CN219452732U - Combined spring force reducer and collision-reducing and shock-absorbing device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A combined spring force reducer and a collision-reducing and shock-absorbing device thereof belong to the technical field of springs. The device consists of a spring and an inclined plane combination or a sliding block and an inclined spring combination, and is formed by a mode of decomposing force by transversely extruding and turning the direction: a. a combined internal elastic force reducer; or b, a combined external elastic force reducer; or C, combined side elasticity force reducer; or d, a combined pulling elastic force reducer. The working principle of the elastic force reducer is as follows: the impact force of the longitudinal force is deviant into a transverse force, thereby reducing the pressure or impact force. The combined spring force reducer is made into a collision-reducing and shock-absorbing device which is used on a vehicle, and the up-and-down bumping amplitude of the vehicle body can be reduced when the road is uneven. The collision of the vehicle can reduce the damage of the vehicle and protect the safety of passengers compared with the prior collision reducing device. The anti-collision device is used for reducing the speed and the collision of the elevator shaft bottom, and can change the falling force to decompose and reduce the collision force between the elevator and the shaft bottom when the elevator falls out of control, thereby effectively protecting the safety of the elevator and passengers.

Description

Combined spring force reducer and collision-reducing and shock-absorbing device thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a combined spring force reducer and a collision-reducing and shock-absorbing device thereof, belonging to the technical field of springs and applications.

Background

The destructive forces at the time of a crash or collision are mainly the momentum or impulse from the moving vehicle. The existing spiral spring only has the function of buffering, and does not decompose and reduce momentum or impulse, so that the tragic degree of the collision site of the vehicle can be known.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the problems in the prior art and further provides a combined spring force reducer and a collision and shock absorption device thereof.

The utility model aims at realizing the following technical scheme:

a combined spring force reducer consists of a spring and an inclined plane or a sliding block and an inclined spring, and is formed by dividing the force by transverse extrusion and direction change: a. a combined internal elastic force reducer; or b, a combined external elastic force reducer; or C, combined side elasticity force reducer; or d, a combined pulling elastic force reducer.

A combined internal elastic force reducer consists of a plate spring and a triangular sliding block, wherein the section of the plate spring is C-shaped, an opening of the plate spring faces to the tip of the triangular sliding block, and the plate spring is matched with the triangular sliding block to form a damping spring I.

A combined internal elastic force reducer consists of a triangular sliding block, two groove plates and a C-shaped spring, wherein the triangular sliding block is arranged between the two groove plates, the triangular sliding block and the two groove plates are connected into a whole, a space between the two groove plates is a spring sliding groove, an opening of the C-shaped spring faces to the tip of the triangular sliding block, the C-shaped spring is matched with the triangular sliding block, and the C-shaped spring is in sliding connection with the spring sliding groove to form a damping spring II.

The combined inner elastic force reducer consists of a plate spring, a triangular sliding block, shaft seats and needle bearings, wherein the cross section of the plate spring is C-shaped, an opening of the plate spring faces to the tip of the triangular sliding block, two shaft seats are arranged on each side of two sides of the opening of the plate spring, the needle bearings are arranged between the two shaft seats on each side, and the needle bearings are in rolling connection with inclined planes of the triangular sliding block.

The utility model provides a subtract and hit shock-absorbing device by combination formula internal spring force reducer preparation, by the upper plate, the hypoplastron, two first springs, four springs second and four stop device constitute, upper plate and hypoplastron parallel arrangement each other, two first springs, four springs second and four stop device set up respectively between upper plate and hypoplastron, four springs second set up the four corner positions between upper plate and the hypoplastron, two first springs set up the intermediate position between upper plate and the hypoplastron, four stop device distributes between upper plate and hypoplastron outside two springs, the triangle-shaped slider in first springs and the second springs all is with hypoplastron fixed connection, plate spring and the upper plate fixed connection in the first springs, the upper end of C shape spring in the second springs all contacts with the inboard of upper plate, stop device comprises screw rod, the pipe, nut and nut, the inner chamber of pipe is the sliding chamber, the one end of screw rod is connected with the nut with the hypoplastron fixed connection, the other end of pipe and nut sliding connection of screw rod one end, the screw rod other end is by nut fixed connection with the upper plate.

