Preferably, the cooling fan is a positive pressure blower or a negative pressure suction fan.

Compared with the prior art, the corn dryer has the following advantages: the inside of drying chamber is equipped with a plurality of angular stoving groove that distribute each other perpendicularly in the stoving storehouse, builds the gas circuit in the grain inside, makes grain circuitous whereabouts between it, and the in-process that falls contacts with the hot air that flows, and hot air and grain flow direction are the mixed state of countercurrent and forward flow, and the heat utilization efficiency is high, and the energy consumption is lower, and drying speed is faster, and grain degree of consistency is high after the stoving.

The grain stirring roller with adjustable rotating speed quantitatively stirs grains to slide from gaps among grain limiting grooves, so that grains slide from top to bottom quantitatively, and the grains flow circularly by means of dead weight. The circulation lifting machine adopts the hollow lifting driving wheel to reduce the breakage rate in the grain drying process.

The lower grain shielding plate of the inlet side of the head end of the angular drying groove extends longer, the lower grain shielding plate of the tail end extends shorter, the cross section from the inlet side to the outlet side of the angular drying groove is gradually reduced, the air pressure at two ends of the angular drying groove is slightly different due to the length factor of the angular drying groove in the air inlet process, and the phenomenon that the heat transfer efficiency of a drying bin is inconsistent due to the fact that a hot air circuit is concentrated at the inlet end with slightly larger air pressure is avoided.

The technology has the advantages of low crushing rate, energy conservation and low use cost, and is suitable for grain depots, flour factories or feed processing factories.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall comparative structure of the present utility model in front and side view;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a drying chamber according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the drying chamber of the present utility model with the air outlet chamber removed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the drying chamber of FIG. 1 with the hot air inlet duct removed;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present utility model at the reflux unit of FIG. 4, reference number B;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an expanded structure of the angular drying tub according to the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an end structure of the angular drying tub according to the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a second schematic diagram of the end structure of the angular drying tank according to the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the present utility model after installation of the angular drying tub;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the driving relationship between the grain pulling roller and the grain limiting groove in the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the grain pulling roll of the present utility model;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the construction of the lift drive wheel of the present utility model;

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lift drive wheel of the present utility model;

FIG. 14 is one of the schematic cross-sectional structural views of the lift drive wheel of FIG. 13, labeled C, in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 15 is a second schematic cross-sectional view of the lift drive wheel of FIG. 13, taken along line C, in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 16 is a schematic top view of the air path of the angular drying trough of the present utility model;

FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the angular drying tub and air path at D-D' of FIG. 16 in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a second top view of the air path of the angular drying trough of the present utility model;

FIG. 19 is a second schematic cross-sectional view of the angular drying chamber and air path of FIG. 18 according to the present utility model.

In the description of the drawings, the reference numeral 1 is a grain storage bin, 2 is a drying bin, 3 is a blowing device, 4 is a cooling bin, 5 is a cooling fan, 6 is a grain poking bin, 7 is a circulating elevator, 8 is a tempering bin, and 9 is a base.

1-1 is a grain storage bin shell, and 1-2 is a grain viewing window; 2-1 is a drying bin shell, 2-2 is an air inlet side angular drying groove, 2-2' is an air outlet side angular drying groove, 2-3 is a wet air outlet pipe, 2-4 is a backflow inclined plate, 2-5 is a backflow hole, 2-6 is an air inlet chamber, and 2-7 is an air outlet chamber; 2-2-1 is a lower grain shielding plate, 2-2-2 is an upper grain sliding plate, 2-2-3 is a fixed lug, 2-2-4 is a mounting hole, and 2-2-5 is a fixed plate; 3-1 is a hot air inlet pipe, 3-2 is a positive pressure blower, and 3-3 is a heat source device; 6-1 is a grain stirring bin shell, 6-2 is an upper grain limiting groove, 6-3 is a lower grain limiting groove, 6-4 is a grain stirring roller, 6-5 is a discharging hopper, 6-6 is a chain wheel, 6-7 is a motor, 6-8 is a chain, 6-9 is a reversing chain wheel, and 6-10 is a grain stirring toothed plate; 7-1 is a driving contact bar, 7-2 is a lifting driving wheel, and 7-3 is an anti-slip sleeve.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present utility model, a technical solution of an embodiment of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present utility model, not all the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

