CN219457676U - Steam-water separator and fuel cell system - Google Patents
Steam-water separator and fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN219457676U CN219457676U CN202320075048.3U CN202320075048U CN219457676U CN 219457676 U CN219457676 U CN 219457676U CN 202320075048 U CN202320075048 U CN 202320075048U CN 219457676 U CN219457676 U CN 219457676U
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- Prior art keywords
- steam
- water
- water separator
- valve
- fuel cell
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and discloses a steam-water separator and a fuel cell system, wherein the steam-water separator comprises: the shell comprises a first side surface and a second side surface which are oppositely arranged; an inlet provided on the first side for introducing a steam-water mixture; a partition plate having a first end disposed below the inlet and a first space between a second end and the second side for guiding liquid water in the steam-water mixture into the lower half space; the baffle plate is obliquely arranged above the baffle plate and used for blocking the hydrogen in the steam-water mixture from flowing to the second side surface; a first valve disposed on the second side for discharging nitrogen in the steam-water mixture; and a second valve, which is arranged at the bottom of the steam-water separator, and is used for discharging the liquid water. The utility model designs the water outlet and the air outlet as two mutually independent openings, thereby realizing the accurate control of the water discharge and the nitrogen discharge and being beneficial to improving the fuel utilization rate and the working stability of the hydrogen fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a steam-water separator and a fuel cell system.
Background
When the hydrogen fuel cell system operates, liquid water and nitrogen of the cathode can permeate to the anode through the proton exchange membrane, and excessive liquid water can cause the problem of flooding of the anode, so that the reaction active area and the fuel transfer capacity are affected; too much nitrogen reduces the anode hydrogen partial pressure, resulting in the "hydrogen starvation" problem. Typically, the nitrogen concentration in the anode cannot exceed 10%. Therefore, proper drainage and exhaust strategies are required to be formulated in the whole operation stage of the system, and the high performance and the long service life of the fuel cell are ensured.
In the prior art, the same valve (such as a tail discharge valve) in the steam-water separator is adopted for simultaneously completing the water discharge and nitrogen discharge. However, the steam-water separator adopting the structure cannot realize the accurate control of water and nitrogen discharge.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a steam-water separator and a fuel cell system, which design a water outlet and an air outlet into two mutually independent openings, thereby realizing the accurate control of the water discharge and the nitrogen discharge and being beneficial to improving the fuel utilization rate and the working stability of a hydrogen fuel cell.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present utility model provides a steam-water separator, comprising: a housing including a first side and a second side disposed opposite each other; an inlet provided on the first side for introducing a steam-water mixture; a baffle plate, a first end of which is arranged below the inlet and a first gap is reserved between a second end of which and the second side surface, and the baffle plate is used for guiding liquid water in the steam-water mixture to enter a lower half space of the steam-water separator; the baffle plate is obliquely arranged above the baffle plate and used for blocking the hydrogen in the steam-water mixture from flowing to the second side surface; a first valve disposed on the second side for discharging nitrogen in the steam-water mixture; and a second valve, which is arranged at the bottom of the steam-water separator, and is used for discharging the liquid water.
Preferably, the steam-water separator further comprises: and the chute is arranged at the bottom of the steam-water separator, the first end face of the chute is connected with the first side face, and a second gap is reserved between the second end face and the second side face.
Preferably, the area of the first end face is larger than the area of the second end face.
Preferably, the second valve is disposed at the second void on the bottom of the steam-water separator.
Preferably, the bottom of the housing is in a downwardly inclined shape as seen in a direction from the first side toward the second side.
Preferably, the second valve is provided at an end of the bottom of the steam-water separator connected to the second side.
Preferably, the first valve and the second valve are solenoid valves.
Preferably, the steam-water separator further comprises: a concentration sensor for detecting the concentration of the nitrogen gas; and/or a liquid level sensor for detecting a liquid level of the liquid water.