A combined external elastic force reducer consists of a triangular groove slide block and a U-shaped plate spring, wherein the opening end of the U-shaped plate spring is matched with the opening end of the triangular groove slide block.

A combined external elastic force reducer consists of a plate spring, two shafts, four bearings and a frame, wherein the two shafts are symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the inner side of the frame, two bearings are arranged on each shaft, and two sides of the plate spring are in rolling connection with the bearings.

A combined side elastic force reducer consists of a half plate spring and a half triangular sliding block, wherein the lower end of the half plate spring is in friction connection with the inclined plane of the half triangular sliding block.

A combined side elastic force reducer consists of an inclined spring plate (or a round stick spring) and a sliding block, wherein the sliding block is in friction connection with the inclined surface of the inclined spring plate.

A combined pull elastic force reducer consists of a claw-shaped fork plate spring, a flat sliding block and a pull rod, wherein a flat sliding groove is formed in the flat sliding block, the claw-shaped fork plate spring is in sliding connection with the flat sliding block through the flat sliding groove, and one end of the pull rod is fixed at the middle position in the flat sliding groove.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the combined inner elastic force reducer, the combined outer elastic force reducer, the combined side elastic force reducer and/or the combined pulling elastic force reducer are 1 used on a vehicle, and when a road is uneven, the up-and-down bumping amplitude of the vehicle body is greatly smaller, so that riding is more comfortable. 2. The collision device can reduce the damage of the vehicle and protect the safety of passengers more than the prior collision reducing device when the vehicle collides. 3. The elevator shaft bottom buffer pad is used for reducing the speed and the collision of the elevator shaft bottom, and when the elevator falls out of control, the falling force can be changed to decompose and reduce the collision force between the elevator and the shaft bottom, so that the safety of the elevator and passengers is effectively protected.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a combined internal elastic force reducer according to the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a view in the direction a of fig. 1. The direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 2 is the direction of force transmission.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another combined internal spring force reducer according to the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a B-direction view of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a structural perspective view of the triangular slider and the slot plate.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a third combined internal elastic force reducer according to the present utility model.

Fig. 7 is a view in the direction C of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a triangular slide block, a circular tube and a lower plate in a shock absorbing device prepared by the combined internal elastic force reducer.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the structure of the shock absorbing device.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a limiting device.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a combined external spring force reducer according to the present utility model.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of another combined external elastic force reducer according to the present utility model.

Fig. 13 is a D-D cross-sectional view of fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a combined side elastic force reducer according to the present utility model.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of another combined side elastic force reducer according to the present utility model.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a combined pull elastic force reducer according to the present utility model.

Fig. 17 is a sectional view of E-E of fig. 16.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 is an upper plate, 2 is a plate spring, 3 is a triangular slide block (sharp angle wedge), 4 is a lower plate, 5 is a groove plate, 6 is a spring sliding groove, 7 is a screw rod, 8 is a round tube, 9 is a slide block (nut), 10 is a sliding cavity, 11 is a nut, 12 is a C-shaped spring, 13 is a shaft seat, 14 is a needle bearing, 15 is a triangular groove slide block, 16 is a U-shaped plate spring, 17 is a frame, 18 is an oblique spring plate, 19 is a slide block, 20 is a spring I, 21 is a claw fork-shaped plate spring, 22 is a flat slide block, 23 is a pull rod, 24 is a flat slide groove, 25 is a shaft, 26 is a bearing, and 30 is a spring II.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present utility model, and a detailed implementation is given, but the scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

A combined spring force reducer consists of a spring and an inclined plane or a sliding block and an inclined spring, and is formed by dividing the force by transverse extrusion and direction change: a. a combined internal elastic force reducer; or b, a combined external elastic force reducer; or C, combined side elasticity force reducer; or d, a combined pulling elastic force reducer.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a combined internal elastic force reducer is composed of a plate spring 2 and a triangular sliding block 3, wherein the section of the plate spring 2 is in a C shape (or flat C shape), the opening of the plate spring 2 faces to the tip of the triangular sliding block 3, and the plate spring 2 and the triangular sliding block 3 are matched to form a damping spring I20.