The corn dryer of the present utility model is further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description below: as shown in the figure, the embodiment comprises a base 9, a grain poking bin 6, a cooling bin 4, a drying bin 2, a tempering bin 8, a grain storage bin 1, a circulating elevator 7, a heat source device 3-3, a blowing device 3 and a cooling fan 5, wherein the grain poking bin 6, the cooling bin 4, a multi-layer drying bin 2, the tempering bin 8 and the grain storage bin 1 are sequentially connected above the base 9, the bottom of the grain poking bin 6 is connected with a bottom feed inlet of the circulating elevator 7 through a pipeline, a top feed inlet of the circulating elevator 7 is connected with a feed inlet of the grain storage bin 1 through a pipeline, one side of the cooling bin 4 is connected with the cooling fan 5 through a pipeline, the tempering bin 8 is arranged between the multi-layer drying bin 2, and the blowing device 3 outputs a heat source from the heat source device 3-3 and enters the drying bin 2 through the pipeline; the air blower device 3 comprises a hot air inlet pipe 3-1, a wet air outlet pipe 2-3 and a positive pressure air blower 3-2, the drying bin 2 comprises an air inlet chamber 2-6, a drying chamber and an air outlet chamber 2-7, the air inlet chamber 2-6 is sequentially connected with the drying chamber and the air outlet chamber 2-7, the positive pressure air blower 3-2 is connected with an air inlet of a heat exchange part of the heat source device 3-3 through a pipeline, and an air outlet of the heat exchange part of the heat source device 3-3 is connected with one side of the air inlet chamber 2-6 in the drying bin 2 through the hot air inlet pipe 3-1; one side of the air outlet chamber 2-7 in the drying chamber 2 is connected with the atmosphere through a wet air outlet pipe 2-3, and a plurality of vertically staggered angular drying grooves are embedded in the drying chamber to realize the air passage communication between the air inlet chamber 2-6 and the air outlet chamber 2-7.

The grain storage bin 1 is a container for storing a certain amount of grains in advance, and the transparent grain viewing window 1-2 can be arranged on the grain storage bin shell 1-1, so that an operator can conveniently see the height of grains in the grain storage bin 1, and the weight of the grains to be dried is estimated; the drying bin 2 at the lower part is internally provided with a plurality of angular drying grooves, and grains can move with hot air after passing through the angular drying grooves, so that the effects of heating and dehydrating are achieved.

The heat of the heat exchange part in the heat source device 3-3 is taken as a carrier through air, and enters the drying bin 2 through the hot air inlet pipe 3-1, hot air enters from the inside of the angular drying groove at the side of the air inlet chamber 2-6, the heat is transmitted along the inside of the upper grain sliding plate 2-2-2 in the angular drying groove, the heat can escape while being transmitted, the hot air escapes upwards or downwards from the angular drying grooves connected with the air inlet chamber in a plurality of rows, enters the angular drying grooves connected with the air outlet chamber in a plurality of rows, and is transmitted to grains after fully contacting with grains, wherein the quantity of the angular drying grooves 2-2 at the air inlet side of the hot air inlet and the angular drying grooves 2-2' at the air outlet side of the moisture is more than or equal to 1.

