CN219521315U - Positioning and clamping device for small-size sheet part - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a small-size sheet part positioning and clamping device, include: the fixture comprises a fixture body, wherein grooves for respectively placing at least two thin plate parts to be processed are formed in the fixture body; a plurality of groups of pressing plates for respectively pressing the edges of the upper surface of the thin plate part to be processed placed in the groove, wherein each group of pressing plates are detachably assembled on the clamp body; and a plurality of groups of part positioning pins for positioning the side surfaces of the thin plate parts to be processed placed in the grooves respectively, wherein each group of part positioning pins are inserted into part positioning pin holes arranged on the clamp body.

Description

Positioning and clamping device for small-size sheet part

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of positioning clamps, in particular to a positioning and clamping device applied to small-size thin plate parts.

Background

In general, small-sized thin plate parts have problems of narrow clamping space, poor rigidity of the processed parts, difficult chip removal and the like because of a large number of holes, cavities, grooves and the like which are required to be processed on the end surfaces. In the centralized processing process of the processed contents of the end face of the part, the most direct processing scheme is to design a special fixture for solving, but the fixture is required to solve the problems of accurate positioning of the part and rigidity of thin plate processing; in order to process the complete part processing content by one-time clamping, the position of a pressing plate of the clamp on a processing surface of the press-fit part must be accurately limited, so that the problem that a processing accident is caused by collision between the pressing plate and the processing tool during tool setting is avoided.

At present, a conventional processing method for small-size thin plate parts in the prior art adopts flat tongs to position and clamp, the common practice is to process two jaws into a sinking table step surface with the diameter of about 4 multiplied by 4mm, the two side surfaces of a clamped thin plate are not stressed well in the axial direction of a machine tool, the processing rigidity is extremely poor, and the end surface through groove of the thin plate part cannot be processed due to the clamping of the side surfaces.

Besides the fact that the mode of directly clamping the positioning blocks, the screw rods, the screw caps and the pressing plates is adopted, the problem that clamping space and machining space are very crowded besides the fact that the processing end face through groove of the thin plate part cannot be solved is solved, clamping operation, chip removal, tool cutting and the like are not facilitated.

Therefore, the conventional positioning and clamping processing method in the prior art has the problems that the alignment fixture is laborious and time-consuming when the secondary repeated processing and the production replacement exist, so that the debugging time of the first part is relatively long. Because the processing content is dense, the distance between the periphery of the part and the processed hole or groove is very close, the direct pressing plate clamping is very difficult to open, if the clamping is measured by adopting the side to determine the pressing position, the clamping operation efficiency is extremely low, the foolproof operation is not realized, and the error rate is extremely high.

Based on the above problems, it is very necessary to consider the structural design of the innovative sheet positioning and clamping device in an omnibearing way: the clamping device has the advantages that the thin plate part can be accurately and reliably positioned, the clamping device is required to be more simply and conveniently operated, the machining efficiency is improved, errors are reduced, the problem of the machining rigidity of the thin plate part is solved, the problem of positioning the pressing plate of the thin plate clamping device is solved, and the occurrence of tool collision accidents is avoided.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a small-size thin plate part positioning and clamping device which is used for a vertical machining center, so that the same batch of concentrated machining of more machining contents of the end faces of a plurality of thin plate parts is realized, the small-size thin plate parts are accurately and reliably machined and positioned, the rigidity of the parts is good, the clamp is simple and convenient to apply and operate, the machining efficiency is high, and the phenomenon of cutter collision caused by positioning and clamping of the small-size thin plate parts can be avoided.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides a small-size sheet part positioning and clamping device, which comprises:

the fixture comprises a fixture body, wherein grooves for respectively placing at least two thin plate parts to be processed are formed in the fixture body;

a plurality of groups of pressing plates for respectively pressing the edges of the upper surface of the thin plate part to be processed placed in the groove, wherein each group of pressing plates are detachably assembled on the clamp body; and a plurality of groups of part positioning pins for positioning the side surfaces of the thin plate parts to be processed placed in the grooves respectively, wherein each group of part positioning pins are inserted into part positioning pin holes arranged on the clamp body.

Preferably, the set of part positioning pins comprises at least one part positioning pin with a side wall attached to the side surface of the thin plate part to be processed, each part positioning pin is respectively inserted into a part positioning pin hole on one fixture body, and one thin plate part to be processed is positioned through the side wall of the at least one part positioning pin and the side wall of the groove for assembling the thin plate part to be processed.