The width of the leaf spring 2 is equal to or smaller than the width of the triangular slide 3.

The width of the leaf spring 2 is equal to or greater than the width of the triangular slider 3.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, a combined internal elastic force reducer is composed of a triangular sliding block 3, two groove plates 5 and a C-shaped spring 12, wherein the triangular sliding block 3 is arranged between the two groove plates 5, the triangular sliding block 3 and the two groove plates 5 are connected into a whole, a space between the two groove plates 5 is a spring sliding groove 6, an opening of the C-shaped spring 12 faces to the tip of the triangular sliding block 3, the C-shaped spring 12 is matched with the triangular sliding block 3, and the C-shaped spring 12 is in sliding connection with the spring sliding groove 6 to form a damping spring two 30.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a combined internal elastic force reducer is composed of a plate spring 2, a triangular sliding block 3, shaft seats 13 and needle bearings 14, wherein the cross section of the plate spring 2 is in a C shape (or flat C shape), an opening of the plate spring 2 faces to the tip of the triangular sliding block 3, two shaft seats 13 are arranged (in bolt connection) on each side of the opening of the plate spring 2, the needle bearings 14 are arranged between the two shaft seats 13 on each side, and the needle bearings 14 are in rolling connection with inclined planes of the triangular sliding block 3.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 8 to 10, a shock absorbing device for reducing collision, which is prepared by a combined internal elastic force reducer, is composed of an upper plate 1, a lower plate 4, two first springs 20, four second springs 30 and four limiting devices, wherein the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 4 are arranged in parallel up and down, the two first springs 20, the four second springs 30 and the four limiting devices are respectively arranged between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 4, the four second springs 30 are arranged at four corners between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 4, the two first springs 20 are arranged at the middle position between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 4, the four limiting devices are distributed between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 4 outside the two first springs 20, sharp angle wedges 3 in the first springs 20 and the second springs 30 are fixedly connected (welded or bolted) with the lower plate 4, the plate springs 2 in the first springs 20 are fixedly connected (bolted) with the upper plate 1, and the upper ends (the backs of C-shaped springs 12 in the second springs 30) are contacted with the inner sides of the upper plate 1.

The limiting device consists of a screw rod 7 (telescopic rod), a circular tube 8, a screw cap 9 and a nut 11, wherein the inner cavity of the circular tube 8 is a sliding cavity 10, one end of the screw rod 7 is connected with the screw cap 9, one end of the circular tube 8 is fixedly connected (welded) with the lower plate 4, the other end of the circular tube 8 is slidably connected with the screw cap 9 at one end of the screw rod 7, and the other end of the screw rod 7 is fixedly connected with the upper plate 1 through the nut 11.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment is a combined external elastic force reducer, which is composed of a triangular groove slider 15 and a U-shaped plate spring 16, wherein the open end of the U-shaped plate spring 16 is matched with the open end of the triangular groove slider 15. The embodiment belongs to a combined external elastic force reducer, under the action of external force (pressure, thrust and impact force), two ends of the opening end of a U-shaped plate spring 16 are in friction (sliding) connection with two inclined planes of a triangular groove slide block 15, two ends of the U-shaped plate spring 16 slide towards the tip by the two inclined planes of the triangular groove slide block 15, and two ends of the U-shaped plate spring 16 generate an outward elastic force, so that the force is transversely decomposed, and the longitudinal destructive force during impact is reduced or eliminated.

Example 6

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the present embodiment is a combined external elastic force reducer, which is composed of a plate spring 2, two shafts 25, four bearings 26 and a frame 17, wherein the two shafts 25 are symmetrically installed at the lower part of the inner side of the frame 17, two bearings 26 are installed on each shaft, and two sides of the plate spring 2 are in rolling connection with the bearings 26. The working principle of the combined external elastic force reducer of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 5, except that the rolling connection is used for replacing the friction connection.

Example 7

As shown in fig. 14, a combined side elastic force reducer of the present embodiment is composed of a half plate spring 2 and a half triangular slide block 3, wherein the lower end of the half plate spring 2 is in friction connection with the inclined surface of the half triangular slide block 3. The combined side elastic force reducer of the embodiment is similar to the embodiment 1, and the plate spring 2 and the triangular sliding block 3 are half, so that the combined side elastic force reducer can be used in occasions with small volume or light impact force.

Example 8

As shown in fig. 15, a combined side elastic force reducer of the present embodiment is composed of a diagonal spring plate 18 (or round stick spring) and a slider 19, and the slider 19 is frictionally connected with the diagonal surface of the diagonal spring plate 18.

Example 9

As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the present embodiment is a combined pull elastic force reducer, which is composed of a claw-shaped fork-shaped plate spring 21, a flat sliding block 22 and a pull rod 23, wherein a flat sliding groove 24 is formed in the flat sliding block 22, the claw-shaped fork-shaped plate spring 21 is slidably connected with the flat sliding block 22 through the flat sliding groove 24, and one end of the pull rod 23 is fixed (welded) at a middle position in the flat sliding groove 24. The combined pulling elastic force reducer of the embodiment is suitable for safety belts.

Combined spring force reducer (vehicle collision absorber)

In order to reduce the casualties and the vehicle loss during the collision, the utility model particularly discloses a collision damper and a vehicle safety belt. The spring is directly, independently and singly acted by elastic force; the damping effect is not strong because the momentum (impact force) in the impact direction is not reduced, which corresponds to the damping of only an elastic impact into an inelastic impact. If a spring and wedge or slider combination is used to make a force reducing assembly, the direction of the impact force (momentum) can be changed to decompose and reduce the impact force or impact pulling force. The core of the utility model is that the impact force can be decomposed and converted into spring force by using the combination of oblique iron (or sliding block) and oblique (or zigzag) spring to transversely press each other to change the direction of the impact force. The effect is to greatly reduce the destructive nature of the impact forces. Only the impact force is required to be reduced from the original source, so that the impact force can be redirected and decomposed; to change the direction of the force, only the springs are squeezed laterally, which must be accomplished with a ramp (one of the slides) or a combination of ramp springs. It can be seen that only with the combined spring (e.g., C <) direction-changing force-reducing method of the present utility model, a single function (e.g., slat or coil) spring can be replaced and the shock absorbing effect improved-this combined method has the necessity of improving the shock absorbing effect. The force reducer combined by the method is novel, and a novel working principle is generated after the prior combination method, so that the force reducer can be combined into a direction-changing force reducer with inner elasticity C <, outer elasticity C > or lateral elasticity; the device can be made into a pressure force reducer or a tension direction-changing force reducer. For example, the inclined plane of the sharp angle iron wedge is used for extruding the C-shaped spring (C <) outwards transversely, so as to decompose the longitudinal impact force into a transversely inward spring force (an inner elastic force reducer); or the groove iron is used for inwards extruding the C-shaped spring C > (the spring force outwards) so as to change the stress direction and synchronously decompose and reduce the punching force or the punching pull force. The combined force reducing assembly can be manufactured into a bumper or a pull-down device. The purpose and effect are that the direction of the force can be changed to reduce the destructive force or vibration force when the collision happens.

1. Combined transverse collision damper

The breaking force at the time of collision or being bumped is mainly momentum or impulse from the moving vehicle, and if the direction of the momentum (force) is changed, the impact breaking force in the original moving direction can be reduced when the vehicle is bumped. For example, when a billiard ball is hit and a contact joint between two balls is hit at the same time, the momentum of the billiard ball is absorbed by the balls (the balls are hit) and then rolls to the left and right directions respectively, and after the momentum of the billiard ball is decomposed and absorbed, the forward impact movement of the billiard ball is stopped. This illustrates that the longitudinal force is a force that can be largely resolved into a lateral force-! When the automobile collides with the collision damper, the sharp angle wedge iron is inserted into the C-shaped spring (C <) to redirect and decompose the collision force into two transverse spring forces, and the automobile is immediately stopped because of sudden reduction of momentum (collision force), and meanwhile, the damage of the collision is greatly relieved (note that the momentum is not lost but changed in direction by the force reducer C <). According to the method for redirecting and decomposing the impact force of the combined part, a plurality of force reducers can be used for manufacturing a more effective combined type impact reducer for decomposing and reducing the impact force of a vehicle, and the impact reducer can replace and greatly improve the function of a bumper. The transverse collision damper consists of a plurality of C-shaped springs and a force damper with sharp angle wedge iron (C <); the impact force of several tons needs to be reduced when crashing, and the size and the number of the components can be controlled in a combined way. The C-shaped spring of the flat spring component is made of a flat spring steel plate, and the round spring component is made of a round spring steel bar; the sharp angle wedge iron is made of common steel or wear-resistant metal. The whole structure of the buffer is that a bottom plate is linked with a vehicle, and 1, wedge irons of two plate spring assemblies are welded on the longitudinal axis of the bottom plate front and back. 2. Two C-shaped plate springs are bolted to the corresponding positions of the upper plate, and the openings are parallel to the transverse axis of the upper plate. 3. And then wedge irons of the four round spring assemblies are welded at two ends of the bottom plate respectively. 4. Four telescopic height limiting rods and surrounding barriers are welded. The advantage of this construction is that the round spring is not fixed and is movable relative to the upper plate, so that the upper plate can slide or rotate slightly in a lateral direction when it is impacted obliquely so as to cope with the impact obliquely.

2. Single-group vertical collision damper

The collision reduction and shock absorption of the vehicle are essentially the same thing to reduce the impact force. The collision is difficult to prevent, but the impact force of the collision of the vehicle to the convex-concave objects on the road surface can be reduced and prevented in advance; or the shock absorbing performance of the vehicle can be greatly improved. When the wheel is stamped up the step at a high speed, the upward impact force of the wheel can lead the car body to jolt up and down severely, and the reaction force of the wheel can lead the wheel to be damaged. The damping effect of the original vehicle is not ideal because the spring lath or the spiral spring only has a direct single action on the impact force of the spring, and the damping effect can only slow down the force which can not be changed; that is, the momentum in the original direction of motion is not reduced. When the C-shaped spring wedge component force reducing device is additionally arranged, the upward impact force can be basically eliminated after being decomposed into horizontal force deformation by the spring, so that the up-and-down bumping amplitude of the automobile body can be greatly reduced.

The force reducer can be made into a pressure force reducer and a tension force reducer. The vertical shock absorber can be manufactured into three types, namely 1, the internal elastic force reducer C < (elastic force is inward) is formed by combining a C-shaped spring and a sharp angle wedge iron. The method is characterized by simplicity and low cost. 2. The external elastic force reducer C > (elastic force outwards) is composed of a C-shaped spring, channel steel and a bearing. The friction force is small and durable, and the elastic force multiplication effect is achieved. The working principle is that when the C-shaped spring part is inserted into the channel steel, the opening of the C-shaped spring is closed, and then the top end of the C-shaped spring and two fulcrums at the opening are arranged, so that the elastic force is multiplied by the cooperation effect. 3. The side elastic force reducer consists of a zigzag spring, a sliding block and a bearing as shown in the figure. The friction force is small, simple and durable. The tension force reducer only changes the pressure force into the tension force; the structure consists of a V-shaped spring and a hollow sliding block as shown in the figure. The transverse buffer can make the vehicle stop quickly when the vehicle collides with an object, but the driver and the passenger still have great forward-impact speed, so that the safety belt protection with the tension buffer is necessary.

In the foregoing, the present utility model is merely preferred embodiments, which are based on different implementations of the overall concept of the utility model, and the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily come within the technical scope of the present utility model as those skilled in the art should not fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A combined spring force reducer is characterized by comprising a spring and an inclined plane or a sliding block and an inclined spring, and a mode of decomposing force by transversely extruding and turning the sliding block and the inclined spring is adopted: a. a combined internal elastic force reducer; or b, a combined external elastic force reducer; or C, combined side elasticity force reducer; or d, a combined pulling elastic force reducer.