One side of the air outlet chamber 2-7 in the drying bin 2 is connected with a dust removing bag through a wet air outlet pipe 2-3, so that dust collection amount in a drying place can be reduced. Hot air enters from one side of the drying bin 2, passes through the inside of the multi-layer multi-row angular drying grooves, and after the stacked grains are emptied and separated by the multi-layer multi-row angular drying grooves, hot air flows in a meandering manner from gaps of the grains, meanwhile, heat is uniformly dispersed to flowing grains, the temperature of the hot air gradually decreases, water vapor in the grains is evaporated after the temperature of the grains rises, the flowing hot air is brought out of the drying bin 2, and the flowing power source of the hot air is a positive pressure air blower 3-2 which presses heat into the drying bin 2 from a hot air inlet pipe 3-1; the air inlet chamber 2-6 is an air chamber for buffering hot air to flow from one end of the multi-layer multi-row angular drying groove to the other end, the air outlet chamber 2-7 is an air chamber for buffering moisture to flow from one end of the multi-layer multi-row angular drying groove to the atmosphere, the moisture outlet 2-3 of the air outlet chamber 2-7 is connected with one end of the moisture outlet pipe 2-3, and the tail end of the moisture outlet pipe 2-3 can be connected with a dust removing device or inserted into water for dust adsorption.

The angular drying groove is divided into an air inlet side angular drying groove 2-2 and an air outlet side angular drying groove 2-2', the angular drying groove connected with the air inlet chamber 2-6 side is the air inlet side angular drying groove 2-2, and comprises an upper grain sliding plate 2-2-2, a lower grain blocking plate, a fixed plate 2-2-5 and a fixed lug 2-2-3, wherein the middle part of the upper grain sliding plate 2-2 is folded into an inverted V shape, two side edges of the upper grain sliding plate 2-2 are respectively connected with a lower grain blocking plate of an inner ridge, one end opening of the upper grain sliding plate 2-2 is outwards extended to be provided with the fixed lug 2-2-3, the other end opening is inwards extended to be provided with the fixed plate 2-2-5, and the fixed lug 2-2-3 and the fixed plate 2-2-5 are respectively provided with a mounting hole 2-2-4; the angular drying groove connected with the air outlet chamber 2-7 side is an air outlet side angular drying groove 2-2', which comprises an upper grain sliding plate 2-2-2, a lower grain blocking plate and a fixed lug 2-2-3, wherein the middle part of the upper grain sliding plate 2-2 is folded into an inverted V shape, the two side edges of the upper grain sliding plate 2-2 are respectively connected with the lower grain blocking plate of the inner ridge, the fixed lug 2-2-3 is outwards extended at the ports of the two sides of the upper grain sliding plate 2-2, and the fixed lug 2-2-3 is provided with a mounting hole 2-2-4.

The air inlet side angular drying grooves 2-2 and the air outlet side angular drying grooves 2-2' are vertically staggered, are substantially angular drying grooves, are distinguished by different names and marks, the lower grain shielding plate 2-2-1 at the head end of the air inlet side angular drying groove 2-2 extends longer, the lower grain shielding plate 2-2-1 at the tail end extends shorter, the cross section from the head end to the tail end of the air inlet side angular drying groove 2-2 is gradually smaller, the small gap between the air pressures at the two ends of the air inlet side angular drying groove can be adapted to the air supply of the positive pressure air blower 3-2, and finally hot air can uniformly escape from the head end and the tail end of the air inlet side angular drying groove 2-2, the phenomenon that the heat transfer efficiency of the drying bin 2 is inconsistent due to the fact that a large amount of hot air paths are concentrated at the air inlet end with slightly larger air pressure is avoided, and the lower grain shielding plate of the air inlet side angular drying groove 2-2 is in a trapezoid shape with the best air inlet side angular drying groove 2-2. The lower grain baffle of the angular drying groove 2-2' at the air outlet side can be rectangular or trapezoidal, and the air outlet side can be weaker in consideration of air pressure difference.

The fixing lug 2-2-3 is a mode of fixing the angular drying groove on the outer side, and one end of the angular drying groove is fixed on the drying bin shell 2-1 through the mounting hole 2-2-4 and the bolt. The fixing plate 2-2-5 is a mode of fixing the angular drying groove on the inner side, and one end of the angular drying groove is fixed on the drying bin shell 2-1 through the mounting holes 2-2-4 and bolts on the fixing plate. The vertically staggered upper grain sliding plates 2-2-2 can enable grains to fall back and forth in a roundabout way, and contact with flowing hot air in the falling process to realize heat exchange. The lower grain shielding plate 2-2-1 can prevent grains from flowing backwards in the upper grain sliding plate 2-2 due to accumulation in the sliding process, so that the inner space of the upper grain sliding plate 2-2 is extruded to be smaller, the flow of hot air is not easy to maintain, the wind resistance of the front positive pressure air blower 3-2 is certainly increased, and the drying efficiency is lowered.