Preferably, the steam-water separator further comprises: an outlet configured to be positioned at the top of the steam-water separator for recovering the hydrogen.
Through the technical scheme, the steam-water separator is provided with: a baffle plate, a first end of which is arranged below an inlet on a first side surface and a first gap is reserved between a second end of the baffle plate and a second side surface, and the baffle plate is used for guiding liquid water in the steam-water mixture to enter a lower half space of the steam-water separator; the baffle plate is obliquely arranged above the baffle plate and used for blocking the hydrogen in the steam-water mixture from flowing to the second side surface; a first valve disposed on the second side for discharging nitrogen in the steam-water mixture; the second valve is arranged at the bottom of the steam-water separator and is used for discharging the liquid water, so that the steam-water separator is redesigned, and the water outlet and the air outlet are separated, thereby realizing the accurate control of the water discharge and the nitrogen discharge, and being beneficial to improving the fuel utilization rate and the working stability of the hydrogen fuel cell.
A second aspect of the utility model provides a fuel cell system comprising: the steam-water separator.
Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the utility model and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a steam-water separator according to an embodiment of the present utility model; and
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the utility model, are not intended to limit the utility model.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a steam-water separator according to an embodiment of the present utility model. As shown in fig. 1, the steam-water separator 10 may include: a housing 30, the housing 30 including a first side (e.g., right side) and a second side (e.g., left side) disposed opposite each other; an inlet 21 provided on the first side (e.g., right side) for introducing a steam-water mixture; a partition plate 23, a first end (e.g., right end) of the partition plate 23 is disposed below the inlet 21 and a first gap is left between a second end (e.g., left end) of the partition plate 23 and the second side (e.g., left side) for guiding liquid water in the steam-water mixture into a lower half space of the steam-water separator 10; a baffle (which may be one baffle or a plurality of baffles, e.g., baffles 18, 19, 20) disposed obliquely above the baffle 23 for blocking the flow of hydrogen in the steam-water mixture to the second side (e.g., left side); a first valve (e.g., solenoid valve 16) disposed on the second side (e.g., left side) for discharging nitrogen from the steam-water mixture; and a second valve (e.g., a solenoid valve 15) provided at the bottom of the steam-water separator 10 for discharging the liquid water.
Wherein, first valve with the second valve is the solenoid valve.
To accurately monitor the amount of liquid water and nitrogen within the steam-water separator, in one embodiment, the steam-water separator may further comprise: a concentration sensor for detecting the concentration of the nitrogen gas; and/or a liquid level sensor for detecting a liquid level of the liquid water.
Wherein the concentration sensor 14 may be disposed inside the steam-water separator, for example, the concentration sensor 14 may be disposed on a top, a first side, or a second side of the steam-water separator. The level sensor 13 may be arranged inside the steam-water separator, for example, the level sensor 13 is arranged on the second side and the level sensor 13 is located at a lower level than the second end (e.g. left end) of the partition 23.
Therefore, the embodiment can directly monitor the liquid level and the nitrogen partial pressure in the steam-water separator around the difficulty of theoretical calculation of the water content and the nitrogen concentration, and can formulate a drainage and exhaust control strategy of the fuel cell in the whole operation stage (starting, carrying and purging) according to the liquid level and the nitrogen partial pressure.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure the accuracy of the anode drainage and the nitrogen removal of the fuel cell at the same time, the steam-water separator is redesigned, the water outlet (second valve) and the air outlet (second valve) are separated, and the liquid level sensor and the nitrogen concentration sensor are integrated to realize the accurate control process of the anode drainage and the nitrogen removal.
In an embodiment, the steam-water separator 10 may further include: a chute 24 disposed at the bottom of the steam-water separator 10, a first end surface (a surface) of the chute 24 being connected to the first side surface (e.g., right side surface) and a second end surface (B surface) being spaced apart from the second side surface (e.g., left side surface).
Wherein the area of the first end face is larger than the area of the second end face.