Preferably, the set of press plates comprises at least two press plates arranged on two symmetrical sides of one sheet part to be processed, and the pressing force of the press plates on the sheet part to be processed is adjusted by means of part press-fitting screws screwed into the press plates and the clamp body.

Preferably, each of the pressing plates is further positioned by a pressing plate positioning pin inserted into the clamp body after passing through the pressing plate.

Preferably, one group of the pressing plates comprises a short pressing plate, a protruding supporting body extends out of one side of the short pressing plate, which faces the upper surface of the clamp body, and the short pressing plate is supported on the clamp body by the supporting body, so that a first gap is formed between the part, which is not provided with the supporting body, of the short pressing plate and the clamp body, and the part, which is to be processed, of the thin plate part extends into the first gap.

Preferably, the long pressing plate and the short pressing plate are arranged oppositely, a second gap is formed between the long pressing plate and the fixture body by means of the part press-fitting screw, and a part of the thin plate part to be processed stretches into the second gap.

Preferably, the clamp body is provided with a screw hole for assembling the clamp body to a machine tool.

Preferably, the small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device is suitable for sheet parts to be processed, which have a thickness of between 1 and 4 mm.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

after the thin plate part to be processed is placed in the groove, the large plane of the thin plate part to be processed is completely attached to the bottom surface of the groove, so that gapless lamination is realized, the problems of poor rigidity and poor stress state of the part in the vertical direction due to suspension existing below the part processing are avoided, the problem of poor rigidity in the vertical direction in the part processing process can be well solved, and the thin plate part is prevented from being deformed in the processing.

In the device of the embodiment, for small-size thin plate parts, the contents of holes, cavities, grooves and the like which are required to be machined on the end surfaces of the small-size thin plate parts are more, the surface area of a pressing plate for pressing is very limited, and the distance between the pressing plate and the machining contents on the parts is very short. In the embodiment, each pressing plate is positioned through two pressing plate positioning pins, so that the position of the pressing plate on the processing surface of the pressed part is accurately limited to be less than or equal to 0.05mm, and the phenomenon that: because the position of the pressing plate is not limited, the position of the pressing plate on the machining surface of the part is incorrect, the pressing plate is wrongly fed into the machining area, the phenomenon that the pressing plate is collided with the pressing plate or is wrongly cut when the machining cutter is rapidly arranged, machining accidents are further generated, the concentrated machining of the process content of the thin plate part cannot be completed when the machining accidents are serious, and the problem that the precision requirement of the same clamping machining is difficult to guarantee occurs. In addition, to traditional scheme adoption mode of clamping while measuring clamp plate position, clamping operation intensity of labour is big, and operating personnel is tired easily even forgets this operating procedure, and the error rate is high, and clamping inefficiency's problem, clamp plate locating pin also can play the mistake proofing round pin effect simultaneously in this example, can effectively prevent slow-witted operating personnel.

Under the condition that the positioning and clamping precision of the clamp and the clamping force are enough, compact optimization design is carried out, the thickness of the part is utilized to mutually provide press mounting support, and an additional support body is designed at the tail end of the short pressing plate, the whole clamp is not required to be provided with additional support block parts completely, so that the clamp device is more compact and simple, the chip removal is smoother, the clamp space is utilized more fully, and the time for adjusting the clamp support block of the clamping part during operation is reduced (without the support block design).

By utilizing the characteristic of small and exquisite parts, through the optimal design, on a bigger clamp body, the positioning clamping position is reasonably arranged in advance according to the size of the parts, a plurality of thin plate parts to be processed are clamped at the same time and then are processed together, so that the clamping operation time is effectively concentrated, the clamping operation efficiency is greatly improved, the equipment operation time of single processing is greatly prolonged, the trimming time is prolonged for operators, the downtime is reduced, and the comprehensive efficiency of the equipment is effectively improved.