The bottoms of the air inlet chamber 2-6 and the air outlet chamber 2-7 are respectively provided with a backflow inclined plate 2-4, and the bottoms of the joints of the drying chamber, the air inlet chamber 2-6 and the air outlet chamber 2-7 are respectively provided with a backflow hole 2-5 matched with the backflow inclined plate 2-4.

When grains flow downwards from the multi-layer multi-row angular drying grooves to enter the grain poking bin 6, grains which are bounced out individually fall into the air inlet chamber 2-6 and the air outlet chamber 2-7, and if the grains cannot automatically return to the original path to enter the grain poking bin 6, the bottoms of the air inlet chamber 2-6 and the air outlet chamber 2-7 are periodically and manually disassembled for cleaning. Through the inclined backflow inclined plate 2-4 and the backflow hole 2-5 corresponding to the lowest part of the bottom plate of the backflow inclined plate 2-4, grains can automatically fall into the original path to enter the grain poking bin 6, so that manual cleaning is not needed, and the working procedures are saved.

The grain stirring bin 6 comprises a grain stirring bin shell 6-1, grain stirring rollers 6-4, an upper grain limiting groove 6-2, a lower grain limiting groove 6-3, a chain wheel 6-6, a chain 6-8, a reversing chain wheel 6-9, a discharging hopper 6-5, a discharging pipe, a motor 6-7 and a speed reducer, wherein the grain stirring bin shell 6-1 is internally provided with a plurality of upper grain limiting grooves 6-2 and lower grain limiting grooves 6-3 which are alternately arranged, the grain stirring rollers 6-4 are embedded in extension parts arranged between the upper grain limiting grooves 6-2 and the lower grain limiting grooves 6-3, L-shaped grain stirring toothed plates 6-10 are vertically arranged on the grain stirring rollers 6-4, and the grain stirring toothed plates 6-10 are radially distributed on the outer ring surface of the grain stirring rollers 6-4; a discharge funnel 6-5 is arranged below the lower grain limiting groove 6-3, and the discharge funnel 6-5 is connected with a feed inlet of the circulating elevator 7 through a discharge pipe; the grain stirring device is characterized in that a reversing chain wheel 6-9, a motor 6-7 and a speed reducer are arranged outside the grain stirring bin shell 6-1, a chain wheel 6-6 is arranged at the end part of the grain stirring roller 6-4, which is positioned outside the grain stirring bin shell 6-1, and the motor 6-7 drives the chain wheel 6-6 at one end of the grain stirring roller 6-4 through the speed reducer, the reversing chain wheel 6-9 and a chain 6-8. The opening of the L-shaped grain poking toothed plate 6-10 on the grain poking roller 6-4 faces the falling direction of grains.

The chain wheel 6-6 is a transmission part for driving the grain stirring roller 6-4, the chain wheel 6-6, the reversing chain wheel 6-9 and the chain 6-8 which are positioned at the output end of the motor 6-7 drive the grain stirring roller 6-4 to realize synchronous motion, and grains quantitatively fall from a gap between the upper grain limiting groove 6-2 and the lower grain limiting groove 6-3 under the stirring motion of the grain stirring toothed plate 6-10 on the grain stirring roller 6-4, finally enter a return pipeline formed by the discharging hopper 6-5 and the discharging pipe, enter the circulating elevator 7, are fed again, and return to the grain storage bin shell 1-1. After the motor 6-7 is regulated in speed, grains can be ensured to have sufficient time in the drying bin 2 to absorb heat of hot air by discharging at a stable speed, and the bottom of the grain stirring bin 6 falls into the feed inlet of the circulating elevator 7 through the discharge hopper 6-5 and the discharge pipe.

