CN107414222B - An electrode clamping device and clamping method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrode clamping device, which relates to the technical field of mold manufacturing. The electrode clamping device is used for clamping the electrode on the head of the spark machine, and the bottom surface of the electrode is provided with a pit structure and an electrode threaded hole; it is characterized in that the electrode clamping device includes: a clamping seat, and the top surface of the clamping seat is provided There is a raised structure, which can be snapped and matched with the pit structure. The bottom surface of the clamping seat is provided with a through hole of the clamping seat and a threaded hole of the clamping seat. The threaded hole of the clamping seat can be connected with the screw on the head mechanism of the spark machine. Fitting connection; the connection mechanism includes a backing plate and long bolts and short bolts pierced on the backing plate, the backing plate is against the bottom surface of the clamping seat, and the long bolt can pass through the through hole of the clamping seat and the electrode on the electrode. The electrode threaded hole is connected, and the short bolt can be connected with the clamping seat. The invention also discloses an electrode clamping method. The invention solves the problems of low electrode clamping precision, cumbersome operation and slow speed, has low dependence on workers' operating experience, and has high use efficiency.

Description

An electrode clamping device and clamping method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mold manufacturing, in particular to an electrode clamping device and a clamping method.

Background technique

At present, in the EDM of the mold manufacturing industry, the electrode is required to be within the processing range of each unit distance of 100mm, and the processing accuracy should be kept below 0.02mm, and the clamping accuracy and positioning accuracy have a great influence on the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

The electrode clamping on the spark machine machine is calibrated based on the X, Y, and Z directions of the machine tool. The conventional electrode calibration method mainly detects the deviation of the electrode in the X, Y, and Z directions through the dial indicator, and adjusts it several times through the adjustment screw of the spark machine head until the adjustment is within the allowable tolerance range. After each electrode is clamped, the electrode and the workpiece need to be collided and centered to determine the three-dimensional coordinates of the electrode relative to the three-dimensional coordinates of the workpiece to ensure the accuracy of the machine tool. Specifically, there are currently two main methods for clamping electrodes in the mold manufacturing industry. The first method is to process threaded holes on the electrodes, screw one end of the screw to fix it on the electrode, and the other end of the screw is clamped by the groove preset by the head of the spark machine. Tighten the electrode, calibrate the electrode, touch the edge and divide the center, and complete the electrode clamping; the second method: make a clamp, one end of the clamp clamps the electrode, and then the other end of the clamp is also clamped by the preset groove of the spark machine head, Electrode calibration, touch the edge and divide the center, and complete the electrode clamping.

Although the cost of clamping electrodes by the above two methods is low, the electrodes must be calibrated every time, and the work load is large, and the actual use efficiency of the machine tool is not high. In actual operation, it takes 10 to 20 minutes to complete the clamping of a single electrode. According to the experience of the operator, the clamping effect is also different. The production efficiency is low, the utilization rate of the machine is low, and it is easy to make mistakes.

Contents of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode clamping device and clamping method to solve the problem of electrode clamping in the prior art, low positioning accuracy, cumbersome operation, slow speed, high dependence on workers' operating experience, and low efficiency of machine tools The problem.

In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the present invention provides an electrode clamping device, which is used for clamping the electrodes on the head of the spark machine. The bottom surface of the electrode is provided with a pit structure and electrode threaded holes. The electrode clamping device includes:

Clamping seat, the top surface of the clamping seat is provided with a convex structure, which can be snapped and matched with the electrode pit structure, and the bottom surface of the clamping seat is provided with a clamping seat through hole and a clamping seat threaded hole, and the clamping seat is threaded The hole can be connected with the screw on the head mechanism of the spark machine;

The connection mechanism includes a backing plate and long bolts and short bolts passing through the backing plate. The backing plate is against the bottom surface of the clamping seat, and the long bolts can pass through the through hole of the clamping seat to connect with the electrode threaded hole on the electrode. Short bolts can be connected with the clamping seat.

Preferably, the through hole of the clamping seat includes a first through hole of the clamping seat and a plurality of second through holes of the clamping seat, the first through hole of the clamping seat is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the clamping seat, and the plurality of second through holes of the clamping seat The through hole of the clamping seat is evenly arranged on the outside of the through hole of the first clamping seat with the center as the center of the circle. outside. The arrangement of the above-mentioned structure can make the arrangement of the threaded holes more reasonable and effective, and at the same time, does not hinder the cooperation between the convex structure on the clamping seat and the electrode concave structure.