The alignment reference hole is designed at the center of the fixture body and used for determining the mutual position relation between the fixture body and the coordinate system of each machining unit and the machine tool, so that the programming of the machining center is effectively simplified, the step of determining the coordinate point of the workpiece of each machining unit by tool setting is omitted, the fixture can be used for alignment for the second time, and the machining and production efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an assembled schematic view of a small-sized sheet positioning and clamping device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a clip body;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a short platen;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a long platen;

fig. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a small-sized sheet positioning and clamping device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

The marks are shown below: 1. a clamp body; 2. pressing the screw by the clamp; 3. a short pressing plate; 4. a long pressing plate; 5. a pressing plate positioning pin; 6. positioning pins on the side surfaces of the parts; 7. the screw is pressed on the part.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in the present embodiment, a small-size thin plate part positioning and clamping device is provided to implement batch clamping of a plurality of thin plate parts 9 to be processed, thereby implementing multi-step centralized processing of the thin plate parts; meanwhile, because the thin plate part is precisely pressed, the deformation of the processed thin plate part product is small and high in precision, the same batch of processing can be realized, the higher processing precision is achieved, the efficiency is improved, and the tool collision accident of the thin plate part clamp can be avoided.

Wherein 4 sheet parts 9 to be machined are clamped and positioned in the device in the embodiment. In this embodiment, the thickness of the sheet part 9 to be processed is between 1 and 4mm and the large planar area is between 20 and 60 mm.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device includes:

the fixture body 1, the fixture body 1 is formed with grooves 11 for placing a plurality of thin plate parts 9 to be processed, in this embodiment, the number of the thin plate parts 9 to be processed is 4; after the thin plate part 9 to be processed is placed in the groove 11, the large plane of the thin plate part 9 to be processed is completely attached to the bottom surface of the groove 11, so that gapless lamination is realized, the problems of poor rigidity and poor stress state of the part in the vertical direction caused by suspension existing below the part during processing are avoided, the problem of poor rigidity in the vertical direction during processing of the part can be well solved, and the thin plate part is prevented from being deformed during processing;

a plurality of groups of pressing plates for respectively pressing the edges of the upper surface of the thin plate part 9 to be processed placed in the groove 11, wherein each group of pressing plates is detachably assembled on the clamp body 1; and a plurality of groups of part positioning pins for positioning the side surfaces of the sheet parts 9 to be processed placed in the grooves 11 respectively, wherein each group of part positioning pins is inserted into part positioning pin holes formed on the fixture body 1.

Wherein, a set of part locating pins comprises at least one part locating pin 6 with the side wall attached to the side face of the thin plate part 9 to be processed, each part locating pin 6 is respectively inserted into a part locating pin hole on one fixture body 1, and one thin plate part 9 to be processed is located through the side wall of the at least one part locating pin 6 and the side wall of a groove 11 for assembling the thin plate part 9 to be processed. In this embodiment, the number of the part positioning pins 6 is 4, and one part positioning pin 6 corresponds to one sheet part 9 to be processed. Of course, one sheet part 9 to be processed may be positioned by more part positioning pins 6, that is, the number of one set of part positioning pins may be increased based on the need in the present embodiment.

In this embodiment, the set of pressing plates includes at least two pressing plates disposed on symmetrical sides of one sheet part 9 to be processed, and the pressing force of the pressing plates to be processed sheet part 9 is adjusted via part press-fitting screws 7 screwed into the pressing plates and the clamp body 1. In this embodiment, the pressing plates include a short pressing plate 3 and a long pressing plate 4, and a group of pressing plates may be formed by the long pressing plate and the short pressing plate, or may be formed by the short pressing plate or the long pressing plate alone; meanwhile, the number of the pressing plates is variable, but the assembly mode of the pressing plates on the clamp body 1 at least ensures that the thin plate part 9 to be processed can be uniformly pressed. In the present embodiment, as seen in the figures, a set of platens consists of one short platen 3 and one long platen 4.

As shown in fig. 4, for the short pressing plate 3, a protruding supporting body 31 extends from a side of the short pressing plate 3 facing the upper surface of the fixture body 1, and the short pressing plate 3 is supported on the fixture body 1 by the supporting body 31, so that a first gap is formed between a portion of the short pressing plate 3, where the supporting body 31 is not provided, and the fixture body 1, and a portion of the sheet part 9 to be processed extends into the first gap. The short pressing plate 3 is provided with two first pressing plate positioning pin holes 33 and a first part press-fitting screw mounting hole 32, two pressing plate positioning pins 5 penetrate through the two first pressing plate positioning pin holes 33 on the short pressing plate 3 and then are assembled into the pressing plate positioning pin holes of the clamp body 1, one part press-fitting screw 7 penetrates through the first part press-fitting screw mounting hole 32 and then is connected into the clamp body 1 in a threaded mode, and the degree of tightness of the part press-fitting screw 7 is adjusted to achieve the purpose of adjusting the pressing force of the short pressing plate 3 on the thin plate part 9 to be processed.