The circulating elevator 7 is a bucket elevator, the driving elevator wheels of the circulating elevator are contacted with the inner side surface of the traction belt through hollow outer ring surfaces, and the hollow outer ring surfaces are surrounded by a plurality of driving contact bars 7-1 at intervals and uniformly distributed in a ring shape. The cross section of the driving contact rod 7-1 is round or oval, wherein the outside of the round driving contact rod 7-1 is wrapped with an anti-slip sleeve 7-3, and the long axis of the oval driving contact rod 7-1 is coincident with the radius of the driving lifting wheel. Good contact between the drive contact rod 7-1 and the traction belt can be better achieved by increasing the contact surface friction by using the anti-slip sleeve 7-3 or by using the drive contact rod 7-1 with an oval protrusion effect, i.e. by changing the profile of the drive contact rod 7-1 and the roughness of the outer surface.

The lifting motor 6-7 drives the lifting driving wheel 7-2 to rotate through the speed reducer and the belt pulley, the outer annular surface of the lifting driving wheel 7-2 is connected with the inner annular surface of the traction belt after being tensioned through the annularly distributed driving contact rods 7-1, grain particles clamped between the lifting driving wheel 7-2 and the traction belt can be reduced as much as possible under the condition of ensuring friction force, so that the probability of crushing grains is reduced, and the purposes of lifting the grains, circularly drying the grains and reducing the grain crushing rate are ensured to the greatest extent. The circulating elevator 7 is a bucket elevator, and the main improvement point of the circulating elevator is that the circulating elevator is tightly sleeved with the lifting driving wheel 7-2 rotating at the bottom through the driving contact rods 7-1 which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape and a flexible traction belt, and the grain is lifted after rotation. The traction belt is provided with a plurality of hoppers at intervals, and grains at the feed inlet are lifted into the grain storage bin 1 again.

The heat source device 3-3 is a coal furnace, a natural gas furnace, a liquefied gas furnace, a biomass particle furnace, a biomass oil furnace or an electric furnace, air enters the drying bin 2 after passing through a heat exchanger in the heat source device, the heat in the furnace is absorbed by the heat exchanger, the heat is absorbed by flowing cold air and is heated into hot air, the hot air is conveyed into the drying bin 2 to exchange heat with grains, and parts such as a discharging plate, a material level device, a circulating lifting machine 7 and the like at the top of the dryer are maintained and maintained through the cat ladder 6

The cooling fan 5 is a positive pressure blower or a negative pressure suction fan, and is a driving component for driving cold air into grains to be cooled. The term "positive pressure blower" is used herein to distinguish the blower at positive pressure blower 3-2, which are substantially identical, and are both the pushing members for air flow.

The scheme belongs to a forward-backward type grain dryer, namely, the hot air direction is the same as and opposite to the grain flowing direction. The angular drying grooves for air inlet and air exhaust are densely distributed in the drying bin shell 2-1, the angular drying grooves are vertically and alternately distributed (i.e. distributed in a cross shape), hot air flow and grain flow direction are mixed in countercurrent and concurrent, and the drying bin is suitable for grains with high drying rate such as corn and the like, and has the following specific advantages:

1. the corn drying speed is high and the quality is high. Because the corn has higher requirements on the drying speed and the quality in the drying process, the corn drying speed is in direct proportion to the drying quality, the effect of mechanical damage on corn kernels can be effectively reduced due to the high drying speed, the breakage rate of corn can be reduced, and the grain quality is improved.

2. Compared with mixed flow type and cross flow type structure, the drying heat utilization efficiency is higher under the same condition of the forward and reverse flow type structure, the consumed energy is less, the energy saving effect is achieved, 10% of fuel can be normally saved, and the drying cost can be reduced.

3. The temperature of hot air is 50-150 ℃, the temperature required for drying corn is about 130 ℃ generally, and the corn is dried for 5 hours at a high temperature of about 130 ℃, so that some harmful bacteria can be effectively killed while precipitation is carried out.