Preferably, the structural form of the electrode can be set such that there is one threaded hole of the electrode, which is located at the center of the bottom surface of the electrode. The arrangement of the above structure can make the electrode and the clamping seat fastened more conveniently.

As a preference, the structural form of the backing plate can be set as follows: a boss is provided in the middle of the backing plate for abutting against the bottom surface of the clamping seat, two backing plate through holes symmetrically distributed about the center of the backing plate are arranged on the backing plate, The long bolt passes through the through hole of the backing plate and the through hole of the first clamping seat and is connected with the threaded hole of the electrode, and the short bolt passes through the through hole of the backing plate and is connected with the threaded hole of the clamping seat. The setting of the above-mentioned boss structure can make the stress state of the backing plate more reasonable, and the boss makes the force of bolt fastening distributed as a lever, and the bolt does not generate a rotational moment to the clamping seat during the tightening process, which can make the clamping seat The position in the space remains unchanged, and at the same time, the positioning of the electrode and the clamping seat is more firm.

As a preference, the structural form of the electrode can also be set such that three electrode threaded holes can be provided, including a first electrode threaded hole located at the center of the bottom surface of the electrode, and two second electrode threaded holes respectively located on both sides of the first electrode threaded hole. hole. The setting of the above structure makes the clamping rigidity higher when the electrode size is larger; at the same time, if the position of the first electrode threaded hole at the center position is deviated, the second electrode threaded hole can be drilled to make up for it; And when the electrode needs to be provided with a vent hole at the center, etc. and it is not allowed to punch a hole in the center of the electrode, the second electrode threaded hole can be punched for fastening, so that the clamping form of the electrode is diversified.

As a preference, the structural form of the backing plate can also be set such that the backing plate is provided with two backing plate through holes symmetrically distributed about the center of the backing plate and two threaded holes of the backing plate symmetrically distributed about the center of the backing plate, and two long bolts After passing through the through hole of the backing plate and the through hole of the second clamping seat, it is connected with the threaded hole of the second electrode. After passing through the threaded hole of the backing plate, two short bolts are pressed against the bottom surface of the clamping seat. The setting of the above-mentioned structure provides another fastening method, which enables the electrode to withstand greater axial and radial forces, and improves the error correction and operability of the clamping method at the same time.

Preferably, the shape of the protruding structure is triangular pyramid, quadrangular pyramid, hemispherical, quadrangular prism, conical or semi-cylindrical. The improvement here makes the clamping forms of the convex structure and the concave structure diversified, and meets the different requirements for the selection of the convex structure when the hardness and rigidity of the clamping seat material and the electrode material are different.

Preferably, the protruding structures are evenly arranged in a rectangular array on the top surface of the clamping seat, or are arranged radially and evenly spaced on the top surface of the clamping seat with the through hole of the first clamping seat as the center of the circle, or The parallel lines parallel to the side length of the clamping seat are evenly spaced. The arrangement of the above structure can make the force distribution of the electrode more uniform during the pressing process, and the cooperation between the clamping seat and the electrode is more convenient and accurate during the clamping process.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrode clamping method to realize high-precision and rapid clamping of the electrode and the head of the spark machine.

In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the present invention provides an electrode clamping method, comprising the following steps:

Electrode preparation: Use a press to press the raised structure on the top surface of the clamping seat against the bottom surface of the electrode to form a pit structure corresponding to the raised structure on the top surface of the clamping seat, and open an electrode on the bottom surface of the electrode Threaded hole;

Clamping of the clamping seat: the screw of the spark machine head is fastened to the threaded hole of the clamping seat on the bottom surface of the clamping seat, the clamping seat is calibrated by adjusting the spark machine head, the position of the spark machine head is adjusted, and then the mounting The clamping seat performs edge-collision and centering operation;

Clamping of the electrode: the protrusion structure on the top surface of the clamping seat is clamped with the pit structure on the bottom surface of the electrode, the electrode is positioned by the clamping seat, and the electrode and the clamping seat are fastened by the connecting mechanism.