As shown in fig. 5, for the long pressing plate 4, the long pressing plate 4 and the short pressing plate 3 are disposed opposite to each other, the long pressing plate 4 forms a second gap between the part press-fitting screw 7 and the fixture body 1, and a part of the thin plate part 9 to be processed extends into the second gap. Two second part locating pin holes 42 and a second part press-fitting screw mounting hole 41 are formed in the long pressing plate 4, two pressing plate locating pins 5 penetrate through the two second pressing plate locating pin holes 42 in the long pressing plate 4 and then are assembled into the pressing plate locating pin holes of the clamp body 1, two part press-fitting screws 7 penetrate through the second part press-fitting screw mounting hole 41 and then are connected into the clamp body 1 in a threaded mode, and the degree of tightness of the part press-fitting screws 7 is adjusted to achieve the purpose of adjusting the pressing force of the long pressing plate 4 on the thin plate part 9 to be processed.

The small-size sheet part positioning and clamping device in the embodiment is assembled in the following manner:

1. assembling a thin plate positioning and clamping mechanism: firstly, 4 part locating pins 6 and 12 pressing plate locating pins 5 are assembled to the correct position of the diagram by interference fit with the relevant pin holes of the clamp body 1. Specifically, the part positioning pins 6 are inserted into the part positioning pin holes on the clamp body 1, then the pressing plate positioning pin holes of the pressing plates are aligned with the pressing plate positioning pin holes at the corresponding positions on the clamp body 1, and finally the 12 pressing plate positioning pins 5 are inserted into the pressing plate positioning pin holes on the clamp body 1 after passing through the pressing plate positioning pin holes of the pressing plates.

Then transversely placing the sheet positioning and clamping mechanism on a vertical machining center workbench, penetrating 2 clamp press-fitting screws (particularly, hexagon socket head cap screws) through screw holes on the clamp body 1 to preassemble the clamp body 1 on the vertical machining center workbench of the machine tool, leveling the side positioning surface of the clamp body 1, ensuring parallelism with the X axis of the machine tool, and then tightening the clamp press-fitting screws 2 to press the clamp body 1 onto the vertical machining center workbench of the machine tool; the reference hole in the center of the jig body 1 is aligned and set as a machining zero point.

2. The sheet part 9 to be processed is press-fitted. The 4 parts 9 of the thin plate to be processed, which are processed by the plane, are respectively positioned and installed on the correct position of the fixture body 1, then the pressing plate positioning pin holes of the long pressing plate 4 and the pressing plate positioning pin holes of the short pressing plate 3 penetrate through the corresponding pressing plate positioning pins 5, and the long pressing plate 4 and the short pressing plate 3 are accurately positioned by the pressing plate positioning pins 5, so that the longer pressing plate 4 and the short pressing plate 3 need to press the bigger surfaces of the parts to ensure firm press-fitting, and any surfaces of the long pressing plate 4 and the short pressing plate 3 need not to cross the area to be processed, so that the phenomenon of cutter collision or erroneous cutting of the pressing plates occurs.

3. The sheet part 9 to be processed is processed. After the positioning and clamping of the plurality of thin plate parts 9 to be processed are completed, the machine tool coordinates of the center of the reference hole of the clamp body 1 are used as processing programming zero points, and under the control of a processing program, the contents of the surfaces, grooves, holes and the like of each thin plate part 9 to be processed, which need to be processed, are processed sequentially and simultaneously, so that high position accuracy is ensured, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of equipment is improved.

In the device of the embodiment, for small-size thin plate parts, the contents of holes, cavities, grooves and the like which are required to be machined on the end surfaces of the small-size thin plate parts are more, the surface area of a pressing plate for pressing is very limited, and the distance between the pressing plate and the machining contents on the parts is very short. In the embodiment, each pressing plate is positioned through two pressing plate positioning pins 5, so that the position of the pressing plate on the processing surface of the pressed part is accurately limited to be less than or equal to 0.05mm, and the phenomenon that: because the position of the pressing plate is not limited, the position of the pressing plate on the machining surface of the part is incorrect, the pressing plate is wrongly fed into the machining area, the phenomenon that the pressing plate is collided with the pressing plate or is wrongly cut when the machining cutter is rapidly arranged, machining accidents are further generated, the concentrated machining of the process content of the thin plate part cannot be completed when the machining accidents are serious, and the problem that the precision requirement of the same clamping machining is difficult to guarantee occurs. In addition, to traditional scheme adoption mode of clamping while measuring clamp plate position, clamping operation intensity of labour is big, and operating personnel is tired easily even forgets this operating procedure, and the error rate is high, and clamping inefficiency's problem, clamp plate locating pin also can play the mistake proofing round pin effect simultaneously in this example, can effectively prevent slow-witted operating personnel.