4. The total number of the drying bins is 5, each section is 1.2 meters, corn enters from the top of the tower to the bottom and undergoes 5 sections of drying precipitation in the drying bins, and the one-time precipitation can reach 16%.

The specific drying process of this scheme is as follows:

1. when the initial moisture is 30%, the frequency of the power frequency alternating current is usually regulated to 25HZ by a motor for grain stirring through a frequency converter, at this time, grains are uniformly dropped through the rotation of a grain stirring roller and are regulated to about 3KG per second, namely about 5 tons per hour, at this time, corn enters a first section of drying bin (shown as a position from top to bottom (7) in the drying tower through a grain storage bin (shown as a position from top to bottom (8) in the drawing), the action time of the first section of hot air drying (the hot air temperature is about 130 ℃) is about 0.5 hours, and the precipitation is about 5%, namely about 30% of the moisture becomes 25% after the moisture passes through the first layer of drying bin (7).

2. Enters a second section of drying bin (shown as a position from top to bottom (6) in the figure) of the drying tower, is subjected to second hot air drying (the hot air temperature is about 125 ℃) for about 0.5 hour, and the precipitation is about 4%, namely, 25% of the water is 21% after passing through the second layer of drying bin (6).

3. Enters a third section of drying bin (shown as a position from top to bottom (5) in the figure) of the drying tower, is subjected to third hot air drying (the hot air temperature is about 125 ℃) for about 0.5 hours, and the precipitation is about 3%, namely 21% of water is 18% after passing through the third layer of drying bin (5).

4. Enters a tempering layer (shown as a position from top to bottom (4) in the figure) of a drying tower (a third layer) (the third layer is said here because the grain storage bin is a place for storing grains to be dried in the beginning of drying, the tempering bin can play a role in the drying process, and meanwhile, a single-layer tempering bin with the height higher than that of a single-layer drying bin and the middle parts of a plurality of drying bins can be arranged, for example, when the tempering is carried out for two layers), after 0.5 hour tempering, moisture in corn can evaporate to the epidermis, and the moisture becomes 19%.

5. Enters a fourth section of drying bin (shown as a position from top to bottom (3) in the figure) of the drying tower, is subjected to fourth hot air drying (the hot air temperature is about 120 ℃) for about 0.5 hour, and the precipitation is about 2.5%, namely, 19% of the water is changed into 16.5% after passing through the fourth layer of drying bin (3).

6. The water enters a fifth section of drying bin (shown as the position from top to bottom (2) in the figure) of the drying tower, the action time of the fifth hot air drying (the hot air temperature is about 125 ℃) is about 0.5 hours, the precipitation is about 2%, that is, the water content of 16.5% becomes 14.5% after the water content passes through the fifth section of drying bin (2). At this point the moisture has reached safe storage standards.

7. Entering a cold air layer (shown as the position from top to bottom (1) in the figure) of the drying tower, wherein the cold air action time is 0.5 hour, and the grain temperature can be safely stored after being reduced to the normal temperature.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the utility model, and it is intended to cover such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A corn dryer, characterized in that: the grain elevator comprises a base, a grain poking bin, a cooling bin, a drying bin, a tempering bin, a grain storage bin, a circulating elevator, a heat source device, a blast device and a cooling fan, wherein the grain poking bin, the cooling bin, the multi-layer drying bin, the tempering bin and the grain storage bin are sequentially connected above the base; the air blowing device comprises a hot air inlet pipe, a wet air outlet pipe and a positive pressure air blower, the drying bin comprises an air inlet chamber, a drying chamber and an air outlet chamber, the air inlet chamber is sequentially connected with the drying chamber and the air outlet chamber, the positive pressure air blower is connected with an air inlet of a heat source device heat exchange part through a pipeline, and an air outlet of the heat source device heat exchange part is connected with one side of the air inlet chamber in the drying bin through the hot air inlet pipe; one side of the air outlet chamber in the drying chamber is connected with the atmosphere through a wet air outlet pipe, and a plurality of vertically staggered angular drying grooves are embedded in the drying chamber to realize the air passage communication between the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber.