Preferably, the hardness of the clamping seat material is greater than that of the electrode material, and the preferred material of the electrode is red copper. The improvement here makes the electrode clamping device more versatile, which can meet electrode materials of different materials and different stiffnesses, can realize the pressing process of electrodes, and can use the method adopted in this application for clamping.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The electrode clamping device and the electrode clamping method provided by the present invention, through the clamping of the spark machine head and the clamping seat, the clamping seat is calibrated and the side-touching operation is performed, and after the position of the spark machine head is adjusted , the spatial position of the clamping seat is accurately positioned on the spark machine tool, and at the same time, the electrode is accurately positioned on the clamping seat through the matching relationship between the convex structure on the clamping seat and the pit structure on the electrode, and Clamp through the connection mechanism to complete the clamping of the electrode and the head of the spark machine. At the same time, when the electrode needs to be replaced, as long as the long and short bolts of the above-mentioned connecting device are loosened, the electrode can be disassembled from the clamping seat, and another structural form of the electrode can be replaced, and the corresponding connecting device can be used. The clamping operation of the new electrode and the clamping seat can be completed. The technical scheme of the present invention makes it possible to quickly install different structures in the process of clamping the electrode and the spark machine, only needing to calibrate the clamping seat once, and to adjust the position of the spark machine head. The electrodes can be clamped between the electrodes and the head of the spark machine without any calibration and edge-collision operations. This fast and accurate clamping method for electrodes with different structural forms greatly improves the clamping speed and efficiency, reduces the dependence on workers' operating experience, and has higher use efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of an electrode clamping device provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an assembly diagram of an electrode clamping device provided by the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a working state diagram of the press machine involved in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top surface of the clamping seat involved in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom surface of the clamping seat involved in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the first backing plate involved in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first electrode involved in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the second backing plate involved in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the second electrode involved in the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the clamping of the second electrode and the second backing plate involved in the present invention.

11a-11g are schematic diagrams of other protrusion structures on the top surface of the clamping seat involved in the present invention.

In the picture:

1. Electrode; 11 Bottom surface of electrode; 12. Pit structure; 13. Electrode threaded hole; 131. First electrode threaded hole; 132. Second electrode threaded hole;

2. Clamping base; 21. Top surface of clamping base; 22. Protruding structure; 23. Bottom surface of clamping base; 24. Through hole of clamping base; 241. Through hole of first clamping base; 242. Second mounting Clamp seat through hole; 25. Clamp seat threaded hole;

3. Spark machine head; 31. Screw;

4. Connection mechanism; 41. Backing plate; 411. Boss; 412. Backing plate through hole; 413. Backing plate threaded hole; 42. Long bolt; 43. Short bolt;

5. Press machine.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only some structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings but not all structures.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

The purpose of the technical solution of the present invention is to realize the accurate clamping of the electrode 1 and the spark machine head 3. For this reason, the clamping seat 2 and the connecting mechanism 4 are designed as the precise clamping of the spark machine head 3 and the electrode 1. The clamping device, the exploded view of the electrode clamping device is shown in Figure 1. First clamp the clamping base 2 on the screw 31 of the spark machine head, calibrate the clamping base 2, and separate it from the edge of the clamping base 2. In the middle, the positioning operation is realized through the cooperation of the convex structure on the clamping seat 2 and the pit structure on the electrode 1, and the clamping operation is realized by the connecting structure 4, and then the precise clamping of the electrode 1 and the spark machine head 3 is realized. The assembly drawing of the electrode clamping device is shown in Figure 2.

1. The structure of the clamping seat 2

The structural form of the clamping seat 2 is shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the top surface 21 of the clamping seat is provided with a raised structure 22, and the shape of the raised structure 22 can be:

(1) Triangular pyramid shape, as shown in Figure 11b;

(2) quadrangular pyramid shape, as shown in Figure 4;

(3) Hemispherical, as shown in Figure 11c;

(4) quadrangular prism, as shown in Figure 11a, Figure 11e and Figure 11g;

(5) conical, as shown in Figure 11f;

(6) semi-cylindrical, as shown in Figure 11d;

(7) and various combined distributions of different shapes, as shown in Figure 4.

Different protruding structures 22 can diversify the cooperation between the protruding structure 22 and the dimple structure 12, and meet the different requirements for the selection of the protruding structure when the hardness and rigidity of the clamping seat material and the electrode material are different. The structural shape is triangular pyramid and quadrangular pyramid.

The arrangement of the raised structures on the top surface of the clamping seat can be set as follows:

(1) evenly spaced in a rectangular array, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 11c, Figure 11d and Figure 11f;

(2) With the through hole of the first clamping seat as the center of the circle, they are arranged radially and evenly on the top surface of the clamping seat, as shown in Figure 11b and Figure 11g;

(3) Evenly distributed in the form of parallel lines parallel to the side length of the clamping seat, as shown in Figure 11a and Figure 11e.