Under the condition that the positioning and clamping precision of the clamp and the clamping force are enough, compact optimization design is carried out, the thickness of the part is utilized to mutually provide press mounting support, and the additional support body 31 is designed at the tail end of the short pressing plate 1, so that the whole clamp is not required to be provided with additional support block parts, the clamp device is more compact and simple, the chip removal is smoother, the clamp space is utilized more fully, and the time for adjusting the clamp support block of the clamping part during operation is reduced (without the support block design).

By utilizing the characteristic of small and exquisite parts, through the optimal design, on a bigger fixture body 2, the positioning clamping position is reasonably arranged in advance according to the size of the parts, a plurality of thin plate parts 9 to be processed are clamped at the same time and then are processed together, so that the clamping operation time is effectively concentrated, the clamping operation efficiency is greatly improved, the equipment operation time of single processing is greatly prolonged, the trimming time is prolonged for operators, the downtime is reduced, and the comprehensive efficiency of the equipment is effectively improved.

The alignment reference hole is designed at the center of the clamp body 1 and used for determining the mutual position relation between the clamp body 1 and each machining unit and a machine tool coordinate system, so that programming of a machining center is effectively simplified, the step of determining the workpiece coordinate point of each machining unit by tool setting is omitted, the clamp can be used for alignment for the second time, and the machining and product changing efficiency is improved.

Claims (8)

1. A small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device, characterized by comprising:

the fixture comprises a fixture body (1), wherein grooves (11) for placing at least two thin plate parts (9) to be processed are formed in the fixture body (1);

a plurality of groups of pressing plates for respectively pressing the edges of the upper surface of the thin plate part (9) to be processed placed in the groove (11), wherein each group of pressing plates is detachably assembled on the clamp body (1); and a plurality of groups of part positioning pins for positioning the side surfaces of the thin plate parts (9) to be processed placed in the grooves (11) respectively, wherein each group of part positioning pins is inserted into part positioning pin holes formed on the clamp body (1).

2. The small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the group of part positioning pins comprises at least one part positioning pin (6) with a side wall attached to a side surface of the sheet part (9) to be processed, each part positioning pin (6) is respectively inserted into a part positioning pin hole on one fixture body (1), and one sheet part (9) to be processed is positioned through the side wall of the at least one part positioning pin (6) and the side wall of the groove (11) for assembling the same.

3. The small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that a set of press plates comprises at least two press plates arranged on symmetrical sides of one sheet part (9) to be processed, the pressing force of which is adjusted via part press-fitting screws (7) screwed into the press plates and the clamp body (1).

4. A small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device according to claim 3, wherein each of the pressing plates is further positioned by a pressing plate positioning pin (5) inserted into the clamp body (1) after passing through the pressing plate.

5. The small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device according to claim 4, wherein one group of the pressing plates comprises a short pressing plate (3), a protruding supporting body (31) extends out from one side of the short pressing plate (3) facing the upper surface of the fixture body (1), and the short pressing plate (3) is supported on the fixture body (1) by the supporting body (31) so that a first gap is formed between a portion of the short pressing plate (3) where the supporting body (31) is not provided and the fixture body (1), and a portion of the sheet part (9) to be processed extends into the first gap.

6. The small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device according to claim 5, wherein one group of the pressing plates further comprises a long pressing plate (4), the long pressing plate (4) and the short pressing plate (3) are oppositely arranged, a second gap is formed between the long pressing plate (4) and the clamp body (1) by means of the part press-fitting screw (7), and a part of the sheet part (9) to be processed stretches into the second gap.

7. The small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device according to claim 1, wherein screw holes for assembling the clamp body (1) to a machine tool are provided on the clamp body (1).

8. Small-sized sheet part positioning and clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is suitable for sheet parts (9) to be machined having a thickness of between 1 and 4mm and a large planar area of between 20 and 60 mm.