2. The corn dryer of claim 1, wherein: one side of the air outlet chamber in the drying bin is connected with a dust removing bag through a wet air outlet pipe.

3. The corn dryer of claim 1, wherein: the angle-shaped drying groove is divided into an air inlet side angle-shaped drying groove and an air outlet side angle-shaped drying groove, the angle-shaped drying groove connected with the air inlet chamber side is the air inlet side angle-shaped drying groove and comprises an upper grain sliding plate, a lower grain baffle plate, a fixed plate and fixed lugs, wherein the middle part of the upper grain sliding plate is folded into an inverted V shape, the two side edges of the upper grain sliding plate are respectively connected with the lower grain baffle plate of an inner ridge, one end opening of the upper grain sliding plate is outwards extended and provided with the fixed lugs, the other end opening is inwards extended and provided with the fixed plates, and mounting holes are formed in the fixed lugs and the fixed plates; the angular drying groove connected with the air outlet chamber side is an air outlet side angular drying groove, and comprises an upper grain sliding plate, a lower grain blocking plate and fixing lugs, wherein the middle part of the upper grain sliding plate is folded in an inverted V shape, the lower grain blocking plates of the inner ridge are respectively connected with the two side edges of the upper grain sliding plate, the fixing lugs are outwards extended at the ports of the two sides of the upper grain sliding plate, and mounting holes are formed in the fixing lugs.

4. A corn dryer as in claim 3, wherein: the lower grain baffle of the air outlet side angle drying groove is rectangular or trapezoidal.

5. The corn dryer of claim 1, wherein: the bottoms of the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber are respectively provided with a backflow sloping plate, and the bottoms of the joints of the drying chamber, the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber are respectively provided with a backflow hole matched with the backflow sloping plates.

6. The corn dryer of claim 1, wherein: the grain stirring bin comprises a grain stirring bin shell, grain stirring rollers, an upper grain limiting groove, a lower grain limiting groove, a chain wheel, a chain, a reversing chain wheel, a discharging hopper, a discharging pipe, a motor and a speed reducer, wherein the grain stirring bin shell is internally provided with a plurality of upper grain limiting grooves and lower grain limiting grooves which are alternately arranged, the grain stirring rollers are embedded in extension parts arranged between the upper grain limiting grooves and the lower grain limiting grooves, L-shaped grain stirring toothed plates are vertically arranged on the grain stirring rollers, and the grain stirring toothed plates are radially distributed on the outer ring surface of the grain stirring rollers; a discharging funnel is arranged below the lower grain limiting groove and is connected with a feeding port of the circulating elevator through a discharging pipe; the grain stirring device is characterized in that a reversing chain wheel, a motor and a speed reducer are arranged outside the grain stirring bin shell, the chain wheel is arranged at the end part of the grain stirring roller, which is positioned outside the grain stirring bin shell, and the motor drives the chain wheel at one end of the grain stirring roller through the speed reducer, the reversing chain wheel and the chain.

7. The corn dryer of claim 1, wherein: the circulating elevator is a bucket elevator, the driving lifting wheels of the circulating elevator are contacted with the inner side surface of the traction belt through hollow outer ring surfaces, and the hollow outer ring surfaces are formed by a plurality of driving contact bars in a spacing and uniform annular distribution mode.

8. The corn dryer of claim 7, wherein: the cross section of the driving contact rod is round or oval, an anti-slip sleeve is wrapped on the outer side of the round driving contact rod, and the long axis of the oval driving contact rod is coincident with the radius of the driving lifting wheel.

9. The corn dryer of claim 1, wherein: the heat source device is a coal-fired furnace, a natural gas furnace, a liquefied gas furnace, a biomass particle furnace, a biomass oil furnace or an electric furnace, and air enters the drying bin after passing through a heat exchanger therein.

10. The corn dryer of claim 1, wherein: the cooling fan is a positive pressure blower or a negative pressure suction fan.