The preferred way of arrangement is evenly spaced arrangement in the form of rectangular array.

A first clamping seat through hole 241 is provided at the center of the bottom surface 23 of the clamping seat, and a plurality of second clamping seat through holes 242 are evenly arranged on the outside of the first clamping seat through hole 241 with the center position as the center of the circle. Preferably, the number of through holes 242 of the second clamping seat is four, and does not interfere with the raised structure 22 provided on the top surface 21 of the clamping seat; there are multiple threaded holes 25 of the clamping seat, and the above-mentioned central position is the center of the circle , evenly arranged on the outside of the through hole 242 of the second clamping seat, preferably the number of threaded holes of the clamping seat is four. The preferred schemes for the number and distribution of the first clamping seat through hole 241 , the second clamping seat through hole 242 and the clamping seat threaded hole 25 are shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 .

Two, the structural form of the connecting mechanism 4

The structural form of the connecting mechanism 4 is: a backing plate 41, and long bolts 42 and short bolts 43 pierced on the backing plate, and the backing plate 41 can be arranged in two structural forms:

The first type: a boss 411 is provided in the middle of the backing plate 41, which is used to lean against the bottom surface 23 of the clamping seat. The backing plate 41 is provided with two backing plate through holes 412 symmetrically distributed about the center of the backing plate. The first type The structural form of the backing plate is shown in Figure 6;

The second type: the backing plate 41 is provided with two backing plate through holes 412 symmetrically distributed about the backing plate center and two backing plate threaded holes 413 symmetrically distributed about the backing plate center, and the two backing plate through holes 412 are connected with each other. The two threaded holes 413 of the backing plate are connected to each other and distributed in the form of parallelogram diagonals. The structure of the second backing plate is shown in FIG. 8 .

The backing plates of the two structural forms can be freely selected for clamping electrodes of different structural forms, which greatly improves the versatility and operability of the system.

3. The structure of electrode 1

Before the electrode 1 is clamped with the spark machine head 3, the electrode 1 needs to be pre-treated, including the following steps:

Pressing: The working state diagram of the press is shown in Figure 3. The press fixes the bottom surface of the electrode 11 on the operation plane of the press 5 upwards, and fixes the top surface of the clamping seat 2 on the pressure head of the press 5 downwards. Above, the press 5 can press the protruding structure 22 on the bottom surface 11 of the electrode to form a pit because the material of the clamping seat 2 is harder than the material of the electrode 1 by applying an appropriate pressure. Structure 12, at this time, the only precise cooperation between the raised structure 22 on the clamping seat 2 and the pit 12 on the bottom surface of the electrode 11 can realize the precise positioning operation of the clamping seat 2 and the electrode 1;

Threaded hole drilling: remove the electrode 1 from the press 5, and perform threaded hole drilling operation on the electrode bottom surface 11. When the electrode size is small, the threaded hole position can be set at the center of the electrode bottom surface to form the electrode threaded hole 13 , this is the first type of electrode, and the structural diagram of the first type of electrode is shown in Figure 7; when the size of the electrode is large, or the position of the first electrode threaded hole 131 at the center is deviated, or the electrode needs to be in the center If it is not allowed to punch a hole in the center of the electrode, such as setting a vent hole at the center of the electrode, two second electrode threaded holes 132 can be punched on both sides of the first electrode threaded hole 131. This is the second electrode, and the structure of the second electrode The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 9. For the first type of electrode, it is preferred to use the first type of backing plate for clamping; for the second type of electrode, it is preferred to use the second type of backing plate for clamping.

Electrode processing: the bottom surface 11 of the electrode faces downward, and is installed on the processing plane of the CNC milling machine for clamping, and the top surface of the electrode, that is, the working surface, is processed by the milling machine to process electrode products with different structures.

After the above-mentioned electrode processing steps, although the top surface of the electrode can have different structural forms, each electrode bottom surface 11 has a standard positioning structure, that is, the unique pit structure 12 that is precisely matched with the clamping seat 2 and the corresponding electrode thread hole. Therefore, even though the electrodes have different structural forms, they have strong versatility and can be precisely matched with the clamping seat 2 to realize positioning between the two, and realize clamping through the connecting mechanism 4 .