Wherein the area of the first end surface (A surface) is larger than the area of the second end surface (B surface). That is, the inclined groove 24 has a similar inclination tendency to the partition plate 23. The inclined design of the partition plate 23 enables liquid water in the air flow process to fall into the water storage volume under the action of gravity for temporary storage, and the inclined design of the chute enables water at the bottom of the water storage volume to be discharged more easily so as to prevent water from accumulating in the container.
Accordingly, wherein the second valve (e.g., solenoid valve 15) is disposed at the second void on the bottom of the steam-water separator 10. Since the inclined design of the partition 23 and the chute 24 allows water to accumulate in the second space, the provision of the second valve (e.g., the solenoid valve 15) in the second space facilitates the drainage of water to prevent water from accumulating in the container.
In another embodiment, the bottom of the housing is in a downwardly sloping shape as seen in a direction from the first side to the second side.
Accordingly, the second valve is provided at an end of the bottom of the steam-water separator connected to the second side surface.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, a chute is provided at the bottom of the steam-water separator to prevent water from collecting inside the container. In the present embodiment, however, the bottom of the steam-water separator is directly designed in an inclined shape (not shown), and the inclined shape is similar to the inclination trend of the partition 23, so that the second valve (e.g., the solenoid valve 15) on the bottom of the steam-water separator next to the second side (e.g., the left side) more effectively discharges the water in the container.
As shown in fig. 1, the steam-water separator may further include: an outlet 22, arranged on top of the steam-water separator 10, for recovering the hydrogen.
More specifically, the steam-water separator 10 is divided into upper and lower parts by a partition plate 23: the upper half space is a gas-water mixture channel, and the lower half space is a water storage volume. A nitrogen concentration sensor 14 and a liquid level sensor 13 are respectively arranged on the upper side of the channel and the left side of the water storage volume. When the fuel cell works, a hydrogen-water mixture at the anode outlet of the electric pile enters through an inlet 21 of a steam-water separator, hydrogen flows along a flow channel formed by a baffle plate 18, a baffle plate 19 and a baffle plate 20, a solenoid valve 16 is arranged on the left side and is used as a nitrogen discharge port, and an outlet 22 of the steam-water separator is connected with a circulating pump 12 (shown in figure 2) so as to recycle unreacted hydrogen; the liquid water in the air flow process falls into the water storage volume under the action of gravity for temporary storage, the chute 24 at the bottom of the water storage volume is designed to prevent water from gathering in the container, the tail end of the chute 24 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 15, and the outlet of the electromagnetic valve 15 is only used as a water outlet, as shown in fig. 1.
The above embodiments integrate a liquid level sensor and a nitrogen concentration sensor into the steam-water separator 10, and directly monitor the liquid level and nitrogen partial pressure inside the steam-water separator, thereby laying a foundation for formulating a water-draining and air-exhausting control strategy for the whole stage of the operation (start-up, load-carrying and purge) of the fuel cell, bypassing the difficulty of theoretical calculation of water content and nitrogen concentration.
In summary, the present utility model provides a steam-water separator with: a baffle plate, a first end of which is arranged below an inlet on a first side surface and a first gap is reserved between a second end of the baffle plate and a second side surface, and the baffle plate is used for guiding liquid water in the steam-water mixture to enter a lower half space of the steam-water separator; the baffle plate is obliquely arranged above the baffle plate and used for blocking the hydrogen in the steam-water mixture from flowing to the second side surface; a first valve disposed on the second side for discharging nitrogen in the steam-water mixture; the second valve is arranged at the bottom of the steam-water separator and is used for discharging the liquid water, so that the steam-water separator is redesigned, and the water outlet and the air outlet are separated, thereby realizing the accurate control of the water discharge and the nitrogen discharge, and being beneficial to improving the fuel utilization rate and the working stability of the hydrogen fuel cell.