2. The combined spring force reducer according to claim 1, wherein the combined internal elastic force reducer consists of a plate spring (2) and a triangular sliding block (3), the cross section of the plate spring (2) is C-shaped, an opening of the plate spring (2) faces to the tip of the triangular sliding block (3), and the plate spring (2) is matched with the triangular sliding block (3) to form a damping spring I (20).

3. The combined spring force reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the combined internal elastic force reducer is composed of a triangular sliding block (3), two groove plates (5) and a C-shaped spring (12), wherein the triangular sliding block (3) is arranged between the two groove plates (5), the triangular sliding block (3) and the two groove plates (5) are connected into a whole, a space between the two groove plates (5) is a spring sliding groove (6), an opening of the C-shaped spring (12) faces to the tip of the triangular sliding block (3), the C-shaped spring (12) is matched with the triangular sliding block (3), and the C-shaped spring (12) is in sliding connection with the spring sliding groove (6) to form a spring II (30).

4. The combined spring force reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the combined inner elastic force reducer consists of a plate spring (2), a triangular sliding block (3), shaft seats (13) and needle bearings (14), the cross section of the plate spring (2) is C-shaped, an opening of the plate spring (2) faces the tip of the triangular sliding block (3), two shaft seats (13) are arranged on each side of the opening of the plate spring (2), the needle bearings (14) are arranged between the two shaft seats (13) on each side, and the needle bearings (14) are in rolling connection with inclined planes of the triangular sliding block (3).

5. The combined spring force reducer according to claim 1, wherein the combined external elastic force reducer is composed of a triangular groove slide block (15) and a U-shaped plate spring (16), and the opening end of the U-shaped plate spring (16) is matched with the opening end of the triangular groove slide block (15).

6. The combined spring force reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the combined external elastic force reducer consists of a plate spring (2), two shafts (25), four bearings (26) and a frame (17), wherein the two shafts (25) are symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the inner side of the frame (17), two bearings (26) are arranged on each shaft, and two sides of the plate spring (2) are in rolling connection with the bearings (26).

7. The combined spring force reducer according to claim 1, wherein the combined side elastic force reducer is composed of a half plate spring (2) and a half triangular sliding block (3), and the lower end of the half plate spring (2) is in friction connection with the inclined surface of the half triangular sliding block (3).

8. The combined spring force reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the combined side spring force reducer consists of a diagonal spring plate (18) and a slider (19), the slider (19) being in frictional connection with the diagonal surface of the diagonal spring plate (18).

9. The combined spring force reducer according to claim 1, wherein the combined pulling force reducer consists of a claw fork-shaped plate spring (21), a flat sliding block (22) and a pull rod (23), a flat sliding groove (24) is formed in the flat sliding block (22), the claw fork-shaped plate spring (21) is in sliding connection with the flat sliding block (22) through the flat sliding groove (24), and one end of the pull rod (23) is fixed at the middle position in the flat sliding groove (24).

10. A shock absorbing device prepared by the combined spring force reducer according to claim 2 or 3 is characterized by comprising an upper plate (1), a lower plate (4), two first springs (20), four second springs (30) and four limiting devices, wherein the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (4) are arranged in parallel up and down, the two first springs (20), the four second springs (30) and the four limiting devices are respectively arranged between the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (4), the four second springs (30) are arranged at four corners between the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (4), the two first springs (20) are arranged at the middle position between the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (4), the four limiting devices are distributed between the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (4) at the outer sides of the two first springs (20), triangular sliding blocks (3) in the first springs (20) and the second springs (30) are fixedly connected with the lower plate (4), the plate springs (2) in the first springs (20) are fixedly connected with the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (4), the two springs (2) are fixedly connected with the upper plate (1) and the upper plate (2) and the upper plate (12) are fixedly connected with the upper plate (8) and the upper plate (8) are formed by threaded nuts (8) and the inner side (8) are respectively, one end of the screw rod (7) is connected with a screw cap (9), one end of the round tube (8) is fixedly connected with the lower plate (4), the other end of the round tube (8) is slidably connected with the screw cap (9) at one end of the screw rod (7), and the other end of the screw rod (7) is fixedly connected with the upper plate (1) through a screw nut (11).