4. The clamping process of electrode 1 and spark machine head 3

Preferred clamping process one:

For the first type of electrode, the clamping process of electrode 1 and spark machine head 3 is mainly divided into two steps:

The first step, the clamping process of the spark machine head 3 and the clamping seat 2

One end of the screw 31 is fixed on the spark machine head 3, and the clamping seat threaded hole 25 on the bottom surface 23 of the clamping seat is threadedly connected with the other end of the screw 31 of the spark machine head to realize the clamping seat 2 and the spark. The clamping operation between the spark machine heads 3; at this time, the clamping seat 2 is calibrated and edged and centered, and then the adjustment mechanism on the spark machine head 3 is adjusted to realize the clamping seat 2 on the spark machine machine tool. precise positioning. That is, after the clamping process of the spark machine head 3 and the clamping seat 2 is completed, the spatial position of the clamping seat 2 on the spark machine machine tool can be determined by controlling the position of the spark machine head.

The second step is the clamping process between the clamping seat 2 and the electrode 1

The convex structure 22 on the top surface 21 of the clamping seat and the concave structure 12 on the bottom surface 11 of the electrode are clamped and matched. Since the convex structure 22 and the concave structure 12 are only and precisely matched, the clamping seat 2 and the concave structure 12 can be realized. Positioning operation between the electrodes 1; then use the above-mentioned first backing plate 41 for fixing operation, put the boss 411 provided in the middle of the backing plate 41 against the bottom surface 23 of the clamping seat, and pass the long bolt 42 through the backing plate The through hole 412 and the through hole 241 of the first clamping seat are connected to the electrode threaded hole 13, and the short bolt 43 is connected to the threaded hole 25 of the clamping seat after passing through the backing plate through hole 412. At this time, the connecting mechanism clamps the clamping seat 2 and the electrode 1, thereby realizing the clamping process of the clamping seat 2 and the electrode 1, that is, the spatial position of the electrode 1 on the spark machine tool can be controlled by controlling the spark machine. determined by the position of the head. The exploded view of the electrode clamping device shown in FIG. 1 and the assembly drawing of the electrode clamping device shown in FIG. 2 use the structure and clamping method of the first preferred clamping process.

Preferred clamping process two:

For the second type of electrode, the clamping process of electrode 1 and spark machine head 3 is mainly divided into two steps:

The first step, the clamping process of the spark machine head 3 and the clamping seat 2

The clamping process is the same as the clamping process in the preferred clamping process 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

The second step, the clamping process between the clamping seat 2 and the electrode 1:

The positioning operation between the clamping seat 2 and the electrode 1 is the same as the method in the above-mentioned preferred clamping process one; the above-mentioned second type of backing plate 41 is used in the clamping operation, and two long bolts 42 are passed through the pad The plate through hole 412 and the second clamping seat through hole 242 are connected with the second electrode threaded hole 132 , and the two short bolts 43 are passed through the backing plate threaded hole 413 and pressed against the bottom surface 23 of the clamping seat. At this time, the connecting mechanism clamps the clamping seat 2 and the electrode 1, thereby realizing the clamping process of the clamping seat 2 and the electrode 1, that is, the spatial position of the electrode 1 on the spark machine machine tool can be controlled by controlling the spark machine head The position of the second electrode and the second backing plate shown in Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the clamping structure, which is the preferred clamping scheme of the second clamping process.

In particular, after the clamping process of the spark machine head 3 and the clamping seat 2 is completed, the electrodes 1 of different structures can be respectively clamped on the adjusted clamping seat 2. The connecting mechanism used for clamping It can be selected according to different structural forms of the electrodes, so as to realize fast and precise clamping of the electrodes 1 with different structural forms. When the electrode needs to be replaced, just loosen the long and short bolts of the above-mentioned connection device, the electrode can be disassembled from the clamping seat, and another structural form of the electrode can be replaced, and the corresponding connection device can be used to complete the new The clamping operation of the electrode and the clamping seat. The technical scheme of the present invention makes it possible to quickly install the different electrodes in the process of clamping the electrode and the spark machine, and only need to calibrate the clamping seat once, adjust the position of the spark machine head, and then carry out the edge-to-center operation. The electrode of the structure does not need to do any calibration and edge-collision and centering operations. It only needs to be clamped with the clamping seat to realize the clamping of the electrode and the head of the spark machine. This fast and accurate clamping method for electrodes with different structural forms greatly improves the clamping speed and efficiency, and reduces the dependence on workers' operating experience.

Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the present invention The scope is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. An electrode clamping device, used for clamping the electrode (1) on the head of the spark machine, the electrode bottom surface (11) is provided with a pit structure (12) and an electrode threaded hole (13); It is characterized in that the electrode clamping device includes: The clamping seat (2), the top surface of the clamping seat (21) is provided with a protruding structure (22), the protruding structure (22) can be engaged with the pit structure (12), and the bottom surface of the clamping seat (23) is provided with a clamping seat through hole (24) and a clamping seat threaded hole (25), and the clamping seat threaded hole (25) can be connected with the screw (31) on the spark machine head (3) ; The connecting mechanism (4) includes a backing plate (41) and long bolts (42) and short bolts (43) pierced on the backing plate (41), and the backing plate (41) is against the bottom surface of the clamping seat ( 23), the long bolt (42) can be connected to the electrode threaded hole (13) on the electrode (1) through the through hole (24) of the clamping seat, and the short bolt (43) can be connected with the The clamping seat (2) is connected; The clamping seat through hole (24) includes a first clamping seat through hole (241) and four second clamping seat through holes (242), and the first clamping seat through hole (241) is set at At the center of the bottom surface (23) of the clamping seat, the four second through holes (242) of the clamping seat are uniformly arranged on the outside of the through hole (241) of the first clamping seat with the center as the center; There are a plurality of threaded holes (25) in the clamping seat, which are evenly arranged on the outside of the through hole (242) of the second clamping seat with the center as the center. 2. The electrode clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is one threaded electrode hole (13) located at the center of the electrode bottom surface (11). 3. The electrode clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that a boss (411) is arranged in the middle of the backing plate (41) for abutting against the bottom surface (23) of the clamping seat, the The backing plate (41) is provided with two backing plate through holes (412) distributed symmetrically about the center of the backing plate, the long bolts (42) pass through the backing plate through holes (412), the first clamping seat through The hole (241) is then connected to the electrode threaded hole (13), and the short bolt (43) is connected to the clamping seat threaded hole (25) after passing through the backing plate through hole (412). 4. The electrode clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that there are three electrode threaded holes (13), including the first electrode threaded hole (131) located at the center of the electrode bottom surface (11), and Two second electrode threaded holes (132) respectively located on both sides of the first electrode threaded hole (131). 5. The electrode clamping device according to claim 4, characterized in that, the backing plate (41) is provided with two backing plate through holes (412) distributed symmetrically about the center of the backing plate (41) and two The backing plate threaded holes (413) distributed symmetrically about the backing plate center, after the two long bolts (42) pass through the backing plate through hole (412) and the second clamping seat through hole (242), Connected with the second electrode threaded hole (132), the two short bolts (43) are pressed against the bottom surface (23) of the clamping seat after passing through the backing plate threaded hole (413). 6. The electrode clamping device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the shape of the protruding structure (22) is triangular pyramid, quadrangular pyramid, hemispherical, quadrangular prism, conical shaped or semi-cylindrical. 7. The electrode clamping device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the protruding structures (22) are evenly spaced in a rectangular array on the top surface (21) of the clamping seat, Or take the through hole (241) of the first clamping seat as the center of the circle, and arrange them radially and evenly on the top surface (21) of the clamping seat, or evenly space them in the form of parallel lines parallel to the side length of the clamping seat. 8. An electrode clamping method, using the electrode clamping device according to any one of claims 1-7 to clamp the electrode (1) on the head of the spark machine, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Electrode preparation: Use a press (5) to press the raised structure (22) on the top surface (21) of the clamping seat against the bottom surface (11) of the electrode to form a The convex structure (22) corresponds to the pit structure (12) one by one, and an electrode threaded hole (13) is provided on the bottom surface of the electrode (11); Clamping of the clamping seat: the screw rod (31) on the spark machine head (3) is fastened to the threaded hole (25) of the clamping seat on the bottom surface (23) of the clamping seat, by adjusting the spark machine head ( 3) Calibrate the clamping seat (2), adjust the position of the spark machine head (3), and then carry out edge-to-center operation on the clamping seat (2); Clamping of the electrode: through the protrusion structure (22) on the top surface (21) of the clamping seat and the pit structure (12) on the bottom surface (11) of the electrode, the clamping seat (2) The electrode (1) is positioned, and the electrode (1) is fastened to the clamping seat (2) by the connecting mechanism (4). 9. The electrode clamping method according to claim 8, characterized in that, the material hardness of the clamping seat (2) is greater than that of the electrode (1), and the material of the electrode (1) is red copper.

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