An embodiment of the present utility model also provides a fuel cell system including: the steam-water separator.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen bottle 1 provides a high-pressure hydrogen source, and enters a hydrogen gas inlet combination valve (comprising a stop valve 3, a proportional valve 4 and a pressure relief valve 5) through a pressure relief valve 2, and the inlet pressure is further regulated and controlled to enable the hydrogen gas pressure to reach the stack inlet pressure requirement (generally 120-250 kPa), and the pressure relief valve 5 can select the relief pressure (such as 300 kPa) according to the requirement to prevent the inlet hydrogen from being over-pressurized. Then hydrogen enters the pile 7 to generate electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and pressure sensors 6 and 9 are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet. The bypass valve 8 is used for air purge. The hydrogen enters a steam-water separator 10 through an outlet to separate liquid water, nitrogen and hydrogen, and the hydrogen is sent to the electric pile 7 again through a circulation stop valve 11 and a circulation pump 12. In addition, the liquid level sensor 13 and the nitrogen concentration sensor 14 in the steam-water separator 10 monitor the liquid level height and the nitrogen volume fraction in real time, and the control device controls the electromagnetic valve 16 to exhaust and the electromagnetic valve 15 to drain according to the sensor feedback signals, and finally the discharged part is discharged to the external environment after the mixer 17 is converged.
The fuel cell system in the various embodiments of the utility model may be a hydrogen fuel cell system.
The preferred embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present utility model within the scope of the technical concept of the present utility model, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the utility model can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A steam-water separator, characterized in that the steam-water separator comprises:
a housing including a first side and a second side disposed opposite each other;
an inlet provided on the first side for introducing a steam-water mixture;
a baffle plate, a first end of which is arranged below the inlet and a first gap is reserved between a second end of which and the second side surface, and the baffle plate is used for guiding liquid water in the steam-water mixture to enter a lower half space of the steam-water separator;
the baffle plate is obliquely arranged above the baffle plate and used for blocking the hydrogen in the steam-water mixture from flowing to the second side surface;
a first valve disposed on the second side for discharging nitrogen in the steam-water mixture; and
and the second valve is arranged at the bottom of the steam-water separator and is used for discharging the liquid water.
2. The steam-water separator of claim 1, further comprising:
and the chute is arranged at the bottom of the steam-water separator, the first end face of the chute is connected with the first side face, and a second gap is reserved between the second end face and the second side face.
3. The steam-water separator of claim 2, wherein the first end face has an area greater than an area of the second end face.
4. The steam-water separator of claim 2, wherein the second valve is disposed at the second void on the bottom of the steam-water separator.
5. The steam-water separator of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the housing is downwardly sloped as viewed from the direction of the first side toward the second side.
6. The steam-water separator of claim 5, wherein the second valve is disposed at an end of the bottom of the steam-water separator that is connected to the second side.
7. The steam-water separator of claim 1, wherein the first valve and the second valve are solenoid valves.
8. The steam-water separator of claim 1, further comprising:
a concentration sensor for detecting the concentration of the nitrogen gas; and/or
And the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level height of the liquid water.
9. The steam-water separator of claim 1, further comprising:
an outlet configured to be positioned at the top of the steam-water separator for recovering the hydrogen.
10. A fuel cell system, characterized in that the fuel cell system comprises: the steam-water separator according to any one of claims 1-9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320075048.3U CN219457676U (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Steam-water separator and fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320075048.3U CN219457676U (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Steam-water separator and fuel cell system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219457676U true CN219457676U (en) | 2023-08-01 |
Family
ID=87388822
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320075048.3U Active CN219457676U (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Steam-water separator and fuel cell system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219457676U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-01-10 CN CN202320075048.3U patent/CN219457676U/en active Active
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of utility model: Soda separator and fuel cell system Effective date of registration: 20231205 Granted publication date: 20230801 Pledgee: ZOOMLION Group Finance Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: ZOOMLION HEAVY INDUSTRY SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980069645 |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |