CN219331866U - Temporary pedicle screw - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a temporary pedicle screw, relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a temporary pedicle screw for treating thoracolumbar flattening and explosive fracture. The utility model is an integrated structure composed of a nail body, an extension rod and a nail tail; the nail body is of a thread structure; the extension rod is of a polished rod structure; guide pin holes with the diameter of 1.7mm are arranged in the two; the inside of the nail tail is provided with a nail feeding device hole; the upper nailing device hole is communicated with the guide pin hole and is coaxially processed; the nail body is of a thread structure with the length of 50mm, and the nail head part of the nail body is of a self-tapping structure with self-tapping threads; the length of the extension rod is 30-40-50mm; the length of the tail of the nail is 80mm, and a rod penetrating hole is arranged at a position close to the rear end part of the nail; the position of the rod penetrating hole in the nailing device hole is provided with an internal thread. The technical scheme of the utility model solves the problems of large incision, root nails left in the body, secondary damage to patients, slow recovery and the like of the existing pedicle screw operation in the prior art, and needs to take out the nails, rods, jackscrews and other instruments left in the body through secondary operation.

Description

Temporary pedicle screw

Technical Field

The utility model discloses a temporary pedicle screw, relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a temporary pedicle screw for treating thoracolumbar flattening and explosive fracture.

Background

The patients with the thoracolumbar fracture with relative osteoporosis mainly have the following types; firstly, the common vertebral fracture, the vertebral body has slight flattening; secondly, severely crushed vertebral fracture; thirdly, a crushed fracture accompanied by a fracture of the posterior wall.

The first fracture can be spread by a balloon and fixed by bone cement, so that the postoperative vertebral body height recovery is ideal, the patient movement is not limited, the pain is obviously relieved, and the clinical satisfaction is very high.

The second fracture can be spread and fixed by implanting pedicle screws, and can be spread by using a balloon, and is matched with bone cement for fixation, because the vertebral body is severely flattened, the balloon spreading force is not large and has elasticity, the final vertebral body height recovery is not ideal, although pain of a patient is still obviously relieved by bone cement fixation, the activity is not limited, but the risk of adjacent vertebral fracture is increased, the pedicle fixation has the risk of nail pulling although the spreading force is large and the vertebral body height recovery is ideal, the bone of the patient is relatively loose, the bone spreading and the postoperative activity are both carried out in the operation, the operation fails, and the pedicle spreading and the fixation of the patient face the problems of slow recovery, late bed taking, more bleeding, implant taking out by secondary hospitalization operation and the like, so that certain trouble is brought to the patient and doctors.

The third fracture is currently only distracted and fixed through the pedicle, and the advantages and disadvantages of this procedure are pointed out above.

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the research and design of a novel temporary pedicle screw is necessary to overcome the problems in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the prior art, the existing pedicle screw has large surgical incision, the root screw is left in the body, and the instruments such as the nail, the rod, the jackscrew and the like in the left body are required to be taken out for secondary surgery, so that the technical problems of secondary damage, slow recovery and the like are brought to a patient, and the temporary pedicle screw is provided. The utility model mainly sets the self-tapping structure at the front end of the root nail and adds the light rod type nail rear end part, thereby realizing the purpose that the nail tail part is left outside the body without tapping in advance, and achieving the purposes of relieving the pain of patients, reducing the operation incision and avoiding secondary operation.

The utility model adopts the following technical means:

a temporary pedicle screw is an integrated structure composed of a screw body, an extension rod and a screw tail;

further, the nail body is of a thread structure;

further, the extension rod is of a polished rod structure;

further, the inside of the nail body and the extension rod is provided with a guide pin hole with the diameter of 1.7 mm;

further, an upper nailing device hole is formed in the tail part;

further, the nailing device hole is communicated with the guide pin hole and is coaxially processed.

Further, the nail body is of a thread structure with the length of 50mm, and the nail head part of the nail body is of a self-tapping structure with self-tapping threads.

Further, the length of the extension rod is 30-40-50mm, and the extension rod is used for connecting the nail body and the nail tail.

Further, the length of the tail is 80mm;

further, a rod penetrating hole is formed in the position, close to the rear end part of the nail, of the nail tail;

further, the position in the rod penetrating hole in the nailing device hole is provided with internal threads for assembling the jackscrews.

The procedure for performing the operation for the patient with osteoporosis with flattened fracture of thoracolumbar vertebra or broken thoracolumbar vertebra back wall is as follows;

1. after general anesthesia succeeds, the patient is put on a shaft type turnover prone operating table;

2. simultaneously, the body position is reset, the C-shaped arm is used for perspective, the adjacent vertebral bodies of the diseased vertebrae are positioned, and the positions of pedicles and needle insertion points are marked by line drawing;

3. after disinfection and single laying, making 5mm long small incisions at the marked positions respectively, under the perspective of a C-shaped arm, puncturing 4 puncture needles into the vertebral body through two adjacent vertebral pedicles of the diseased vertebral body, pulling out the inner core of the puncture needle after the position of the C-shaped arm is correct and the position of the C-shaped arm is correct, replacing the original inner core position of the puncture needle with a long guide needle, finally pulling out the outer sleeve of the puncture needle, and only leaving the long guide needle in the body.

4. The temporary pedicle screw is screwed into the vertebral body along the direction of the long guide pin by using the nailing device and the ratchet wrench until the head end of the temporary pedicle screw is close to the front wall of the vertebral body, and the head end of the temporary pedicle screw is cut and marked to be unable to pass through the front wall of the vertebral body, and the long guide pin is pulled out after the C-shaped arm is satisfied with the side position perspective.

5. 2 rods with proper length are selected and matched with a bending machine to reach proper curvature, the bent 2 rods are passed through rod penetrating holes of the temporary pedicle screw by a rod applying machine, the rods are penetrated outside the body, and jackscrews are screwed into the screw by screw tails respectively until the jackscrew rod pressing is reliable.

6. A pair of temporary pedicle screws at the proximal or distal ends are selected, and the jackscrews in the screws are twisted together with corresponding devices until the screws are not twisted.

7. The spreader is spread against the skin surface and the temporary pedicle screws at the near end and the far end, and 2 jackscrews which are not twisted are screwed up by matching with a jackscrew tightening device while spreading until the jackscrews are not twisted, so that the same operation is carried out on the vertebral body at one side which is not spread.

8. Performing vertebroplasty operation on the diseased vertebra, wherein cement is injected into the diseased vertebra to fix the diseased vertebra; the bone cement needs to be solidified for 20 minutes, the rods and the jackscrews of the adjacent 2 vertebrae of the diseased vertebrae are disassembled after the bone cement is solidified, the temporary pedicle screws are taken out, and the operation is finished.

The temporary pedicle screw can restore the height of the vertebral body for the severely flattened vertebral fracture, then inject bone cement into the vertebral body and finally fix the vertebral body through the bone cement, so that the vertebral body height of a patient can be restored, the patient can walk below the vertebral body for a long time, and the pain is obviously relieved; aiming at flattened fracture accompanied with rear wall fracture, the vertebral body can be unfolded and reset, the rear longitudinal ligament at the rear is tensioned, and then bone cement is injected, so that the bone cement is effectively prevented from overflowing, a patient who can only fix a nail rod originally is changed into the bone cement for fixation, the risk of surgical nail pulling is reduced, the vertebral body height of the patient can be restored by the method, the patient can walk down very long, and the pain is obviously relieved. The utility model changes fracture types which cannot be fixed or have poor bone cement fixing effect into bone cement fixing, expands the operation application range of bone cement fixing, and provides more choices for patients and clinicians when encountering the problems.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. according to the temporary pedicle screw, the self-tapping structure is arranged at the front end of the root screw, so that the device can be directly screwed into a vertebral body, the operation time is shortened, and the damage and bleeding amount are reduced;

2. according to the temporary pedicle screw, the section of polish rod structure is added at the rear end of the screw thread of the device, the lengths are 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm, the polish rod structure can be selected according to the obesity degree of a patient when the temporary pedicle screw is used, the structure can ensure that operations such as rod penetrating, supporting and fixing can be performed in vitro, the incision length is enough to be 5mm, and the incision length in vivo operation is at least 2 cm, so that compared with in vivo operation, the temporary pedicle screw in vitro operation has the advantages of simplicity and clarity in operation, short time, less bleeding, small wound and the like;

3. the temporary pedicle screw provided by the utility model has the advantages that the rear end of the screw does not need to be immersed into subcutaneous tissue, the incision is small, and the trauma of the operation to the human body is reduced to a great extent;

4. the device is made of stainless steel, has the characteristics of wear resistance and high strength, can be reused, and can save a certain medical cost for patients;

5. the patient with osteoporosis who encounters the fracture of the rear wall can open and reset the vertebral body and the rear longitudinal ligament at the rear is tensioned through the temporary pedicle screw system, so that the bone cement is effectively prevented from overflowing, the patient who can only fix the screw rod is fixed by the bone cement, and the operation risk is reduced; the instruments used in the patent can be taken out completely after the fixation, so that secondary operation is avoided, the risk of nail pulling is avoided, the height of the vertebral body of the patient can be better recovered, more importantly, the pain of the patient can be obviously improved immediately after the bone cement is fixed, the recovery is quick, the early bed taking activity can be realized, and the cost for the patient is saved;

6. the temporary pedicle screw provided by the patent can be used for fixing a patient with extremely serious vertebral body flattening by matching with bone cement under the condition of not using a saccule, so that the height and the front and back width of the vertebral body can be completely restored, the risk of adjacent vertebral fracture can be reduced, and the secondary operation is avoided;

7. the temporary pedicle screw provided by the patent can be repeatedly sterilized and used, so that the operation cost of a patient is reduced to a great extent;

8. the temporary pedicle screw provided by the patent does not need to be secondarily opened by the balloon, so that the cost of a patient is reduced;

9. the utility model has the original purpose that the bone cement can not be used for fixing the thoracolumbar fracture of the patient originally, the bone cement can be used for fixing under the cooperation of the device, the device can be taken out after the bone cement is fixed, and the device is sterilized and then put into use again, so that compared with the patient needing the pedicle screw for fixing the thoracolumbar fracture, the patient who is used for fixing the bone cement under the cooperation of the device does not need to be hospitalized for a second time after one year to take out the implant operation, thereby reducing the pain and the trouble of the patient and simultaneously reducing the medical cost; bone cement has the following advantages in treating thoracolumbar fractures: a. the operation is simple, the operation time is short, the wound is small, and the bleeding amount is small; b. high clinical satisfaction, quick response and obvious pain relief; c. the patient can move downwards about 3 days, and the recovery period is short.

In summary, the technical scheme of the patent mainly solves the following problems: 1. the patient who can only use pedicle screws to open and fix can be changed into bone cement for fixation, the height and the front and back width of the vertebral body can be effectively recovered, and the application range of the bone cement for treating thoracolumbar fracture can be enlarged; 2. the operation is carried out under external direct vision, so that the operation difficulty is reduced and the operation time is shortened; 3. the surgical incision is reduced from original 2 cm to 0.5 cm, so that bleeding is reduced, and the damage of patients is reduced; 4. after the operation is finished, all temporary supporting and fixing devices can be detached, so that the device does not need to be left in the body, and the secondary taking-out operation is avoided; 5. all devices can be repeatedly disinfected and used, so that the consumable cost is reduced, and the medical pressure of a patient is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a view of FIGS. 1 A-A;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the use of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a state of use diagram of a prior art temporary pedicle screw.

In the figure: 1. the self-tapping type surgical incision device comprises a self-tapping type structure 2, a nail body 3, an extension rod 4, a rod penetrating hole 5, a nail tail 6, a needle guide hole 7, internal threads 8, a nailing device hole 9, a jackscrew 10, a connecting rod 11, a epidermis 12, an intervertebral disc 13, a diseased vertebra (flattened fracture) 14, a normal vertebral body H, a surgical incision diameter H of a root nail system in the present case and a surgical incision diameter of a primary root nail system.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the utility model, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present utility model unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the dimensions of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model: the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model.

As shown in the figure, the utility model provides a temporary pedicle screw which is an integrated structure composed of a screw body 2, an extension rod 3 and a screw tail 5; the nail body 2 is of a thread structure; the extension rod 3 is of a polish rod structure; the inside of the nail body 2 and the extension rod 3 is provided with a guide pin hole 6 with the diameter of 1.7 mm; the inside of the nail tail 5 is provided with a nail feeding device hole 8; the upper nailing device hole 8 is communicated with the guide pin hole 6 and is coaxially processed.

The nail body 2 is of a 50mm long thread structure, and the nail head part of the nail body is of a self-tapping structure 1 with self-tapping threads.

The length of the extension rod 3 is 30-40-50mm, and is used for connecting the nail body 2 and the nail tail 5.

The length of the tail 5 is 80mm; a rod penetrating hole 4 is formed in the position, close to the rear end part 3 of the nail, of the nail tail 5;

the position of the upper nailing device hole 8, which is positioned in the rod penetrating hole 4, is provided with an internal thread 7 for assembling a jackscrew 9.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A temporary pedicle screw, characterized in that:

the temporary pedicle screw is an integrated structure consisting of a screw body (2), an extension rod (3) and a screw tail (5);

the nail body (2) is of a thread structure;

the extension rod (3) is of a polished rod structure;

the inside of the nail body (2) and the extension rod (3) is provided with a guide pin hole (6) with the diameter of 1.7 mm;

an upper nailing device hole (8) is formed in the nailing tail (5);

the nail feeding device hole (8) is communicated with the guide pin hole (6) and is coaxially processed.

2. A temporary pedicle screw as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the nail body (2) is of a thread structure with the length of 50mm, and the nail head part of the nail body is of a self-tapping structure (1) with self-tapping threads.

3. A temporary pedicle screw as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the length of the extension rod (3) is 30-40-50mm, and the extension rod is used for connecting the nail body (2) and the nail tail (5).

4. A temporary pedicle screw as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the length of the nail tail (5) is 80mm;

the position of the tail (5) close to the rear end part of the nail is provided with a rod penetrating hole (4).

5. A temporary pedicle screw as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the internal thread (7) is arranged at the position of the rod penetrating hole (4) in the nailing device hole (8) and used for assembling the jackscrew (9).

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